Drugs that May Cause Delirium or Problem Behaviors Drugs that May Cause Delirium or Problem Behaviors
This reference card lists common and especially problema c drugs that may An cholinergics—all drugs on this side of the card. May impair cogni on cause delirium or contribute to problem behaviors in people with demen a. and cause psychosis. Drugs available over‐the‐counter marked with * This does not always mean the drugs should not be used, and not all such drugs are listed. If a pa ent develops delirium or has new problem Tricyclic An depressants Bladder An spasmodics behaviors, a careful review of all medica ons is recommended. Amitriptyline – Elavil Darifenacin – Enablex Be especially mindful of new medica ons. Clomipramine – Anafranil Flavoxate – Urispas Desipramine – Norpramin An convulsants Psychiatric Oxybutynin – Ditropan Doxepin – Sinequan Solifenacin – VESIcare All can cause delirium, e.g. All psychiatric medica ons should be Imipramine – Tofranil Tolterodine – Detrol Carbamazepine – Tegretol reviewed as possible causes, as Nortriptyline – Aventyl, Pamelor Gabapen n – Neuron n effects are unpredictable. Trospium – Sanctura An histamines / Allergy / Leve racetam – Keppra Notable offenders include: Insomnia / Sleep Valproic acid – Depakote Benzodiazepines e.g. Cough & Cold Medicines *Diphenhydramine – Sominex, ‐Alprazolam – Xanax *Azelas ne – Astepro Pain Tylenol‐PM, others ‐Clonazepam – Klonopin *Brompheniramine – Bromax, All opiates can cause delirium if dose *Doxylamine – Unisom, Medi‐Sleep ‐Lorazepam – A van Bromfed, Lodrane is too high or increased too quickly. S mulants e.g. Carbinoxamine – Rondec Stomach and GI Tract Codiene – Empirin, many others ‐Methylphenidate – Ritalin *Chlorpheniramine – Chlor‐Trimeton Fentanyl – Duragesic Ulcer and Reflux: Hypno cs (Sleep Medica ons ) e.g. *Clemas ne – Tavist Hydrocodone – Lortab *Cime dine – Tagamet ‐Eszopiclone – Lunesta Cyproheptadine – Periac n Hydromorphone – Palladone, Glycopyrrolate – Robinul ‐Zaleplon – Sonata *Dexbrompheniramine –Drixoral *Rani dine – Zantac Dilaudid ‐Zolpidem – Ambien Dexchlorpheniramine – Polaramine Meperidine – Demerol Tricyclic An depressants e.g. *Diphenhydramine – Benadryl GI An spasmodics: Morphine – MS Con n, MS IR ‐Amitriptyline – Elavil Hydroxyzine – Atarax, Vistaril Atropine – Sal‐Tropine, Atreza Oxycodone – OxyCon n ‐Doxepin – Silenor, Sinequan Olopatadine – Pataday, Patanol Belladonna Alkaloids – Donnatal, Tramadol – Ultram ‐Nortriptyline – Pamelor Promethazine – Phenergan Bellamine S, Bel‐Tabs, B&O Triprolidine – Triacin‐C suppre es Parkinson’s/Restless Legs An bio cs/An virals Clidinium – Librax Most Parkinson’s disease Difficult to dis nguish drug effects Dicyclomine – Bentyl Mo on Sickness / Dizziness / medica ons can cause psychosis. from effects of infec on. Others may Hyoscyamine – Levsin, Anaspaz, Amantadine – Symadine, Symmetrel contribute as well. Nausea Cytospaz Bromocrip ne – Parlodel An viral *Dimenhydrinate – Dramamine Methscopolamine – Pamine, Pamine Levodopa – Sinemet , Stalevo ‐Acyclovir – Zovirax *Meclizine – An vert, Forte Pramipexole – Mirapex ‐Valacyclovir – Valtrex Dramamine less drowsy Propantheline – Pro‐Banthine Rasagiline – Azilect Fluoroquinolones e.g. Promethazine – Phenergan An cholinergic An psycho cs Ropinrole – Requip ‐Levofloxacin – Levaquin *Scopolamine – Scopace, Transderm Ro go ne – Neupro ‐Ciprofloxacin – Cipro ‐Scop, Maldemar Chlorpromazine – Thorazine Selegiline – Eldepril, Emsam, Zelapar Metronidazole – Flagyl Trimethobenzamide – Tigan Clozapine – Clozaril Vancomycin – Vancocin Loxapine – Loxitane Steroids Movement Disorders Olanzapine – Zyprexa Cardiac Medica ons Cor costeroids e.g. Benztropine – Cogen n Pimozide – Orap ‐Prednisone – Deltasone, etc. An arrhythmics Trihexyphenidyl – Artane Que apine – Seroquel Testosterone – Androgel, etc. Digoxin – Digitek, Lanoxin Thioridazine – Mellaril