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1.1.1.2 Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus
This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: • This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. • A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. • This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. • The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. • When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of arbovirus-infected tick cells Sabine Weisheit Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh 2014 Declaration .................................................................................................... i Acknowledgements ..................................................................................... ii Abstract of Thesis ....................................................................................... iii List of Figures .............................................................................................. v List -
Sandy Point, Green Cay and Buck Island National Wildlife Refuges Comprehensive Conservation Plan
Sandy Point, Green Cay and Buck Island National Wildlife Refuges Comprehensive Conservation Plan U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service Southeast Region September 2010 Sandy Point, Green Cay, and Buck Island National Wildlife Refuges COMPREHENSIVE CONSERVATION PLAN SANDY POINT, GREEN CAY AND BUCK ISLAND NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGES United States Virgin Islands Caribbean Islands National Wildlife Refuge Complex U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service Southeast Region Atlanta, Georgia September 2010 Table of Contents iii Sandy Point, Green Cay, and Buck Island National Wildlife Refuges TABLE OF CONTENTS COMPREHENSIVE CONSERVATION PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................... 1 I. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3 Purpose and Need for the Plan .................................................................................................... 3 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ...................................................................................................... 3 National Wildlife Refuge System .................................................................................................. 4 Legal and Policy Context ............................................................................................................. -
A Meta-Analysis of the Genus Alouatta
Chapter 17 Ecological and Anthropogenic Influences on Patterns of Parasitism in Free-Ranging Primates: A Meta-analysis of the Genus Alouatta Martin M. Kowalewski and Thomas R. Gillespie 17.1 Introduction Parasites play a central role in tropical ecosystems, affecting the ecology and evolution of species interactions, host population growth and regulation, and com- munity biodiversity (Esch and Fernandez 1993; Hudson, Dobson and Newborn 1998; Hochachka and Dhondt 2000; Hudson et al. 2002). Our understanding of how nat- ural and anthropogenic factors affect host-parasite dynamics in free-ranging pri- mate populations (Gillespie, Chapman and Greiner 2005a; Gillespie, Greiner and Chapman 2005b; Gillespie and Chapman 2006) and the relationship between wild primates and human health in rural or remote areas (McGrew et al. 1989; Stuart et al. 1990; Muller-Graf, Collins and Woolhouse 1997; Gillespie et al. 2005b; Pedersen et al. 2005) remain largely unexplored. The majority of emerging infec- tious diseases are zoonotic – easily transferred among humans, wildlife, and domes- ticated animals – (Nunn and Altizer 2006). For example, Taylor, Latham and Woolhouse (2001) found that 61% of human pathogens are shared with animal hosts. Identifying general principles governing parasite occurrence and prevalence is critical for planning animal conservation and protecting human health (Nunn et al. 2003). In this review, we examine how various ecological and anthropogenic factors affect patterns of parasitism in free-ranging howler monkeys (Genus Alouatta). 17.1.1 Evidence of the Relationships Between Howlers and Parasitic Diseases in South America The genus Alouatta is the most geographically widespread non-human primate in South America, with 8 of 10 Alouatta species ranging from Northern Colombia M.M. -
Active Compounds Present in Scorpion and Spider Venoms and Tick Saliva Francielle A
Cordeiro et al. Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases (2015) 21:24 DOI 10.1186/s40409-015-0028-5 REVIEW Open Access Arachnids of medical importance in Brazil: main active compounds present in scorpion and spider venoms and tick saliva Francielle A. Cordeiro, Fernanda G. Amorim, Fernando A. P. Anjolette and Eliane C. Arantes* Abstract Arachnida is the largest class among the arthropods, constituting over 60,000 described species (spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions, palpigrades, pseudoscorpions, solpugids and harvestmen). Many accidents are caused by arachnids, especially spiders and scorpions, while some diseases can be transmitted by mites and ticks. These animals are widely dispersed in urban centers due to the large availability of shelter and food, increasing the incidence of accidents. Several protein and non-protein compounds present in the venom and saliva of these animals are responsible for symptoms observed in envenoming, exhibiting neurotoxic, dermonecrotic and hemorrhagic activities. The phylogenomic analysis from the complementary DNA of single-copy nuclear protein-coding genes shows that these animals share some common protein families known as neurotoxins, defensins, hyaluronidase, antimicrobial peptides, phospholipases and proteinases. This indicates that the venoms from these animals may present components with functional and structural similarities. Therefore, we described in this review the main components present in spider and scorpion venom as well as in tick saliva, since they have similar components. These three arachnids are responsible for many accidents of medical relevance in Brazil. Additionally, this study shows potential biotechnological applications of some components with important biological activities, which may motivate the conducting of further research studies on their action mechanisms. -
A New Vision for Outdoor Recreation Trails in Cattaraugus County, New York
A New Vision for Outdoor Recreation Trails In Cattaraugus County, New York Volume 4 A Guidebook Published for Cattaraugus County’s Smart Development For Quality Communities Series Prepared For The Cattaraugus County Legislature’s Allegany State Park Perimeter Study (In Coordination with Cattaraugus County’s Planning Board, Municipalities, Allegany State Park Trails Study Group, Route 219 Development Committee, and Trail Stakeholders and Event Organizers) Prepared By Cattaraugus County Department of Economic Development, Planning and Tourism November 16, 2005 Cattaraugus County Smart Development for Quality Communities CATTARAUGUS COUNTY LEGISLATURE Gerard J. Fitzpatrick, Chairman* Jon K. Baker, Majority Leader Crystal J. Abers, Vice-Chairman* Dick L. Giardini, Jr., Minority Leader David J. Anastasia Michael F. McLaughlin James L. Boser Thomas M. Moser* Jerry Burrell* Michael T. O’Brien Elliott J. Ellis, Jr. Paul J. Schafer E. James Ellis* William E. Sprague* Gary M. Felton Carmen A. Vecchiarella Charles G. Krause* Linda I. Witte Norman L. Marsh Howard D. Zollinger* Kenneth W. McClune CATTARAUGUS COUNTY PLANNING BOARD William Sprague, Chairman* Ann Padlo, Secretary Paul Mager, Vice Chairman* Charles Couture, Assistant Secretary Tina Abrams Robert Keis Jack Berger David McCoy Kameron Brooks* James Rich Florence Fuller David Rivet Richard Fuller CATTARAUGUS COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, PLANNING AND TOURISM Thomas M. Livak, Director* Linda Exford, Senior Account Clerk Typist Terry H. Martin, Chief Planner** David P. Paoletta, Senior Planner*** Paul R. Bishop, Planner*** Deborah G. Maroney, Development Specialist Margaret E. Puszcz, Stenographic Secretary*** Debra Opferbeck, Tourism Specialist Becky Smith, Tourism Assistant*** Joseph Williams, Industrial Program Specialist*** Jeremy Knab, Web Technician Jackie Norton, Business & Operations Manager Laurie Andrews, Business Counselor Scott Miller, Business Counselor *Leadership for Allegany State Park Perimeter Study and this County Trails Initiative. -
Upper Cattaraugus Creek Fisheries Management Plan
UPPER CATTARAUGUS CREEK FISHERIES MANAGEMENT PLAN June 25, 2019 DATA COLLECTIONS THAT MADE THIS WORK POSSIBLE WERE SUPPORTED BY THE FEDERAL AID IN SPORT FISH RESTORATION PROGRAM Preface - New York’s Cattaraugus Creek provides important, unique and diverse trout fishing experiences in western New York State. The main stem of the lower reach extends from the mouth at Lake Erie upstream 34 miles to Springville Dam, and has long been regarded as one of the highest quality steelhead fisheries in New York State. The upper reach extends another 34 miles to its source, and along with its numerous tributaries offers excellent fishing opportunities for resident trout, abundant angler access, and high-quality spawning and nursery habitat. A long- planned fish passage project at Springville Dam will allow steelhead access to many miles of additional high-quality habitat and provide new fishing opportunities. This passage project may also result in some changes to the existing upstream fisheries and fish community. This Plan covers the period 2019-2030 (or approximately ten years following initiation of fish passage) and takes an adaptive management approach to provide a roadmap for fisheries management following fish passage, and lists the goals, objectives, and strategies for maintaining a high quality, year- round sport fishery. MANAGEMENT GOAL DEC will manage upper Cattaraugus Creek and its tributaries as a high quality, year-round sport fishery with opportunities to catch lake-run steelhead as well as resident trout. Prepared by: New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Fish and Wildlife Bureau of Fisheries James Markham Jason Robinson Donald Einhouse Scott Cornett Michael Clancy Lake Erie Fisheries Research Unit and Region 9 Fisheries Office Approved by ~/t. -
Glacial Geology and Stratigraphy of Western New York Nuclear Service
Glacial Geology and Stratigraphy of Center and Vicinity, Cattaraugus and Erie Counties, New York U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVE'f Open-file Report 79-989 Prepared under grant to the New York State Geological Survey, New York State Education Department 697 12 GLACIAL GEOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY OF WESTERN NEW YORK NUCLEAR SERVICE CENTER AND VICINITY, CATTARAUGUS AND ERIE COUNTIES, NEW YORK By Robert G. LaFleur U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-file Report 79-989 Prepared under grant to the New York State Geological Survey, New York State Education Department Albany, New York 1979 CONTENTS Page Conversion facto;rs •..••..••.....•..•......•••..•.••........... · · · · · · iii Abstract ............................................................. 1 Introduction .••..................•..........•....................•.. 3 Geologic setting .......................................... ·.· · · 3 Scope and purpose of study..................................... 4 Acknowledgments.. 4 Previous work. • . • . • . 4 Geology of Buttermilk Creek Valley and waste-burial site............ 7 Stratigraphy and origin of glacial deposits.................... 7 Lavery till. • . • . • . .. • . 9 Hydrologic relationships between Lavery till and subjacent strata;................................................... • . 13 Pre-Lavery lithologies and stratigraphic relationships ........• 14 Summary . • . : . ; . .. 16 References cited................................................. 16 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1.--Map showing location and major geographic features of study area.............................................. -
Lista Das Espécies De Aranhas (Arachnida, Araneae) Do Estado Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Brasil
Lista das espécies de aranhas (Arachnida, Araneae) do estado do... 483 Lista das espécies de aranhas (Arachnida, Araneae) do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Erica Helena Buckup1, Maria Aparecida L. Marques1, Everton Nei Lopes Rodrigues1,2 & Ricardo Ott1 1. Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Dr. Salvador França, 1427, 90690-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. ([email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) 2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Bloco IV, Prédio 43435, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. ([email protected]) ABSTRACT. List of spiders species (Arachnida, Araneae) of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A spiders species list including 808 species of 51 families occurring in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, is presented. Type locality, municipalities of occurrence and taxonomic bibliography concerning these species are indicated. KEYWORDS. Inventory revision, type localities, municipalities records, Neotropical. RESUMO. É apresentada uma lista de 808 espécies de aranhas, incluídas em 51 famílias ocorrentes no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. São indicados localidade-tipo, municípios de ocorrência e a bibliografia taxonômica de cada espécie. PALAVRAS-CHAVES. Inventário, localidades-tipo, registros municipais, Neotropical. A ordem Araneae reúne atualmente 110 famílias e 31 famílias. Registrou as 219 espécies descritas por distribuídas em 3821 gêneros e 42055 espécies, mostrando Keyserling em “Die Spinnen Amerikas” e relacionou mais nas últimas décadas um aumento progressivo no 212 espécies, entre as quais 67 novas para a ciência. -
En La Selva Alta Del Jardín Escultórico Edward James, Xilitla, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
DIVERSIDAD DE ARAÑAS (ARANEAE, ARANEOMORPHAE) EN LA SELVA ALTA DEL JARDÍN ESCULTÓRICO EDWARD JAMES, XILITLA, SAN LUIS POTOSÍ, MEXICO Francisco Andrés Rivera-Quiroz, Uriel Garcilazo-Cruz, Fernando Alvarez-Padilla. Departamento de Biología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias UNAM. Universidad 3000, Col. Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, D.F. México C.P. 04510. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]. RESUMEN. Actualmente existen 43,678 especies de arañas descritas y se estima que esto solo representa entre la quinta parte y la mitad del total. El conocimiento de las especies para Araneae en México es incompleto; sin embargo, el desarrollo de métodos de recolecta para el grupo y la Taxonomía Cibernética hacen que sea posible incrementar esta información en tiempos razonables. En este proyecto se documentó la riqueza de especies araneomorfas (arañas no tarántulas) en una hectárea, dentro de un remanente de Selva Alta Perennifolia. Se recolectaron un total de 4,087 ejemplares adultos en 482 muestras obtenidas a lo largo de un año que pertenecen a 236 morfoespecies. Se recolecto entre el 71% y 88% del total de especies estimadas. Se esta creando una base con casi 3,000 imágenes digitales para la determinación e identificación de especies. Palabras clave: Arachnida, Faunística. Spider diversity (Araneae, Araneomorphae) in the “Jardín Escultorico Edward James” tropical forest, Xilitla, San Luis Potosí, México ABSTRACT. There are 43,678 described species of spiders and is estimated that this number only represents between half and one fifth of the total. The knowledge of the Mexican fauna is incomplete; however, the development of specialized collecting methods and the Cybertaxonomy make possible to increase this knowledge in reasonable times. -
2012 Great Lakes Fishing Tournaments Lake Erie / Lake Ontario
2016 Great Lakes Fishing Tournaments (Lake Erie & Lake Ontario) Event Name Location Species Port Format Dates Cabela’s MWC Lake Erie / Detroit River Walleye Elizabeth Park 5 per day / 2 day April 14th & 15th Master Walleye Circuit Trenton, MI Masterswalleyecircuit.com King of the Lake – Spring Salmon Port Dalhousie, Ontario Salmon Port Pier Marina 5 per day / 2 day April 30,May 1 Email: [email protected] Canada 905.651.33.27 LOC Spring Derby All of Lake Ontario and Salmon/Trout Any Single Largest Fish May 6th – 15th www.loc.org Lower Niagara River Wilson Salmon Invitational Wilson Harbor Salmon Wilson Marina 5 per day / 1 day May 7th Email: [email protected] Wilson, New York Southtown’s Walleye Association All of Lake Erie and Perch Any 5 per day / 1 day May 21st www.southtownswalleye.org Upper Niagara River th st Lake Ontario PRO-AM Lake Ontario Salmon Wilson and Olcott Accumulation / 3 day May 20 , 21 , 22nd (Niagara) USA New York Email: [email protected] Cabela’s MWC Lake Erie Walleye Black River Warf 5 per day/ 2 day June 3rd and 4th Master Walleye Circuit Lorain, Ohio Boat Launch Masterswalleyecircuit.com Southtown’s Walleye Association All of Lake Erie and Walleye Any Single Largest Fish June 11th – 19th www.southtownswalleye.org Upper Niagara River 716.649.8202 – Club Office Bob Kessler – 716.462.9576 Tightline Salmon Shootout Bluffers Park Marina Salmon Bluffer Pk. Marina 6 per day / 1 day June 2016 www.tightlinesshootout.com Toronto, Canada (to be announced) Southtowns Walleye Association Walleye 5895 Southwestern -
Chec List Records of Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of the Parque
Check List 10(6): 1435–1444, 2014 © 2014 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.biotaxa.org/cl) Journal of species lists and distribution PECIES S Estadual Mata São Francisco, Paraná, Brazil OF Records of Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of the Parque ISTS ¹*, ¹ L João Lucas Chavari Nikolas Gioia Cipola ² and Antonio Domingos Brescovit São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 2 Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia – INPA, CPEN. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia. Laboratório de Sistemática e Ecologia 1 Instituto Butantan, Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas. Av. Vital Brasil, 1500. CEP 05503-900. [email protected] de Invertebrados do Solo. Av. André Araújo, 2.936. CEP 69011-970. Manaus, AM, Brazil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: A list of spider species recorded from the Parque Estadual Mata São Francisco, Paraná, Brazil was compiled based on 7,942 specimens, of which 2,872 are adults (36.15%) and 5,071 are juveniles (63.85%). Adults were identified as belonging to 45 families, 140 genera and 209 speciesConifaber and morphospecies guarani Grismado, (101 2004nominal and species Oonops and nigromaculatus 108 morphotypes). Mello- Forty-one species were recorded for the first time from the state of Paraná, most of them belonging to Araneidae (14), Oonopidae (4), Theridiidae (4), and Uloboridae (3). Leitão, 1944 were recorded for the first time from Brazil. These results place Paraná as the sixth state with the highest knownnumber species of records in Paraná. of spiders from Brazil, currently 465 species. This study increases in 10% the number of species recorded from Paraná, and the Atlantic Forest fragment becomes one of the most well sampled areas in the state, with 20% of all DOI: 10.15560/10.6.1435 Introduction comparisons with the previous literature (Brescovit et al. -
An Extraordinary New Genus of Spiders from Western Australia with an Expanded Hypothesis on the Phylogeny of Tetragnathidae (Araneae)
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 161, 735–768. With 17 figures An extraordinary new genus of spiders from Western Australia with an expanded hypothesis on the phylogeny of Tetragnathidae (Araneae) DIMITAR DIMITROV*† and GUSTAVO HORMIGA Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA Received 29 October 2009; Revised 19 January 2010; accepted for publication 9 February 2010 We describe Pinkfloydia Hormiga & Dimitrov gen. nov., a new genus of tetragnathid spiders from Western Australia and study its phylogenetic placement. The taxon sampling from our previous cladistic studies was expanded, with the inclusion of representatives of additional tetragnathid genera and outgroup taxa. Sequences from six genetic markers, 12S, 16S, 18S, 28S, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, and histone 3, along with morphological and behavioural data were used to infer tetragnathid relationships. These data were analysed using parsimony (under both static homology and dynamic optimization) and Bayesian methods. Our results indicate that Pinkfloydia belongs to the ‘Nanometa’ clade. We also propose a revised set of synapomorphies to define this lineage. Based on the new evidence presented here we propose a revised hypothesis for the intrafamilial relationships of Tetragnathidae and show that Mimetidae is most likely the sister group of Tetragnathidae. The single species in this genus so far, Pinkfloydia harveii Dimitrov& Hormiga sp. nov., is described in detail and its web architecture documented and illustrated. © 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 161, 735–768. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00662.x ADDITIONAL KEYWORDS: Bayesian analysis – biodiversity – direct optimization – mating plugs – molecular systematics.