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8A BROERING__U.__NIEDRINGHAUS__R.__1988__Die Verbreitung.Pdf Abh. Naturw. Verein Bremen 4ul 7-16 Bremen 1988 Die Verbreitung aquatischer und semiaquatischer Heterop ter a (Hemiptera : Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha) auf küstennahen Düneninseln der Nordsee Distribution of Aquatic and Semiaquatic Heteroptera (Hemiptera: Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha) on the Dutch and German Northsee Islands. UOO ERÖRING UNd ROLF NIEDRINGHAUS Abstract: 46 aquatic and semiacluatic species of Hcteroptera are listccl for the West-. East- ancl North-Fr isi an islancls b:rsecl on investigations between I 979 and 1986. checking of some underlving matcrial and zr cornpilation of literature clata: l0 species are ncw for the East- Frisian islancls. lt is shorvn that the numtrer of species prcscnt on a singlc East- or West- Frisian island neither corrclatcs',vith the distancc to the nrainland and the size of thc isl:rnd. nor rvith the location in cast-r'vest-scale. Thc decicive aspect for species diversitv on an island is the charactcr of thc entire set of acluatic environments. particularlv thc presence ofpcrma- nent $:iltcl's, the nunrer of frcshrvater habitats as well as the prescnce of special aquatic habi- tats suitable for species rvith special ecoloctcal requirements. 1. Einleitung Der t-nttteleuropäischcn Fcstlanclküste ist cine Reihe von Inseln vorgclagert. auf dencn sich neben grirf3crcn Süßservüssern kleine, z. T. pcrcnnierencle Tün-rpel und Gräbcn befin- den. dic'in unterschiediichcr Wcise von aquatischen uncl semiaquatischen Hcmipteren besic- delt rvcrclen. Währcnd lür die Westfricsischen (nieclerländischen) Inscln sowie tür dic Nord- ft'iesiscl'ren Inscln Amntm uncl Sylt bereits umfangreiche faunistische Erhebungcn fiir die Gruppen clcr Hvdro- uncl Amphibiocorisen clurchgeftihrt r,",orclen sincl (vgl. Zusammenstel- Iunsen bci Lpern'l.rn 1981. Bt,Bc;ltrr.nor 1975). liecen tür die meisten clcr Ostfiiesischcn Inse ln bislang nur r.venigc Angaben vor. dic sich zudem ar.rl Funde bezichcn. clie .Iahrzchnte zurückliegen (r,gl. AlnrEu 1891, 1921, 1930. PoppE 1891, Scnrltoen 19t)0. ScHuu.qcHnn 'l911. Srntive 1937. 1939, Wrc;Np.n 1937). Daher wurden dic Ostfriesischcn lnseln 1985 uncl 19E6 intenstv auf die Verbreitung dicser (imppen hin untersucht: r,on 1979 bis 1982 r,r,urden tiberclics Arten- und Tnclividr"Lenzr-rsamlnensctzungen aquatischer Habitate ar.rf Norclerney analvsiert (BRa)RrNCi. NrronrNr;irrus 1988). Auf clcl Gruncllage dieser f.lntcrsuchrurgen sowie einigcr Zusatzangaben kitnncn crste Folgerungen inr Hinblick auf dic Präsenz dieser Gruppcn auf clen Inseln und cinige Besied- lungsaspcktc diskuliert u,er den. 2. tlntersuchungsgebiet Wührencl die mcistcn dcr tr-ordfriesischen Insch.r als Rückstiinde eincr h'ülicrcn clurch Sturml1utcn zerstörten Festlanc'lküste mit jcrveils einern Geestkcrn irngesehen nerden körr- nen, sind die Clst- uncl Wi:stfricsischen Insehr (mit eincr Ausr-riLhme: Terel) unabhirnqiq von-t eltcmaliscn Fcstlancl olganogen durch Sandaufr.r,chungen. Sedin'rentatrorrslllozcssc uncl :in- thropogene MalJnahrnen (Deichbautcn) nach Beginn der Sub-Atlantiscl.rcn Transgressiou entstandcn (r,gl. i. c.FtscHEn 1975. Dorxc; l9E3). Derecrinsstc Abstancl cler-einzelncn Tnscln zum Fcstlancl liegt zrvischen 3 und 24 km (vgJ. Atrb. 1). Tö Nordfrie s i sche ".k"ä ostfriesische Inseln ltestrriesiscie rnseln . - ij=$;a?--a ;'t" Axr .I-Ä"o €j!i "F"z------^--_] re (-=-= (F.-----:-= ^ c-' ---L -----,------\ It,,kn tt 50 Abb. 1: Lzrge cler Wcst-. Ost- und Norclfriesischcn Inseln im Wattcnmcer (Tx : Terel. Vl : Vliclancl. Tc - Terschelling. Am = An.reland. Sk - Schiermonnikoog. [{o: Rot- tumetoog. Bo : Borkum. Mt : Mernmert. Ju = Juist. No : Nordcrne),, Ba : Bal- ttum. La: Lanscoos. Sp: Spiekeroog. Wa - Wangeroolc. Me: N,Iellurn. Pr,r,= Pelh.vorrn. HH : Hallig Hooge. Ar = Amrum. Fö : Frihr. Sv : S),It. Hg: Hclgo- land). Klimatisch gehören clie hrseln zu dcn u'interrvzirmsten Gt-bictcn Mitteleuropas, q,cgcn der lvleeresniihe sincl ailc lSiotopc der Inseln relativ gcringen Temperaturschwankurger. gerin- gen Nicdcrschhgssummen rincl hohcn mittlcren Wincleeschu,indigkeiten ausuesetzt (vtl. z.B.l)t.trrlt.l I983).Ph)'to-scographischgehiirendic;\rcaleznrboreoatlantischenSr.rbpro- vinz (RorsrN 1969). I Neben einigen Seen (Texel: ,,De Muy", Terschelling: ,,Dodemanskisten", Juist: ,,Ham- mersee") findet sich auf den Inseln eine z. T . große Anzahl an kleinen Tümpeln und Teichen in den Dünen- und Grodenbereichen. Sie werden vornehmlich durch Regen- bzw. Grund- wasser gespeist, z. T. auch durch Überflutungen nach Meereseinbrüchen. Zusätzlich können einige Gräben und Kanäle als mögliche Habitate für Hydro- und Amphibiocorisen in Be- tracht gezogen werden. Nahezu alle Gewässer sind relativ instabile Habitate, die z. T. extre- men Schwankungen insbesondere in bezug auf Wasserstand, Salzgehalt und Konzentration organischen Materials ausgesetzt sind. Zur Diskussion hydrobiologischer Aspekte vgl. Kuura(1968), Lnemvaan (1981). 3. Material und Methode Auf den Ostfriesischen Inseln (außer Borkum) wurden nahezu alle aquatischen Lebens- räume in die Untersuchungen einbezogen; nur in wenigen Fä1len mußte eine geeignete Aus- wahl getroffen werden, wenn viels sehr ähnliche Gewässer vorhanden waren (2. B. Bomben- trichter auf Wangerooge, Gräben auf Langeoog). Im einzelnen wurden folgende Gewässer berücksichtigt: Borkum: nur 2 schwach brackige Gräben; Memmert: ein Süßgewässer, 5 brackige Tümpel; Juist: 7 süße Tümpel, Hammersee, 3 brackige Gewässer; Norderney: 11 Süßgewässer, 5 brackige Gewässer; Baltrum: 3 Süßgewässer, 4 brackige Gewässer; Langeoog: 6 Süßgewässer, 10 brackige Tümpel bzw. Gräben; Spiekeroog: 4 süße, 5 brackige Tümpel; Wangerooge: 17 Süßgewässer, 7 brackige Gewässer; Mellum: ein Süß- und ein Brackgewässer. Außerdem wurden die Hydro- und Amphibiocodsen überprüft, die von F. und R. Struve in den Jahren 1932 bis 1939 aü Borkum gesammelt wurden (2. T. nicht publiziert, vgl. Srnur,,s 1937,1939). ;1. Ergebnisse 1.1 Artenspektrum Für die West-. Ost- und Nordtiiesischcn lnseln rvurclen 36 aquatische und 13 semiaquati- sche Heteroptgcrcn nachgeu,iesen;Tabelle 1 gibt eine Zusammenstellung auf Grundlagc der Listen in Ll,ENrve,qR (1981) für die Westfi-iesischen und BuRc;n,rRol' (197-5) tür dic Nord- fr-iesischcn Inseln sowic dcr cigenen Erfassungen auf den Ostfricsischerr Inseln. Ergänzend sincl neuere Angaben von ScHoerR. W.r.ssl,r.q.e* (1980). Nrcsrn (1982). Dt. KnooN et al. (19E5) und Aurp-ul.. Wttuosrne (1986 in lit.) fur clie Wrstfricsischen Inscln angetiihrt. Dic Nomcnklatur folgt tür Corixiclae JerssctN ( 1986). ansonsten Nrtsm (1982). Es sincl 3 Amphibiocorisenarten ftir die Inseln zu streichen. rviihrcnd 10 Artcn für die Ost- fricsischen Inseln zum ersten Nlal gemeldet werden. Die Verbreitung von Slgara fuctan,s tltf clen Lrseln bleibt zuniichst unklar. Tab. 1: Artenliste der Hydro- und Amphibiocodsae auf west-, ost- und Nordfriesischen Inseln (Q : Angaben vor 1900, @ : im Spülsaum, ? : sehr zweifelhafte Angabe). ANGRENZ- WEST OST UND NORDTR]ESTSCHE]NSELN , EESTLAND t,, )z t; I pl 915 C E C =li E c ä F il3 F E: 'tli C o E Bli ;ir E il z { {19 Notonecta vrrldis DELC. Notonecta obliqua GALL ml X.I _'r Notonecta maculata E trt ll glauca (L. l7fr17f,rr. J' !r Notonecta ) /\ l! r\ l\ /\ to, Hg Notonecta lutea i{ULL. lr'l'_-rr- Noionecta reuteri HUNG- ? TI I lr Plea leachi MCGR. et KIRK. Nepa cinerea L. -# lg Ilyocoris (L. cimicoides ) !lr!t rr 2 Glaenocorisa propinqua (FIEB. ) t 3 ]l tEr[ Corixa dentipes (TIlOriS. ) Corixa punctata (ItL. ,l ) -Lt-e-t]-pL+- Hq Corixa affinis '-!r LEACH 3lm n- Ig,HH Corixa panzerl (rIEB. ) # m m T -T-f Parrcorixa (IIEB. Il )rl concinna ) ]H CaLlicorixa p:.aeusta (FIEB. ) .ra-' Hg Hesperocorixa (r'IEB. linnaei ) ffi Hesperocorixa (Et:EB. noesla ) l?l Hesperocorixa castanea (THOMS. ) Arctocorisa germari (FfEB. ) lg Srgara iossarun (LEACH) !\ /I\ /\ Sigara scotti DGL. et SC. []lIx Srqara dj.stincta (FlEB. ) Slgara (II:B. fallenl ) t Sigarä iectans JANSSON t: SLgara longipalls (J.SAHLB" ) r r,,tl |f,,, I Srgara Lateralis (LEACH) Hg, HH Srgara stagnalis (LEACH) 1i::ii1tü11i f1i .i <i Srgara selecta (FIEB. ) Srgara (L. m lr rrrT v strlata ) fr HH S1cdr. nlgrol1ne)ta irrEB. ) i::: lbii": 1i 1i ii 1 1) 1i Jg Sigara limitata (FIEB. lli ) ): : :-,-l-r-rr-rr il- rgl?) Srgrra semrstrrrld (fItB. ) 1,I l''r f lq EI Gerris rufoscutellatus LATR. cerris lateralis SCEUMü 2 I] o1(?) Gerris thoracicus SCHUUM. t Ji. ii. i, il Hg, HH Gerris grbblfe. SCHUtlu. i: r:ili:iIIi Jg Gerris lacustris (L. rlrII ) lg Gerris odontogaster (ZETT. ) ii::l!ii;liiiri I'Y II-Y Gerris argentatus SCHUMM. I VeIia caprai TAM .t l Microvelia l. ,, reticulata (BURM. ) l-r Mesovelia furcata MLS. et REy L Hydrometra stagnorum {L. ) J# +<| Hg Hebrus ruf iceps THOllS. L' I IT 'I t0 Anmerkunqen zur Artcnlistc : H),drocorisae Notonecta obliqtru G trt. Für Borkum von SctrNernrn ( l ut tt tl unrl iür Mcmmcrt (..im SpüI- saunr")vonAlprrw(1921)alsN.glaucal..var.furcataF.angegeben; nichtincoll.Struve! - auf Wangcroogc 1986 in großcr Anzahl in den Bombentrichtern im Tertiärdünenbcrcich. Notonecta reuteri HuNr;. Von Bunculnor (1975) vernrutlich irrtümlich nach Slr<ulr (1937) 1ür Borkum angcgcbcn I - 19E-5 uncl 1986 auf dcn Ostfricsischcn Inseln nicht gefunden . Ilyocoris cirnicoides (L.) - Wahrscheinlich irrtürnlich von LEENtvee« (1981) für Langeoog und Spiekeroog verzeichnet; aufbeiclen Inseln 1985 und 1986 nicht gefunden. Glaenocorisa propinclua (Flt,n.) - Terschelling: Aurt,rt,t (in lit"). I ? (1-5. E. 1970). Visscr leg., in coll. Woudstra: Rottumeroog: Lr.ENlreen (1981)l Juist: I d ( 15. 10. 198fi) in einenr Feuerkischtümpel; - neu für die Ostfr iesischen
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