Institute for Transuranium Elements Karlsruhe
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Heavy Element Chemistry Contractors' Meeting Program and Abstracts
Department of Energy Office of Science Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division Heavy Element Chemistry Contractors' Meeting Advanced Photon Source Office Building Argonne National Laboratory November 19 - 21, 2000 Program and Abstracts Heavy Element Chemistry Contractors' Meeting November 19 - 21, 2000 Program i Sunday, November 19, 2000; 1630 - 2100 Put up posters in APS Office Building Gallery Monday Morning, November 20, 2000 700 - 900 Breakfast at the hotel; Poster set up in APS Office Building Gallery 900 Start of meeting - APS Office Building - E1100 and E1200 Department of Energy, Office of Science, Chemical 900 - 905 Edelstein, Norman Welcome and Introductions Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division Department of Energy, Office The View of Heavy Element of Science, Chemical 905 - 930 Smith, Paul Chemistry from DOE, Sciences, Geosciences and Washington Biosciences Division 930 Short presentations - Oral session I - APS Office Building - E1100 and E1200 Gas Phase GAS-PHASE ACTINIDE ION Oak Ridge National 930 Gibson, John P1-1 CHEMISTRY Laboratory Chemistry Department, SUPERHEAVY ELEMENT University of California, CHEMISTRY STUDIES AT Berkeley, Nuclear Science 940 Nitsche, H. P1-2 THE BERKELEY GAS- Division, The Glenn T. FILLED SEPARATOR Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ii Solid State STRUCTURAL RELATIONSHIPS AND Dorhout, Peter UNIQUE ASPECTS OF Department of Chemistry, 950 P1-3 K. ACTINIDE Colorado State University CHALCOPHOSPHATE MATERIALS: Th, U, Pu. SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATIONS OF Oak Ridge National 1000 Assefa, Z. P1-4 ACTINIDES IN THE SOLID Laboratory STATE SYNTHESIS AND PHOTOPHYSICS OF HEAVY Chemistry Division, Argonne 1010 Beitz, J. V. P1-5 ELEMENT-CONTAINING National Laboratory NANOPHASES ACTINIDE CHEMISTRY UNDER NEAR-NEUTRAL Los Alamos National 1020 Dewey, H. -
Baden-Württemberg/ India
Consulate General of India Munich ***** General and Bilateral Brief- Baden-Württemberg/ India Baden-Württemberg located in Germany’s Southwest side, lies at the very heart of Europe and shares borders with two other European countries – France, Switzerland and three German States – Rhineland Palatinate, Hesse and Bavaria. In terms of both its area and population size, Baden- Württemberg is the third biggest among the 16 German States. The state population is 11 million. It is the third largest in Germany after North-Rhine Westphalia (17.93 million) and Bavaria (13.07 million) and is larger than individual population of 15 as many as other member states of the EU. (For more detail: Annexure – 1 & 2). Salient Features of Baden-Württemberg Geography: Baden-Württemberg with an area of 35,751 sqkm is characterized by a distinct landscape. In the West, the scenery is characterized by the Black Forest and the Rhine Plain, in the South by Lake Constance and the ridge of the Alps, in the East by the Swabian Alb hills, and in the North by the Hohenloh plain and the uplands of the Kraichgau region. Forest makes up around 40 per cent of Baden-Württemberg’s total area. People: The people of Baden-Württemberg are known for their innovative spirit and industriousness which largely compensates them for lack of natural resources in BW. Their skills and expertise, commitment to industry, science, education, culture have transformed South west Germany into one of the world’s most successful regions. The total foreign population of Baden-Württemberg is over 1.6 million (11%), making Baden- Württemberg one of the most immigrant-rich of Germany’s flatland states. -
Landeszentrale Für Politische Bildung Baden-Württemberg, Director: Lothar Frick 6Th Fully Revised Edition, Stuttgart 2008
BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG A Portrait of the German Southwest 6th fully revised edition 2008 Publishing details Reinhold Weber and Iris Häuser (editors): Baden-Württemberg – A Portrait of the German Southwest, published by the Landeszentrale für politische Bildung Baden-Württemberg, Director: Lothar Frick 6th fully revised edition, Stuttgart 2008. Stafflenbergstraße 38 Co-authors: 70184 Stuttgart Hans-Georg Wehling www.lpb-bw.de Dorothea Urban Please send orders to: Konrad Pflug Fax: +49 (0)711 / 164099-77 Oliver Turecek [email protected] Editorial deadline: 1 July, 2008 Design: Studio für Mediendesign, Rottenburg am Neckar, Many thanks to: www.8421medien.de Printed by: PFITZER Druck und Medien e. K., Renningen, www.pfitzer.de Landesvermessungsamt Title photo: Manfred Grohe, Kirchentellinsfurt Baden-Württemberg Translation: proverb oHG, Stuttgart, www.proverb.de EDITORIAL Baden-Württemberg is an international state – The publication is intended for a broad pub- in many respects: it has mutual political, lic: schoolchildren, trainees and students, em- economic and cultural ties to various regions ployed persons, people involved in society and around the world. Millions of guests visit our politics, visitors and guests to our state – in state every year – schoolchildren, students, short, for anyone interested in Baden-Würt- businessmen, scientists, journalists and numer- temberg looking for concise, reliable informa- ous tourists. A key job of the State Agency for tion on the southwest of Germany. Civic Education (Landeszentrale für politische Bildung Baden-Württemberg, LpB) is to inform Our thanks go out to everyone who has made people about the history of as well as the poli- a special contribution to ensuring that this tics and society in Baden-Württemberg. -
Baden-Württemberg Exchange Program
Baden-Württemberg Exchange Program Baden-Württemberg Exchange Program offers doctoral students the opportunity to spend up to one year at one of the top institutions of higher education in southern Germany. The participating institutions include: • University of Freiburg (http://www.uni-freiburg.de/) • University of Heidelberg (https://www.uni-heidelberg.de/index_e.html) • University of Hohenheim (https://www.uni-hohenheim.de/en) • Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (http://www.kit.edu/english/) • University of Konstanz (https://www.uni-konstanz.de/en/) • University of Mannheim (https://www.uni-mannheim.de/en/) • University of Stuttgart (https://www.uni-stuttgart.de/en/index.html) • University of Tübingen (https://uni-tuebingen.de/en/) • Ulm University (https://www.uni-ulm.de/en/) The exchange program offers many attractive features: • An opportunity to conduct research or study at no tuition cost to Yale doctoral students at the German institutions, as well as easily collaborate with German faculty and students • If interested, taking a German language course or a substantial language program (depending on the length of the exchange) to familiarize students with German culture and customs • A generous scholarship from the Baden-Württemberg Foundation (900 Euros/month) which makes the program affordable (additional funding may be available through MacMillan Center) • Flexible length of the exchange: semester, year or summer (students must apply for at least three months of exchange) • Dormitory housing (in single rooms) with German and -
The Development of the Periodic Table and Its Consequences Citation: J
Firenze University Press www.fupress.com/substantia The Development of the Periodic Table and its Consequences Citation: J. Emsley (2019) The Devel- opment of the Periodic Table and its Consequences. Substantia 3(2) Suppl. 5: 15-27. doi: 10.13128/Substantia-297 John Emsley Copyright: © 2019 J. Emsley. This is Alameda Lodge, 23a Alameda Road, Ampthill, MK45 2LA, UK an open access, peer-reviewed article E-mail: [email protected] published by Firenze University Press (http://www.fupress.com/substantia) and distributed under the terms of the Abstract. Chemistry is fortunate among the sciences in having an icon that is instant- Creative Commons Attribution License, ly recognisable around the world: the periodic table. The United Nations has deemed which permits unrestricted use, distri- 2019 to be the International Year of the Periodic Table, in commemoration of the 150th bution, and reproduction in any medi- anniversary of the first paper in which it appeared. That had been written by a Russian um, provided the original author and chemist, Dmitri Mendeleev, and was published in May 1869. Since then, there have source are credited. been many versions of the table, but one format has come to be the most widely used Data Availability Statement: All rel- and is to be seen everywhere. The route to this preferred form of the table makes an evant data are within the paper and its interesting story. Supporting Information files. Keywords. Periodic table, Mendeleev, Newlands, Deming, Seaborg. Competing Interests: The Author(s) declare(s) no conflict of interest. INTRODUCTION There are hundreds of periodic tables but the one that is widely repro- duced has the approval of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and is shown in Fig.1. -
Ganzseitiges Foto
Sammel-Verordnung der Körperschaftsforstdirektion Karlsruhe und der Forstdirektion Karlsruhe über die Bannwälder "Franzosenbusch", "Kartoffelacker", "Greifenberg", "Reißinsel", "Rißnert", "Sautrieb" und "Teufelsries" Vom 20. August 1999 Auf Grund von § 32 Absatz 6 Landeswaldgesetz (LWaldG) in der Fassung vom 31. August 1995 (GBI. S. 685) wird verordnet: § 1 Erklärung zum Bannwald (1) Die in § 2 näher bezeichneten Bannwälder im Regierungsbezirk Karlsruhe wur-den durch Erklärung festgesetzt. Sie werden durch diese Rechtsverordnung neu ausgewiesen, ohne dass ihre Abgrenzung wesentlich verändert wird (2) Die Bannwälder führen folgende Bezeichnungen: 1. "Franzosenbusch" im Forstbezirk Schwetzingen auf dem Gebiet der Gemeinde Sandhausen, Gemarkung Sandhausen, Rhein-Neckar-Kreis; 2. "Kartoffelacker" im Forstbezirk Schwetzingen auf dem Gebiet der Gemeinde Reilingen, Gemarkung Reilingen, Rhein-Neckar-Kreis; 3. "Greifenberg" im Forstbezirk Bruchsal auf dem Gebiet der Gemeinde Östringen, Gemarkung Eichelberg, Landkreis Karlsruhe; 4. "Reißinsel" im Forstbezirk Weinheim auf dem Gebiet der Stadt Mannheim, Gemarkung Mannheim, Stadtkreis Mannheim; 5. "Rißnert" im Forstbezirk Karlsruhe auf dem Gebiet der Stadt Karlsruhe, Gemarkung Karlsruhe, Stadtkreis Karlsruhe; 6. "Sautrieb" im Forstbezirk Schwarzach auf dem Gebiet der Gemeinde Schönbrunn, Gemarkung Schönbrunn, Rhein-Neckar-Kreis; 7. "Teufelsries" im Forstbezirk Bad Rippoldsau-Schapbach auf dem Gebiet der Gemeinde Bad Rippoldsau-Schapbach, Gemarkung Rippoldsau, Landkreis Freudenstadt. § 2 Schutzgegenstand (1) Größe und Lage der Bannwälder: 1. Der Bannwald "Franzosenbusch" hat eine Größe von rd. 17 ha. Er liegt im Staatswald Schwetzingen und umfasst einen Teil der Abteilung 53 des Distriktes l "Schwetzinger Hardt". 2. Der Bannwald "Kartoffelacker" hat eine Größe von rd. 16 ha. Er liegt im Staatswald Schwetzingen und umfasst einen Teil der Abteilung 92 des Distriktes l "Schwetzinger Hardt". 3. -
Actinide Ground-State Properties-Theoretical Predictions
Actinide Ground-State Properties Theoretical predictions John M. Wills and Olle Eriksson electron-electron correlations—the electronic energy of the ground state of or nearly fifty years, the actinides interactions among the 5f electrons and solids, molecules, and atoms as a func- defied the efforts of solid-state between them and other electrons—are tional of electron density. The DFT Ftheorists to understand their expected to affect the bonding. prescription has had such a profound properties. These metals are among Low-symmetry crystal structures, impact on basic research in both the most complex of the long-lived relativistic effects, and electron- chemistry and solid-state physics that elements, and in the solid state, they electron correlations are very difficult Walter Kohn, its main inventor, was display some of the most unusual to treat in traditional electronic- one of the recipients of the 1998 behaviors of any series in the periodic structure calculations of metals and, Nobel Prize in Chemistry. table. Very low melting temperatures, until the last decade, were outside the In general, it is not possible to apply large anisotropic thermal-expansion realm of computational ability. And DFT without some approximation. coefficients, very low symmetry crystal yet, it is essential to treat these effects But many man-years of intense research structures, many solid-to-solid phase properly in order to understand the have yielded reliable approximate transitions—the list is daunting. Where physics of the actinides. Electron- expressions for the total energy in does one begin to put together an electron correlations are important in which all terms, except for a single- understanding of these elements? determining the degree to which 5f particle kinetic-energy term, can be In the last 10 years, together with electrons are localized at lattice sites. -
Baden-Württemberg Exchange Program
Baden-Württemberg Exchange Program Program Overview This program is a North Carolina Exchange program hosted by UNC Greensboro. In this unique program, North Carolina students have the chance to study at one of the Baden-Wuerttemberg Universities in Germany, and in exchange, Baden-Wuerttemberg students have the opportunity to study at one of the participating North Carolina public institutions. Program Facts Application & Eligibility Locations Program Dates *University of Mannheim (Mannheim) (Karlsruhe, Konstanz, Tübingen, and Hohenheim ) Heidelberg University (Heidelberg) Full Academic Year .................... Aug, Sept, or Oct to July *University of Hohenheim (Stuttgart) Spring .........................................Jan, Feb, or April to July *Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) (Karlsruhe) *University of Konstanz (Konstanz) Application Deadlines University of Stuttgart (Stuttgart) Fall/Academic Year ...................................... Mid-February *University of Tübingen (Tübingen) Spring ......................................................... Early October University of Ulm (Ulm) University of Freiburg *spring options Eligibility • (All but Mannheim) Minimum equivalency of two years of German Type of Program ............................................... Exchange • (Mannheim) Two years of German if taking German Program Dates classes • Must a degree-seeking student (Most Locations) • Have at least sophomore standing Full Academic Year ........................ October to September • Have at least a 2.75 cumulative GPA Spring -
The Periodic Table of the Elements
The Periodic Table of the Elements The president of the Inorganic Chemistry Division, atomic number was the same as the number of protons Gerd Rosenblatt, recognizing that the periodic table in each element. of the elements found in the “Red Book” A problem for Mendeleev’s table was the position- (Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, published in ing of the rare earth or lanthanoid* elements. These 1985) needed some updating—particularly elements elements had properties and atomic weight values above 103, including element 110 (darmstadtium)— similar to one another but that did not follow the reg- made a formal request to Norman Holden and Tyler ularities of the table. Eventually, they were placed in a Coplen to prepare an updated table. This table can be separate area below the main table. found below, on the IUPAC Web site, and as a tear-off The Danish physicist Niels Henrik David Bohr pro- on the inside back cover of this issue. posed his electronic orbital structure of the atom in 1921, which explained the problem of the rare earth by Norman Holden and Ty Coplen elements. The electrons in the outermost and the penultimate orbits are called valence electrons since generally their actions account for the valence of the he Russian chemist Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev element (i.e., electrons capable of taking part in the constructed his original periodic table in 1869 links between atoms). Chemical behavior of an ele- Tusing as its organizing principle his formulation ment depends on its valence electrons, so that when of the periodic law: if the chemical elements are only inner orbit electrons are changing from one ele- arranged in the ascending order of their atomic ment to another, there is not much difference in the weights, then at certain regular intervals (periods) chemical properties between the elements. -
ELECTRONEGATIVITY D Qkq F=
ELECTRONEGATIVITY The electronegativity of an atom is the attracting power that the nucleus has for it’s own outer electrons and those of it’s neighbours i.e. how badly it wants electrons. An atom’s electronegativity is determined by Coulomb’s Law, which states, “ the size of the force is proportional to the size of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them”. In symbols it is represented as: kq q F = 1 2 d 2 where: F = force (N) k = constant (dependent on the medium through which the force is acting) e.g. air q1 = charge on an electron (C) q2 = core charge (C) = no. of protons an outer electron sees = no. of protons – no. of inner shell electrons = main Group Number d = distance of electron from the nucleus (m) Examples of how to calculate the core charge: Sodium – Atomic number 11 Electron configuration 2.8.1 Core charge = 11 (no. of p+s) – 10 (no. of inner e-s) +1 (Group i) Chlorine – Atomic number 17 Electron configuration 2.8.7 Core charge = 17 (no. of p+s) – 10 (no. of inner e-s) +7 (Group vii) J:\Sciclunm\Resources\Year 11 Chemistry\Semester1\Notes\Atoms & The Periodic Table\Electronegativity.doc Neon holds onto its own electrons with a core charge of +8, but it can’t hold any more electrons in that shell. If it was to form bonds, the electron must go into the next shell where the core charge is zero. Group viii elements do not form any compounds under normal conditions and are therefore given no electronegativity values. -
Periodic Table of the Elements Notes
Periodic Table of the Elements Notes Arrangement of the known elements based on atomic number and chemical and physical properties. Divided into three basic categories: Metals (left side of the table) Nonmetals (right side of the table) Metalloids (touching the zig zag line) Basic Organization by: Atomic structure Atomic number Chemical and Physical Properties Uses of the Periodic Table Useful in predicting: chemical behavior of the elements trends properties of the elements Atomic Structure Review: Atoms are made of protons, electrons, and neutrons. Elements are atoms of only one type. Elements are identified by the atomic number (# of protons in nucleus). Energy Levels Review: Electrons are arranged in a region around the nucleus called an electron cloud. Energy levels are located within the cloud. At least 1 energy level and as many as 7 energy levels exist in atoms Energy Levels & Valence Electrons Energy levels hold a specific amount of electrons: 1st level = up to 2 2nd level = up to 8 3rd level = up to 8 (first 18 elements only) The electrons in the outermost level are called valence electrons. Determine reactivity - how elements will react with others to form compounds Outermost level does not usually fill completely with electrons Using the Table to Identify Valence Electrons Elements are grouped into vertical columns because they have similar properties. These are called groups or families. Groups are numbered 1-18. Group numbers can help you determine the number of valence electrons: Group 1 has 1 valence electron. Group 2 has 2 valence electrons. Groups 3–12 are transition metals and have 1 or 2 valence electrons. -
Techniques of Preparation and Crystal Chemistry of Transuranic Chalcogenides and Pnictides D
Techniques of preparation and crystal chemistry of transuranic chalcogenides and pnictides D. Damien, R. Haire, J. Peterson To cite this version: D. Damien, R. Haire, J. Peterson. Techniques of preparation and crystal chemistry of transuranic chalcogenides and pnictides. Journal de Physique Colloques, 1979, 40 (C4), pp.C4-95-C4-100. 10.1051/jphyscol:1979430. jpa-00218826 HAL Id: jpa-00218826 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/jpa-00218826 Submitted on 1 Jan 1979 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE Colloque C4, supplément au n° 4, Tome 40, avril 1979, page C4-95 Techniques of preparation and crystal chemistry of transuranic chalcogenides and pnictides (*) D. A. Damien (**), R. G. Haire and J. R. Peterson (t) Transuranium Research Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, U.S.A. Résumé. — La cristallochimie d'un certain nombre de chalcogénures et pnictures d'éléments transuraniens a été étudiée en utilisant les isotopes Am, Cm, Bk et Cf. Les composés ont été préparés par réaction directe du métal avec l'élément chalcogène ou pnictogène à température élevée. Les chalcogénures supérieurs ont été dissociés thermiquement pour donner des composés à stœchiométrie plus basse dont les sesquichalco- génures constituent la limite.