Gravel Pit Bmps and Requirements
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Alaska DEC User’s Manual ————————— BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR GRAVEL/ROCK AGGREGATE EXTRACTION PROJECTS ——————————————————————————————————————— Protecting Surface Water and Groundwater Quality in Alaska September 2012 Developed for: Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Environmental Health-Drinking Water Program and Developed by: Division of Water Shannon & Wilson, Inc. 555 Cordova Street 2355 Hill Road Anchorage, Alaska 99501 Fairbanks, Alaska 99709 Alaska DEC User’s Manual BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR GRAVEL/ROCK AGGREGATE EXTRACTION PROJECTS: PROTECTING SURFACE WATER AND GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN ALASKA September 2012 Developed by: Shannon & Wilson, Inc. 2355 Hill Road Fairbanks, Alaska 99709 For: Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Environmental Health Drinking Water Program and Division of Water 555 Cordova Street Anchorage, Alaska 99501 User’s Manual i PREFACE This document is a revision to the User’s Manual: Best Management Practices for Gravel Pits and the Protection of Surface Water Quality in Alaska, dated June 2006. Revisions were made in 2012 to provide updated information regarding permitting processes and agencies, and to address the growing need for best management practices pertaining to the protection of groundwater. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This 2012 revision of the User’s Manual is the result of the collective efforts and contributions of a number of individuals and organizations. The Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation would like to thank all of those that contributed to the development of this document. Special thanks go to the 2012 Revision Interagency Review Team: Charley Palmer, Chris Miller, Anne Gleason, and the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, Division of Environmental Health Laura Eldred, Shane Serrano, William Ashton, Jim Rypkema, and the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, Division of Water Melissa Hill, Roy Ireland, Christina Bohner, and the Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Mining, Land and Water Kristine Benson and the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities, Statewide Design and Engineering Services Special thanks also go to: Shannon & Wilson, Inc. Jaretta Roloff, David Norman, Peter Wampler, Allen Throop, Frank Schnitzer, the Washington Department of Natural Resources, and the Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Eric Wilson and the Idaho Department of Lands Ecology and Environment, Inc. Tadd Owens and the Resource Development Council for Alaska, Inc. Steve Lovs, Jim Rogers and Alaska Sand and Gravel Company, Inc. Rob Brown, Chuck Wilkes and Central Paving Products Robert Ruffner, Stephanie Sims, and the Kenai Watershed Forum Bob Millard and the City and Borough of Juneau The Kenai Peninsula Borough Eileen Probasco and the Matanuska-Susitna Borough User’s Manual ii Brian Bergman, Mark Buggins and the City and Borough of Sitka Steve Masterman, Ernie Siemoneit, Shari Howard, Jessie Reinikainen, Barry Benko and the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities Clark Cox and the Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Mining, Land and Water Misha Vakoc and the Region 10 United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Cover Photo Credits: Top photo: Used with permission of Central Paving Products, Palmer, Alaska User’s Manual iii DISCLAIMER This document is intended to be used as a general guide to assist the aggregate mining community in designing and implementing effective best management practices for protecting surface water and groundwater quality. It is not intended to be the only source of such information or to provide legal advice of any nature. Users of this document are encouraged to seek legal, technical, and engineering advice from qualified professionals who are familiar with their project area. The organizations and individuals contributing to the preparation of this document expressly disclaim any responsibility or liability for any acts or omissions taken by any party as a result of this document’s use. User’s Manual iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Purpose of the Manual...................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Organization of the Manual .............................................................................................. 1 1.3 How to Use the Manual .................................................................................................... 2 2 PERMITTING AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS ................................................... 3 2.1 APDES Multi-Sector General Permit and Other APDES Requirements ......................... 3 2.2 Excavation Dewatering General Permit ........................................................................... 4 2.3 Alaska Water Quality Criteria .......................................................................................... 4 2.4 Temporary Water Use Permit .......................................................................................... 5 2.5 Material Sales Application ............................................................................................... 5 3 DETERMINING POTENTIAL IMPACTS ........................................................................... 8 3.1 General Site Conditions ................................................................................................... 8 3.2 Alaska-Specific Conditions .............................................................................................. 9 3.3 Proximity Mapping ........................................................................................................ 10 4 GENERAL GUIDELINES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PROTECTING SURFACE WATER AND GROUNDWATER QUALITY......................................................... 11 4.1 Setbacks .......................................................................................................................... 11 4.1.1 Public Water System (PWS) Source Areas ............................................................ 11 4.1.2 Lakes, Rivers, and Streams ..................................................................................... 11 4.1.3 Groundwater and Working Below the Water Table ............................................... 12 4.2 Monitoring ...................................................................................................................... 12 4.3 Detailed Hydrogeologic Studies ..................................................................................... 13 5 HOW TO CHOOSE BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES .............................................. 15 5.1 Types of BMPs ............................................................................................................... 15 5.2 Selection Criteria ............................................................................................................ 15 5.3 General Considerations .................................................................................................. 17 5.4 Special Conditions.......................................................................................................... 17 5.5 Benefits of Best Management Practices ......................................................................... 17 6 BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR PREVENTING CHEMICAL POLLUTION 19 6.1 Pollution From Native Materials .................................................................................... 19 6.1.1 Acid Mine Drainage ................................................................................................ 19 6.1.2 Radioactive Tailings ............................................................................................... 20 6.2 Petroleum Products ........................................................................................................ 20 User’s Manual v 6.2.1 Storage and Handling .............................................................................................. 20 6.2.2 Used Oil .................................................................................................................. 21 6.2.3 Designated Equipment Maintenance Areas ............................................................ 21 6.2.4 Hazardous Material Control (HMC) ....................................................................... 21 6.2.5 Oil/Water Separators ............................................................................................... 22 6.3 Hazardous Waste ............................................................................................................ 22 7 EROSION CONTROL, SEDIMENT CONTROL, AND STORMWATER MANAGEMENT .......................................................................................................................... 23 7.1 Erosion Control .............................................................................................................. 24 7.1.1 Vegetation ............................................................................................................... 24 7.1.2 Wind Protection ...................................................................................................... 27 7.1.3 Grading ................................................................................................................... 28 7.1.4 Chemical Soil Binders ...........................................................................................