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The Absorption of Radioactive Sulphur -Labelled in Patients with Intestinal
TITLE: The absorption of Radioactive Sulphur-labelled Thiamine Hydrochloride in Control Subjects and in Patients with Intestinal Malabsorption. SHORT TITI : A test for the Absorption of Thiamine in Man AUTHOR: A.D. THOMSON DEPARTMENT: From the University Department of Therapeutics, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh. A Test for the Absorption of Thiamine in Man SUMMARY: (1) A method is described for investigating vitamin B1 absorption in man by measuring the urinary radioactivity during the 24 hours following an oral dose of radioactive 35S- thiamine which is given along with a parentergl injection of non-radioactive thiamine hydrochloride. (2) Analysis of small intestinal juice and characterisation of radioactive material in the urine indicate that the urine contains radioactive thiamine which was unchanged prior to absorption. (3) In control subjects, the major period of thiamine absorption occurred within the first 2 hours and practically all of the oral dose absorbed was excreted during the first 211. hours. (4) Eight patients with untreated primary malabsorptive disease (idiopathic steatorrhoea) showed a mean urinary excretion of radioactive thiamine sig- nificantly less than in the control group. The rate of excretion was markedly reduced but the period of maximal excretion occurred at approximately the same time as in control subjects. Thirteen patients with treated primary ma3absorp- tive disease showed no significant difference from the control group. (5) Ten patients who had undergone gastric surgery and two with resection of the terminal ileum excreted amounts which did not differ from the control group. Normal results were also found in four patients with pernicious anaemia. A Test for the Absorption of Thiamine in Man INTRODUCTION : Disease of the small intestine may cause impaired absorption of certain water -soluble vitamins. -
Benfotiamine, a Synthetic S-Acyl Thiamine Derivative, Has Different
BMC Pharmacology BioMed Central Research article Open Access Benfotiamine, a synthetic S-acyl thiamine derivative, has different mechanisms of action and a different pharmacological profile than lipid-soluble thiamine disulfide derivatives Marie-Laure Volvert1, Sandrine Seyen1, Marie Piette2, Brigitte Evrard2, Marjorie Gangolf1, Jean-Christophe Plumier1 and Lucien Bettendorff*1 Address: 1Center for Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital, 1, 4000 Liège, Belgium and 2Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital, 1, 4000 Liège, Belgium Email: Marie-Laure Volvert - [email protected]; Sandrine Seyen - [email protected]; Marie Piette - [email protected]; Brigitte Evrard - [email protected]; Marjorie Gangolf - [email protected]; Jean- Christophe Plumier - [email protected]; Lucien Bettendorff* - [email protected] * Corresponding author Published: 12 June 2008 Received: 19 December 2007 Accepted: 12 June 2008 BMC Pharmacology 2008, 8:10 doi:10.1186/1471-2210-8-10 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2210/8/10 © 2008 Volvert et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: Lipid-soluble thiamine precursors have a much higher bioavailability than genuine thiamine and therefore are more suitable for therapeutic purposes. Benfotiamine (S-benzoylthiamine O- monophosphate), an amphiphilic S-acyl thiamine derivative, prevents the progression of diabetic complications, probably by increasing tissue levels of thiamine diphosphate and so enhancing transketolase activity. -
Effects of the Red Garlic Extract for Anti-Obesity and Hypolipidemic in Obese Rats Induced High Fat Diet
ISSN : 1225-9918 Journal of Life Science 2011 Vol. 21. No. 2. 211~220 DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2011.21.2.211 Effects of the Red Garlic Extract for Anti-Obesity and Hypolipidemic in Obese Rats Induced High Fat Diet Soo-Jung Lee1, Ra-Jeong Kim1, Ji-Hyun Ryu1, Jung-Hye Shin2, Min-Jung Kang2, In-Soo Kim1 and Nak-Ju Sung1,2* 1Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea 2Namhae Garlic Research Institute, Namhae 668-812, Korea Received December 22, 2010 /Accepted February 9, 2011 This study tested the anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects of red garlic extract in obese rats induced by a high fat diet over a period of 4 weeks. Red garlic extract of 15 brix was added in 1, 3, 5 and 7% ratios in diets. The obesity index and body fat content significantly decreased in rats fed a diet with over 3% red garlic extract compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in weight of visceral and epididymal fat in rats fed red garlic extract. Total lipid and triglyceride lev- els in serum were significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner, and AI and CRF also fell. ALT and AST activities in groups fed red garlic extract were decreased compared to the control group. Total lipid level in liver tissue of the groups fed 5-7% red garlic extract exhibited a significant de- crease compared to the control group. Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in feces were sig- nificantly increased in rats fed a diet with over 5% red garlic extract. -
Benfotiaminebenfotiaminebenfotiamine by Gene Bruno, MS, MHS
SupplementScience BenfotiamineBenfotiamineBenfotiamine By Gene Bruno, MS, MHS enfotiamine is a lipid-soluble form classic deficiency disease “beriberi,” Benfotiamine for Diabetes of thiamine (vitamin B1) often characterized by:5 Benfotiamine has particularly valuable Bconsidered to be the most effec- • Peripheral neuropathy benefits to offer for individuals with dia- tive of the allithiamine group of natural- • Muscle pain and tenderness betes due to its unusual property of ly occurring, thiamine-derived com- • Rapid heart rate inhibiting three major pathways of dia- pounds, found in trace quantities in • Enlargement of the heart betes-induced vascular damage and roasted crushed garlic and other veg- • Edema (severe swelling due to neuropathy, and also having value in etables from the Allium genus (such as water retention) treating diabetic retinopathy and kidney onions, shallots and leeks). It is • Congestive heart failure damage. The three pathways include absorbed much better than water-solu- the hexosamine pathway, the advanced ble thiamine salts: maximum plasma Causes of Thiamine Deficiency glycation end product (AGE) formation levels of thiamine are about five times While thiamine deficiency is not common pathway and the diacylglycerol (DAG)- higher after benfotiamine, the bioavail- in the U.S., there are situations in which a protein kinase C (PKC) pathway.12 AGEs ability is at maximum about 3.6 times as deficiency may result from an increased are particularly nasty, so inhibition of high as that of thiamine hydrochloride requirement or excessive loss of this their formation is especially desirable. and better than other lipophilic thi- nutrient, as well as consumption of anti- amine derivates.1 thiamine factors. -
Vitamins for Health VITAMINS for HEALTH by Danielle Laflash (With References from Nutrients for Neuropathy by John A
Neuropathy Hope Hope through caring, support, research, education, and empowerment October 2015 Issue 10 A newsletter for members of Western Neuropathy Association (WNA) Volume 13 Vitamins For Health VITAMINS FOR HEALTH By Danielle LaFlash (with references from Nutrients for Neuropathy by John A. Senneff) WNA Support Groups Danielle is the incoming leader for the Redwood City Neuropathy Support Group. She has been active in the group for a while and Stan Pashote, who started the group and built it over the past years, is delighted she President’s Message is ready to take this role. Stan has been crossing the South Bay from his home in Fremont to lead this group and they will now have a leader that lives in the area. We are so appreciative of his determination to see an PN Literature Review active group on the Peninsula after a number of years of several others trying before he took the challenge. • The author (John A. Senneff) reviewed and summarized numerous clinical and laboratory studies in humans and animals. Severe Neuropathy • The emphasis in the chapter on vitamins relates only to those vitamins for which there is “credible Due To Inhalant Abuse scientific evidence that supplementation might or will provide neuropathic benefits.” In Adolescents From Pretoria Who Is This Information For? What Is the Best Way to Get Your Vitamins? Anyone who may have neurologic manifestations • Food is the best source of vitamins. Start by Food Interactions With of B vitamin deficiency. Possible symptoms include eating foods that are high in the nutrients we Medications weakness, poor balance, confusion, irritability, need. -
Novel Therapies in Acute Kidney Injury
NOVEL THERAPIES IN ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY A THESIS PRESENTED BY Dr SHOAB AHMED MEMON Registered at Bart’s and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry Queen Mary University of London, Centre for Translational Medicine & Therapeutics, The William Harvey Research Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom For The degree of Doctor of Philosophy. 1 DECLARATION: I declare that this thesis is my own work and has not been submitted in any form for another degree or diploma at any university or other institution of tertiary education. Information derived from the work of others has been acknowledged in the text and a list of references is given. 1st July 2014 ____________________________ __________________ (Signature) (Date) 2 Contents List of figures: ............................................................................................................... 7 List of Tables ................................................................................................................. 8 Units and symbols ...................................................................................................... 13 Routes of administration and statistical terms......................................................... 14 Abstract ........................................................................................................................ 15 Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................... 17 CHAPTER 1 ................................................................................................................. -
Product Monograph Myelogen
PRODUCT MONOGRAPH MYELOGEN FORTE NU (Methylcobalamin 1500 mcg + Benfotiamine 100 mg + Alpha Lipoic Acid 100 mg + Folic acid 1.5 mg + Pyridoxine Hydrochloride 3mg) For Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Manufactured By: Date of Preparation: Panacea Biotec Limited. (04 June 2019) (Address as on Package) 1 Table of Contents PART I: HEALTH PROFESSIONAL INFORMATION Page No. SUMMARY PRODUCT INFORMATION 3 INDICATIONS AND CLINICAL USE 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS 4 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS 4 ADVERSE REACTIONS 7 DRUG INTERACTIONS 11 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION 13 OVERDOSAGE 13 ACTION AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 14 STORAGE AND STABILITY 17 SPECIAL HANDLING INSTRUCTIONS 17 DOSAGE FORMS, COMPOSITION AND PACKAGING 17 PART II: SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION 18 PHARMACEUTICAL INFORMATION 18 CLINICAL TRIALS NA TOXICOLOGY NA REFERENCES 22 PART III: CONSUMER INFORMATION 23 2 MYELOGEN FORTE NU (Methylcobalamin 1500 mcg + Benfotiamine 100 mg + Alpha Lipoic Acid 100 mg + Folic acid 1.5 mg + Pyridoxine Hydrochloride 3mg) For Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy PART I: HEALTH PROFESSIONAL INFORMATION SUMMARY PRODUCT INFORMATION Route of Dosage Form / Approved Indications Administration Strength Oral One Capsule of MYELOGEN Diabetic Peripheral FORTE NU Neuropathy in Adults. contains Methylcobalamin 1500 mcg + Benfotiamine 100 mg + Alpha Lipoic Acid 100 mg + Folic acid 1.5 mg + Pyridoxine Hydrochloride 3mg 3 INDICATIONS AND CLINICAL USE Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in adults developed as a late manifestation of uncontrolled or long-standing diabetes that are treated with more than one antidiabetic drugs and significantly affects quality of life. CONTRAINDICATIONS Hypersensitivity to any of the components of formulation. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Methylcobalamin: Vitamin B12 should, if possible, not be given to patients with suspected vitamin B12 deficiency without first confirming the diagnosis. -
Sports Nutrition: Vitamins and Trace Elements, Second Edition, Judy A
Second Edition SPORTS NUTRITION Vitamins and Trace Elements © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC NUTRITION in EXERCISE and SPORT Published Titles Exercise and Disease, Ronald R. Watson and Marianne Eisinger Nutrients as Ergogenic Aids for Sports and Exercise, Luke Bucci Nutrition in Exercise and Sport, Second Edition, Ira Wolinsky and James F. Hickson, Jr. Nutrition Applied to Injury Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Luke Bucci Nutrition for the Recreational Athlete, Catherine G. Ratzin Jackson Sports Nutrition: Minerals and Electrolytes, Constance V. Kies and Judy A. Driskell Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Health in Early Life: Studies in Preschool Children, Jana Parvízková Exercise and Immune Function, Laurie Hoffman-Goetz Body Fluid Balance: Exercise and Sport, E.R. Buskirk and S. Puhl Nutrition and the Female Athlete, Jaime S. Ruud Sports Nutrition: Vitamins and Trace Elements, Ira Wolinsky and Judy A. Driskell Amino Acids and Proteins for the Athlete—The Anabolic Edge, Mauro G. DiPasquale Nutrition in Exercise and Sport, Third Edition, Ira Wolinsky Gender Differences in Metabolism: Practical and Nutritional Implications, Mark Tarnopolsky Macroelements, Water, and Electrolytes in Sports Nutrition, Judy A. Driskell and Ira Wolinsky Sports Nutrition, Judy A. Driskell Energy-Yielding Macronutrients and Energy Metabolism in Sports Nutrition, Judy A. Driskell and Ira Wolinsky © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Published Titles Continued Nutrition and Exercise Immunology, David C. Nieman and Bente Klarlund Pedersen Sports Drinks: Basic Science and Practical Aspects, Ronald Maughan and Robert Murray Nutritional Applications in Exercise and Sport, Ira Wolinsky and Judy Driskell Nutrition and the Strength Athlete, Catherine G. Ratzin Jackson Nutritional Assessment of Athletes, Judy A. -
Potency Drug List Published 8.7.2018
Potency Drug List Published 8.7.2018 Turnaround Time (in business days) # of Analytes Standard Rush* Potency (Cream/Ointment) 1--3 4 2 Potency (Cream/Ointment) 4--8 10 5 Potency (Cream/Ointment) 9+ Call for TAT NA Potency 1--3 3 1 Potency 4--8 1 day/active 2-4** Potency 9+ Call for TAT NA *For most rush testing, there is an additional $50 fee per analyte (drug) **Depending on number of analytes (drugs) TAT (single analytes) Drug Method Test Cost Note excludes creams and ointments 4-Aminophenol HPLC 3 days $150.00 4-Aminopyridine HPLC 3 days $150.00 5-Aminosalicylic Acid HPLC 3 days $150.00 5-Fluorouracil HPLC 3 days $250.00 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate HPLC 3 days $200.00 Client to provide starting material or pay for standard 7-Keto DHEA HPLC 3 days $150.00 Acebutolol HPLC 3 days $150.00 Acepromazine HPLC 3 days $150.00 Acepromazine Maleate HPLC 3 days $150.00 Acetaminophen HPLC 3 days $150.00 Acetate IC 3 days $150.00 Acetazolamide HPLC 3 days $150.00 Acetic Acid IC 3 days $150.00 Acetyl Glucosamine HPLC 3 days $150.00 Acetylcysteine HPLC 3 days $150.00 Acetyl-D-Glucosamine HPLC 3 days $150.00 Acetyl-L-Carnitine IC 3 days $150.00 Acetyl-L-Cysteine HPLC 3 days $150.00 Acetylsalicylic Acid HPLC 3 days $150.00 Acid Alcohol GC 10 days $250.00 This drug list may not include necessary consumables such as columns or standards. Client will be contacted prior to iniation of testing for approval of additional expenses. -
Lonsdale, Derrick, M.D. a Monogram of Clinical Research
As the field of nutritional medicine is developing, there is generally a lack of laboratory technology to help the hard pressed clinician in selecting diets or supplements. This book makes the provocative suggestion that the present disease model is out-moded and old-fashioned. It outlines a new model in which inappropriate oxidative metabolism is responsible for loss of efficiency in tissues. Since the nervous system is the most "oxygen hungry" tissue in the body, nervous symptoms are frequently generated as an early warning of malnutrition, especially that caused by ingestion of “empty calories”. Dr. Lonsdale uses the metabolism of vitamin B-l and the symptoms of Beri-Beri to illustrate the effect of inefficient redox, emphasizing the generic effect that this has on the hypothalamic-autonomic-endocrine axis. The biochemical lesion caused by thiamin pyrophosphate deficiency is easily measured in a clinical laboratory by measuring the activity of erythrocyte transketolase. Using a test of this nature points the way to the methodology of other cofactor deficiencies. More importantly, however, it is one method of assessing hypo-oxidative stress. This book was originally published in 1987 and, before it had a chance to become better known, most of the books were burned in a fire at the publisher’s warehouse. Its title was “A Nutritionst’s Guide to the Clinical Use of Vitamin B-1” but I have changed this title since it is really a monogram, reporting the many facets of clinical and animal research performed during my tenure at Cleveland Clinic Foundation. This centered on the surprisingly versatile activity of thiamin and its derivatives in both clinical and laboratory improvements in many different conditions. -
A Review of the Biochemistry, Metabolism and Clinical Benefits of Thiamin(E) and Its Derivatives
Advance Access Publication 1 February 2006 eCAM 2006;3(1)49–59 doi:10.1093/ecam/nek009 Review A Review of the Biochemistry, Metabolism and Clinical Benefits of Thiamin(e) and Its Derivatives Derrick Lonsdale Preventive Medicine Group, Derrick Lonsdale, 24700 Center Ridge Road, Westlake, OH 44145, USA Thiamin(e), also known as vitamin B1, is now known to play a fundamental role in energy metabolism. Its discovery followed from the original early research on the ‘anti-beriberi factor’ found in rice polish- ings. After its synthesis in 1936, it led to many years of research to find its action in treating beriberi, a lethal scourge known for thousands of years, particularly in cultures dependent on rice as a staple. This paper refers to the previously described symptomatology of beriberi, emphasizing that it differs from that in pure, experimentally induced thiamine deficiency in human subjects. Emphasis is placed on some of the more unusual manifestations of thiamine deficiency and its potential role in modern nutri- tion. Its biochemistry and pathophysiology are discussed and some of the less common conditions asso- ciated with thiamine deficiency are reviewed. An understanding of the role of thiamine in modern nutrition is crucial in the rapidly advancing knowledge applicable to Complementary Alternative Medi- cine. References are given that provide insight into the use of this vitamin in clinical conditions that are not usually associated with nutritional deficiency. The role of allithiamine and its synthetic derivatives is discussed. Thiamine plays a vital role in metabolism of glucose. Thus, emphasis is placed on the fact that ingestion of excessive simple carbohydrates automatically increases the need for this vitamin. -
Sulbutiamine 1 Sulbutiamine
Sulbutiamine 1 Sulbutiamine Sulbutiamine Systematic (IUPAC) name [4-[(4-amino-2-methyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)methyl-formyl-amino]-3-[2-[(4-amino-2-methyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)methyl-formyl-amino]-5-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)pent-2-en-3-yl]disulfanyl-pent-3-enyl] 2-methylpropanoate Clinical data Pregnancy cat. ? Legal status ? Routes Oral Pharmacokinetic data Half-life 5 hours Excretion Renal Identifiers CAS number [1] 3286-46-2 ATC code [2] A11 DA02 PubChem [3] CID 71124 ChemSpider [4] 16736830 UNII [5] 42NCM1BW43 KEGG [6] D01319 Synonyms Arcalion, bisibuthiamine, enerion, youvitan Chemical data Formula C H N O S 32 46 8 6 2 Mol. mass 702.89 g/mol SMILES [7] [8] eMolecules & PubChem [9] (what is this?) (verify) Sulbutiamine (brand name: Arcalion) is a synthetic derivative of thiamine (vitamin B ). As a dimer of two 1 modified thiamine molecules, it is a lipophilic compound that crosses the blood-brain barrier more readily than thiamine and increases the levels of thiamine and thiamine phosphate esters in the brain.[10] Sulbutiamine was Sulbutiamine 2 discovered in Japan in an effort to develop more useful thiamine derivatives since it was hoped that increasing the lipophilicity of thiamine would result in better pharmacokinetic properties.[11] Although its clinical efficacy is uncertain,[12] it is the only compound used to treat asthenia that is known to selectively target the areas that are involved in the condition.[13] In addition to its use as a treatment for chronic fatigue, sulbutiamine also appears to improve memory and erectile dysfunction. At therapeutic dosages, it has few reported adverse effects, though it may interfere with the therapeutic outcome of bipolar disorder.[14] It is available for over-the-counter sale as a nutritional supplement.