George Comer (1858-1937)
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Hope To"Solve Earth's Final Puzzle-Icy Crocker Land
HOPE TO" SOLVE EARTH'S FINAL PUZZLE-ICY CROCKER LAND Donald B. MacMillan and His Hardy Band Will Be in Wireless Touch with Civilization in Their Search for the Undis¬ Er/e277Zo J&*y»7èk. is invariably good.a tact ittOStOd b) Continent Which and Tradition their symmetrical bodies and perfect covered Theory health. Admiral Peary tella of having seen only one Ks«iulmau kllol u« all hi» Place North of Alaska and Siberia. yuan ol soso latkm oil tbem." Smith Sound was rocentl] swept by an of sad most Of the In¬ his l ¦. [«. i.i «.. smenU bj th« «¦ ¦¦. si "phleini«' typhoid, Wlf.L. the spirit of adventure ev after I'eary had reported finding habitant..about i_ men snd r*> ostaga* the land he had named after one of hi i.'i« «'tri«' Compan) In Bcheneetady, die? were tna.ie ill. It is I" II« red to have so i- that the physl it will h« a station capable ot trans* Will there ever be a time whi patrons, it »Brooklyn been brought to Smith gotind by one of u enemies bava asserted thst sli "r. milting messages al least LUV milis, and n « ii ...,II fear to go forth to face clan's the missionaries from goutta Gi«.inland. further north than Crock«r »«ml »«a of coursa «>f reeetvlag them from *m> known perils to snatch the laurel as ., th< .tire ex¬ .¦. for Taking this warning - «listan. The point «hosiii OlBtSI lame'.' only a gu« will be VSCClnsted against ty¬ The that a eontinent. or at luí¬ quarters is si the bead of riaglei Bai pedition The answer of the centuries has bei theory ol before leaving New fork, ".«1 ta ai an archipelago, must exist in that Ml m Kane Basin, on the essl eoaal phoid "Xu"' la spite of the toll of life will vacillate all th« :.-., amain is on the w irk of lJr Lsnd, This is In Isl H I doctor liuil«, men have gone forth into the ui known wast«» based Qrant .<< Hi- Unite« from lh< \>"'- upon reuching Smith BSUad. -
Dukes County Intelligencer
Journal of History of Martha’s Vineyard and the Elizabeth Islands THE DUKES COUNTY INTELLIGENCER VOL. 55, NO. 1 WINTER 2013 Left Behind: George Cleveland, George Fred Tilton & the Last Whaler to Hudson Bay Lagoon Heights Remembrances The Big One: Hurricane of ’38 Membership Dues Student ..........................................$25 Individual .....................................$55 (Does not include spouse) Family............................................$75 Sustaining ...................................$125 Patron ..........................................$250 Benefactor...................................$500 President’s Circle ......................$1000 Memberships are tax deductible. For more information on membership levels and benefits, please visit www.mvmuseum.org To Our Readers his issue of the Dukes County Intelligencer is remarkable in its diver- Tsity. Our lead story comes from frequent contributor Chris Baer, who writes a swashbuckling narrative of two of the Vineyard’s most adventur- ous, daring — and quirky — characters, George Cleveland and George Fred Tilton, whose arctic legacies continue to this day. Our second story came about when Florence Obermann Cross suggested to a gathering of old friends that they write down their childhood memories of shared summers on the Lagoon. The result is a collective recollection of cottages without electricity or water; good neighbors; artistic and intellectual inspiration; sailing, swimming and long-gone open views. This is a slice of Oak Bluffs history beyond the more well-known Cottage City and Campground stories. Finally, the Museum’s chief curator, Bonnie Stacy, has reminded us that 75 years ago the ’38 hurricane, the mother of them all, was unannounced and deadly, even here on Martha’s Vineyard. — Susan Wilson, editor THE DUKES COUNTY INTELLIGENCER VOL. 55, NO. 1 © 2013 WINTER 2013 Left Behind: George Cleveland, George Fred Tilton and the Last Whaler to Hudson Bay by Chris Baer ...................................................................................... -
Geographical Report of the Crocker Land Expedition, 1913-1917
5.083 (701) Article VL-GEOGRAPHICAL REPORT OF THE CROCKER LAND EXPEDITION, 1913-1917. BY DONALD B. MACMILLAN CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION......................................................... 379 SLEDGE TRIP ON NORTH POLAR SEA, SPRING, 1914 .......................... 384 ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS-ON NORTH POLAR SEA, 1914 ................ 401 ETAH TO POLAR SEA AND RETURN-MARCH AVERAGES .............. ........ 404 WINTER AND SPRING WORK, 1915-1916 ............. ......................... 404 SPRING WORK OF 1917 .................................... ............ 418 GENERAL SUMMARY ....................................................... 434 INTRODUCTJON The following report embraces the geographical work accomplished by the Crocker Land Expedition during -four years (Summer, 19.13, to Summer, 1917) spent at Etah, NortJaGreenland. Mr. Ekblaw, who was placed in charge of the 1916 expeditin, will present a separate report. The results of the expedition, naturally, depended upon the loca tion of its headquarters. The enforced selection of Etah, North Green- land, seriously handicapped the work of the expedition from start to finish, while the. expenses of the party were more than doubled. The. first accident, the grounding of the Diana upon the coast of Labrador, was a regrettable adventure. The consequent delay, due to unloading, chartering, and reloading, resulted in such a late arrival at Etah that our plans were disarranged. It curtailed in many ways the eageimess of the men to reach their objective point at the head of Flagler Bay, te proposed site of the winter quarters. The leader and his party being but passengers upon a chartered ship was another handicap, since the captain emphatically declared that he would not steam across Smith Sound. There was but one decision to be made, namely: to land upon the North Greenland shore within striking distance of Cape Sabine. -
IN ANTARCTICA Kathryn Yusoff Immoral Mapping In
4. CLIMATES OF SIGHT: MISTAKEN VISIBILITIES, MIRAGES AND ‘SEEING BEYOND’ IN ANTARCTICA Kathryn Yusoff Immoral mapping In 1842, the Antarctic explorer Charles Wilkes stood trial by court-martial on the charge of “immoral mapping”. Wilkes faced an indictment of “Scandalous Conduct Tending to the Destruction of Good Morals” for his designation of land on January 19th, 1840, where there was none to be found. His claim was to have “discovered a vast Antarctic continent...”. Charge VI, Specification I, read as follows: “In this, that the said Lieutenant Charles Wilkes in his report, number 63, to the Secretary of the Navy, dated March 11th, 1840, did utter a deliberate and wilful falsehood, in the following words, to wit: “on the morning of the 19th of January, we saw land to the Southward and Eastward with many indicators of being in its vicinity, such as penguins, seal and the discolouration of the water; but the impenetrable barrier of ice prevented our nearing our approach to it”.1 The proceedings of the Court-Marshall record that Wilkes had made a false entry as to the date on which he sighted “Antarctic land”.2 On September 7th, 1842, the verdict was given: dropped as not proven. Although not charged, Wilkes’ reputation and authority as a purveyor of geographical truths was ruined. Later defenders of Wilkes’ reputation claimed that his’ “immoral mapping” could be explained by recourse to the particular atmospheric phenomena of the Antarctic region. In the strange Antarctic light, Wilkes had seen a superior mirage. Before Wilkes’ ‘designation of land’, several officers had also reported seeing land, but Wilkes initially dismissed these sightings as cloud shapes, or atmospheric fictions. -
Polar Record
POLAR RECORD EDITOR; BERNARD STONEHOUSE ASSOCIATE EDITOR: KATE GORDON-ROGERS EDITORIAL COMMITTEE: T. E. ARMSTRONG, D. DREWRY, V. GALPIN C. A. HOLLAND, H. G. R. KING, C. W. M. SWITHINBANK Vol 22, No 140. May 1985 CONTENTS ARTICLES: Activities on the King George Island group, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. By R. K. Headland and P. L. Keage .... 475 Diverting Soviet rivers; some possible repercussions for the Arctic Ocean. By H. Cattle 485 The United Nations' Study on Antarctica, 1984. By P. J. Beck . 499 The Marginal Ice Zone Experiment (MIZEX) 1984; Scott Polar Research Institute participation. By P. Wadhams 505 Profile: Albert Borlase Armitage. By D. W. H. Walton . 511 NOTES: Place names on the Nordaustlandet ice caps, Svalbard. By J. A. Dowdeswell and D. J. Drewry 519 The northern sea route, 1984. By T. E. Armstrong 523 Survey of Inaccessible Island, Tristan da Cunha group. By C. P. Siddall 528 The Crimean War in the Arctic; a further note. By I. R. Stone . 531 The Falkland Islands Journal. By D. W. H. Walton .... 537 International workshop on the Antarctic Treaty System, 7-13 January 1985. By M. W. Holdgate. 538 REVIEWS: The Alaskan Beaufort Sea: ecosystems and environments. Barnes, P. W., Schell, D. M. and Reimnitz, E. (editors). (P. Wadhams) ... 540 The living tundra. Chernov, Ju. I. (R. E. Longton) .... 541 The Antarctic circumpolar ocean. Deacon, Sir G. (P. Wadhams) . 541 Extending the rafters: interdisciplinary approaches to Iroquois studies. Foster, M. K., Campisi, J. and Mithun, M. (editors). (B. Cox) 542 Australia's Antarctic policy options. Harris, S. (editor). -
Ideas, 11 | Printemps/Été 2018 Opera in the Arctic: Knud Rasmussen, Inside and Outside Modernity 2
IdeAs Idées d'Amériques 11 | Printemps/Été 2018 Modernités dans les Amériques : des avant-gardes à aujourd’hui Opera in the Arctic: Knud Rasmussen, Inside and Outside Modernity L’Opéra dans l’Arctique : Knud Rasmussen, traversées de la modernité Ópera en el Árctico: Knud Rasmussen, travesías de la modernidad Smaro Kamboureli Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/ideas/2553 DOI: 10.4000/ideas.2553 ISSN: 1950-5701 Publisher Institut des Amériques Electronic reference Smaro Kamboureli, « Opera in the Arctic: Knud Rasmussen, Inside and Outside Modernity », IdeAs [Online], 11 | Printemps/Été 2018, Online since 18 June 2018, connection on 21 April 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ideas/2553 ; DOI : 10.4000/ideas.2553 This text was automatically generated on 21 April 2019. IdeAs – Idées d’Amériques est mis à disposition selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International. Opera in the Arctic: Knud Rasmussen, Inside and Outside Modernity 1 Opera in the Arctic: Knud Rasmussen, Inside and Outside Modernity L’Opéra dans l’Arctique : Knud Rasmussen, traversées de la modernité Ópera en el Árctico: Knud Rasmussen, travesías de la modernidad Smaro Kamboureli I. Early 1920s: under western eyes 1 When Greenlander / Danish ethnographer Knud Rasmussen approached a small Padlermiut camp in what is today the Kivalliq Region of Nunavut, Canada, he was surprised to hear “a powerful gramophone struck up, and Caruso’s mighty voice [ringing] out from his tent” (Rasmussen, K., 1927: 63). It was 1922, and the Inuktitut-speaking Rasmussen was after traditional Inuit knowledge, specifically spiritual and cultural practices. -
On the Oceanography of the Nansen Sound Fiord
Fig. 1. Map of the Nansen Sound fiord system showing the location of oceanographic stations and representative soundings. Papers ON THE OCEANOGRAPHY OF THENANSEN SOUND FIORD SYSTEM Wm. L. Ford* and G. Hattersley-Smith+ Introduction HE TERM Nansen Soundfiord system isused in this paper to describe that Tconsiderable body of water locatedfor the most partabove 80' N. latitude off northwest Ellesmere Island. The main stem stretching some 210 nautical miles from the Arctic Ocean is comprised of Nansen Sound, Greely Fiord and TanquaryFiord from which nine major branches extendout from 20 to as much as60 miles (Fig. 1). While the system may belooked upon as stemming mainly from the Arctic Ocean, it does have a second connection to the outside through the 160 mile length of Eureka Sound, the northern end of which joins Nansen Sound and Greely Fiord. The first explorer to enter the region was J. B. Lockwood of the Lady Franklin Bay expedition (under A. W. Greely) who, in 1883, reached as far as the head of Greely Fiord from Archer Fiord on the eastern coast of Ellesmere Island. In 1901-02 the Second Norwegian expedition in the Fram, under Otto Sverdrup, explored much of the system from the Arctic Ocean up to and including Canon Fiord.Important work was doneby W. E. Ekblaw of the MacMillan Crocker Land expedition in 1915 when he surveyed the upper reaches of Greely and discovered Borup and Tanquary fiords. The Danish Thule and Ellesmere Land expedition1939-40 in travelled extensively in the areaadding more detailedknowledge. Before World WarI1 four other parties traversed partsof the area, but it wasnot until the establishment in 1947 of the joint US-Canadian weather station at Eureka, which serves as a base of operations, that the modern phase of scientific studies got under way. -
The University of Illinois and Arctic Studies Swedish Researcher Dr
Augustana College Augustana Digital Commons Scandinavian Studies: Faculty Scholarship & Scandinavian Studies Creative Works 5-2017 The hC anging View of the Arctic: The niU versity of Illinois and Arctic Studies Mark Safstrom Augustana College, Rock Island Illinois Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.augustana.edu/scanfaculty Part of the Scandinavian Studies Commons Augustana Digital Commons Citation Safstrom, Mark. "The hC anging View of the Arctic: The nivU ersity of Illinois and Arctic Studies" (2017). Scandinavian Studies: Faculty Scholarship & Creative Works. http://digitalcommons.augustana.edu/scanfaculty/1 This Book Chapter is brought to you for free and open access by the Scandinavian Studies at Augustana Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Scandinavian Studies: Faculty Scholarship & Creative Works by an authorized administrator of Augustana Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Connecting the United States to the Arctic OUR ARCTIC NATION A U.S. Arctic Council Chairmanship Initiative Cover Photo: Cover Photo: Hosting Arctic Council meetings during the U.S. Chairmanship gave the United States an opportunity to share the beauty of America’s Arctic state, Alaska—including this glacier ice cave near Juneau—with thousands of international visitors. Photo: David Lienemann, www. davidlienemann.com OUR ARCTIC NATION Connecting the United States to the Arctic A U.S. Arctic Council Chairmanship Initiative TABLE OF CONTENTS 01 Alabama . .2 14 Illinois . 32 02 Alaska . .4 15 Indiana . 34 03 Arizona. 10 16 Iowa . 36 04 Arkansas . 12 17 Kansas . 38 05 California. 14 18 Kentucky . 40 06 Colorado . 16 19 Louisiana. 42 07 Connecticut. 18 20 Maine . -
A Historical and Legal Study of Sovereignty in the Canadian North : Terrestrial Sovereignty, 1870–1939
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository University of Calgary Press University of Calgary Press Open Access Books 2014 A historical and legal study of sovereignty in the Canadian north : terrestrial sovereignty, 1870–1939 Smith, Gordon W. University of Calgary Press "A historical and legal study of sovereignty in the Canadian north : terrestrial sovereignty, 1870–1939", Gordon W. Smith; edited by P. Whitney Lackenbauer. University of Calgary Press, Calgary, Alberta, 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/1880/50251 book http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca A HISTORICAL AND LEGAL STUDY OF SOVEREIGNTY IN THE CANADIAN NORTH: TERRESTRIAL SOVEREIGNTY, 1870–1939 By Gordon W. Smith, Edited by P. Whitney Lackenbauer ISBN 978-1-55238-774-0 THIS BOOK IS AN OPEN ACCESS E-BOOK. It is an electronic version of a book that can be purchased in physical form through any bookseller or on-line retailer, or from our distributors. Please support this open access publication by requesting that your university purchase a print copy of this book, or by purchasing a copy yourself. If you have any questions, please contact us at ucpress@ ucalgary.ca Cover Art: The artwork on the cover of this book is not open access and falls under traditional copyright provisions; it cannot be reproduced in any way without written permission of the artists and their agents. The cover can be displayed as a complete cover image for the purposes of publicizing this work, but the artwork cannot be extracted from the context of the cover of this specificwork without breaching the artist’s copyright. -
I AMERICAN ARCTIC EXPLORATION a SOCIAL and CULTURAL
AMERICAN ARCTIC EXPLORATION A SOCIAL AND CULTURAL HISTORY, 1890-1930 A Dissertation Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY by Robert D. Lukens May 2011 Examining Committee Members: Kenneth L. Kusmer, Advisory Chair, Department of History Andrew C. Isenberg, Department of History Susan E. Klepp, Department of History Frederick E. Nelson, External Member, University of Delaware, Department of Geography i ABSTRACT The Arctic has long held power over the American imagination as a place of otherworldly beauty, life-threatening elements, and dangerous wildlife. Nearing the end of the nineteenth century, in a time of great anxiety about the direction of American society, the region took on new significance. As a new frontier, the Arctic was a place where explorers could establish a vigorous and aggressive type of American manhood through their exploits. Publications, lectures, newspaper accounts, and other media brought the stories of these explorers to those at home. Through such accounts, the stories of brave explorers counteracted the perceived softening of men and American society in general. Women played a crucial role in this process. They challenged the perceived male-only nature of the Arctic while their depiction in publications and the press contradictorily claimed that they retained their femininity. American perceptions of the Arctic were inextricably intertwined with their perceptions of the Inuit, the indigenous peoples that called the region home. In the late-nineteenth-century, Americans generally admired the Inuit as an exceptional race that embodied characteristics that were accepted in American Society as representing ideal manhood. -
Fort Conger: a Site of Arctic History in the 21St Century MARGARET M
ARCTIC VOL. 66, NO. 3 (SEPTEMBER 2013) P. 312 – 328 Fort Conger: A Site of Arctic History in the 21st Century MARGARET M. BERTULLI,1 LYLE DICK, 2 PETER C. DAWSON3 and PANIK LYNN COUSINS4 (Received 19 September 2012; accepted in revised form 15 January 2013) ABSTRACT. Fort Conger, located at Discovery Harbour in Lady Franklin Bay on northern Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, played an intrinsic role in several High Arctic expeditions between 1875 and 1935, particularly around 1900 – 10 during the height of the Race to the North Pole. Here are found the remains of historic voyages of exploration and discovery related to the 19th century expeditions of G.S. Nares and A.W. Greely, early 20th century expeditions of R.E. Peary, and forays by explorers, travelers, and government and military personnel. In the Peary era, Fort Conger’s connection with indigenous people was amplified, as most of the expedition personnel who were based there were Inughuit from Greenland, and the survival strategies of the explorers were largely derived from Inughuit material cultural and environmental expertise. The complex of shelters at Fort Conger symbolizes an evolution from the rigid application of Western knowledge, as represented in the unsuitable prefab- ricated Greely expedition house designed in the United States, towards the pragmatic adaptation of Aboriginal knowledge represented in the Inughuit-influenced shelters that still stand today. Fort Conger currently faces various threats to its longevity: degradation of wooden structures through climate and weathering, bank erosion, visitation, and inorganic contami- nation. Its early history and links with Greenlandic Inughuit have suggested that the science of heritage preservation, along with management practices of monitoring, remediation of contamination, and 3D laser scanning, should be applied to maintain the site for future generations. -
Welky on Solberg, 'Arctic Mirage: the 1913-1920 Expedition in Search of Crocker Land'
H-Environment Welky on Solberg, 'Arctic Mirage: The 1913-1920 Expedition in Search of Crocker Land' Review published on Wednesday, January 6, 2021 Winton U. Solberg. Arctic Mirage: The 1913-1920 Expedition in Search of Crocker Land. Jefferson: McFarland, 2019. Illustrations. 263 pp. $35.00 (paper), ISBN 978-1-4766-7995-2. Reviewed by David Welky (University of Central Arkansas) Published on H-Environment (January, 2021) Commissioned by Daniella McCahey (Texas Tech University) Printable Version: https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showpdf.php?id=55676 In 1913, a group of seven Americans headed north from New York City. Their mission was to find and explore Crocker Land, an unexplored island or perhaps small continent that Arctic explorer Robert Peary claimed to have seen seven years earlier. What was supposed to be a two-year expedition stretched over four years as a series of questionable decisions and naval mishaps—rescue ships kept getting locked in the Arctic ice—trapped the adventurers in northwest Greenland, among the world’s most inhospitable places. Despite its inherent suspense and gripping stories of survival, the Crocker Land Expedition soon slipped from public awareness. Leader Donald MacMillan lacked the media-friendly panache of better-known explorers, such as Peary and Richard Byrd. More damaging, the expedition’s greatest discovery was in fact a non-discovery. Rather than a new continent, the Americans found only jumbled sea ice where Peary had placed Crocker Land. Arctic Mirage's author, Winton U. Solberg, provides a sober, straightforward, and measured account of the Crocker Land Expedition and its scientific achievements.