RESEARCH ARTICLE The pre-Columbian introduction and dispersal of Algarrobo (Prosopis, Section Algarobia) in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile Virginia B. McRostie1,2,3*, Eugenia M. Gayo4,5, Calogero M. Santoro6, Ricardo De Pol- Holz5,7, Claudio Latorre2,3 1 Departamento de AntropologÂõa, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad CatoÂlica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2 EcologõÂa & Centro UC Desierto de Atacama, Facultad de Ciencias BioloÂgicas, Pontificia Universidad CatoÂlica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 3 Instituto de EcologõÂa y Biodiversidad, Santiago, Chile, a1111111111 4 Departamento de OceanografõÂa, Universidad de ConcepcioÂn, ConcepcioÂn, Chile, 5 Center for Climate and a1111111111 Resilience Research (CR)2, Santiago, Chile, 6 Instituto de Alta InvestigacioÂn, Laboratorio de ArqueologÂõa y a1111111111 Paleoambiente, Universidad de TarapacaÂ, Arica, Chile, 7 GAIA-Antartica, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta a1111111111 Arenas, Chile a1111111111 *
[email protected] Abstract OPEN ACCESS Archaeological and palaeoecological studies throughout the Americas have documented Citation: McRostie VB, Gayo EM, Santoro CM, De Pol-Holz R, Latorre C (2017) The pre-Columbian widespread landscape and environmental transformation during the pre-Columbian era. The introduction and dispersal of Algarrobo (Prosopis, highly dynamic Formative (or Neolithic) period in northern Chile (ca. 3700±1550 yr BP) Section Algarobia) in the Atacama Desert of brought about the local establishment of agriculture, introduction of new crops (maize, qui- northern Chile. PLoS ONE 12(7): e0181759. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0181759 noa, manioc, beans, etc.) along with a major population increase, new emergent villages and technological innovations. Even trees such as the Algarrobos (Prosopis section Algarobia) Editor: William J. Etges, University of Arkansas, UNITED STATES may have been part of this transformation.