DOCSLIB.ORG

Defence Forces Review 2013 Defence Forces Review 2013 Vol 10

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Colour: Cyan : Magenta : Yellow : Black Plate no. 1 Defence Forces Review 2013 Review Defence Forces Defence Forces Review 2013 Vol 10 Vol Printed by the Defence Forces Printing Press Jn12751 / Oct 2013 / 2000 www.military.ie Defence Forces Review 2013 ISSN 1649-7066 Published for the Military Authorities by the Public Relations Section at the Chief of Staff’s Branch, and printed at the Defence Forces Printing Press, Infirmary Road, Dublin 7 © Copyright in accordance with Section 56 of the Copyright Act, 1963, Section 7 of the University of Limerick Act, 1989 and Section 6 of the Dublin University Act, 1989. PREFACE Literature is always personal, always one man’s vision of the world, one man’s experience and it can only be popular when men are ready to welcome the visions of others. William Butler Yeats As Officer in Charge of the Defence Forces Public Relations Section, it is both a privilege and a pleasure to present the Defence Forces Review for 2013. This is a momentous occasion for all associated with this important Defence Forces publication as it marks the twentieth anniversary of the concept’s initial launch. Back in 1993, the compilation of articles succeeded in stimulating widespread discussion amongst its readers and fostering an already hungry appetite to broaden horizons and garner fresh opinion on a wide range of military topics. As the years progressed, the Review evolved to embrace subject matter across a broader military spectrum comprising welcome contributions from colleagues in the academic, corporate and diplomatic arenas. Currently, it serves as a forum to provide for and support continued intellectual expression, growth and debate across the wider Defence Community. May I take this opportunity to express my appreciation to the authors who contributed to this year’s Review and compliment them on their commitment and enthusiasm to their chosen topics. We live in a world where “Down Time” has never been more precious or scarce and our contributors selflessly dedicated their efforts towards the successful completion and submission of their work in the most altruistic of manners. I would like to use this occasion to congratulate the Review’s Editor, Lt Col Mark Hearns, on his masterful synthesis of topical and interesting articles. This is his fourth year as Editor and despite the increased workload associated with his daily responsibilities, he continued to commit himself to his editing role with customary flair and enthusiasm. Special mention of gratitude must also go to Comdt Dave O’Neill, his staff in the Defence Forces Printing Press and Capt Bernard Behan and his Staff in the Defence Forces Information Office for their excellent efforts in ensuring that the 2013 Review is presented efficiently to our readers. Further copies of the Review are available from the Defence Forces Public Relations Section at [email protected] or online at http://www.military.ie/info-centre/ publications/defence-forces-review Michael P. Dawson Lieutenant Colonel Officer in Charge Defence Forces Public Relations Section The material contained in these articles are the views of the authors and do not purport to represent the official views of the Defence Forces. EDITor’s noTE The Defence Forces embarked on a reorganisation in November 2012 and a Green Paper has been issued by government in advance of the publication of a new Defence White Paper in 2014. The 2013 Review offers plenty of food for thought for these transformative processes. This year’s contributions can be gathered in to four categories. The first category concerns the makeup, organisation and employment of our Defence Forces. Comdt Billy Campbell (retd) kicks off, marking the centenary of the founding of Oglaigh na hEireann with a historical piece that examines the forces that shaped the early development of the Volunteers. Comdt John Prendergast continues with a study of Irish Civil – military relations in the early years of the state and the long term impact of decisions made during this period. Comdt Owen McNally follows identifying the key variables impacting on strategy formulation and realisation and evaluates their impact on the strategic process within the Defence Forces. In the final piece in this first category, Lt Comdr Pat Burke outlines the importance of developing a common maritime picture through improved information sharing, cooperation and innovation and how this is key to overall maritime security. The next category deals with contemporary activities overseas. In the first article, James O’Shea follows up on his article from the 2012 Defence Forces Review which covered aspects of Ireland’s 2012 Chairmanship of the OSCE. In this article he outlines the work conducted by the Department of Foreign Affairs in the disputes between Georgia and its separatist regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Next Lt Col Tony Cudmore outlines how Ireland has influenced developments in the area of Common Security and Defence Policy during the EU Presidency in the first half of 2013. In the final piece in this category, Comdt Ronan Corcoran offers some insight into the force generation and training processes of the EU Battle Group, based on his experience as a staff officer at the HQ of EU BattleGroup (BG) 2012/II. The third category examines organisational processes and how they impact on the Defence Forces. In the first article Capt Barry Byrne and Professor Frank Bannister examine the concept of Knowledge Management and outline the details of an extensive study conducted in military organisations throughout 20 countries and offers a number of recommendations to improve the implementation of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) enabled information and knowledge management initiatives in defence. Capt Martin Duffy (retd) proposes an alternative way to conceptualise organisational meetings to create a collective organisational resource. Dr Anne O’Brien follows with a reframing of the scope of the discussion of the Defence Forces and social media to move it beyond merely ‘enduring the timeline’ to a ‘culture of embracement’ of the opportunities offered by this dynamic media phenomenon. Capt Andrew Barry continues with a historical review of the relationship between the military and traditional media and stresses the importance for the Defence Forces of maintaining healthy relationships with media organisations. This category concludes with an examination of humility as a component of Leadership by Lt Col Howard Berney who asserts that when authentic humility is applied by leaders within relationships, the growth in mutual trust inspires greater loyalty and collaborative effort within organisations. The final category is general in nature and begins with a piece by Lt Col Stephen Ryan examining the situation of the frequently overlooked Christian populations in the Middle East and argues that their presence in the region matters. Their declining populations should therefore be a matter of concern to all. Comdt Conor Bates follows with an analysis of security sector reform in Kosovo based on his experiences there and outlines the challenges caused by differing expectations regarding the development of the process. Lt Donal Mitchell follows with a study of insurgency and counterinsurgency theory and practice based on two critical incidents in Northern Ireland in the early 1970s. Comdt Helen Heneghan continues with an analysis of the low retention rates for senior female officers in the Defence Forces diagnosing a series of ‘push’ and ‘pull’ factors which influence their decision to retire relatively early. Finally your editor discusses the issues impacting on relationships between the military and NGOs in crisis situations and offers some food for thought with regards to establishing and maintaining mutually productive relationships. Overall in this year’s publication many important aspects of the dynamic defence environment are addressed and it is hoped that they can inform the planners and implementers of the changes that the Defence Forces are currently undergoing. The Review concludes with the abstracts from the Theses of the MA in Leadership Management and Defence Studies completed by the students of the latest (68th) Senior Command and Staff Course. If you are interested in reading a complete version of any of these research papers please contact the Defence Forces Library in the DFTC at [email protected] Finally I would like to thank Comdt Neil Nolan for his assistance in editing this years’ Review. Mark Hearns Lt Colonel TABLE OF CONTENTS Article Title Page Uneasy Bedfellows: Politics, Politicians and the Irish Volunteers 1 Comdt (Retd) Billy Campbell “History Is Not Was; History Is.” The Role of the National Army in the Early Years of the Irish Free State 11 Comdt John Prendergast The Strategy Obstacle Course in the Irish Defence Organisation 21 Comdt Owen McNally Recognising the Maritime Picture – A Cure for ‘Sea Blindness’ 33 Commander Pat Burke The Irish OSCE Chairmanship and the Aftermath of the 2008 War in Georgia 43 James C. O’Shea Ireland’s Presidency of the Council of the European Union – Supporting the Development of the Common Security and Defence Policy in 2013 53 Lt Col Tony Cudmore ‘Ready for Battle’ – The EU Battle Group as EU Force Projection 61 Comdt Ronan Corcoran Knowledge Management in Defence 71 Capt Barry Byrne and Professor Frank Bannister Not Another Meeting! 93 Martin Duffy Beyond Rules or Engagement: Social Media and the Irish Defence Forces 105 Dr Anne O’Brien The Military and the Media – Uncomfortable Bedfellows?
Recommended publications
  • America and Vietnam: the Unending War Author(S): George C. Herring Source: Foreign Affairs, Vol

    America and Vietnam: the Unending War Author(S): George C. Herring Source: Foreign Affairs, Vol

    America and Vietnam: The Unending War Author(s): George C. Herring Source: Foreign Affairs, Vol. 70, No. 5, America and the Pacific, 1941-1991 (Winter, 1991), pp. 104-119 Published by: Council on Foreign Relations Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20045006 Accessed: 04/05/2009 15:34 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=cfr. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization founded in 1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship. We work with the scholarly community to preserve their work and the materials they rely upon, and to build a common research platform that promotes the discovery and use of these resources. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Council on Foreign Relations is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Foreign Affairs. http://www.jstor.org George C.
  • Da´Il E´Ireann

    Da´Il E´Ireann

    Vol. 580 Tuesday, No. 1 17 February 2004 DI´OSPO´ IREACHTAI´ PARLAIMINTE PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES DA´ IL E´ IREANN TUAIRISC OIFIGIU´ IL—Neamhcheartaithe (OFFICIAL REPORT—Unrevised) Tuesday, 17 February 2004. Ceisteanna—Questions Taoiseach ………………………………… 1 Minister for Finance Priority Questions …………………………… 14 Other Questions …………………………… 28 Adjournment Debate Matters …………………………… 34 Leaders’ Questions ……………………………… 35 Requests to move Adjournment of Da´il under Standing Order 31 ……………… 42 Order of Business ……………………………… 43 Finance Bill 2004: Allocation of Time Motion …………………… 52 Ministerial Rota for Parliamentary Questions: Motion ………………… 53 Motor Vehicle (Duties and Licences) Bill 2004: Second Stage ……………… 54 Private Members’ Business Electronic Voting: Motion ………………………… 82 Motor Vehicle (Duties and Licences) Bill 2004: Second Stage (resumed)……………………………114 Referral to Select Committee ………………………… 139 Adjournment Debate Community Employment Schemes ……………………… 139 School Closures ……………………………… 142 Hepatitis C Incidence …………………………… 144 Social Welfare Benefits …………………………… 148 Questions: Written Answers …………………………… 153 1 2 DA´ IL E´ IREANN DI´OSPO´ IREACHTAI´ PARLAIMINTE PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES TUAIRISC OIFIGIU´ IL OFFICIAL REPORT Imleabhar 580 Volume 580 De´ Ma´irt, 17 Feabhra 2004. Tuesday, 17 February 2004. ———— Chuaigh an Ceann Comhairle i gceannas ar 2.30 p.m. ———— Paidir. Prayer. ———— Ceisteanna — Questions. 5. Mr. Rabbitte asked the Taoiseach if the Government has plans for the holding of ———— constitutional referenda during 2004; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [2892/04] Constitutional Amendments. 6. Mr. Rabbitte asked the Taoiseach the 1. Mr. Kenny asked the Taoiseach the progress made to date with regard to the constitutional referenda he intends to hold during implementation of the recommendations of the 2004; and if he will make a statement on the Oireachtas committee on the Constitution; and if matter.
  • Jerry Lembcke

    Jerry Lembcke

    THE SPITTING IMAGE THE SPITTING IMAGE MYTH, MEMORY, AND THE LEGACY OF VIETNAM Jerry Lembcke Consulting Editor: Harvey J. Kaye a New York University Press New York and London NEW YORK UNIVERSITY PRESS New York and London Copyright ᭧ 1998 by New York University All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lembcke, Jerry, 1943– The spitting image : myth, memory, and the legacy of Vietnam / Jerry Lembcke. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. ISBN 0-8147-5146-6 1. Vietnamese Conflict, 1961–1975—Veterans—United States. 2. Vietnamese Conflict, 1961–1975—Public opinion. 3. Public opinion— United States. I. Title. DS559.73.U6 L46 1998 959.704'3373—ddc21 98-9048 CIP New York University Press books are printed on acid-free paper, and their binding materials are chosen for strength and durability. Manufactured in the United States of America 10987654321 For Carolyn and Molly Del CONTENTS All illustrations appear as an insert following p. 92 Preface ix 1 Introduction: The Spitting Image 1 2 Yellow Ribbons and Spat-Upon Veterans: Making Soldiers the Means and Ends of War 11 • Reasoning about the War, 12 • Reason Abandoned: Toward War with Iraq, 16 • Against the Coalition against the War, 18 • Fighting the Vietnam Syndrome, 24 3 Dear Spiro Agnew: About Soldiers, Veterans, and the Anti-war Movement 27 • War Veterans and the Vietnam War, 29 • Veterans for Peace and the Fifth Avenue Peace Parade Committee, 30 • Veterans, Soldiers, and the Peace Movement Reach Out to One Another, 33 • Turning the Guns Around: GIs and Veterans against the War, 37 • The Moratorium Days of 1969, 44 4 The Nixon-Agnew Counteroffensive: ‘‘Good Veterans’’ vs.
  • The Cold War and Vietnam Author(S): George C

    The Cold War and Vietnam Author(S): George C

    The Cold War and Vietnam Author(s): George C. Herring Source: OAH Magazine of History, Vol. 18, No. 5, Vietnam (Oct., 2004), pp. 18-21 Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of Organization of American Historians Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25163717 Accessed: 03-11-2017 01:36 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms Organization of American Historians, Oxford University Press are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to OAH Magazine of History This content downloaded from 65.19.74.53 on Fri, 03 Nov 2017 01:36:01 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms George C. Herring The Cold War and Vietnam Tlhe cold war and the American war in Vietnam cannot be ary and military assistance to the Viet Minh, heightening U.S. con disentangled. Had it not been for the cold war, the U.S., China, cerns. Recognition of the Viet Minh by China and the Soviet Union in and the Soviet Union would not have intervened in what would early 1950 settled the matter for American officials, revealing Ho Chi likely have remained a localized anticolonial struggle in French Minh, in Secretary of State Dean Acheson's words, in his "true colors Indochina.
  • Officers of the Irish Defence Forces and Civilian Higher Education Since the 1960S

    Officers of the Irish Defence Forces and Civilian Higher Education Since the 1960S

    Socialisation, Role Theory, and Infrapolitics: Officers of the Irish Defence Forces and Civilian Higher Education since the 1960s Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy Trinity College Dublin November, 2020 Andrew Gerard Gibson Supervisor: Dr John Walsh Title: Socialisation, Role theory, and Infrapolitics: Officers of the Irish Defence Forces and Civilian Higher Education since the 1960s. Author: Andrew Gerard Gibson Abstract: The military profession has a long history, and its institutions of education have been central to the development of military officers. Questions about the higher education of officers became increasingly important in the wake of World War 2 and the changing nature of military authority and the roles that military officers would be expected to fill. In Ireland these changes became manifest in the advent of the decision in 1969 to send Army officers to university in University College Galway. Combining documentary and archival research with data generated through semi-structured interviews with 46 retired and serving officers, it adopts a conceptual frameworK of role theory combined with ideas from James C. Scott in a case study approach to examine the origins and effects of the USAC scheme for the civilian higher education of Irish military officers since 1969. It answers the question of how officers in the Defence Forces interacted with civilian higher education at undergraduate level, and how this influenced their socialisation, professional formation, and the implications of higher education for them as individuals and for their military role. Declaration I declare that this thesis has not been submitted as an exercise for a degree at this or any other university and it is entirely my own work.
  • The Fourth Siege of Limerick: Civil War, July 1922 Part 1

    The Fourth Siege of Limerick: Civil War, July 1922 Part 1

    fll2je $our@ Siege of y the authority of the Provis- deserted. They were a challenge to ional Government, Michael curiosity. The first to enter the New Brennan of Meelick, Co. Barracks were children, whose natural Clare, was given the rank of curiosity led them on a voyage of dis- Major-General with auth- the city. The first to leave were the Black covery. They were followed by their ority over all former members of the and Tans. They changed into civilian dress anxious parents, who were concerned lest Republican Army in Limerick and Clare. and left for Dublin. The month of March their children should come to harm. The As the counties of Limerick and Clare saw the last of the Royal Irish Constab- parents concern was turned to righteous formed part of the ancient kingdom of ulary. They handed in their rifles and indignation on seeing the many objects of Thomond, it was considered right and military stores to the military in the New interest which were not nailed down but proper that a Clareman with a known and Barracks. About four hundred of them left left unguarded. They felt that many such honourable record should be given this by train. They were unarmed but still in objects should be taken to their homes appointment. In the apportionment of uniform. and held in protective custody until lawful honours lesser men envy the great. In May, the Castle Barrack was taken authority demanded their return. Acting Envy was a major cause of the civil over from the Royal Welsh Fusiliers by on this laudable impulse, the parents and war.
  • A History of 119 Infantry Brigade in the Great War with Special Reference To

    A History of 119 Infantry Brigade in the Great War with Special Reference To

    The History of 119 Infantry Brigade in the Great War with Special Reference to the Command of Brigadier-General Frank Percy Crozier by Michael Anthony Taylor A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of History School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham September 2016 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract 119 Brigade, 40th Division, had an unusual origin as a ‘left-over’ brigade of the Welsh Army Corps and was the only completely bantam formation outside 35th Division. This study investigates the formation’s national identity and demonstrates that it was indeed strongly ‘Welsh’ in more than name until 1918. New data on the social background of men and officers is added to that generated by earlier studies. The examination of the brigade’s actions on the Western Front challenges the widely held belief that there was an inherent problem with this and other bantam formations. The original make-up of the brigade is compared with its later forms when new and less efficient units were introduced.
  • The Vietnam Syndrome and the Conflict in Former Yugoslavia

    The Vietnam Syndrome and the Conflict in Former Yugoslavia

    Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 1996-12 The Vietnam Syndrome and the conflict in former Yugoslavia. Burdelez, Mislav. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/31956 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS THE VIETNAM SYNDROME AND THE CONFLICT IN FORMER YUGOSLAVIA • by Mislav Burdelez December 1996 Thesis Advisor: Roman Laba Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. ' REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved O:tv!B No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average I hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washingon headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0 188) Washington DC 20503. I. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES blank) December, 1996 COVERED Master's Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS THE VIETNAM SYNDROME AND THE CONFLICT IN FORlv:IER YUGOSLAVIA 6. AUTHOR Mislav Burdelez 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING Naval Postgraduate School ORGANIZATION Monterey CA 93943-5000 REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITOR lNG AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLBAENTAR Y NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S.
  • Fort Shannon: a Case History in Anglo-Irish Cooperation During the Second World War (A Revised and Updated Version of What Appeared in the Irish Sword)

    Fort Shannon: a Case History in Anglo-Irish Cooperation During the Second World War (A Revised and Updated Version of What Appeared in the Irish Sword)

    Fort Shannon: a case history in Anglo-Irish cooperation during the second world war (A revised and updated version of what appeared in The Irish Sword) D. de Cogan and S. Swords Introduction This paper is concerned with a battery comprising two six inch guns which was constructed at Ardmore Point on the south side of the river Shannon in 1942. The fact that Ireland was a neutral country during the war raises many questions, which have yet to be answered. We were led to this study through various routes. Research into the history of communications from Ireland led to a study of meteorological reporting, particularly the weather forecasting provision at the flying-boat base at Foynes during the second world war. This in turn led to a reassessment of Anglo-Irish collaborative arrangements during this period. There was an additional interest born of the war-time reminiscences of M.F. de Cogan (hereafter designated MFdeC), as related to his son, one of the authors. He had been involved in the construction of Fort Shannon, as the battery was called. Although this was some distance down-river from Foynes it could nevertheless have provided defensive cover for this facility. It was a massive undertaking at a time when raw materials were in short supply and there was no local source of manufacture. It was therefore most likely that the guns, other equipment and infra-structure were provided by Britain, but the questions, how? and why? remain. This paper represents a first attempt to address these issues. It is not an easy task, not least because much is still shrouded in secrecy.
  • Opening Statement by Chair of the Commission One Defence Forces Joint Oireachtas Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence

    Opening Statement by Chair of the Commission One Defence Forces Joint Oireachtas Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence

    Opening Statement by Chair of the Commission one Defence Forces Joint Oireachtas Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence 20th April 2021 Thank you Chair, and members of the Joint Committee, for giving me this opportunity to meet with you today. I know I speak for all members of the Commission when I say that your invitation is very welcome. I am joined here today by Cathal Duffy, the head of the Secretariat to the Commission. I know that other members of the Commission are watching online and we are all very keen to hear the views of the members of the Joint Committee this afternoon. Meeting with this Committee is something that the Commission identified right at the outset as something that would have to be a key element of our consultation process. So, I’m genuinely very pleased to have this opportunity to hear your views this afternoon and to outline to you the work that the Commission has commenced. You will understand that I will not be in a position today to indicate any Commission findings or conclusions as our work is still at a relatively early stage. As I am sure you are all aware, the Government established the Commission in December 2020 and has asked that we report by the end of this year. In establishing the Commission, the Government appointed 15 members who bring a great range of experience and expertise in key areas, including in senior management, HR Management, security policy, public service, as well as both national and international military expertise. As Chair, I feel very fortunate to 1 have such an extensive range of skills and experience amongst my fellow members.
  • Irish Army, 1939-1945

    Irish Army, 1939-1945

    The Irish Army 1939-45 The Irish Army - Part I 1939 The Army consisted of: 6000 regulars 6000 reservists 16,000 volunteers Outbreak of war on 2 September 1939 The army had a total of 19,783 men: 7494 Regular 5066 A and B Class Reservists 7223 Volunteers British Estimate on 3 September 1939: Regular Irish Army 5 infantry battalions 1 field battery artillery 1 armoured car squadron 1 field company engineers 3 construction and maintenance companies engineers 3 signal companies 4 motor transport companies 1 horsed squadron 1 cyclist squadron 1 light artillery battery 1 anti-aircraft battery 1 tank squadron 21 armoured vehicles included: 13 Rolls Royce Armoured Cars 2 Swedish Landsverk L60 Light Tanks at the Cavalry School July 1940 the army was 25,000 strong May-June 1940 placed on war footing with: 7 battalions an anti-aircraft brigade 2 companies engineers 12 rifle battalions were to be raised to bring strength to 40,000 Local Security Force was to be raised from Gardai 1st Armoured Squadron, Irish Cavalry Corps was at The Curragh October 1940 four more regular army brigades were to be raised in Ireland Armour consisted of: 13 Rolls Royce Light Armoured Cars 16 Medium Armoured Cars Some armoured vehicles based on Ford and Dodge chassis 1st Division was located in Cork 1 2nd Division faced north 4th Field Company, Irish Corps of Engineers existed 11th Infantry Battalion was at Gormanster, County Meath on maneuvers near Boyne in December 1940 By 1942 there were 250,000 men in the Irish Army: 1st, 3rd Brigades - Cork 2nd Brigade - Reserve 5th, 6th Brigades - Carlow 9th Battalion - Waterford two reserved brigades at Trim and Kells Outbreak of War 3 September 1939 1st, 2nd Reinforced Brigades - organized and mobilized but each 30% understrength Five garrison battalions were mobilized but at strength of 270 to 540 below establishment None of the war establishment eight battalions had been organized.
  • Vote 36 Defence

    Vote 36 Defence

    Appropriation Account 2017 Vote 36 Defence 2 Vote 36 Defence Introduction As Accounting Officer for Vote 36, I am required each year to prepare the appropriation account for the Vote, and to submit the account to the Comptroller and Auditor General for audit. In accordance with this requirement, I have prepared the attached account of the amount expended in the year ended 31 December 2017 for the salaries and expenses of the Office of the Minister for Defence, including certain services administered by that Office; for the pay and expenses of the Defence Forces; and for payment of certain grants. The expenditure outturn is compared with the sums granted by Dáil Éireann under the Appropriation Act 2017, including the amount that could be used as appropriations-in-aid of expenditure for the year. A surplus of €21.37 million is liable for surrender to the Exchequer. The Statement of Accounting Policies and Principles and notes 1 to 6 form part of the account. Statement of Accounting Policies and Principles The standard accounting policies and principles for the production of appropriation accounts, as set out by Department of Public Expenditure and Reform in Circular 25 of 2017, have been applied in the preparation of the account except for the following: Stock valuation Military stocks are valued at average cost. Air Corps stocks are valued at purchase price. Departmental stocks are valued at their most recent purchase price. Military and Air Corps stocks include certain items that have been refurbished. Depreciation Military assets are depreciated to residual values at rates varying between 3% and 20% per annum using the straight line method.