DOCSLIB.ORG

40 Years of Fishery Management in the Hawaii Archipelago

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
40 Years of Fishery Management in the Hawaii Archipelago 40 Years of Fishery Management in the Hawaiʻi Archipelago Before 1976 and the FCMA Fisheries in Hawaii included foreign fleets that fished for a variety of species from seamount groundfish to black corals prior to 1976. Things changed with the introducon of the Fishery Conser- vaon and Management Act (Now Magnuson-Stevens Act or MSA) in 1976. The MSA created 8 Regional Fishery Management Councils and charged them with developing fishery management The Hawaiian Archipelago Pre‐1976 plans for conservaon, management and promoon of the naon’s fisheries. 1990 to 1999 2000 to 2009 2010 to 2016 1976 to 1989 Tunas were included as fish under MSA management and the 1996 Concerns about protected species regulate the pelagic fishery; Fisheries operate under increased pressure from more and larger Fishery Management Plans (FMPs) for lobsters, precious corals, Sustainable Fisheries Act amended MSA to include essenal fish MSA is amended again; and fisheries close in the NWHI due to the area closures, protected species migaon measures, ecosystem boomfish and seamount groundfish, and pelagic developed. habitat (EFH), bycatch and communies. proclamaon of the first marine naonal monument in 2006. consideraons and climate change concerns. Major management acons: Major management acons: 1992-Pelagic longline vessel exclusion zone Major management acons: ed Major management acons: 1986‐Boomfish and Seamount Groundfish around the MHI (50-75 nm) implemented to 2000-President Clinton establishes the 2008-Pelagic charter fishery control date 2010-Hawaii Fishery Ecosystem Plan approved; Pelagic fishery CDP eligibility requirements 1983‐Spiny Lobster FMP Developed FMP Developed 1991-Overfishing definions developed for prevent gear conflicts (Oct-Jan seasonal NWHI Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve prohib- amended; pelagic squid species added as a Minimum size limits, no-take of egg- boomfish, precious corals, crustaceans and reducon to 25 nm on windward shores of management unit implemented; Hawaii FEP CDP eligibility requirements and procedures for reviewing and Prohibit destrucve fishing techniques: ing commercial and recreaonal fishing approving plans implemented; Hancock Seamount Ecosystem Management Area established bearing females explosives, poisons, trawl nets and pelagic fisheries all MHI except Oahu); Control date for within the Reserve Preservaon Areas 2009-shallow-set longline set limit removed and moratorium extended Permit Areas boom-set gillnets 1996-MSA amended through the Sustaina- Hawaii handline fishery at seamount and 2001-Coral Reef Ecosystem FMP developed and loggerhead sea turtle hard cap in- Mandatory logbook and observers Moratorium placed on commercial ble Fisheries Act NOAA weather buoys established; tuna and transmied to NMFS creased 2011-ACLs and Accountability Measures established included as a management unit; longline Gear restricons to minimize monk seal harvest of seamount groundfish at 1999-SFA requires the idenficaon of 2002-CREFMP parally approved; NWHI Precious Corals FMP Essenal Fish Habitat, bycatch, and fishing exclusion zone applied to foreign vessels 2012-ACLs for Boomfish, Crustaceans, Precious Corals and Coral Reef Fisheries implemented interacons Hancock Seamounts regulaons rejected as being inconsistent or 2002-Gold coral harvest suspended at communies in the FMPs around the MHI 1985-Change in minimum size from Developed NWHI perming system duplicave with the NWHI CRER Makapuu Bed; Black coral minimum sizes 1993-longline gear markings required 2012-False killer whale migaon measures implemented under the Marine Mammal Protec- carapace length to tail width 1988-NWHI EEZ split into Mau and Boomfish and Seamount Groundfish FMP 2004-CRE FMP Final Rule implemented implemented; non-selecve fishing gear on Act, including the Southern Exclusion Zone and “weak” circle hooks 1994-Mandatory federal observers required 1986-Ban on lobster fishing within 20 nm Hoʻomalu Zones; Limited access system 1991‐Protected Species Study Zone 2002-Shark Finning Prohibion Act passed prohibited; minimum size restricons put on on longline vessels; VMS required for all of Laysan, all NWHI waters shallower developed for Hoʻomalu Zone with implemented 50 nm around the NWHI by Congress and amends MSA prohibing pink coral; proposed measures for the NWHI 2013-Gold Coral Moratorium extended Hawaii-based longline vessels than 10 fathoms, and all lagoons transferable permits and landing require- 1992‐Seamount groundfish moratorium at the retenon or landing of shark fins with- not approved because they were deter- 1999-Longline fishing closed by court order 2016-Boomfish EFH revised; NWHI marine naonal monument expanded to the enre EEZ 1987-Escape vents required in lobster ments; A protected species workshop is Hancock Seamount extended out their associated carcasses mined to be inconsistent with the NWHI in area north of NWHI to reduce interac- traps; slipper lobsters regulated with required 1998‐Seamount groundfish moratorium at 2003-Hawaii fishing communies amend- CRER ons with sea turtles minimum size and requirement to re- 1987‐Pelagics Fisheries FMP Developed Hancock Seamount extended; State of ment approved 2005-grandfather clause for black coral lease egg-bearing females; name change Inial Management Unit Species include Hawaii implements regulaons for the MHI Crustaceans FMP 2006-NWHI Marine Naonal Monument minimum size removed to Crustaceans FMP billfish, wahoo, mahimahi and oceanic (BRFAs, non-commercial bag limits, gear 1992-NWHI limited access program devel- declared by President Bush; commercial 2008‐Auau channel designated as a black 1983‐Precious Corals FMP Developed sharks restricons, vessel registry) oped (15 permits, minimum landing re- fishing in the NWHI within 50 miles to be coral bed with an associated quota; five- Management Areas Defined Dri gillnets prohibited and foreign 1999-Mau Zone limited entry program quirement, and maximum limit on number phased out in five years. MSA amended year moratorium placed on the harvest of Classified Known Precious Coral Beds longline fishing prohibited without a implemented (non-transferrable permits, of traps); annual harvest guideline devel- requiring Annual Catch Limits (ACLs) and gold coral oped for the fishery; a closed season from 1988-Corallium species included in man- permit or in closed areas landing requirements, protected species accountability measures Boomfish and Seamount Groundfish FMP January to June was implemented agement unit 1988-Midway Atoll Naonal Wildlife Refuge workshop, max vessel length); Community Pelagics FMP 2005-MHI EEZ boomfish control date Development Program implemented for 1994-NWHI minimum landings eliminated; designated 2000-longline area closures north of the issued; 20% of Mau Zone permits provided for CPUE target used to managed the fishery Hawaiian Islands are modified with re- 2007-Boomfish fishery in the MHI closed indigenous Hawaiian fishermen; adjusted stricons on each area; use of light scks is to address overfishing while a plan is devel- Pelagics FMP 1996-Changes made to annual harvest prohibited; line clippers and dip nets re- oped guideline; in-season adjustment procedures 1991-Federal permits and logbooks required quired 2008-A Total Allowable Catch limit is eliminated; minimum size limits and prohi- for longline fishery; 50 nm longline protect- 2001‐2006 Hawaii longline fishing re- implemented along federal non-commercial bion on harvest of egg-bearing females ed species zone around the NWHI imple- stricons and protected species migaon permits and bag limits, a closed season for eliminated due to the inability to return mented; framework for mandatory observer measures put in place including weighted deep-7 boomfish, and an established these lobsters safely to the boom without program put in place; mandatory VMS for branch lines, blue-dyed bait, strategic offal fishing year of September 1 to August 31. longline vessels in the EEZ implemented predaon discards (2002), circle hooks with mackerel Crustaceans FMP 1997-VMS required for NWHI crustacean bait (2004), set limits and 100% observer fishery 2008-deepwater shrimp added as a coverage in the shallow-set fishery (2004), management unit 1998-Bank-specific harvest guidelines and side seng (2006) implemented for Necker, Gardner Pinnacles, 2007-electronic logbook opon implement- Maro Reef, and all NWHI lobster fishing grounds combined .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1996
    Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1996. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 49, 71 p. (1997) RECORDS OF THE HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 1996 Part 2: Notes1 This is the second of 2 parts to the Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1996 and contains the notes on Hawaiian species of protists, fungi, plants, and animals includ- ing new state and island records, range extensions, and other information. Larger, more comprehensive treatments and papers describing new taxa are treated in the first part of this Records [Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 48]. Foraminifera of Hawaii: Literature Survey THOMAS A. BURCH & BEATRICE L. BURCH (Research Associates in Zoology, Hawaii Biological Survey, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, HI 96817, USA) The result of a compilation of a checklist of Foraminifera of the Hawaiian Islands is a list of 755 taxa reported in the literature below. The entire list is planned to be published as a Bishop Museum Technical Report. This list also includes other names that have been applied to Hawaiian foraminiferans. Loeblich & Tappan (1994) and Jones (1994) dis- agree about which names should be used; therefore, each is cross referenced to the other. Literature Cited Bagg, R.M., Jr. 1980. Foraminifera collected near the Hawaiian Islands by the Steamer Albatross in 1902. Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 34(1603): 113–73. Barker, R.W. 1960. Taxonomic notes on the species figured by H. B. Brady in his report on the Foraminifera dredged by HMS Challenger during the years 1873–1876. Soc. Econ. Paleontol. Mineral. Spec. Publ. 9, 239 p. Belford, D.J.
    [Show full text]
  • THE HAWAIIAN-EMPEROR VOLCANIC CHAIN Part I Geologic Evolution
    VOLCANISM IN HAWAII Chapter 1 - .-............,. THE HAWAIIAN-EMPEROR VOLCANIC CHAIN Part I Geologic Evolution By David A. Clague and G. Brent Dalrymple ABSTRACT chain, the near-fixity of the hot spot, the chemistry and timing of The Hawaiian-Emperor volcanic chain stretches nearly the eruptions from individual volcanoes, and the detailed geom­ 6,000 km across the North Pacific Ocean and consists of at least etry of volcanism. None of the geophysical hypotheses pro­ t 07 individual volcanoes with a total volume of about 1 million posed to date are fully satisfactory. However, the existence of km3• The chain is age progressive with still-active volcanoes at the Hawaiian ewell suggests that hot spots are indeed hot. In the southeast end and 80-75-Ma volcanoes at the northwest addition, both geophysical and geochemical hypotheses suggest end. The bend between the Hawaiian and .Emperor Chains that primitive undegassed mantle material ascends beneath reflects a major change in Pacific plate motion at 43.1 ± 1.4 Ma Hawaii. Petrologic models suggest that this primitive material and probably was caused by collision of the Indian subcontinent reacts with the ocean lithosphere to produce the compositional into Eurasia and the resulting reorganization of oceanic spread­ range of Hawaiian lava. ing centers and initiation of subduction zones in the western Pacific. The volcanoes of the chain were erupted onto the floor of the Pacific Ocean without regard for the age or preexisting INTRODUCTION structure of the ocean crust. Hawaiian volcanoes erupt lava of distinct chemical com­ The Hawaiian Islands; the seamounts, hanks, and islands of positions during four major stages in their evolution and the Hawaiian Ridge; and the chain of Emperor Seamounts form an growth.
    [Show full text]
  • Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Marine National Monument
    Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument Permit Application - Research OMB Control # 0648-0548 Page 1 of 19 Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument RESEARCH Permit Application NOTE: This Permit Application (and associated Instructions) are to propose activities to be conducted in the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument. The Co-Trustees are required to determine that issuing the requested permit is compatible with the findings of Presidential Proclamation 8031. Within this Application, provide all information that you believe will assist the Co-Trustees in determining how your proposed activities are compatible with the conservation and management of the natural, historic, and cultural resources of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (Monument). ADDITIONAL IMPORTANT INFORMATION: • Any or all of the information within this application may be posted to the Monument website informing the public on projects proposed to occur in the Monument. • In addition to the permit application, the Applicant must either download the Monument Compliance Information Sheet from the Monument website OR request a hard copy from the Monument Permit Coordinator (contact information below). The Monument Compliance Information Sheet must be submitted to the Monument Permit Coordinator after initial application consultation. • Issuance of a Monument permit is dependent upon the completion and review of the application and Compliance Information Sheet. INCOMPLETE APPLICATIONS WILL NOT BE CONSIDERED Send Permit Applications to: Papahānaumokuākea
    [Show full text]
  • Seamount Bathymetries
    Appendix G Seamount Bathymetries Takashi Yanagimoto National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries FRA Materials and Method • Bathymetries of Koko, Kinmei, Yuryaku, Kammu, Colahan were made from 2006 survey data (GPS position data and fish founder data (KFS3000, Kaijo Co.,)). Bathymetries of Nintoku, Jingu, Ojin, Northern Koko were made from 2007 survey data (GPS position data and echo sounder data (KFS3000, Kaijo Co.,)). No authorization will be required to use these bathymetries. • Bathymetries of the other seamounts were drawn by Marine Explorer Ver4 (Environmental Simulation Laboratory Co. Ltd, http://www.esl.co.jp/index.htm). Authorization of this company will be required to use these bathymetries. Jimmu Seamount 169°00′E 20′ 40′ 2000m 20′ 20′ No 1500m available 46°00′N 46°00′N 3D Map Depth 169°00′E 20′ 40′ Red Line: 1500m, Purple Line: 2000m 0 5 10km North bank of Suiko Seamount 170°00′E 20′ 46°00′N 46°00′N 2000m No 1500m available 40′ 40′ 3D Map 170°00′E 20′ Depth 0 5 10km Red Line: 1500m, Purple Line: 2000m South bank of Suiko Seamount 40′ 170°00′E 20′ 40′ No 40′ 40′ 1000m 1500m 2000m available 20′ 20′ 3D Map Depth 44°00′N 44°00′N Black Line: 1000m, Red Line: 1500m, 40′ 170°00′E 20′ 40′ Purple Line: 2000m 0 10 20km Showa Seamount 170°00′E 20′ 40′ 20′ 20′ No 2000m available 43°00′N 43°00′N 3D Map Depth 170°00′E 20′ 40′ Purple Line: 2000m 0 10 20km Youmei Seamount 170°00′E 20′ 40′ 40′ 40′ No 20′ 20′ available 1500m 3D Map 2000m 42°00′N 42°00′N Depth 170°00′E 20′ 40′ Red Line: 1500m, Purple Line: 2000m 0 10 20km Nintoku Seamount
    [Show full text]
  • RECORDS of the HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY for 1995 Part 2: Notes1
    RECORDS OF THE HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 1995 Part 2: Notes1 This is the second of two parts to the Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1995 and contains the notes on Hawaiian species of plants and animals including new state and island records, range extensions, and other information. Larger, more compre- hensive treatments and papers describing new taxa are treated in the first part of this Records [Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 45]. New Hawaiian Pest Plant Records for 1995 PATRICK CONANT (Hawaii Dept. of Agriculture, Plant Pest Control Branch, 1428 S King St, Honolulu, HI 96814) Fabaceae Ulex europaeus L. New island record On 6 October 1995, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife employee C. Joao submitted an unusual plant he found while work- ing in the Molokai Forest Reserve. The plant was identified as U. europaeus and con- firmed by a Hawaii Department of Agriculture (HDOA) nox-A survey of the site on 9 October revealed an infestation of ca. 19 m2 at about 457 m elevation in the Kamiloa Distr., ca. 6.2 km above Kamehameha Highway. Distribution in Wagner et al. (1990, Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai‘i, p. 716) listed as Maui and Hawaii. Material examined: MOLOKAI: Molokai Forest Reserve, 4 Dec 1995, Guy Nagai s.n. (BISH). Melastomataceae Miconia calvescens DC. New island record, range extensions On 11 October, a student submitted a leaf specimen from the Wailua Houselots area on Kauai to PPC technician A. Bell, who had the specimen confirmed by David Lorence of the National Tropical Botanical Garden as being M.
    [Show full text]
  • Telepresence-Enabled Exploration of The
    ! ! ! ! 2014 WORKSHOP TELEPRESENCE-ENABLED EXPLORATION OF THE !EASTERN PACIFIC OCEAN WHITE PAPER SUBMISSIONS ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! TABLE OF CONTENTS ! ! NORTHERN PACIFIC! Deep Hawaiian Slopes 7 Amy Baco-Taylor (Florida State University) USS Stickleback (SS-415) 9 Alexis Catsambis (Naval History and Heritage Command's Underwater Archaeology Branch) Sunken Battlefield of Midway 10 Alexis Catsambis (Naval History and Heritage Command's Underwater Archaeology Branch) Systematic Mapping of the California Continental Borderland from the Northern Channel Islands to Ensenada, Mexico 11 Jason Chaytor (USGS) Southern California Borderland 16 Marie-Helene Cormier (University of Rhode Island) Expanded Exploration of Approaches to Pearl Harbor and Seabed Impacts Off Oahu, Hawaii 20 James Delgado (NOAA ONMS Maritime Heritage Program) Gulf of the Farallones NMS Shipwrecks and Submerged Prehistoric Landscape 22 James Delgado (NOAA ONMS Maritime Heritage Program) USS Independence 24 James Delgado (NOAA ONMS Maritime Heritage Program) Battle of Midway Survey and Characterization of USS Yorktown 26 James Delgado (NOAA ONMS Maritime Heritage Program) Deep Oases: Seamounts and Food-Falls (Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary) 28 Andrew DeVogelaere (Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary) Lost Shipping Containers in the Deep: Trash, Time Capsules, Artificial Reefs, or Stepping Stones for Invasive Species? 31 Andrew DeVogelaere (Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary) Channel Islands Early Sites and Unmapped Wrecks 33 Lynn Dodd (University of Southern
    [Show full text]
  • Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument Permit Application - Research OMB Control # 0648-0548 Page 2 of 31
    Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument Permit Application - Research OMB Control # 0648-0548 Page 2 of 31 Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument Permit Application Cover Sheet This Permit Application Cover Sheet is intended to provide summary information and status to the public on permit applications for activities proposed to be conducted in the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument. While a permit application has been received, it has not been fully reviewed nor approved by the Monument Management Board to date. The Monument permit process also ensures that all environmental reviews are conducted prior to the issuance of a Monument permit. Summary Information Applicant Name: Amy Baco-Taylor Affiliation: Florida State University Permit Category: Research Proposed Activity Dates: Sept 28, 2020 -Nov 11, 2020 Proposed Method of Entry (Vessel/Plane): RV Kilo Moana Proposed Locations: Monument sites: Southeast Hancock Seamount, Acadmician Berg, Ladd, Bank 9, and Pioneer Bank. High seas sites: Koko Seamount, Yuryaku Seamount, Kammu Seamount, Colahan Seamount. Sites do not include any state waters. Estimated number of individuals (including Applicant) to be covered under this permit: 25 Estimated number of days in the Monument: 45 Description of proposed activities: (complete these sentences): a.) The proposed activity would… Despite expectations that deep-sea scleractinian reefs could not exist under the harsh carbonate chemistry conditions of the N Pacific, reefs were recently discovered in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
    [Show full text]
  • Kauai Notices Draft Environmental Assessments (1) Haleiwa Well II Exploratory Well
    The 8712 Environmental 43 Notice 5 A SEMI-MONTHLY BULLETIN OF THE OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY CONTROL JULY 23, 1998 6 Kuhio Beach Renovations The City proposes closing a lane to service vehicle turnouts. The proposed BENJAMIN J. CAYETANO automobiles along Kalakaua Avenue modifications on Kalakaua Avenue will GOVERNOR fronting Kuhio Beach Park in Waikiki. The allow additional space for sidewalk and project is planned for the roadway between landscape improvements between the OFFICE OF Kaiulani and Kapahulu Avenues. roadway and the beach. Increased green The facilities located at the western space between Kuhio Beach and Kalakaua ENVIRONMENTAL end of the beach park would be demolished Avenue would consist of grass mounds, QUALITY CONTROL and replaced with a new police substation, terraces, trees, and planting. The City GARY GILL comfort station, food concession, bike racks, claims the ocean view along Kuhio Beach DIRECTOR surfboard concession, and beach shower. will be improved by reducing paved areas Other improvements include an additional and increasing vegetative covers and sand comfort station, a new shed, beach boy beach areas. The proposed improvements concessions and water fountains. are expected to cost $13.5 million. The Environmental Notice Kalakaua Avenue between Kaiulani The project will generate short-term reviews the environmental impacts of and Kapahulu Avenues will be converted adverse impacts due to construction projects proposed in Hawaii from four lanes to three lanes with passen- activities. Construction is estimated
    [Show full text]
  • Onetouch 4.0 Scanned Documents
    "-let,"! 25 February 1997 NUMBER 49, 71 pages BISHOP MUSEUM OCCASIONAL PAPERS RECORDS OF THE HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 1996 PART 2: NOTES NEAL L. EVENHUIS AND SCOTT E. MILLER, EDITORS BISHOP MUSEUM PRESS HONOLULU Cover Illustration: Left coracoid bones of the Hawaiian Hawk, Buteo sotitarius. Fossil bone from Kauai, presumably female (left) compared with modem male bone (right) [see page Olson & James, p. 65]. Research publications of Bishop Museum are issued irregularly in the RESEARCH following active series: • Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. A series of short papers PUBLICATIONS OF describing original research in the naniral and cultural sciences. Publications containing larger, monographic works are issued in BISHOP MUSEUM four areas: • Bishop Museum Bulletins in Anthropology • Bishop Museum Bulletins in Botany • Bishop Museum Bulletins in Entomology • Bishop Museum Bulletins in Zoology Numbenng by volume of Occasionat Papers ceased witll volume 31. Each Occasional Paper now has its own individual number suiting with Numt)er 32. Each paper is separately pajinaled. The Museum also publishes Bishop Museum Technical Reporti, a series containing information relative to scholarly research and collec- tions activities. Issue is authorized by the Museum's Scientific Publications Committee, but manuscripts do not necessarily receive peer review and are not intended as formal publications. Institutions and individuals may subscribe to any of the above or pur- chase separate publications from Bishop Museum Press, 1525 Bemice Street, Honolulu, Hawai'i 96S17, USA. Phone: (808) 848-4132; fax: (808) 841-8968. Institutional libraries interested in exchanging publications should write to: Library Exchanges, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bemice Street, Honolulu, Hawai'i 96817, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Biology and Management of Deepwater Snappers of the Hawaiian Archipelago
    Biology and Management of Deepwater Snappers of the Hawaiian Archipelago Item Type article Authors Haight, Wayne R.; Kobayashi, Donald R.; Kawamoto, Kurt E. Download date 05/10/2021 21:16:26 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/26494 Biology and Management of Deepwater Snappers of the Hawaiian Archipelago WAYNE R. HAIGHT, DONALD R. KOBAYASHI, and KURT E. KAWAMOTO Introduction groupers (Serranidae), and jacks Species and Distribution s~appers Commercial exploitation of deep­ (Carangidae). However, .are The commercially important deep­ the most important group 10 the fIsh­ water snappers in Hawaii began before water snapper complex in Hawaii is ery, both by numbers and revenue. J the turn of the century (Cobb, 1903), composed of seven species of the Most of the commercially important and except for a hiatus during World lutjanid subfamily Etelinae: Pristipo­ species have a relatively high age at War II, has continued to the present. moides filamentosus (opakapaka), P. maturity, long life span, and slow The fishery operates throughout the seiboldii (kalekale), P. zona/us fa~to~s, Hawaiian archipelago, but the inhab­ growth rate. These c?mbined (gindai), Etelis carbunculus (ehu), E. with considerable varIatIOn 10 larval ited Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) ex­ coruscans (onaga), Aprion virescens recruitment, make these fishes highly perience the highest explo~tation. by (uku), and Aphareus rutilans (le~i). susceptible to overfishing. Recent evi­ both commercial and recreatIOnal fIsh­ Some commercial landings of an In­ dence suggests that some of the spe­ ermen. The uninhabited islands and troduced snapper, Lutjanus kasmira cies may be overfished, and several atolls northwest of Niihau, called the (taape), are also made, but this species others are approaching a level of con­ Northwestern Hawaiian Islands usually occurs in shallower water ~han cern l ,2 (Ralston and Polovina, 1982; (NWHI) (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Amendment 4 to the Fishery Ecosystem Plan for the Hawaii Archipelago
    Amendment 4 to the Fishery Ecosystem Plan for the Hawaii Archipelago Revised Descriptions and Identification of Essential Fish Habitat and Habitat Areas of Particular Concern for Bottomfish and Seamount Groundfish of the Hawaiian Archipelago January 28, 2016 1 Responsible Agencies The Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council was established by the Magnuson- Stevens Fishery and Conservation Management Act (MSA) to develop management plans for U.S. fisheries operating in the offshore waters around the territories of American Samoa and Guam, the State of Hawai‘i, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and the U.S. Pacific Remote Island Areas (PRIA; Palmyra Atoll, Kingman Reef, Jarvis Island, Baker Island, Howland Island, Johnston Atoll, and Wake Island). The territories, commonwealth, state, and PRIA are collectively the western Pacific Region. Once a plan is approved by the Secretary of Commerce, it is implemented as appropriate by federal regulations that are enforced by NMFS and the U.S. Coast Guard, in cooperation with state, territorial, and commonwealth agencies. For further information contact: Kitty M. Simonds Michael D. Tosatto Executive Director Regional Administrator Western Pacific Regional Fishery Pacific Islands Regional Office Management Council National Marine Fisheries Service 1164 Bishop St., Suite 1400 1845 Wasp Blvd., Bldg 176 Honolulu, HI 96813 Honolulu, HI 96818 (808) 522-8220 (808) 725-5000 List of Preparers This document was prepared by (in alphabetical order): Matt Dunlap, NMFS Pacific Islands
    [Show full text]
  • The Proposed Expansion of PMNM
    We stem Paclllc Beglanal Rsherv Management eauncll April 8, 2016 The Honorable Barack H. Obama President of the United States The White House 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, DC 20500 Dear Mr. President: On behalf of the Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council (Council), we are writing to you regarding a January 2016 request to expand the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument (PMNM) around the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI). This marine protected area (MPA) was established in 2006 by President George W. Bush. At the time, NWHI ecosystems had been managed under a suite of state and federal regulations and supported low- impact, sustainable fisqeries that supplied Hawaii with half of its local bottomfish and the majority of its local lobster. The PMNM encompasses the NWHI-a string of islands and atolls stretching 1,200 nautical miles (nm) northwest of Kauai and Niihau. With a breadth of 100 nm and length of 1,200 nm, the PMNM is the world's largest no-take MPA and accounts for virtually all of the United States' no-take MPAs. At approximately 138,000 square miles, the PMNM contains coral reef ecosystems, deep benthic habitat, seamounts, the abyssal plain, and pelagic waters of the NWHI. The boundaries of the PMNM mirror an existing protected species zone that was established by the Council in 1991 and which prohibited longline fishing in the zone. Coupled with the fishing exclusion areas established under the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act and other authorities, the Hawaii longline fishery is currently banned from 24 percent to 37 percent of the US exclusive economic zone (EEZ) around Hawaii.
    [Show full text]