Name ______Date ______

Lesson 1 Types of Waves Review

Main Ideas Read each item. Then select the letter next to the best answer.

1. Certain jets can actually fly faster than the speed of sound waves, which is approximately 760 miles per hour! When jets fly that fast, they “break the sound barrier” and create another type of wave known as a shock wave.

Which of the following best describes what happens when shock waves travel through air, given that shock waves and sound waves have similar properties? A. The air particles are moved around without transferring energy. B. The air particles and shock waves travel in perpendicular directions. C. The air particles do not return to their approximate starting positions. D. The air particles compress and expand, forming the periodic motion of a wave.

2. Earthquakes can cause damage devastating enough to wipe out entire cities. When an earthquake happens, two different types of seismic waves occur: P waves and S waves. A diagram showing how the two waves differ is provided below.

Based on the provided diagram, which of the following correctly identifies P-waves and S-waves?

A. P-waves and S-waves are both transverse waves. B. P-waves and S-waves are both longitudinal waves. C. P-waves are longitudinal waves, while S-waves are transverse waves. D. P-waves are transverse waves, while S-waves are longitudinal waves.

3. Surface waves are most commonly observed in water waves, but they can also be observed in other mediums like Earth’s crust during an earthquake.

Which of the following best describes the motion of a particle moved by a surface wave?

A. circular about a fixed position B. random and all over the place C. parallel to the wave’s direction D. perpendicular to the wave’s direction 4. Provided below is a diagram showing the motion of air particles as sound waves traveling through the air as caused by an audio speaker.

Which of the following is transferred through the sound waves shown above?

A. energy B. air particles C. both energy and air particles D. neither energy nor air particles

5. Humans aren’t the only organisms capable of “doing the wave.” When threatened, giant honey bees will momentarily arch their bodies and flick their wings. This sets off a ripple across the entire bee colony, which looks like a miniature version of “doing the wave”!

Which of the following best describes this type of behavior seen in bees? A. The bees transfer matter using this wave pulse. B. The wave pulse travels through the bees as its medium. C. This type of behavior cannot be described in terms of waves. D. The bees’ movement is similar to the motion of particles in a surface wave.

6. A student was fishing on a pier when he accidently dropped his water bottle into the ocean. He could see it floating and, not wanting to cause pollution, he decided to wait until the waves washed it to the shore. He watched a wave go by, but the bottle only moved slightly closer to the shore. He realized it was going to take a long time to get the bottle back.

Which of the following statements can be used to describe why the bottle did not move much with each wave? A. The bottle was too small to be moved by the wave. B. The water was slippery and moved past the bottle easily. C. Waves can transfer energy and matter equally, but the bottle was almost empty. D. Waves transfer energy through matter without moving the matter very far. Think Like a Scientist Read about each scientific investigation. Then answer the questions that follow the investigation by selecting the letter next to the best answer.

Investigation While at an aquarium for a field trip, a student notices a sign on each exhibit that asks guests not to tap on the glass. The student asks one of the aquarium guides why they shouldn’t tap on the glass, and the guide explains that tapping on the glass can disturb the animals. To help illustrate her point, the guide provides the student with the following data table.

7. Based on the provided data table, in which of the following substances do sound waves travel the fastest?

A. Helium B. Hydrogen C. Methanol D. Ethanol

8. Based on the provided data table, which of the following is part of the reason why guests should not tap on the glass of an exhibit?

A. Sound waves are louder in water than in air. B. Sound waves are quieter in water than in air. C. Sound waves travel faster through water than air. D. Sound waves travel slower through water than air. 9. Based on the provided data table, in which of the following substances would sound waves be predicted to travel the fastest?

A. Nitrogen gas B. Vegetable oil C. Rubbing alcohol D. Titanium metal

Expressing Science Practices, Concepts, and Ideas Read the directions for each item carefully before constructing your response.

10. There are three types of mechanical waves: transverse waves, longitudinal waves, and surface waves. In the table provided below, draw a model for each type of mechanical wave. For each of your drawings, use arrows to:

• indicate the direction(s) in which energy is transferred. • indicate the direction(s) in which particles move. 11. The producers of the Star Wars movies have hired you to make sure the next film is as scientifically accurate as possible. The producers are debating about how loud to make the explosions in scenes that take place in space. One producer claims the explosions should be very loud. He states it is the atmosphere on Earth that causes the sounds to fade with distance, and since there is no atmosphere in space, the sounds will carry much farther. A second producer claims that there would be no sound at all, as there are no particles to transfer the sound energy through space.

• In your response, describe general properties of waves. Your description should focus on the relationship between energy, matter, and waves. You must use at least 4 words

WORD BANK longitudinal wave; mechanical wave; medium; surface wave; transverse wave; wave; wave cycle; wave pulse

______