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Blickling Hall Library Conservation: Building and Environment

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Blickling Hall Library Conservation: Building and Environment BLICKLING HALL LIBRARY CONSERVATION: BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT HERITAGE DESIGN AND ACCESS STATEMENT JUNE 2018 BROADLAND DISTRICT COUNCIL 17 July 2018 20181176 PLANNING CONTROL Blickling Library – Heritage Design and Access Statement Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 2 List Description........................................................................................................................................ 4 History ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 Library Components ................................................................................................................................ 7 Statement of Significance ....................................................................................................................... 9 Investigations and Reports ................................................................................................................... 13 Heritage Impact Assessment ................................................................................................................ 16 Appendices ............................................................................................................................................ 23 1 Blickling Library – Heritage Design and Access Statement Introduction This document has been prepared in support of a Listed Building Consent application requesting consent for proposed conservation works to the building fabric and environment of the Library (Long Gallery) and Northeast Turret at Blickling Hall. The key aims of the conservation project are to conserve the building, to prevent ongoing damage to the collections, fixing the leaks, preventing mould growth, slowing the damage being caused by pest and death watch beetle and creating the right environmental conditions for temperature and humidity that the collections need. Key conservation repairs have been identified to stabilise the loss/ damage from environmental control and pests and these include the following proposals: a. Repair/replace of leaking sections of rainwater downpipes to the north wall of the library. b. Works to North End attic lintel: - Remedial repairs to brickwork structure above window bay in order to stabilise structural movement as recommended by the structural engineer Alan Wright - Carefully dismantle masonry including stone balusters to north wall bay window; strip out leadwork coverings to allow access to the outer timber lintel/structure to ascertain cause of elevated deep moisture content to timber lintels; investigate condition of lintels and - Inspection of timber lintels from below and isolate timberwork from masonry. c. Maintenance of good environmental conditions within the Library; conservation heating improvement by supplementing the existing heating system with additional heat emitters in order to even out the distribution of heat d. Introduction of insulation panels (to follow from Library Press Trial Meeting recommendations), insulation to site directly behind books within the presses to the east and west. North presses are to be temporarily moved to allow void behind to be insulated. e. Address death watch beetle (DWB) activity in the NE turret – allow drying out of the NE Turret fabric; draught seal opening casement windows and access door to upper turret floors; reinstate roof hatch; seal perimeter of the first floor turret ceiling to prevent access of beetles to the Library and allow for regular pest treatment programme; install dehumidifier to control relative humidity levels and internal environment. f. Undertake principal structural works to attic, NE turret and library interiors to stabilise structure, loss and risk. Make good and decorate on completion. g. Undertake repair works to NE turret lath and plaster ceilings. h. Undertake conservation works to the NE turret floorboards i. Exterior repairs to the NE Turret which are influencing DWB activity. ie. repointing work, holding repairs to the defective leadwork to the turret roof. j. Exterior repairs to the east ranges gable statues; stabilise, clean and sheltercoat. k. Undertake bat access works Details of investigations, trials and analysis that represent a significant body of research which have both informed and underpin the proposals are summarised in the following sections under the headings: • Environmental Survey and Monitoring of the Library and Analysis of Environmental Test Results - Final Report Dec 2016 Tobit Curtis Associates 2 Blickling Library – Heritage Design and Access Statement • Investigation of Timber Decay in the Long Gallery (Library) and North-East Turret at Blickling Hall - Feb 2016 Hutton and Rostron • Environmental Survey and Monitoring of the Library and Analysis of Environmental Test Results - Final Report Dec 2016 Tobit Curtis Associates • Investigation of Timber Decay in Attic at Blickling Hall : Aug 2016 Hutton and Rostron • Blickling Hall : Condition Report on Library Ceiling and North East Turret Ceiling and Wall - Sept 2017 Cliveden Conservation • Blickling Hall : Rooftop Statutory Survey - Dec 2017 Cliveden Conservation • Blickling Hall, Library Floor and North East Turret Visual Structural Appraisal Report - Mar 2016 Wright Consulting • Blickling Hall Library : Conservation and Environment – Conservation Repair Recommendations - Dec 2016 Caroe Architecture Limited • Blickling Library : Conservation Management Plan – June 2017 Caroe Architecture Limited 3 Blickling Library – Heritage Design and Access Statement List Description National Heritage List for England, List Entry No. 1372692 Blickling Hall (Grade I listed) is a stately home which is part of the Blickling Estate. It is located in the village of Blickling north of Aylsham in Norfolk, England and has been in the care of the National Trust since 1940. The library at Blickling Estate contains one of the most historically significant collections of manuscripts and books in England. The estate covers 4,777 acres and includes: 500 acres of woodland, 450 acres of parkland and 3,500 acres of farmland. Much of it is classified as Grade 2 and 3 agricultural land which is actively managed by the National Trust to provide income to support the house, gardens, park and woods. The estate is listed Grade II* on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens. PRINCIPAL BUILDING: Blickling Hall (listed grade I) is a moated red-brick country house with a seven- bay front and square corner turrets which stands in the south-east corner of a substantial park. It is arranged in a double courtyard, with the entrance via a bridge over the dry moat on the south front. Above the entrance porch is a painted timber-clad clock tower. Service ranges (listed grade I) flank the south drive to east and west. The west range is now (1999) used as the National Trust's Regional Office and the east range houses visitor facilities. Between 1765 and 1785 the north and west facades were remodelled, while in 1864 further alterations were made to the west front. The service ranges date from c 1620, extensively rebuilt behind their facades in the late C19. The moat has been dry since the mid C17 and from at least the 1670s has been planted as a garden. GARDENS AND GROUNDS: The gardens and pleasure grounds cover c 18ha, mainly lying to the east of the Hall. To the south is a gravelled forecourt beyond which lies the lawn and yew hedge. To the west is a small area of wild garden, with a central shell fountain. To the north, the gravel path which runs all around the outside of the moat is bordered by a lawn which extends towards the lake. On the east front lies the parterre. This garden is surrounded to east and south by retaining walls (listed grade II) topped by gravel paths and borders, and to the north by a high yew hedge beyond which lies a raised lawn with Chinese plane tree. The parterre is divided by gravel walks into areas of lawn decorated with clipped yew scrolls and topiary, and large square herbaceous beds. The whole is decorated with urns (listed grade II) and a late C16 central fountain. 4 Blickling Library – Heritage Design and Access Statement History The Blickling Estate, encompassing around 2,000 hectares (4,760 acres) consists of gently rolling wooded and arable land that adjoins the northern edge of the Norfolk market town of Aylsham. At its centre is Blickling Hall (Grade I), flanked by two service wings (Grade I). The Library is located on the first floor of the house at the northern extent of the east range. The room, as noted, was originally an early seventeenth-century Long Gallery, and is of monumental scale (37.5m long x 6.5m wide) and is enclosed by external brickwork walls. The Library was created in the 17th century during the extensive remodelling of Blickling Hall for Sir Henry Hobart, 1st Bart, the Long Gallery was furnished with one of the most elaborate and accomplished decorative plaster ceilings of its age. It is one of six Jacobean ceilings to survive within the house and by far the most sumptuous. Despite later interventions, the scale and form of the room continues to provoke the awe its 17th-century designer sought to conjure. It was re-fashioned as a Library in the mid-18th century, though it still retains the impressive scale, form, fenestration and planning of the earlier room. The books were housed within classical bookcases created exclusively
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