Churchill The Beveridge Report What state was Britain in in 1945? Why did Labour win the election of 1945? On 10th May 1940, Winston One of the first acts of the new The election in 1945 was the first to Many of the new Labour cabinet Churchill was appointed Prime Labour government, led by Clement be held in Britain since a decade were already household names Minister. He hated Nazism and had Attlee, was to investigate the state before. The Conservatives had an having being part of Churchill’s War spoken out against it during the of the British welfare state and what aggressive campaign and attacked Coalition. Attlee himself had been 1930s. Churchill provided the improvements could be made. the Labour party. The public Churchill’s deputy. Evacuation strong leadership the people William Beveridge identified “Five seemed interested in the campaign proved to be an eye-opener for needed during the war. He kept up Evil giants” that Britain urgently had and rallies and speeches attracted many people, seeing the poverty of morale with his famous speeches to address; these were Ignorance, huge audiences. The result was a other areas which encouraged and tours of the country. Following Want, Squalor, Disease and landslide victory which labour had change. The Beveridge Report also the war, Churchill called an election Idleness. The Labour government not expected. Churchill, the war played a key role persuading people and was heavily defeated by the passed several Acts to tackle these hero was humiliated and became that the time had now come for a Labour party. problems which the country needed Leader of the Opposition. change. to address.

The NHS Nationalisation Reactions to Labour’s reforms Were the Labour governments successful? The Beveridge Report had This is where the government takes The British Medical Association Clement Attlee and his Labour anticipated a National Health day-to-day control of the country’s (BMA) opposed the changes that administration is often ranked as Service and the National Health Act leading industries. Labour had Labour were making. They believed one of the successful of the 20th was passed in 1946. Aneurin Bevan promised this in their election that they would lose many of their century for the sheer scale of was a key figure in the founding of manifesto. Nationalisation of the private patients who would now use change and reach that it achieved. the NHS. The principles of the NHS Bank of England, coal and power, the NHS for free. They also By 1948, 93% of the population had were clear; free at the point of use, transport, iron and steel were all resented interference in their signed up to a GP. However, within including dental and optical care. carried out immediately. These profession. Doctors did not like the a year, costs had started to rise and Prescriptions were included too. were to stay in state hands until the idea of becoming government some charges were made. It is true Overall responsibilty of the system reforms of Margaret Thatcher in the employees, a compromise was that many of the changes put in lay with the Minister Of Health. 1980s. reached and the NHS was born. place by Attlee are still in place today.