70 (2): 241– 262 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2020. 2020 A revised phylogeny of nuthatches (Aves, Passeriformes, Sitta) reveals insight in intra- and interspecific diversifica- tion patterns in the Palearctic Martin Päckert 1, 2,*, Marcella Bader-Blukott 1, Berit Künzelmann 1, Yue-Hua Sun 3, Yu-Cheng Hsu 4, Christian Kehlmaier 1, Frederik Albrecht 1, Juan Carlos Illera 5 & Jochen Martens 6 1 Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen, Museum für Tierkunde, Königsbrücker Landstr. 159, 01109 Dresden, Germany — 2 Sencken- berg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany — 3 Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China — 4 Department of National Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Shou-Feng, 974 Hualien, Taiwan — 5 Research Unit of Bio- diversity (UO-CSIC-PA), Oviedo University, Campus of Mieres, Research Building, 5th Floor. C/ Gonzalo Gutiérrez Quirós, s/n, 33600 Mieres, Asturias, Spain — 6 Institut für Organismische und Molekulare Evolutionsbiologie (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany — * Corresponding author, e-mail:
[email protected] Submitted May 14, 2019. Accepted May 10, 2020. Published online at www.senckenberg.de/vertebrate-zoology on May 29, 2020. Published in print Q2/2020. Editor in charge: Uwe Fritz Abstract Nuthatches of the Holarctic and partly Indo-Malayan genus Sitta have been subject to a number of phylogenetic analyses; however, the most complete phylogenetic hypothesis to date missed several Asian species-level taxa, was based on a limited sampling, and included only one sample per species. Other recent studies were mainly focused on phylogeographic patterns of single Asian species but failed to unam- biguously resolve their phylogenetic relationships.