Insights 2019 Mains Exclusive (Social Issues)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Insights 2019 Mains Exclusive (Social Issues) Insights 2019 Mains Exclusive (Social issues) WWW.INSIGHTSONINDIA.COM WWW.INSIGHTSIAS.COM INSIGHTS 2019 MAINS EXCLUSIVE (SOCIAL ISSUES) Table of Contents ISSUES RELATED TO WOMEN .................................................................................................... 5 1. Facts for Mains ................................................................................................................................... 5 2. Niti Aayog’s ‘Strategy for New India @75’ ........................................................................................... 8 3. Maternity Benefit ............................................................................................................................... 9 4. Women Labour Force Participation ................................................................................................... 10 5. Women of lower social strata ........................................................................................................... 10 6. Women in Agriculture ....................................................................................................................... 11 7. Women in freedom struggle.............................................................................................................. 12 8. Women’s political representation in India ......................................................................................... 13 9. Contribution of contemporary women movement in women empowerment .................................... 14 10. Water Crises and Women ................................................................................................................ 14 11. Gender Equality .............................................................................................................................. 15 12. Reproductive rights of Women ........................................................................................................ 15 13. Women’s financial literacy .............................................................................................................. 16 14. Women as Jawans........................................................................................................................... 16 15. Evolution of the Role of Women in Indian Society ........................................................................... 17 16. Indian Women in the STEM Field ..................................................................................................... 19 17. India's Sex Offenders' Registry ........................................................................................................ 19 18. Educating girls can improve India’s health outcomes ....................................................................... 20 19. Women Financial Inclusion .............................................................................................................. 21 20. Women entry into Sabarimala temple ............................................................................................. 21 21. Honour Killing ................................................................................................................................. 23 ISSUES RELATED TO CHILDREN.............................................................................................. 24 1. Facts for Mains ................................................................................................................................. 24 2. Child Marriages in India .................................................................................................................... 25 3. Child Labour in India ......................................................................................................................... 26 4. Child Abuse in India .......................................................................................................................... 27 5. Child Adoption .................................................................................................................................. 27 OLD AGE .......................................................................................................................................... 28 1. Facts for Mains ................................................................................................................................. 28 2. Impact of digitization and e-governance on the aged population ....................................................... 29 ISSUES RELATED TO HEALTH .................................................................................................. 30 1. Facts for Mains ................................................................................................................................. 30 2. Healthcare Sector in India ................................................................................................................. 32 3. National Health Policy, 2017 ............................................................................................................. 33 4. Malnutrition in India: A Snapshot ...................................................................................................... 34 5. Lifestyle diseases in India .................................................................................................................. 34 6. National Annual Rural Sanitation Survey 2018-19 .............................................................................. 35 7. Achieving Zero Hunger by 2030 ......................................................................................................... 35 8. Technology in Healthcare .................................................................................................................. 36 9. International Examples ..................................................................................................................... 37 www.insightsonindia.com Page 2 www.insightsias.com https://t.me/insightsIAStips https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCpoccbCX9GEIwaiIe4HLjwA INSIGHTS 2019 MAINS EXCLUSIVE (SOCIAL ISSUES) 10. Public Health Cadre ......................................................................................................................... 37 EDUCATION ................................................................................................................................... 38 1. Facts for Mains ................................................................................................................................. 38 2. Charging of exorbitant fees in private schools ................................................................................... 39 3. Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) 2018 ................................................................................ 39 4. Government Initiatives in the area of vocational education ............................................................... 40 ISSUES RELATED TO POVERTY ............................................................................................... 41 1. Issues involved in identification of poor in India ................................................................................ 41 2. DAY-NRLM in Reducing Poverty in India ............................................................................................ 42 DISABILITY .................................................................................................................................... 43 1. Facts for Mains ................................................................................................................................. 43 2. Disabled Rights in India ..................................................................................................................... 45 CASTE RELATED ISSUES / SCS AND STS ............................................................................... 46 1. Facts for Mains ................................................................................................................................. 46 2. Untouchability in India ...................................................................................................................... 47 3. Key findings of the NCRB Report ....................................................................................................... 47 4. Creamy Layer for SC / ST ................................................................................................................... 47 URBANISATION ............................................................................................................................ 48 1. Facts for Mains ................................................................................................................................. 48 2. Air Pollution ..................................................................................................................................... 49 3. Urban Observatory ........................................................................................................................... 49 4. Municipal Solid Waste Management ................................................................................................. 50 5. Progress of Smart Cities mission ........................................................................................................ 51 GLOBALIZATION .......................................................................................................................... 52 1. Impact of globalization
Recommended publications
  • List of Sexual Harassers in Academia’ (Losha)
    the author(s) 2019 ISSN 1473-2866 (Online) ISSN 2052-1499 (Print) www.ephemerajournal.org volume 19(4): 721-743 Naming and shaming or ‘speaking truth to power’? On the ambivalences of the Indian ‘list of sexual harassers in academia’ (LoSHA) Sara Morais dos Santos Bruss abstract This paper analyzes the appearance and circulation of an anonymously crowd-sourced list of names of alleged sexual harassers in Indian left-wing academia (referred to as LoSHA). Publicized by former law student Raya Sarkar, LoSHA has led to widespread discussions on feminist strategies of exposing sexual violence and is said to have divided feminists across the country. Instead of assessing the magnitude of the problem of sexual violence, discussions centred more on the ethics of the list and its aim to ‘name and shame’. The paper attempts to answer the question, whether there is legitimacy in what has mostly been dismissed as ‘naming and shaming’ through the lens of Michel Foucault’s concept of parrhesia. Understanding Sarkar as a whistleblower and LoSHA as an act of parrhesia situates the moment within the agora of a transnational feminist #metoo movement just as it allows for a reading of LoSHA as an attempt to alter the ‘truth games’ within the organization of Indian academia. Through this framework, LoSHA becomes a way of addressing ubiquitous cultures of sexual violence, for which there seems to be a lack of language. Introduction In the wake of the Harvey Weinstein takedown and the following popularity of the #metoo campaign, numerous women* 1 have spoken up, sharing their 1 The asterisk behind gendered ascriptions refers to umbrella terms, which may include those normatively excluded from these terms.
    [Show full text]
  • Taking Action: the Desiring Subjects of Neoliberal Feminism in India
    Journal of International Women's Studies Volume 17 | Issue 1 Article 11 Jan-2016 Taking Action: The esirD ing Subjects of Neoliberal Feminism in India Hemangini Gupta Follow this and additional works at: http://vc.bridgew.edu/jiws Part of the Women's Studies Commons Recommended Citation Gupta, Hemangini (2016). Taking Action: The eD siring Subjects of Neoliberal Feminism in India. Journal of International Women's Studies, 17(1), 152-168. Available at: http://vc.bridgew.edu/jiws/vol17/iss1/11 This item is available as part of Virtual Commons, the open-access institutional repository of Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts. This journal and its contents may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. ©2016 Journal of International Women’s Studies. Taking Action: The Desiring Subjects of Neoliberal Feminism in India By Hemangini Gupta1 Abstract This paper reflects on an emergent brand of feminist activism in India that responds to everyday sexual violence against women in public. I focus specifically on the efforts of middle class women who organize through online media to conduct interventions in urban Indian public spaces. I review these recent feminist interventions and locate them within a historical review of the women’s movement in India to suggest that contemporary feminist organizing embodies and reflects India’s turn to neoliberalism in the 1990s. While neoliberal reforms have been analyzed within the terms of political economy, this paper extends existing research to consider how neoliberal subjectivities shape a new feminism.
    [Show full text]
  • Eve-Teasing and Gender Equality in the Post-Colonial Framework of India
    EVE-TEASING AND GENDER EQUALITY IN THE POST-COLONIAL FRAMEWORK OF INDIA A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Katherine Anne Montaño Good August 2007 © 2007 Katherine Anne Montaño Good ABSTRACT “Eve-teasing” is the colloquial Indian term for public sexual harassment against women that includes everything from catcalling, to physical molestation and assault. Based on the analysis of interviews this thesis explores how political and cultural perceptions of women and women’s roles during colonialism, nationalism, partition, and modern times have contributed to the present existence of Eve-teasing and its repercussions on women. In the framework of history, culture, and gender studies, the paper seeks to provide possible explanations for why men Eve-tease women. The paper also discusses the effects of Eve-teasing on women’s daily lives and the ways in which women rebel against patriarchal restrictions in order to avoid becoming victims. Furthermore, this thesis attempts to make way for further research on Eve-teasing, a subject about which there is currently very limited scholarship. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Katherine Anne Montaño Good was born and raised in Fresno, California. She had a passion for South Asian Studies at a young age and dedicated her academic career to learning about the languages and cultures of South Asia. Katherine graduated with her BA in South Asian Studies from the University of California at Berkeley with an emphasis in Hindi and Urdu languages. iii This thesis is dedicated to my friends and family, without whose support this would not have been possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Village Doctors and Vulnerable Bodies: Gender, Medicine, and Risk in North India
    Syracuse University SURFACE Dissertations - ALL SURFACE December 2018 Village Doctors and Vulnerable Bodies: Gender, Medicine, and Risk in North India Jocelyn Killmer Syracuse University Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/etd Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Killmer, Jocelyn, "Village Doctors and Vulnerable Bodies: Gender, Medicine, and Risk in North India" (2018). Dissertations - ALL. 962. https://surface.syr.edu/etd/962 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the SURFACE at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations - ALL by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT This dissertation tracks an uncommon migration: the movement of young women doctors from urban medical colleges to rural clinics in Rajasthan, North India. The ability for young women doctors to transfer their lives to a rural clinic, even for a year or two, is vital for career advancement in Rajasthan’s government health sector. Yet I found that women, over and over, rejected this opportunity, turning this urban to rural migration into a trickle rather than a flow. Through interviews, observations, and travel in urban and rural Jaipur district, I explore the meanings of urban and rural spaces as well as contested understandings of what role doctors should play in the health of the population. I found that rural spaces were discursively marked as particularly dangerous for doctors who are urban, middle-class women. First, moving to a “village of strangers” required shedding one’s protective social network and the paternalistic surveillance that accompanies it.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender Justice and Social Media Networking in India: New Frontiers in Connectedness
    The Asian Conference on Media and Mass Communication 2013 Official Conference Proceedings Osaka, Japan Gender Justice and Social Media Networking in India: New frontiers in connectedness Kaberi Chakrabart University of Calcutta, India 0039 The Asian Conference on Media and Mass Communication 2013 Official Conference Proceedings 2013 Abstract Social media emerges as the new tool/avtar for the multicultural networking in India, stimulating a new form of dialogic discourse in the space of democratic governance. It is unfolding as a space of liberation, a platform of cogitation or a site of celebration of provoking assertions and identity formation. Digitized networking, despite its economic and technological implications, is fast growing as an instrument of interrogating and/or reconfiguring traditional social-political, economic-cultural practices, identities, behaviors, norms and structures in India. The robust forms of social media networking, especially engaging the younger generation, in last few years have witnessed a new mode of citizen engagement in India, marked by a hitherto unseen celebration of power of connectedness engaging individual-citizens and groups. At the same time, it exhibits certain layers of discrimination and alienation within the deliberative-communicative space, thereby often defeating the essence of a true ‘democratic’ interconnectedness. Arguing on the above-mentioned assumptions, this paper contends that social media has played an instrumental role in provoking critical debates on gender justice, especially in the context of recent cases of physical violence against women in India. The power of social media networking as the new feedback system has been exploited by the organizations, individuals, activists, towards creating new strands of collective action in interrogating and resisting violence and redefining justice.
    [Show full text]
  • Maesy Angelina Indonesia
    g Graduate School of Development Studies Beyond the Digital: Understanding Contemporary Forms of Youth Activism - The Case of Blank Noise in Urban India A Research Paper presented by: Maesy Angelina Indonesia in partial fulfillment of the requirements for obtaining the degree of MASTERS OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Specialization: Children and Youth Studies CYS Members of the examining committee: Dr. Linda Herrera [Supervisor] Drs. Loes Keysers [Reader] The Hague, The Netherlands December, 2010 Disclaimer: This document represents part of the author‟s study programme while at the Institute of Social Studies. The views stated therein are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Institute. Inquiries: Postal address: Institute of Social Studies P.O. Box 29776 2502 LT The Hague The Netherlands Location: Kortenaerkade 12 2518 AX The Hague The Netherlands Telephone: +31 70 426 0460 Fax: +31 70 426 0799 ii Acknowledgements „Beyond the Digital‟ goes beyond a final MA research project and has become an exciting personal journey. It has been an opportunity to explore a curiosity that has been occupying my mind for years and it has allowed me to grow along with the development of the research. For that, I am grateful for many people who have facilitated my learning process. My supervisor, Linda Herrera, and my second reader Loes Keyser have sup- ported this process by equally challenging and encouraging me to think deeper and re-question my assumptions. Thank you for being genuinely interested in my research. The research, especially the field work, would not have been possible without the interest, support, and facilitation given to me by Hivos in The Hague and the Centre for Internet and Society in Bangalore.
    [Show full text]
  • Losh Sp3 P2.Pdf
    Social Epistemology Review and Reply Collective, 2014 Vol. 3, No. 3, 11-22. http://wp.me/p1Bfg0-1Kx Hashtag Feminism and Twitter Activism in India Elizabeth Losh, University of California Abstract The use of Twitter by activists protesting violence against women, particularly sexual violence, is complicated by the fact that microblogging services use hashtags to identify relevant content to their audiences. Activist communities congregate around these particular keywords, and archives that map the history and morphology of controversies in public discourse online depend on shared terminology in the metadata. It is noteworthy that trending topics are particularly likely to reference proper names. After a prominent fatal sexual attack in India, the mobilization of activists through online organizing progressed through several stages, and some users privileged #delhirapecase or delhigangrape – which protected the private identity of the victim – while others made her into a public martyr by using her proper #jyotisinghpandey. Many also used a series of pseudonyms, such as #damini or #amanat. This study focuses on the informational labor of two specific activist groups in India - - Breakthrough and Blank Noise -- and how careful hashtag use reflected their policy decisions and deliberative activities about metadata management, which is becoming an increasingly important aspect of transformative social movements that bring citizens out into the streets. The use of Twitter by activists protesting the structural oppression of women is complicated by the fact that microblogging services depend on using hashtags to identify relevant content easily for their potential audiences. Online communities form and congregate around particularly charged keywords, and often political conversations appear to be energized by this access to a shared lexicon.
    [Show full text]
  • Together, Alone? Performance, Protest and Digital Proximities in India's
    Pre-print manuscript – R Savory Fuller Together, alone? Performance, protest and digital proximities in India’s Blank Noise feminist campaign Dr Rebecca Savory Fuller School of Media and Performance, Arts University Bournemouth, Bournemouth, United Kingdom Email: [email protected] ORCiD: 0000-0002-1446-9489 This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in the International Journal of Performance Arts and Digital Media on 28 September 2019, available online: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14794713.2019.1671696 1 Pre-print manuscript – R Savory Fuller Together, alone? Performance, protest and digital proximities in India’s Blank Noise feminist campaign Abstract: This article examines the perFormative digital practices of India’s Feminist campaign group Blank Noise, with a Focus on their 2016 project #WalkAlone. The event sought to explore and challenge embodied notions oF Female saFety and visibility in night-time urban public spaces, by inviting women to walk alone in a place of their choosing between 9pm and midnight. In doing so, Blank Noise called on participants to ‘walk alone, together’, utilising digital documentation tools and media platforms to network these dispersed embodied acts. Drawing on my participation in #WalkAlone From the remote position of the UK alongside online documentation of the project, I examine how these tools established ‘digital proximities’ between participants, transForming our solitary acts into collective embodied action. I argue that Blank Noise’s project extends Butler’s notion of ‘plural perFormativity’ (2015) into a digital public sphere, by constructing a mode of embodied assembly within media spaces. Here, digital proximities between dispersed participants Forged a concerted enactment From the private and personal actions of individual women, walking on the stage of the nocturnal city.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender Portrayal in Age of Social Networking Sites: an Analytical Discussion
    Amity Journal of Media & Communication Studies (ISSN 2231 – 1033) Copyright 2018 by ASCO 2018, Vol. 8, No. 1 Amity University Rajasthan Gender Portrayal in Age of Social Networking Sites: An Analytical Discussion Dr. Debastuti Dasgupta Assistant Professor Department of Journalism and Mass Communication Adamas University, Kolkata Email: [email protected] Abstract: The relationship between gender and media is quite old. Media representations clearly highlight how different media portray gender roles in different forms. Gendered representation of media across the world revolves around the stereotypical portrayals of masculinity and femininity. Throughout history, the content of gender stereotype has changed in relation to historical changes in the relationship between men and women. Media for long is reinforcing the notion of gender stereotyping through its content. With the emergence of internet, change has been witnessed slowly but steadily in the stereotypical portrayal of gender in media content. Social media sites have been seen to allow information delivery, constant engagement and discussion of those ideas which are falling outside the existing of gendered discourse. This paper will try to delve into various aspects pertaining to gender portrayal in age of social media by surveying existing literatures. Keywords: Gender Portrayal, Gender Stereotyping, Social Media, Blogs, Facebook Introduction According to Canadian Communication Theorist, Marshal McLuhan, mass media not only gives people information and entertainment, but also affects people’s lives by shaping their opinion, attitudes and beliefs (McLuhan, 1964). It controls social life by transferring the dominant hegemonic ideology in an invisible way. In case of gender portrayal, society have established hegemony of males by institutionalizing dominance of men over women.
    [Show full text]
  • Violence Against Women and Girls in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, V Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka
    SOUTH ASIA DEVELOPMENT FORUM SOUTH ASIA DEVELOPMENT FORUM iolence against Women and Girls: Lessons from South Asia examines the prevalence and factors V associated with various types of violence against women and girls in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Girls Women iolence against V Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It analyzes the nature of violence throughout the life cycle and highlights gaps where intensive research or interventions might be undertaken. Analyses of the most recent data reveal that South Asia has the world’s highest levels of excess female child Violence against mortality and child marriage. The prevalence of intimate partner violence also remains unacceptably high, particularly for married adolescents. Reliable data are limited for other forms of violence. The number and intensity of e­orts to address violence in the region are truly impressive and yield promising practices for future action. Important challenges remain, however—particularly the need for Women and Girls more rigorous evaluation and the urgency for actors to engage across forms of violence and to more systematically involve men and boys in addressing this violence. Di­erent stakeholders have distinct roles to play if the region is to make progress in violence prevention and response, including increased funding Lessons from South Asia of programs and evaluations. On the whole, strengthening the e­ectiveness, reach, and sustainability of interventions will involve multifaceted coordination across all actors on the ground. This book o­ers evidence-based recommendations for these actors and for coordination among them. “This book makes a huge contribution to the field of violence against women and girls.
    [Show full text]
  • Global Information Society Watch 2013 Women’S Rights, Gender and Icts
    Global InformatIon SocIety Watch 2013 Women’s rights, gender and ICTs AssociAtion for Progressive communicAtions (APc) And HumAnist institute for cooPerAtion witH develoPing countries (Hivos) Global Information Society Watch 2013 Global Information Society Watch 2013 Steering committee Anriette Esterhuysen (APC) Loe Schout (Hivos) Coordinating committee Janine Moolman (APC) Monique Doppert (Hivos) Valeria Betancourt (APC) Mallory Knodel (APC) Project coordinator Valeria Betancourt Editor Alan Finlay Assistant editor Lori Nordstrom Publication production Mallory Knodel Proofreading Valerie Dee Lori Nordstrom Graphic design Monocromo [email protected] Phone: +598 2400 1685 Cover illustration Matías Bervejillo Financial support provided by Humanist Institute for Cooperation with Developing Countries (Hivos) Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands Funding Leadership and Opportunities for Women (FLOW) Global Information Society Watch Published by APC and Hivos 2013 Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Licence ‹creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0› Some rights reserved. ISSN: 2225-4625 ISBN: 978-92-95102-06-4 APC-201310-CIPP-R-EN-DIGITAL-197 Table of contents Preface . 6 Institutional overview Edwin Huizing executive director, hivos Whose internet is it anyway? Shaping Anriette Esterhuysen the internet – feminist voices in governance executive director, apc decision making . 55 Heike Jensen Introduction: The online terrain for women’s rights. 7 Whose internet is it anyway? Shaping Joanne Sandler the internet – women’s voices i n governance gender at work decision making in the Middle East and North Africa. 61 Thematic reports Hanane Boujemi humanist institute for co-operation with developing countries Accessing infrastructure. 16 Mariama Deen-Swarray and Mpho Moyo Country reports research ict africa Introduction.
    [Show full text]
  • After Nirbhaya: Anti-Sexual Violence Activism and the Politics of Transnational Social Media Campaigns
    After Nirbhaya: Anti-Sexual Violence Activism and the Politics of Transnational Social Media Campaigns Ayesha Vemuri, Department of Art History and Communication Studies McGill University, Montreal June 2016 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts in Communication Studies, Graduate Option in Gender and Women Studies ©Ayesha Vemuri 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT (ENGLISH) .................................................................................................................................... 4 ABSTRACT (FRENCH) ..................................................................................................................................... 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................. 6 LIST OF IMAGES .............................................................................................................................................. 7 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 8 THE NIRBHAYA CASE: THE VICTIM’S BODY AS A SITE FOR COMPETING CLAIMS ............................. 14 The Assault ................................................................................................................................................ 14 Protests and legal reform .............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]