DOCSLIB.ORG

Swift Parrot Lathamus Discolour

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Swift Parrot Lathamus Discolour Threatened Species Strategy – Year 3 Priority Species Scorecard (2018) Swift Parrot Lathamus discolour Key Findings Swift Parrots breed in Tasmania and migrate to woodlands across south- east mainland states for the rest of the year. Population declines are due to clearing of high quality breeding and foraging habitat, as well as nest predation by Sugar Gliders and habitat degradation from altered fire regimes, timber harvesting and changing climate. Recovery efforts have focused on habitat improvement and attempts to reduce the impacts of Sugar Gliders, these are beneficial but will need to be amplified to reverse negative population trends. Photo: Dejan Stojanovic Significant trajectory change from 2005-15 to 2015-18? No, ongoing marked decline. Priority future actions • Nest boxes effectively protected against glider predation before breeding begins • Strict control on timber harvesting in both breeding and non-breeding habitats • Strict control on habitat clearance across a diversity of habitats and regions • Extensive plantings of future parrot habitat aross many parts of the species’ former range Full assessment information Background information 2018 population trajectory assessment 1. Conservation status and taxonomy 8. Expert elicitation for population 2. Conservation history and prospects trends 3. Past and current trends 9. Immediate priorities from 2019 4. Key threats 10. Contributors 5. Past and current management 11. Legislative documents 6. Support from the Australian Government 12. References 7. Measuring progress towards conservation 13. Citation The primary purpose of this scorecard is to assess progress against the year three targets outlined in the Australian Government’s Threatened Species Strategy, including estimating the change in population trajectory of 20 bird species. It has been prepared by experts from the National Environmental Science Program’s Threatened Species Recovery Hub, with input from a number of taxon experts, a range of stakeholders and staff from the Office of the Threatened Species Commissioner, for the information of the Australian Government and is non-statutory. It has been informed by statutory planning documents that guide recovery of the species, such as Recovery Plans and/or Conservation Advices (see Section 11). The descriptive information in this scorecard is drawn from Threatened Species Scientific Committee (2016) unless otherwise noted by additional citations. The background information aims to provide context for estimation of progress in research and management (Section 7) and estimation of population size and trajectories (Section 8). 1 Information current to December 2018 Threatened Species Strategy – Year 3 Priority Species Scorecard (2018) 1. Conservation status and taxonomy Conservation status 2018 Taxonomy: IUCN Critically Endangered Monotypic: no infraspecific taxa recognised. EPBC Critically Endangered ACT Vulnerable NSW Endangered QLD Endangered SA Endangered TAS Endangered VIC Threatened 2. Conservation history and prospects Swift Parrots are one of the few migratory bird species that are nomadic during both the breeding and non-breeding seasons. They nest only in Tasmania with the entire population travelling to the woodlands of mainland Australia during the non-breeding season. The relative availability of feeding and nesting habitats varies each year depending on flowering conditions within both their breeding area across eastern Tasmania (Webb et al. 2018) and their wintering area across south-eastern mainland Australia (Saunders and Heinsohn 2008). If nesting is on the Tasmanian mainland, predation by introduced sugar gliders is a major source of mortality with habitat loss increasing glider predation rates. If they nest on predator free Bruny and Maria Islands, reproductive success is very high but intermittent island nesting is insufficient to prevent extinction. Natural tree-hollows suitable for nesting, occurring largely in large trees more than 150 years old, are rare. Both timber harvesting and wildfires contribute to the loss of breeding habitat (Webb et al. 2018), with fire frequency likely to increase with climate change (Grose et al. 2014). On the mainland although the birds occur across a broad winter range, they depend on different combinations of feeding habitat each year in response to their highly variable winter-flowering habitats (Saunders and Heinsohn 2008). These habitats have been subject to such extensive clearing historically that many of their habitats are also listed as Endangered Ecological Communities. Despite a recovery program being in place for 23 years, habitats throughout the species’ range continue to be cleared on a regular basis as a result of forestry practices, approvals for mining, suburban and industrial developments, as well as for agricultural purposes (Saunders and Russell 2016). Active intervention to improve nesting success by predicting where birds will nest and providing predator proof nest boxes is currently being trialled (Stojanovic et al. in press). While there are efforts under way to restore habitat, the rate at which habitat is cleared far exceeds the gains through habitat restoration efforts, resulting in a net loss of area as well as quality of habitat. 2 Information current to December 2018 Threatened Species Strategy – Year 3 Priority Species Scorecard (2018) 3. Past and current trends The Swift Parrot occurs as a single, migratory population. Significant declines were observed in the late 1980s to mid-1990s (from an estimated 1320 pairs in 1988, to 940 pairs in 1995). Garnett et al. (2011) derived an estimate of approximately 2000 mature individuals as part of the Action Plan for Australian Birds and considered the population to be declining; however there are no recent estimates of the number of Swift Parrots in the wild. Population Viability Analysis (Heinsohn et al. 2015) projected that Swift Parrots would undergo substantial declines within three generations (based on modelled scenarios that considered impacts of sugar glider predation). Monitoring (existing programs): A population monitoring program was established in grassy Blue Gum forests of eastern Tasmania in 1995, in response to declines in population. This program was implemented for several years to monitor density of Swift Parrots. Throughout the species’ winter range, volunteer surveys have been conducted twice a year (in May and August) since 1995, involving hundreds of volunteers and community groups. As a result of this survey effort, volunteer experience and knowledge of habitat requirements have increased substantially (Saunders et al. 2007; BirdLife Australia) and there are now thousands of records of the species, as well as nil records, from across their winter range. These surveys also form part of the NSW Environmental Trust Saving Our Species Swift Parrot project together with habitat restoration and protection monitoring. Nesting habitat has been surveyed repeatedly by researchers from the Australian National University and as part of forestry operations (Webb et al. 2018). Population trends: Tables 1 and 2 summarise the overall trend and status of the Swift Parrot. The information provided in these tables is derived from the Conservation Advice (Threatened Species Scientific Committee 2016), with some amendments made by contributing experts based on new information. Table 1. Summary of the available information on Swift Parrot distribution and population size, and (where possible) trend estimates between 2015 and 2018 for each parameter. Population parameters Published baseline 2015 Estimate 2018 Estimate Confidence in estimates WILD Extent of Occurrence 57,000 km2 57,000 km2 57,000 km2 Low Area of Occupancy 1400 km2 High Dates of records and methods used As per Bird Action Plan No. mature individuals 2000 Medium No. of subpopulations 1 1 1 High No. of locations >10 >10 >10 High Based on global modelling Generation time 3.4 n/a n/a by BirdLife International CAPTIVE BREEDING No. mature individuals 258* 258 258 Low No. locations 36 36 36 Low *From Saunders (2010). None of these captive birds are in a formal captive breeding program. 3 Information current to December 2018 Threatened Species Strategy – Year 3 Priority Species Scorecard (2018) Table 2. Estimated recent (2005-2015) and current (2015-2018) population trend for the Swift Parrot. Sub- Estimated % 2005-2015 Confidence in 2015-2018 Confidence in Details population of population trend 2005-2015 trend trend 2015-2018 trend Monitoring of breeding Whole 100 Medium Medium suggest no population recent improvements KEY: Improving Stable Deteriorating Unknown Confidence Description High Trend documented Medium Trend considered likely based on documentation ? Low Trend suspected but evidence indirect or equivocal 4. Key threats The threats listed here are derived from Threatened Species Scientific Committee (2016), with some adjustments from consulted experts based on new information. Note that this is not a list of all plausible threats, but a subset of the threats that are likely to have the largest impact on populations. Habitat loss Throughout the species’ range high quality feeding habitat has been cleared for agriculture and urban development, with the threat of critical habitat loss continuing despite some gains (Saunders et al. 2007, Webb et al. 2018). The most extensive loss happened during colonial times but continues due to various land management policies and practices, including forestry practices, approvals for mining, suburban and industrial developments,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • TAG Operational Structure
    PARROT TAXON ADVISORY GROUP (TAG) Regional Collection Plan 5th Edition 2020-2025 Sustainability of Parrot Populations in AZA Facilities ...................................................................... 1 Mission/Objectives/Strategies......................................................................................................... 2 TAG Operational Structure .............................................................................................................. 3 Steering Committee .................................................................................................................... 3 TAG Advisors ............................................................................................................................... 4 SSP Coordinators ......................................................................................................................... 5 Hot Topics: TAG Recommendations ................................................................................................ 8 Parrots as Ambassador Animals .................................................................................................. 9 Interactive Aviaries Housing Psittaciformes .............................................................................. 10 Private Aviculture ...................................................................................................................... 13 Communication ........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Australia: Tasmania and the Orange- Bellied Parrot 24 – 29 October 2020 24 – 29 October 2021
    AUSTRALIA: TASMANIA AND THE ORANGE- BELLIED PARROT 24 – 29 OCTOBER 2020 24 – 29 OCTOBER 2021 The handsome Orange-bellied Parrot is the primary target on this tour. www.birdingecotours.com [email protected] 2 | ITINERARY Australia: Tasmania and the Orange-bellied Parrot Adjoined to the mainland until the end of the last glacial period about ten thousand years ago, Tasmania is both geographically and genetically isolated from Australia. Through the millennia this island has developed its own unique set of plants and animals, including twelve avian endemics that include Forty-spotted Pardalote, Green Rosella, and Strong-billed Honeyeater. Beyond the endemics Tasmania also harbors several species which winter on the mainland and breed on Tasmania, such as Swift Parrot and Orange-bellied Parrot. These two breeding endemics are globally Critically Endangered (IUCN) and major targets on this tour. Forty-spotted Pardalote is one of the Tasmanian endemics we will target on this tour. Our search for the endemics and breeding specialties of Tasmania is set within a stunning backdrop of rugged coastlines, tall evergreen sclerophyll forests, alpine heathlands, and cool temperate rainforests, undoubtedly enriching our experience here. In addition, due to the lack of foxes many marsupials are notably more numerous in Tasmania, and we should be able to observe several of these unique animals during our stay. For those wishing to continue exploring Australia, this tour can be combined with our set of Australia tours: Australia: from the Outback to the Wet Tropics, Australia: Top End Birding, and Australia: Southwest Specialties. All four Australia tours could be combined. We can also arrange other extensions (e.g., sightseeing trips to Sydney, Uluru, etc., and pelagic trips).
    [Show full text]
  • National Recovery Plan for the Swift Parrot (Lathamus Discolor)
    National Recovery Plan for the Swift Parrot (Lathamus discolor) January 2019 The Species Profile and Threats Database pages linked to this recovery plan is obtainable from: http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl © Copyright Commonwealth of Australia, 2019. The National Recovery Plan for the Swift Parrot (Lathamus discolor) is licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia, the logo of the agency responsible for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people. For licence conditions see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. This report should be attributed as ‘National Recovery Plan for the Swift Parrot (Lathamus discolor), Commonwealth of Australia 2019’. The Commonwealth of Australia has made all reasonable efforts to identify content supplied by third parties using the following format ‘© Copyright, [name of third party] ’. Disclaimer While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure that the contents of this publication are factually correct, the Commonwealth does not accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the contents, and shall not be liable for any loss or damage that may be occasioned directly or indirectly through the use of, or reliance on, the contents of this publication. Image credits Front Cover: Swift Parrot. (© Copyright, Chris Tzaros). 2 Table of contents 1 Summary ..........................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • Swift Parrot and Forty-Spotted Pardalote
    Caption here. Swift Parrots are bright green and have red underwings and a long pointy tail. They get their name from their swift flight. a. Photo: Chris Tzaros SWIFT PARROTS NEED YOU TO LOOK AFTER YOUR BLUE AND BLACK GUMS c. Swift Parrots (Lathamus discolor) migrate each year from mainland Australia to Tasmania, breeding in late spring and summer when Blue gums and Black gums Nesting trees can be of any are flowering. sort of eucalypt as long as they have suitable hollows (a). Swift Parrots can only nest where there are old eucalypts Flowering Blue gum (b) and containing hollows, and where they can feed nearby on Black gum (c) trees are both the blossoms of Blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus) and important for foraging. Black gum (E. ovata). The more of these gums in the Photo: Rob Wiltshire area, and the closer they are to tree-hollows suitable for nesting, the better for the parrots. Swift Parrots have declined dramatically to fewer than 1,000 breeding pairs, chiefly because their forest habitat has b. been cleared and altered. All the main forest types used by breeding Swift Parrots have been affected in Tasmania; for instance, less than 30% of the original area of dry Blue gum forest remains, and only 3% of Black gum forest. Another significant threat is death or injury when their rapid flight causes them to collide with windows, fences and overhead wires. Changes to habitat can lead to increased competition from other birds which use tree-hollows for nesting in degraded areas. Because their survival is so tied to their breeding habitat, the fate of Swift Parrots is in our hands - every little action that we take today can go a long way towards ensuring that Photo: Chris Tzaros future generations continue to see and hear these birds.
    [Show full text]
  • Swift Parrot (Lathamus Discolor)
    Action Statement Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 No. 169 Swift Parrot Lathamus discolor Description and distribution The Swift Parrot Lathamus discolor Shaw 1790 (Psittaciformes: Platycercidae) is a non-breeding winter migrant to the mainland from Tasmania. It has a restricted breeding area in the east of Tasmania, arriving on the mainland in autumn to spend the winter period in foraging groups inhabiting forests and woodlands in south-east Australia. Swift Parrots are small to medium size birds reaching a length of 245mm, including a 120mm tail. Sexes are similar, except that the female is generally duller than the male. General plumage is green. Crown and ear coverts are dark blue and the face is red with yellow margins. Underparts are lighter and paler than back. Shoulder and underwing coverts are red, eye yellow and bill a horn colour. Brown (1989) and Higgins (1999) give Swift Parrot Latham discolor a full description of the species. (Photo: Mike Carter) Habitat In Victoria, the over-wintering habitat of the Swift Parrot is eucalypt forests and woodlands consisting primarily of the winter-flowering Grey Box (Eucalyptus microcarpa), Red Ironbark (Eucalyptus tricarpa), Mugga Ironbark (Eucalyptus sideroxylon) (far north-east Victoria), Yellow Gum (Eucalyptus leucoxylon) and White Box (Eucalyptus albens) (Brown 1989; Emison et al. 1987, C. Tzaros pers. comm.). They feed in gregarious flocks on nectar where eucalypts are in blossom or where lerps/psyllids are common. Blakers et al. (1985) describes Swift Parrots feeding on lerp psyllids amongst Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) as Distribution in Victoria well as the aforementioned species. + before 1970, since 1970 [source: DSE 2004] In general terms, Grey Box flowers in autumn when the birds first arrive, followed by the Ironbarks with Yellow Gum and White Box often flowering Conservation status late prior to birds departing for Tasmania.
    [Show full text]
  • Winter Habitat Use by the Endangered, Migratory Swift Parrot (Lathamus Discolor) in New South Wales
    CSIRO PUBLISHING www.publish.csiro.au/journals/emu Emu, 2008, 108, 81–89 Winter habitat use by the endangered, migratory Swift Parrot (Lathamus discolor) in New South Wales Debra L. Saunders A,B and Robert HeinsohnA AThe Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. BCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract. Migratory birds are dependent on a combination of suitable wintering, migration and breeding habitats. Identification and protection of these habitats is essential for the conservation of the birds. The endangered Swift Parrot (Psittacidae:Lathamus discolor) migrates north from Tasmania to south-eastern mainland Australia in search of suitable winter food resources. This 5-year study examines the use of known winter foraging habitats by Swift Parrots on a state- wide scale not previously attempted. Swift Parrots used a diversity of winter foraging habitats in regions of the coast and western slopes of New South Wales each year, including several habitats that occur in endangered ecological communi- ties. The abundance of Swift Parrots in New South Wales fluctuated significantly between years and regions, with coastal areas providing important drought-refuge habitats for a large proportion of the population. Over half of all foraging sites were used repeatedly, highlighting their likely importance for conservation. Landscapes containing winter foraging habitat included scattered trees, remnant vegetation and continuous forests, and Swift Parrots foraged extensively on lerp and nectar from a diversity of tree species within these. The occurrence of Swift Parrots at foraging sites was primarily asso- ciated with the abundance of lerp, nectar and non-aggressive competitors.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Parrots 3 Other Major Groups of Parrots 16
    ONE What are the Parrots and Where Did They Come From? The Evolutionary History of the Parrots CONTENTS The Marvelous Diversity of Parrots 3 Other Major Groups of Parrots 16 Reconstructing Evolutionary History 5 Box 1. Ancient DNA Reveals the Evolutionary Relationships of the Fossils, Bones, and Genes 5 Carolina Parakeet 19 The Evolution of Parrots 8 How and When the Parrots Diversified 25 Parrots’ Ancestors and Closest Some Parrot Enigmas 29 Relatives 8 What Is a Budgerigar? 29 The Most Primitive Parrot 13 How Have Different Body Shapes Evolved in The Most Basal Clade of Parrots 15 the Parrots? 32 THE MARVELOUS DIVERSITY OF PARROTS The parrots are one of the most marvelously diverse groups of birds in the world. They daz- zle the beholder with every color in the rainbow (figure 3). They range in size from tiny pygmy parrots weighing just over 10 grams to giant macaws weighing over a kilogram. They consume a wide variety of foods, including fruit, seeds, nectar, insects, and in a few cases, flesh. They produce large repertoires of sounds, ranging from grating squawks to cheery whistles to, more rarely, long melodious songs. They inhabit a broad array of habitats, from lowland tropical rainforest to high-altitude tundra to desert scrubland to urban jungle. They range over every continent but Antarctica, and inhabit some of the most far-flung islands on the planet. They include some of the most endangered species on Earth and some of the most rapidly expanding and aggressive invaders of human-altered landscapes. Increasingly, research into the lives of wild parrots is revealing that they exhibit a corresponding variety of mating systems, communication signals, social organizations, mental capacities, and life spans.
    [Show full text]
  • Swift Parrot
    Husbandry Guidelines for Photograph by Greg Miles, July 2011 Swift Parrot Lathamus discolor (Aves: Psittacidae) Date By From Version 2019 Crystal Capach RARES Fndn v 1 WORK HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS Species Risk Category The Swift Parrot (Lathamus discolor) is considered a low risk, or innocuous parrot. The largest risk of harm would occur by the beak through biting, so care should be taken whilst handling or restraining the bird to reduce the chances of being bitten. WHS SUMMARY Though generally non aggressive in nature, injury may still occur through mishandling the bird, or through something as simple as working within the enclosure. A keeper must always take precautions whilst working to ensure their own safety and the safety of their fellow workers. If it happens that a serious injury occurs within the workplace, the regulator must be notified immediately in accordance with the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (Workcover NSW). Workplace Risk Types 1. Biological There is a risk of zoonotic diseases being contracted when coming into contact with this species, as well as other bird species within the Psittacidae family. Namely, the highest zoonotic risk is the bacterial disease psittacosis, also known as ornithosis and chlamydiosis. Transmitted mainly through the inhalation of contaminated airborne faecal matter, feather dander, or beak-to-mouth contact, this disease can be diagnosed through the flu-like symptoms and respiratory tract illness presented. Maintaining proper hygiene practices and regular screening of birds should help prevent the zoonotic spread of this disease (Harkinezhad et al. 2009; West 2011). This disease as well as several others will be discussed further in Section 8.
    [Show full text]
  • Swift Parrot (Lathamus Discolor)
    Information Sheet NATIVE PLANTS AND ANIMALS THREATENED SPECIES AND COMMUNITIES OF THE ACT Swift Parrot (Lathamus discolor) A vulnerable species Issued: 4 March 2005 The Swift Parrot is a small, streamlined, bright grass- The species breeds only in Tasmania where it nests only green parrot, about 250 mm in length. It has a dusky red in hollows in mature and senescent eucalypts. It spike-shaped tail, red forehead and throat bordered by migrates north to mainland Australia over winter, yellow, and blue crown and cheeks. following abundances of flowering eucalypts and lerps as they occur. Small numbers of the species are recorded intermittently in the ACT. Grassy Blue Gum (E. globulus) forest in eastern Tasmania is the preferred habitat of the Swift Parrot in the breeding season. On the mainland, the species inhabits mainly dry open eucalypt forests and woodlands, usually box-ironbark communities and also Yellow Box–Red Gum woodland. Critical local habitat features include: I winter flowering eucalypts; and I eucalypts carrying lerps. In the ACT, the species is likely to occur anywhere below 700 m. ACT records of the species over the last 25 years are mainly from inner Canberra suburbs, Gungahlin and Hall. CONSERVATION THREATS Nationally, the range of the Swift Parrot has been reduced by half. The principal causes are loss of breeding and feeding habitat (Blue Gum Eucalyptus globulus, Messmate E. obliqua or Swamp Gum E. ovata The Swift Parrot is mainly an arboreal feeder, usually in forest) in Tasmania due to clearing for agriculture and the outer canopy of Eucalyptus trees. Their main food is urban development, and forestry operations.
    [Show full text]
  • Wind Farm Collision Risk for Birds
    Wind farm collision risk for birds Cumulative risks for threatened and migratory species Swift Parrot White-bellied Sea-Eagle Orange-bellied Parrot Tasmanian Wedge-tailed Eagle Images: Dave Watts Prepared for the Australian Government Department of the Environment and Heritage by Biosis Research Pty Ltd Introduction Assessing the impact of wind farm technology on native Australian birds has, to date, generally focused on the impact any individual wind farm may have on a protected species. This method of assessment, however, may only provide part of the broader picture where a bird species has a wide distribution, may fly over long distances, and be subject to the impacts of collisions at multiple wind farms. In 2005, Biosis Research Pty Ltd was contracted by the Australian Government to develop a means of modelling the predicted cumulative risks posed to birds from collisions with turbines at multiple wind farms. Cumulative risk modelling was then undertaken for four endangered species of birds: the Orange-bellied Parrot, the Tasmanian Wedge-tailed Eagle, the Swift Parrot and the Australian population of the White-bellied Sea-eagle. The risk of collision for a number of other birds and a bat species was also modelled, focusing on wind farm developments in Gippsland, Victoria. The study centres on threatened and migratory species under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. It provides an overview of the cumulative models that have been developed and an explanation of the rationale that underlies these processes. The capacities and limitations of the modelling are also outlined, as well as some recommendations provided to improve the knowledge base required to make the modelling process more widely applicable.
    [Show full text]
  • Swift Parrot
    Threatened Species Link www.tas.gov.au SPECIES MANAGEMENT PROFILE Lathamus discolor Swift Parrot Group: Chordata (vertebrates), Aves (birds), Psittaciformes, Psittacidae Status: Threatened Species Protection Act 1995: endangered Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999: Critically Endangered Endemic Migratory, breeding endemic Status: ​The Swift Parrot (Lathamus discolor) is a small, largely nectar-feeding fast flying parrot which spends its winter in south-eastern mainland Australian before migrating to Tasmania in late winter/early spring to breed. During the breeding season, nectar from Tasmanian blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus) and black gum (Eucalyptus ovata) flowers is the primary food source for the species. These eucalypts are patchily distributed and their flowering patterns are erratic and unpredictable, often leading to only a small proportion of Swift Parrot habitat being available for breeding in any one year. Swift Parrots breed in tree hollows in mature eucalypts within foraging range of a flower source. Birds can nest at low densities or sometimes in groups of >50 nests in <100 ha depending on the availability of flowers and tree hollows. The main threats to the species are the loss of foraging and nesting habitat, predation by sugar gliders (Petaurus breviceps), and mortality of adults through collisions with man-made structures such as windows and chain-link fences. Protection of the species requires the conservation and restoration of all remaining foraging and nesting habitat. Key Points Important: Is this species in your area? Do you need a permit? Ensure you’ve covered all the issues by checking the Planning Ahead page. Important: Different threatened species may have different requirements.
    [Show full text]
  • Swift Parrot Recovery Plan 2001-2005
    Swift Parrot Recovery Plan DEPARTMENT of PRIMARY INDUSTRIES, WATER and ENVIRONMENT Acknowledgements This plan was prepared with support from the Natural Heritage Trust. Citation: Swift Parrot Recovery Team (2001). Swift Parrot Recovery Plan. Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment, Hobart. © State of Tasmania Photo: D. Watts This work is copyright. It may be reproduced for study, research or training purposes subject to an acknowledgment of the sources and no commercial usage or sale. Requests and enquires concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Manager, Threatened Species Unit. ISBN: 0 7246 6283 9 Cover: Swift parrot, Photo: D Watts Swift Parrot Recovery Plan 1 Contents Contents.................................................................................................................................... 1 Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................... 2 Summary .................................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 5 Description of species........................................................................................................... 5 Distribution........................................................................................................................... 5 Population
    [Show full text]