Barremian to Aptian (Lower Cretaceous) Ammonite Faunas of Title the Kochi Basin, Southwest Japan( Fulltext )

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Barremian to Aptian (Lower Cretaceous) ammonite faunas of Title the Kochi Basin, southwest Japan( fulltext )

Author(s) Masaki,MATSUKAWA

Citation 東京学芸大学紀要. 自然科学系, 69: 197-222

Issue Date 2017-09-29

URL http://hdl.handle.net/2309/148234

Publisher 東京学芸大学学術情報委員会

Rights Bulletin of Tokyo Gakugei University, Division of Natural Sciences, 69: pp．197～222，2017

Barremian to Aptian (Lower Cretaceous) ammonite faunas of the Kochi Basin, southwest Japan

Masaki MATSUKAWA*

Department of Environmental Sciences

(Received for Publication; May 29, 2017)

MATSUKAWA M.: Barremian to Aptian (Lower Cretaceous) ammonite faunas of the Kochi Basin, southwest Japan. Bull. Tokyo Gakugei Univ. Div. Nat. Sci., 69: 197-222 (2017) ISSN 1880-4330

Abstract

Faunal analysis of the Cretaceous of Japan is indispensable to fully understand Early Cretaceous ammonite biostratigraphy and paleobiogeography in the northern regions of the circum-Pacific rim. The Lower Cretaceous in the Kochi Basin bears ammonite specimens. Eighteen Barremian to Aptian ammonite species including one new species (Pseudohaploceras tosaense) from the Kochi Basin, Japan, are described on the basis of 74 specimens. The ammonite specimens comprise three associations, lower, upper and uppermost. The lower association, from the Nagashiba Formation, comprises two species of two genera. The upper association, from the lower part of the Wada Formation, comprises 11 species of 9 genera. Then, the uppermost association, from the upper part of the Wada Formation, comprises eight species of eight genera. At the generic level, these ammonites occur commonly in the Barremian – Aptian (Lower Cretaceous) of Western and Eastern Europe, west – central and Southeast Asia, and the Pacific coast of North and South America. At the specific level, two species from the Nagashiba Formation are common in the Ishido and Hanoura formations (both Barremian), southwest Japan, and two species from the Wada Formation are common in the Toriakeura Formation (late Aptian) of the Choshi Group and the Tanohata and Hiraiga formations (late Aptian) of the Miyako Group. Three species migrated from Philippines to the Kochi Basin during Aptian with Oceanic current. They also migrated across the Pacific basin during Aptian time.

Keywords: Ammonites; Systematic description; Barremian – Aptian; morphological analysis; migration

Department of Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Gakugei University, 4-1-1 Nukuikita-machi, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan

1. Introduction Matsukawa and Obata, 2015). Ammonite biostratigraphy and its paleobiogeography of Japan can be established on Lower Cretaceous ammonite faunas in Japan have been the basis of accumulations of systematic descriptions of reported from many areas (e. g., Shimizu, 1931; Obata, ammonite species from those areas. 1967, Obata and Matsukawa, 1984, 2007, 2009, 2017; The Kochi Basin includes one of type sections of Lower

* Tokyo Gakugei University (4-1-1 Nukuikita-machi, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan)

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Cretaceous in Japan (Obata and Matsumoto, 1977). Some 2. 2 Nagashiba Formation ammonite species from the basin were listed on some Definition. The formation consists mainly of sandstone papers (e.g., Kobayashi, 1945 ; Hirata, 1971, 1974 ; Katto and mudstone. The formation was named by Hirata (1971). et al., 1976), but those species have been not described with Synonym. Nagashiba Formation (Hirata, 1971), and paleontological systematics, yet. lower part of Arida series (Katto et al., 1976). So, eighteen Barremian to Aptian ammonite species from Type section. Otani, Fukui-cho, Kochi City. the Lower Cretaceous Kochi Basin are described with Distribution. Iwagara, Funagatani, Ohtani, Kuma in paleontological systematics, and its faunal characteristics Kochi City. and geological correlations with other area are discussed on Thickness. 330 m. this paper. Lithology and stratigraphy. The formation consists mainly of sandstone and mudstone, and thin conglomerate 2. Stratigraphy bed in its basal part. The conglomerate conformably covers underlying sandstone and mudstone identified as the Author measured geological sections and made Ryoseki Formation. geological map of the area in 1979-1980, but many houses Fossils. Rich plant and molluscan fossils including cover outcrops of the basin in 2017. Lower Cretaceous bivalves and ammonites were listed by Hirata (1971, 1974). deposits distribute in southern foot of the Shikoku mountains, and cover overlain the pre-Cretaceous basement 2. 3 Wada Formation deposits including Devonian and Silurian rocks, some Definition. The formation consists of muddy sandstone metamorphic rocks although fault present between the in its lower and mudstone in its upper. Lower Cretaceous deposits and basement deposits in now. Synonym. Wada Formation (Hirata, 1971), and upper part The Lower Cretaceous deposits consist of conglomerates, of Arida series (Katto et al., 1976). sandstone and mudstone, and divided into three formations; Type section. Kuma, Kochi City. the Ryoseki, Nagashiba and Wada, in ascending order (Figs. Thickness. 160 m. 1, 2, 3). Lithology and stratigraphy. The formation consists of thin conglomerate bed in its basal part, sandstone, muddy 2. 1 Ryoseki Formation sandstone, and mudstone in ascending order. Definition. The Formation consists of conglomerate, Fossils. Rich bivalves and ammonites were listed by sandstone, mudstone alternating beds of sandstone and Hirata (1971, 1974). mudstone. Synonym. Basal part of the Nagashiba Formation (Hirata, 2.4 Environments 1971), and Ryoseki series (Katto et al., 1976). The sequences from conglomerate, sandstone to Type section. Ryoseki, Nangoku City, Kochi Prefecture. mudstone in Shikoku area including the present basin is Distribution. Sothern foothill of Mt. Konomori and interpreted to be caused by sea-level change, and be Engyoji in the Kochi Basin. The formation in this area is its suggested by deposited in shallow marine environments western part of the formation. (Kobayashi, 1945). Three formations consist all of Thickness. 120 m. succession from conglomerate to mudstone through Lithology and stratigraphy. The formation consists of sandstone in ascending order. Ammonites occur in middle conglomerate, pebbly sandstone, mudstone and alternating to upper parts of the Nagashiba and Wada formations, and beds of sandstone and mudstone. They are thin beds and corbiculoid bivalves occur in lower part of those both changeable laterally and vertically. The formation is contact formations (Hirata, 1974). This indicates that those basement rocks consisting of alternating beds of sandstone successions deposited under brackish to shallow marine and mudstone, mudstone and acidic tuff with fault, but the environments during transgressive time. Ammonite formation is considered to be unconformably covered the specimens described on this paper occurred from both basement rock. Nagashiba and Wada formations (Figs. 1, 2 and 3).

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3. Systematic paleontology constrictions, but the Californian specimens have prominent ones. Then, the Californian specimens are characterized by Specimens illustrated are housed in the Kochi Prefectural complexly frilled mature suture with diphyllic E/L and L/

Makino Botanical Garden, Kochi (KPFM). Morphological U 2, but the Japanese specimen does not confirm these terms used are defined in the Treatise (Arkell et al., 1957) characters. So, I hesitate to give species name of E. and descriptive terms (e.g., very small, very large, fairly californicum to the present specimen. The present specimen narrow, and others) are those of Matsumoto et al. (1988). is similar to the illustrated specimens of E. californicum The following symbols for measurements are used: D = the (Kawabe, 2007, figs. 1, 2, 3, 4) from the Miyako Group, total diameter, U = the diameter of umbilicus, U/D = the Japan, in having numerous fine lirae, but width of whorl of umbilicus/total diameter ratio, H = the whorl-height, W = the present specimen is narrower than that of the specimens the whorl-width, W/H = the width/height ratio, Dx = from the Miyako Group. maximum diameter of loose spire, Dn = minimum diameter Age, occurrence and Horizon. Aptian. Euphylloceras of loose spire, Ux = maximum umbilical gap, Un = californicum is reported from the Aketo Formation (lower minimum umbilical gap (Matsukawa, 1988). All Albian) of Miyako Group, Japan (Obata and Matsukawa, measurements are given in mm, unless otherwise stated. 2017) and the Eotetragonites wintunium Zone (upper Aptian) and Beudanticeras hulenense Zone (lower Albian) Order: Ammonoidea von Zittel, 1884 of the Horsetown stage, California (Murphy, 1956). Suborder: Phylloceratina Arkell, 1950 Family: Phylloceratidae von Zittel, 1884 Subfamily: Calliphylloceratinae Spath, 1927 Subfamily: Phylloceratinae von Zittel, 1884 Genus: Hypophylloceras Salfeld, 1924 Genus: Euphylloceras Drushchits, 1956 Hypophylloceras cf. onoense (Stanton, 1895) Euphylloceras cf. californicum (Anderson, 1938) Fig. 4B Fig. 4A Material. One fragmentary specimen of external cast of 1974 Hypophylloceras sp., Hirata, pl. 11, fig. 9. KPFM 6802 (M. Hirata coll.) from mudstone of the Wada Material. A single specimen of external cast of KPFM Formation, at loc. Kc 15, Kuma, Kochi City, Kochi 6967 (M. Hirata coll.) from mudstone of the Wada Prefecture. Formation, at loc. Kc 9, Fukui-cho, Kochi City, Kochi Dimension (in mm). H of KPFM 6802 is 21.9. Prefecture (Fig. 2). The specimen is fragment, and fairly Descriptive remarks. The specimen is characterized by deformed by pressure. involute whorl with biconvex external constrictions with Dimension (in mm). Height of KPFM 6967 is 28.1. collar, which cross lirae. Because of biconvex constrictions, Descriptive remarks. The specimen is characterized by it is suggests that the specimen can be identified as H. small size, very involute whorl with narrow umbilicus, and onoense (Stanton, 1895) (Murphy and Rodda, 2006, p. 50- has numerous fine rectiradiate lirae and feeble and shallow 53). However, constrictions of H. onoense cut a groove into rectiradiate constrictions. The whorl section is narrowly shell identified as internal constriction. So, I hesitate the elliptical with swollen in mid-flank. Fine lirae arise almost specimen is identified as H. onoense. Because of one-third of the flank. The specimen is similar to the constrictions with collar, the species differs from H. yeharai illustrated specimens of Euphylloceras californicum (Matsukawa and Obata, 2015, p. 26, figs. 5, 6) from the (Murphy and Rodda, 2006, p. 34-39, pl. 1, figs. 10, 11, 16; Fujikawa Formation (upper Albian) of the Katsuuragawa p. 2, figs. 2-4, 6, 7, 9; pl. 3, figs. 1, 3, 5, 7, 8) from the upper Basin in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. Chickabally Member of the Budden Canyon Formation, at Age, occurrence and Horizon. Aptian. Hypophylloceras east branch of Hullen Creek, Ono area in northern onoense is reported from the Eotetragonites wintunium California in having numerous fine lirae and constrictions. Zone (upper Aptian) of the lower part of the Upper The Japanese specimen has feeble and shallow Chickabally Member of the Budden Canyon Formation

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(Murphy and Rodda, 2006). umbilical margin most. The umbilical wall is vertical. The flank is covered by feebly falcate ribs. Because of wider Phylloceratidae gen. et sp. indet. and shallower umbilicus, the present specimen differs from the illustrated specimen of Aconeceras sp. (Inose et al., Fig. 4C 2013, fig. 5a, b) from the Lower Cretaceous Sakiyama Formation (= Hiraiga Formation in Obata and Matsukawa, Material. A single fragmentary specimen. External cast 2017) at Ebisudana, Miyako City, Iwate Prefecture (loc. 1 of KPFM 6803 (M. Hirata coll.) from mudstone of the at Ebisudana in Inose et a., 2013). Wada Formation, at loc. Kc 15, Kuma, Kochi City, Kochi Age and distribution. Aptian. The genus Aconeceras Prefecture. distributed in Europe, Greenland, Algeria, South Africa, Descriptive remarks. Because of numerous lirae cover Madagascar, Australia (Queensland). Western Australia, whorl and involute whorl, the specimens can be identified Argentina and Nepal (Wright et al., 1996). as Family Phylloceratidae (Arkell et al., 1957). But I can’t confirm the presence or the absent of constrictions due to Superfamily: Desmocerataceae von Zittel, 1895 preservation, I can identify specimens as the subfamily Family: Desmoceratidae von Zittel, 1895 level. Subfamily: Puzosinae Spath, 1922 Age. Aptian. Genus: Pseudohaploceras Hyatt, 1900

Suborder: Ammonitina Hyatt, 1889 Pseudohaploceras tosaense sp. nov. Superfamily: Haplocerataceae von Zittel, 1884 Family: Oppelidae H. Douvillé, 1890 Fig. 4E-I Subfamily: Aconeceratinae Spath, 1923 Genus: Aconeceras Hyatt, 1903 1974 Pseudohaploceras sp., Hirata, pl. 10, figs. 1, 2. Subgenus: Aconeceras Hyatt, 1903 1974 Parahoplites ? sp. Hirata, pl. 11, figs. 5. Remarks. Wright et al. (1996) classified the genus Derivation of name. Meaning Pseudohaploceras from Aconeceras into five subgenera, Aconeceras, Tosa province which is the former name of Kochi Sanmartinocras, Sinzovia, Theganoceras and Gyaloceras. Prefecture. Because of compressed, flat flank, low keel and feeble ribs, Material. Eight specimens. KPFM 6775 (holotype), the specimen can be identified as the subgenus Aconeceras. 6779, 6868, 6876, 6877 and 6904 (all M. Hirata coll.) from mudstone of the Wada Formation, at loc. Kc 9, Fukui-cho, Aconeceras (A.) sp. Kochi City, Kochi Prefecture. KPFM 6776 and 6777 (both M. Hirata coll.) from mudstone of the Wada Formation, at Fig. 4D loc. Kc 15, Kuma, Kochi City, Kochi Prefecture. The specimens are fragment, fairly deformed by pressure. Material. Three external casts of specimen, KPFM 6845, Diagnosis. Whorl surface is ornamented with periodically 6853, 6893 (M. Hirata coll.) from mudstone of the Wada strong main ribs sandwiching two to four fine interacted ribs. Formation, at loc. Kc 15, Kuma, Kochi City, Kochi Prefecture. Dimensions (in mm). Specimen D U U/D H W W/H Dimensions (in mm). KPFM 6775 47.1 13.6 0.29 22.1 - - Specimen D U U/D H W W/H KPFM 6776 37.8 9.9 0.29 14.8 - - KPFM 6893 15.7 2.9 0.18 7.8 - - KPFM 6777 42.3 10.1 0.24 16.8 - - KPFM 6868 29.0 7.8 0.27 11.9 - - Descriptive remarks. The specimens are very small, KPFM 6876 22.8 6.8 0.30 11.2 - - compressed, oxycone with feebly low keel, flat flank and shallow umbilicus. The whorl swells around 1/4 from the Description. The specimens are fairly small, compressed,

－ 204 － MATSUKAWA: Barremian to Aptian (Lower Cretaceous) ammonite faunas of the Kochi Basin, southwest Japan nearly flattened laterally, and are thickest at the umbilical Dimensions (in mm). margin. The umbilical wall is deep and perpendicular to the Specimen D U U/D H W W/H flanks. The width of umbilicus is fairly narrow. The surface KPFH 6779 25.2 5.9 0.23 12.1 - - of whorl is ornamented with strong ribs, intercalated fine KPFM 6860 38.3 10.7 0.28 14.4 - - ribs, and shallow and broad constrictions. Strong main ribs KPFM 6858 26.9 5.8 0.22 14.2 - - are sinuous and coarse. They start from the umbilical margin, and they sandwich two to four fine intercalated Descriptive remarks. The specimens are very small, ribs. Intercalated fine ribs between strong main ribs are also discoidal, compressed and have narrow umbilicus (U/D is sinuous. They arise around three-forth from the umbilical less than 0.30). The whorls are higher than width. The margin or mid-flank, or branch at mid flanks. Constrictions thickest breadth is near the umbilical margin. The umbilical are frequent; several in half volution. They are nearly wall is steep, and rounds into the flanks. The surface parallel to the strong ribs. ornament is covered by flexuous main ribs and intercalated Comparison. The specimens are different from ribs. The main ribs are strong and start from very small specimens including holotype of P. nipponicum Shimizu umbilical bullae. They are ten to twelve in numbers on a (Obata and Matsukawa, 2017, in review, figs, 13K-M, S-U, half volution. Intercalated ribs are very feeble and arise at V-W, 16 A-Q) from the lower part of the Hiraiga Formation, one-third from the umbilical edge or mid-flank. There are Miyako Group, Japan, because the present specimens have sometimes broad and shallow constrictions. They are similar more frequent constrictions than the specimens of P. curvature with ribs. Because of possessing high-whorl, flat nipponicum. The present specimens differ from the side and broadest near the umbilical edge, coarse, strong specimens including holotype of P. japonicum Obata and flexuous main ribs starting from umbilical bullae, and broad Matsukawa (1984, p. 28-30, pl. 2, figs. 4, 5a, 5b) from the and shallow constrictions, the specimens can be identified Barremian Ishido Formation, Sanchu Cretaceous, Japan, as the genus Uhligella (Wright et al., 1996). The present because the strong ribs of present specimens are coarser specimens are similar to specimens of Uhligella than that of the specimens from the Sanchu Cretaceous. matsushimaensis (Shimizu, 1931) (Obata and Matsukawa, Ribs of the specimens described as P. cf. liptoviense 2017, in review, figs. 21A-W, 22 A-BD) from the late (Zeuschner) (Futakami et al., 1995, p. 82, figs. 3A-F) from Aptian Hiraiga Formation of the Miyako Group, Japan, in the Barremian Qihulin Formation, Heilongjiang NE China having narrow umbilicus, coarse strong main ribs, and are weaker than those of the present specimens. broad and shallow constrictions. But the number of ribs on Age and distribution. The genus Pseudohaploceras the present specimens is ten to twelve in half volution, distributed in Barremian to Aptian in Europe, Egypt (Sinai), whereas those of the specimens of the Miyako Group are Japan, Mexico and Colombia (Wright et al., 1996). several. The present specimens can be identified as new species, but the venter of whorl is not observable due to bad Subfamily: Beudanticeratinae Breistroffer, 1953 preservation. So, I hesitate to give new taxonomic name to Genus: Uhligella Jacob, 1907 the present specimens. Age and distribution. Aptian. The genus Uhligella Uhligella sp. distributed in Europe, northern Africa and Venezuela (Wright et al., 1996). Fig. 4J-N Family: Silesitidae Hyatt, 1900 1974 Uhligella sp., Hirata, pl. 11, fig. 8. Genus: Neosilesites Breistroffer, 1951 Material. 18 fragmentary external cast of specimen, KPFM 6778, 6779, 6780, 6781, 6782, 6783, 6784, 6855, Neosilesites hagiwarai Obata and Matsukawa, 2007 6856, 6857, 6858, 6859, 6860, 6861, 6862, 6863, 6864 and 6865 (all M. Hirata coll.) from mudstone of the Wada Fig. 4V-X Formation, at loc. Kc 15, Kuma, Kochi City, Kochi Prefecture. They are a little flatted deform by pressure. 1974 Crinoceras? sp., Hirata, pl. 10, figs. 3, 4, 5.

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2007 Neosilesite hagiwarai, Obata and Matsukawa, p. 376, deform. figs. 8M-P. Material. Three fragmentary specimens of external cast, Dimensions (in mm). KPFM 6828, 6829, 6831 (M. Hirata coll.). All came from Specimen D U U/D H W W/H mudstone of the Wada Formation, at loc. Kc 9, Fukui-cho, KPFM 6841 18.8 7.7 0.41 5.3 - - Kochi City, Kochi Prefecture. They are a little flatted KPFM 6842 9.6 3.3 0.34 3.5 - - deform. Descriptive remarks. The specimens are very small, Dimensions (in mm). evolute, polygyral whorl and fairly shallow umbilicus. The Specimen D U U/D H W W/H whorl surface is ornamented with dense radiated ribs, and KPFM 6828 37.4 22.1 0.59 8.5 - - strong and deep constrictions. The specimens are similar to KPFM 6829 17.2 - - 5.8 - - the specimens including holotype of Miyakoceras KPFM 6831 27.9 15.0 0.53 8.1 - - tanohatense Obata (1967, p. 131-133, pl. 11, figs. 1-4) from the Upper Aptian Hiraiga Formation of the Miyako Group Descriptive remarks. The specimens are small, polygyral in Japan in having polygyral whorl with dense radiated ribs, whorl, evolute, wide umbilicus, and dense ribs consisting and constrictions. But the umbilicus of the present of very narrow and sharp top. The whorl has flat flanks and specimens is somewhat narrower than that of type has oblong with rounded corners in section. The surface specimens, because the present specimens are a little flatted ornament is covered with dense and fine ribs and deep deform. constrictions. The ribs are prorusiradiate and fairly Age, Occurrence and distribution. Aptian. The species flexuous. They arise umbilical wall and cross venter. Some were described in the Tanohata and Hiraiga formations ribs branch at mid flank or one-third from the umbilical (upper Aptian) of the Miyako Group and the Yop Formation edge of flank. The constrictions present irregularly and cut (Aptian) of Philippines. ribs obliquely. Because of convex flanks, densely sharp ribs that split at mid-flank and cross venter, the specimen is Superfamily: Pulchelliaceae H. Douvillé, 1890 identified as Neosilesites hagiwarai (Obata and Matsukawa, Family: Pulchelliidae H. Douvillé, 1890 2007, p. 376, figs. 8M-P) from the upper Toriakeura Genus: Pulchellia Uhlig, 1883 Formation (upper Aptian) of the Choshi Group, Japan. Age and distribution. Aptian. The genus Neosilesites Pulchellia ishidoensis Yabe and Shimizu, 1926 distributed in Balearic Islands, Austria, Tunisia, Egypt (Sinai) and Madagascar (Wright et al., 1996), Philippines Fig. 4 O-U (Matsukawa et al., 2012) and California. 1926 Pulchellia ishidoensis Yabe and Shimizu, p. 74, pl. Genus: Miyakoceras Obata, 1967 15, figs. 22-24. 1931 Pulchellia cf. ishidoensis ; Shimizu, p. 38-39, pl. 1, Miyakoceras tanohatense Obata, 1967 figs. 14, 15, 16. 1984 Pulchellia ishidoensis ; Obata and Matsukawa, p. 24- Fig. 5A-C 28, pl. 2, figs. 1a, b, c, d, 2, 3. 1967 Miyakoceras tanohatense; Obata, p. 131-133, pl. 11, 1996 Pulchellia cf. ishidoensis; Compilation Committee of figs. 1-4, text-fig. 1. the Regional Geography of Hanoura Town, figs. 99-102. 2012 Miyakoceras tanohatense; Matsukawa et al., p. 265- 2015 Pulchellia ishidoensis; Matsukawa and Obata, p. 34, 266, figs. 2 H-J. figs. 10A-G Material. Two fragmentary specimens of external cast, Material. Two fragmentary specimens of external cast KPFM-MM 6841 and ,6842 (M. Hirata coll.). Both came and internal mold, KPFM 6888 and 6889(M. Hirata coll.) from mudstone of the Wada Formation, Fukui-cho, Kochi from muddy sandstone of the Nagashiba Formation, at loc. City, Kochi Prefecture (loc. Kc 9). They are a little flatted Kc 3, Iwagara, Fukui-cho, Kochi City.

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Dimensions (in mm, except for U/D and W/H). Descriptive remarks. Because of very small, loosely Specimen D U U/D H W W/H coiled crioceratid whorl with radiate ribs having KPFM 6888 - 6.3 - 10.5 6.5 0.62 ventrolateral tubercles, the specimens are identified as the genus Karsteniceras (Wright et al., 1996). Then, based on Descriptive remarks. The whorl is ornamented with the rursiradiate ribs with flat top and without ventral strong and broad ribs, and they are sparse. The ribs arise interruption, the specimen can be identified as K. asiaticum from the umbilical margin, and occasionally bifurcate at (Yabe and Shimizu, 1926). mid-flank. They are weakly prorsiradiate and form a Age and distribution. Barremian. The species were chevron across the venter. Ventrolateral clavi existed. These described in the Ishido Formation (Barremian), Japan. The characters suggest that the specimen can be identified as genus is distributed in Central Europe and Colombia Pulchellia ishidoensis (Yabe and Shimizu, 1926, p. 74, pl. (Wright et al., 1996) and Japan. 15, figs. 22-24). Age and occurrence. Barremian. The species was Leptoceratoidinae gen. et sp. indet. described in the Ishido Formation (Barremian) of the Sanchu Cretaceous, Japan (Obata and Matsukawa, 1984) Fig. 5 F and the Hanoura Formation (Barremian) of the Katsuuragawa Basin, Japan (Matsukawa and Obata, 2015). Material. One specimen, KPFM 6900 (M. Hirata coll.), from mudstone of the Wada Formation, al loc. Kc 15, Superfamily: Ancylocerataceae Gill, 1871 Kuma, Kochi City, Kochi Prefecture. They are a little Family: Ancyloceratidae Gill, 1871 flatted deform. Subfamily: Leptoceratoidinae Thieuloy, 1966 Genus: Karsteniceras Royo y Gomez, 1945 Dimensions (in mm, except for Ux/Dx). Specimen Dx Ux Ux/Dx H W W/H Karsteniceras asiaticum (Yabe et Shimizu, 1926) KPFM 6900 13.6 5.6 0.41 4.8 - -

Fig. 5D, E Descriptive remarks. Because of very small, loosely coiled open spire, annular simple radiate ribs without 1926 Leptoceras asiaticum, Yabe and Shimizu, p. 73, pl. tubercles, the specimens are identified as the Subfamily 15, fig. 21. Leptoceratoidinae Thieuloy, 1966. 1988 Karsteniceras asiaticum, Matsukawa, p. 399-401, Age. Probably upper Aptian to lower Albian. The genus figs. 3-4, -5, -6a, b, 4. of the family were reported from Barremian to lower 2015 Karsteniceras asiaticum, Matsukawa and Obata, p. Aptian (Wright et al., 1996). 40, fig. 10R. Material. Two fragmentary specimens. KPFM 7097 (M. ? Family: Macroscaphitidae Hyatt, 1900 Hirata coll.) from muddy sandstone of the Nagashiba Genus: Macroscaphites Meek, 1876 Formation, at loc. Kc 1, Iwagara, Fukui-cho, Kochi City, and KPFM 6800 (M. Hirata coll.), and from muddy Macroscaphites cf. yvani (Puzos, 1832) sandstone of alternating beds of sandstone and mudstone of the Nagashiba Formation, at loc. Kc 7, Iwagara, Fukui-cho, Fig. 5 G-L Kochi City. 1974 Macroscaphites sp., Hirata, pl. 11, figs. 10, 11. Dimensions (in mm, except for Ux/Dx). Material. Nine fragmentary specimens of external cast, Specimen Dx Ux Ux/Dx H W W/H KPFM 6818, 6819, 6820, 6821, 6822, 6823, 6824, 6825 KPFM 7097 18.0 8.7 0.48 5.8 ------and 6923, and of internal mold KPFM 6921 (M. Hirata KPFM 6800 11.2 4.1 0.37 4.2 ------coll.). All came from mudstone of the Wada Formation, at loc. Kc 9, Fukui-cho, Kochi City, Kochi Prefecture. They

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Dimensions (in mm, except for U/D). Fig. 5 M Specimen D U U/D Hc Hp Ho Hr Lp KPFM 6818 ----6.9+7.3-- Material. Two fragmentary specimens, KPFM-MM 6923 KPFM 6819 19.6 10.0 0.51 5.9 7.7 7.2 - 49.4 and 6834 (external cast) (M. Hirata coll.). Both specimens KPFM 6820 17.3 8.0 0.46 7.8 6.2 - - 43.4 came from mudstone of the Wada Formation, at loc. Kc 9, KPFM 6823 ----7.77.2-- Fukui-cho, Kochi City, Kochi Prefecture. A specimen is KPFM 6825 ----7.57.0-- flatted deform. KPFM 6921 - - - 9.2 - - - - Dimension (in mm). H of KPFM-MM 6923 is 5.6 and H KPFM 6923 - - - 5.6 - - - - of KPFM-MM 6834 is 10.9. Descriptive remarks. The specimens have very small Description. The specimens are small. They consist of shaft. The whorl section is circular. The surface of whorl is planispiral whorl, shaft and hook. The whorls are planispiral, ornamented with radiate ribs without tubercles. Two or polygyral, evolute and have wide umbilicus. The planispiral three parallel shafts are not confirmed due to fragmentary whorls come loose, and become a shaft and hook. The shaft specimen. So, I can’t identify the specimens belonging to turns slightly inward after the spiral scroll came loose, and the Family Hamitidae Gill, 1871. The present specimens the shaft lengthens perpendicular and greatly turns as a hook are different from the specimens of Macroscaphites cf. inward more. The surface of whorls is covered with densely yvani described above based on ribbing. The ribs of the fine ribs and constrictions. The ribs are prorsiradiate in the present specimens are radiate but the ribs of the early stage of planispiral whorl, rectiradiate and convex in Macroscaphites cf. yvani are orally convex. the late stage of planispiral whorl, become orally convex Age and occurrence. Aptian. The family Hamitidae is after spiral scroll came loose, rectiradiate around hook reported from Lower Albian to Upper Turonian (Wright et gently turns, and rursiradiate in straight hook. The ribs on al., 1996). the shaft and hook are thicker than that on the planispiral whorl. Then, the ribs arise umbilical wall in planispiral Superfamily: Douvilleicerataceae Parona and Bonarelli, whorl, and also dorsum part in shaft and hook, and cross 1897 venter. The constrictions with collar irregularly present in Family: Douvilleiceratidae Parona and Bonarelli, 1897 only planispiral whorl. They are shallow groove and cut Subfamily: Cheloniceratinae Spath, 1923 ribs. Genus: Cheloniceras Hyatt, 1903 Comparison. The present specimens are similar to the Subgenus: Cheloniceras Hyatt, 1903 illustrated specimens of Macroscaphites yvani (Puzos, 1832) (Vašíček, 1972, p. 46-48, pl. 4, fig3, pl. 5, fig. 1) Cheloniceras (C.) aff. cornuerianum (d’Orbigny, 1841) from Upper Barremian and Lower Aptian or Aptian Tesin- Hradiste Formation in the Moravskoslezske Beskydy Mts. Fig. 5 R-W, 6, 7 in the border area of Czech, Slovakia and Poland in having planispiral whorls with convex ribs around its late stage, Compare. and shaft and hook with thicker ribs than those of 1961a Cheloniceras (C.) cornuerianum, Casey, p. 198-208, planispiral whorls. The European specimens present nodes pl. 33, figs. 7a, b, pl. 34, figs. 1a, b, 9a, b, pl. 35, figs. 1a, on the inner side of the ribs, but the present specimens b, 2, 3, text-figs. 60a, b, c, 61, 62, 67e, f. cannot confirm them due to ill preservation. So, I identify Synonymy. the present species as M. cf. yvani. 1974 Cheloniceras sp., Hirata, pl. 11, fig. 1. Age and distribution. The genus Macroscaphites are Material. KPFM 6790 from mudstone nodule of the reported from Barremian to Lower Aptian in southern and Wada Formation, at loc. Kc10, and KPFM 6792 from central Europe, northern Africa, Egypt (Sinai) and Mexico mudstone of the Wada Formation, at loc. Kc 9, Fukui-cho, (Wright et al, 1996). Kochi Prefecture (M. Hirata coll.).

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6903: W is 27.2; KPFM 6974: H is 7.2; KPFM 6975: W is Dimensions (in mm except for B/H) 10.0, H is 6.5. Specimen D U U/D H W W/H Descriptive remarks. Because of its circular whorl KPFM 6795 ca 37 12.0 0.32 - - - section with rounded venter and with some ribs branching KPFM 6785 - - - 10.0 - - at tubercles in the umbilical area, the specimens belong to KPFM 6835 18.3 4.3 0.23 5.8 - - the genus Cheloniceras (C.) (Wright et al., 1996). KPFM 6836 18.9 4.9 0.26 8.6 - - Age and horizon. Early Aptian. In the Lower Greensand, UK, the subgenus C. (Cheloniceras) is found in late early Diagnosis. Whorl is covered by dense, broadly flat- Aptian of the Deshayesites deshayesi and Tropaeum topped ribs with prominent ventrolateral clavi. bowerbanki zones (Casey, 1961b). Description. The specimens are very small (less than 37 mm). The whorl is evolute and depressed. The umbilicus is Cheloniceras (C.) sp. B fairly narrow (0.23 to 0.26), shallow and surrounded by perpendicular wall. The whorl section is oblong, roughly Fig. 8 C, D rectangular, and flat flank. The surface ornament of whorl Material. A single fragmentary specimen, KPFM-MM is covered by dense, broadly flat-topped ribs. They are 6838, from sandy mudstone of the Wada Formation, at loc. coarse and rectiradiate, and arise at umbilical bullae, branch Kc 9, Fukui-cho, Kochi City, Kochi Prefecture. at umbilical edge, and arise at mid-flank as inserted. Dimension (in mm). KPFM-MM 6838: W is 10.8 Ventrolateral clavi are prominent on every rib. Descriptive remarks. The specimen belongs to the genus Comparison. Because of flat-topped ribs, the specimens Cheloniceras (C.), because the specimen is characterized can be identified as the genus Colombiceras (Wright et al., by circular whorl section with round venter and some ribs 1996). The present specimens differ from the holotype branching at tubercles in the umbilical area (Wright et al., (IGPS 35387) of Colombiceras satowi Shimizu, 1931 (p. 1996). The ribs are thicker and coarser than that of C. (C.) 34-35, pl. 3, figs. 5-10) from the Lower Aptian Inubouzaki sp. A. Formation, Choshi Group, because the lateral tubercles of the specimen from the Inubouzaki Formation present less ? Family: Parahoplitidae Spath, 1922 than 13 mm in diameter that of the present specimens. The Subfamily: Acanthohoplitinae Stoyanow, 1949 present specimens are different from the specimen Genus: Colombiceras Spath, 1923 described as C. cf. satowi (Obata and Matsukawa, 2009, p. 263-264, fig. 8J, K, L) from the Upper Aptian Toriakeura Colombiceras hiratai sp. nov. Formation, Choshi Group, because the umbilicus of the present specimens (0.23 and 0.26) are narrower than those Fig. 8 E-J of the specimens from the Toriakeura Formation (ca. 0.36). The specimen described as C. cf. satowi (Matsukawa et al., Derivation of name. After Mr. Motome Hirata of the 2012, p. 267, figs. 2w) from the Upper Aptian Yop Hirata Geological Institute, Kochi City. He has contributed Formation, Philippines, has also wider umbilicus (ca. 40 significant material for the development of the mm) than the present specimens. The present specimens biostratigraphy of the Cretaceous strata in Kochi Basin. differ from the illustrated specimen of C. formosum Material. Eleven external molds. The specimens are (Sharikadze et al., 2004, p. 390-392, pl. 58, fig. 2; pl. 60, fragment, fairly deformed by pressure. KPFM6795 fig. 2; pl. 65, fig. 3; pl. 66, fig. 2) from middle Aptian in (holotype), 6796, 6797, 6798, 6868 from mudstone of the Colombia in having more numerous branched ribs and Wada Formation, al loc. Kc 9, Fukui-cho, Kochi City, and prominent ventrolateral clavi. KPFM 6785, 6835, 6836, 6897, 6901 and 6902 from Age and distribution. Aptian. The genus distributed in mudstone, at loc. Kc 15, Wada Formation, Kuma, Kochi England, France, Sardinia, Romania, Georgia, Madagascar, City, Kochi Prefecture (all M. Hirata coll.). They are flatted Texas, Mexico and Colombia (Wright et al., 1996) and deform. California and Japan.

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Genus: Hypacanthoplites Spath, 1923 the Kochi area. The species distributed widely in shallow marine environments in outer side of Japan during late Hypacanthoplites sp. Aptian time. The genus Hypacanthoplies distributed in Europe, northern Africa, Madagascar, Iran, California and Figs. 8 K-N Texas (Wright et al., 1996) and Japan.

1979 Hypacanthoplites sp., Kitamura et al., pl. 7, figs. 6, 8, 9. 4. Discussion Material. Five specimens. KPFM 6775, 6869 and 6870 from mudstone, at loc. Kc 9, Wada Formation, and KPFM 4. 1 Ammonite biostratigraphy 6895, 6896 from mudstone, at loc. Kc 15, Wada Formation, The Lower Cretaceous Kochi Basin has yielded 74 Kuma, Kochi City, Kochi Prefecture (all M. Hirata coll.). specimens of ammonites. The specimens comprise three They are flatted deform. distinct associations, from lower, upper and uppermost parts of the Barremian to Aptian of the Kochi Basin (Fig. 9, Dimensions (in mm except for B/H) Table 1). The lower association, from the Nagashiba Specimen D U U/D H W W/H Formation (locs. Kc 7, 3, 1), comprises two species of two KPFM 6775 29.4 - - 15.5 - genera. The upper association, from the lower part of the KPFM 6869 19.3 5.4 0.28 7.5 2.1 0.28 Wada Formation (locs. Kc 10 and 9), comprises 11 species KPFM 6895 40.8 12.5 0.31 15.1 - - of 9 genera. Then, the uppermost association, from the KPFM 6896 - - 13.1 - - upper part of the Wada Formation (loc. Kc 15), comprises eight species of 8 genera. At the generic level, these Descriptive remarks. The specimens are small, have ammonites occur commonly in the Barremian – Aptian fairly narrow umbilicus and are compressed. The surface (Lower Cretaceous) of Western and Eastern Europe, west – ornament of the whorl is covered with flexuous or central and southeast Asia, the Pacific coast of North and prorusiradiate primary ribs and regularly intercalated South America (e.g. Anderson, 1938; Casey, 1961b; Avram, secondary ribs. They cross forward on venter. The primary 1994; Kakabadze et al., 2004 Reboulet et al., 2009, 2011, ribs start from small umbilical bullae at the umbilical edge, 2014). and become strongly prorusiradiate at one-third on the The lower association, from locs. 7, 3 and 1, comprises flank. They sometimes branch at the tubercle on mid-flank. two genera; Pulchellia and Karsteniceras. They are useful The secondary ribs arise at mid-flank. Because of straight for international correlation. Obata and Matsukawa (1984) of flexuous primary ribs arising at the umbilical bullae, and described Pulchellia ishidoensis from the lower part of the sometime branching at the tubercles at mid-flank, the Ishido Formation in the Sanchu Cretaceous, Japan and they specimens can be identified as the genus Hypacanthoplites interpreted that the lower part of the Ishido Formation can (Wright et al., 1996). The present specimens are similar to be assigned to late late Hauterivian to early Barremian the specimens identified as Hypacanthoplites sp. (Kitamura associating with Simbirskites (Milanowskia) sp., and et al., 1979, pl. 7, figs. 6, 8, 9) from the upper Aptian Todai Barremites (B.) difficilis. Then, Matsukawa and Obata Formation in Nagano Prefecture, central Japan in having (2015) described Pulchellia ishidoensis from the lower and primary ribs with umbilical bullae and regularly middle part of the Hanoura Formation in the Lower intercalated secondary ribs. The present specimens differ Cretaceous Katsuuragawa Basin, and they correlated the from the specimens of Hypacanthoplites subcornuerianus lower and middle part of the Hanoura Formation to the Shimizu, 1931 (Obata and Matsukawa, 1980, p. 185-211, Lower Barremian of the type section in southeast France pls. 23, 24) from the lower part of the Hiraiga Formation of (Busnardo, 1965; Vermeulen, 1997) (Fig. 10). However, the Miyako Group in northeast Japan, because the other taxa, Hemihoplites hanouaensis, with Pulchellia specimens from the Miyako Group have strong umbilical ishidoensis in the lower and middle part of the Hanoura bullae, and lateral and ventrolateral tubercles. Formation indicates the Upper Barremian of the type Occurrence and distribution. The Hypacanthoplites sp. section in southeast France (Busnardo, 1965; Vermeuen, occurs in late Aptian Todai Formation in central Japan and 1997; Reboulet et al., 2009, 2011, 2014). Therefore, they

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Stratotype (Reboulet et al , 2014) England (Casey, 1961b) Miyako (Obata and Matsukawa, 2017) Kochi (This paper) ammonite Stages Zones Subzones Horizons Stages Zones Subzones Lithostr Stages Zone Lithostr Stages Horizons Lithostr associations MATSUKAWA: Barremianto Aptian (LowerCretaceous)ammonitefaunasoftheKochiBasin,southwestJapan Lyelliceras pseudolyelli Prohoplites (Hemisonneratia ) puzosianus Douvilleiceras mammillatum Otohoplites raulinianus Cleoniceras floridum Aketo Fm mammillatum Douvilleiceras Sonneratia kitchini Douvilleiceras mammilatum Lower Albian Leymeriella regularis Leymeriella tardefurcata lower Albian lower Albian a Hyacanthoplites milletioides

tardefurcat Farnhamia farnhamensis Leymeriella Hiraiga Fm Hypacanthoplites jacobi Hyacanthoplites anglicus Diadochoceras nodosocostatiforme Hypacanthoplites sp upper

H. rubricosusAptian Hypacanthoplites subcornuerianus

Tanohata Fm uppermost upper

Acanthohoplites nolani s jacobi Diadochoceras nodosocostatum Nolaniceras nolani Hypacanthoplite

Parahoplites melchioris Parahoplites cunningtoni s Upper es Tropaeum subarcticum upper Aptian Paraholpit nutfieldensi Barren Epicheloniceras martini Epicheloniceras buxtorfi Cheloniceras (Epicheloniceras ) buxtorfi s

E. gracile as C (E ) gracile Lower Greensand

E. debile Chelonicer C (E ) debile martinioide Wada Fm Dufrenoyia dufrenoyi Cheloniceras (C ) meyendorffi

Dufrenoyia furcata ki Aptian Aptian D. furcata Dufrenoyia transitoria Cheloniceras bowerban Tropaeum － 215 (C ) aff Deshayesites grandis upper cornuerianum Deshaysites grandis lower Deshaysites deshayesi es Cheloniceras (C ) parinodum deshayesi Deshayesit Deshayesite callidiscus Lower Roloboceras hambrovi D. kiliani

Deshaysites forbesi lower Aptian es forbesi

Deshayesit D. fittoni

Deshayesites luppovi Prodeshayesites obsoletus Barren

Deshaysites oglanlensis es P. bodei fissicostatus Prodeshayesit Pseudocrioceras waagenoides Martelites sarasini M. sarasini Anglesites puzosianum Heteroceras emerici Imerites giraudi Imerites giraudi Hemihoplites feraudianus

Upper Gerhardtia sartousiana Gerhardtia provincialis G. sartousiana Toxancyloceras Barrancyloceras barremense vandenheckii Toxacyloceras vandenheckii Karteniceras

asaticum , Nagashiba Fm Heinzia caicedi

Moutoniceras moutonianum lower Pulchellia Coronites darsi ishidoensis Barremian Subtocrapella defayae Barremian Kotetishvilia Heinzia communis compressissima Nicklesia didayana Holcodiscus fallax Lower Nicklesia pulchella Kotetishvilia nicklesi Taveraidiscus hugii Psilotissotia colombiana auctotum T. hugii auctotum

Fig 10 Lower Cretaceous ammonite zonal distributions of the stratotype in France, the Lower Greensand in England, Miyako, Japan and Kochi Basin Bulletin of Tokyo Gakugei University, Division of Natural Sciences, Vol. 69 (2017) concluded that the lower part of the Hanoura Formation Hypacanthoplites subcornuerianus Zone indicates upper indicates the Barremian time. Karsteniceras asiaticum Aptian. Miyakoceras tanohatense occurs in the upper part occurs also both in the lower part of the Ishido Formation of the Tanohata Formation and the lower part of the Hiraiga with Pulchellia ishidoensis (Matsukawa, 1988), and in the Formation of the group. These formations comprise the middle part of the Hanoura Formation (Matsukawa and Hypacanthoplites subcornuerianus Zone with Uhligella Obata, 2015). The species suggests the Barremian in age. matsushimaensis and Euphylloceras californicum. Co- The lower association, therefore, can be assigned to the occurrence of Hypacanthoplites sp. and Uhligella sp. from Barremian. the uppermost association indicating that the horizon of loc. The upper association, from locs. Kc 10 and Kc 9, consists Kc 15 representing uppermost association can be correlated of Euphylloceras cf. californicum, Pseudohaploceras to Hypacanthoplites subcornuerianus Zone of the Miyako tosaense, Neosilesites hagiwarai, Miyakoceras tanohatense, Group. Based on Aptian to lower Albian of ammonite zonal Macroscaphites cf. yvani, Hamitid ? gen. et sp. indet., classification and correlation with the Lower Greensand in Cheloniceras (C.) aff. cornuerianum, Cheloniceras (C.) sp. the UK (Casey, 1961b), Hypacanthoplites rubricosus, H. A, C. (C.) sp. B, Colombiceras hiratai. and Hypacanthoplites anglicus, they are allied to H. subcornuerianus from the sp. Based on Aptian to lower Albian of ammonite zonal Miyako Group (Obata and Matsukawa, 2017), are subzone classification and correlation of the Lower Greensand in the species of H. jacobi Zone indicating the upper part of the UK (Casey, 1961b), Cheloniceras (C.) parinodum and C. (C.) upper Aptian, and H. milletiodes is subzone species of meyendorffi are subzone species of both Cheloniceras (C.) Leymeriella tardefurcata Zone indicating the lower part of parinodum and C. (C.) meyendorffi subzones of the lower Albian. In the Miyako Group, H. subcornuerianus Deshayesites deshayesi and Tropaeum bowerbanki zones, occurs only in H. subcornuerianus Zone assigning to the respectively, which indicate upper part of the Lower Aptian. upper Aptian. So, I conclude that the uppermost association Then, Hypacanthoplites jacobi is zone species of the H. indicates the upper Aptian. jacobi Zone indicating upper part of the upper Aptian. Based on Obata and Matsukawa (2009), in the Inubouzaki 4. 2 Characteristics of fauna Formation of the Choshi Group, Japan, Colombiceras satowi The ammonite associations of the Kochi Basin contain occurs with Tropaeum (T.) aff. benstedi and Australiceras particular ammonite morphologies that appear to be related aff. gigas. Tropaeum (T.) benstedi, allied to Tropaeum (T.) to paleoenvironmental conditions. The middle to upper aff. benstedi, occurs in the Cheloniceras martinioides Zone, parts of the Nagashiba and Wada formations are interpreted assigned to lower part of the upper Aptian of the Lower to be deposited in shallow marine environments. The lower Greensand in the UK (Casey, 1961b). In addition, ammonite association is represented by three localities of Australiceras gigas, allied to A. aff. gigas, occurs in the the Nagashiba Formation, and comprises two species; Deshayesites deshayesi Zone and Tropaeum bowerbanki Pulchellia ishidoensis and Karsteniceras asiaticum. These Zone, assigned to upper part of the lower Aptian of the ammonite forms are (1) ornate planispiral form and (2) Lower Greensand in the UK (Casey, 1961b). So, I conclude heteromorph form, respectively. The ratio of these two that the upper association of the Wada Formation indicates morphotypes is 1:1. from upper part of the lower Aptian to lower part of the The upper and uppermost ammonite associations come upper Aptian of the Lower Greensand in the UK. from the upper part of the Wada Formation. The strata are The uppermost association, from the loc. Kc 15, consists considered to indicate shallow marine environment of the of Hypophylloceras cf. onoense, Phylloceratidae gen. et sp. time when transgression advanced. Ammonite morphotypes indet., Aconeceras (A.) sp., Pseudohaploceras tosaense, of the upper and uppermost associations include; (1) Uhligella sp., Leptoceratoidinae gen. et sp., indet., dominantly smooth or weakly ornate planispiral forms Colombiceras hiratai and Hypacanthoplites sp. According (three species and three genera of Phylloceratida, one to Obata and Matsukawa (2017), the Miyako Group species and one genus of Oppelidae, two species and two consists of three ammonite zones; Hypacanthoplites genera of Desmoceratidae, two species and two genera of subcornuerianus, Diadochoceras nodosocostatiforme and Silisitidae; n = 32), (2) commonly ornate planispiral forms Douvilleiceras mammilatum zones in ascending order. The (three species and one genus of Douvilleiceratidae, and two

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Bulletin of Tokyo Gakugei University, Division of Natural Sciences, Vol. 69 (2017) tanohatense was described in the Yop Formation in hiratai which allied to C. cf. satowi occurs in the Kochi Philippines (Matsukawa et al., 2012), and M. sp. was also Basin. These ammonites migrated across the Pacific basin described in the middle to upper Aptian of Colombia during Aptian time. They are third, forth and fifth examples (Bogdanova and Hoedemaeker, 2004). I don’t know crossing the Pacific basin, and an ornate spiral form whether they migrated from west to east or from east to ammonite as the first example migrated across the Pacific west across the Pacific basin during Aptian, because the basin. time more highly precise than Aptian isn’t indicated geological age in those areas. Acknowledgements

5. Conclusions I thank J. W. Haggart (Geological Survey of Canada, Vancouver) for critical reading of an early version of the 1. Eighteen Barremian to Aptian ammonite species manuscript. I also thank late M. Hirata (Hirata Geological including one new species (Pseudohaploceras tosaense) Laboratory in Kochi) for collecting the material described from the Kochi Basin, Japan, are described on the basis of herein, and T. Yasui (Yokokurayama Museum in Nature at 74 specimens. Ochi Town, Kochi) and T. Yamanouchi (Kochi Prefectural 2. The ammonite specimens comprise three distinct Makino Botanical Garden, Kochi) for studying of the associations, from lower and upper parts of the Barremian Hirata collections. The study was financially supported in to Aptian of the Kochi Basin. The lower association, from part by the fund of the Japan Society for the Promotion of the Nagashiba Formation, comprises two species of two Science (Matsukawa, 15K05328-0). genera. The upper association, from the Wada Formation, comprises 11 species of 9 genera. And the uppermost References association, from the Wada Formation, comprises eight species of eight genera. At the generic level, these Anderson, F.M., 1938. Lower Cretaceous deposits in California and ammonites occur commonly in the Barremian – Aptian Oregon. Geological Society of America, Special Paper 16, x + (Lower Cretaceous) of Western and Eastern Europe, west – 339 pp. central and southeast Asia, the Pacific coast of North and Arkell, W.J., 1950. A classification of the Jurassic ammonites. South America. At the species level, both Pulchellia Journal of Paleontology 24, 354-364, figs. 1-2. ishidoensis and Karsteniceras asiaticum from the Arkell, W.J., Kummel, B., Wright, C. W., 1957. Mesozoic Nagashiba Formation is common in the Ishido Formation Ammonoidea. In: Moore, R.C. (Ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate (Barremian) in the Sanchu Cretaceous and the Hanoura Paleontology, Part L. Mollusca 4, Cephalopoda, Ammonoidea. Formation (Barremian) in the Katsuuragawa Basin, The Geological Society of America, Boulder, and the University southwest Japan. Neosilesites hagiwarai and Miyakoceras of Kansas Press, Lawrence, L80-L465. tanohatense are common in the Toriakeura Formation (late Avram, E., 1994. Lower Cretaceous (Valanginian – Early Aptian) Aptian) of the Choshi Group and the Tanohata and Hiraiga ammonite succession in the Svinita region (SW Rumania). formations (late Aptian) of the Miyako Group, respectively. Geology Alpine 1994 Memoir H. S. no. 20, 113-167. 3. The ammonite associations of the Kochi Basin contain Bogdanova, T. N., Hoedemaeker, Ph. J., 2004. Barremian – Early particular ammonite morphologies that appear to be related Albian Deshayesitidae, Oppeliidae, Desmoceratidae and to paleoenvironmental conditions. The lower ammonite Silisitidae of Colombia. Scripta Geologica 128, 183-312. association consists of both ornate spiral coiled and Breistroffer, M., 1951. Sur quelques ammonites de l’Albien inférieur heteromorph forms, and the upper and uppermost de Madagascar. Compte Rendu sommaire des Séances de la associations consist of predominantly smooth or weakly Société géologique de France 1951, 266-268. ornate spiral coiled ammonites. These ammonites of both Breistroffer, M., 1953. Commentaires taxonomiques, p. 69-74. in: associations inhabited shallow marine environments. Breistroffer, M. and de Villoutreys, O., Les ammonites 4. Miyakoceras tanohatense, Colombiceras cf. satowi albiennes de Peille (Alpes – Maritimes). Travaux du Laboratoire and C. sp. migrated from Philippines to the Kochi Basin de Géologie de la Faculté des Science de l’Université de during Aptian with Oceanic current although Colombiceras Grenoble 30.

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Busnardo, R., 1965. Le stratotype du Barrémien. I. Lithologie et moyen. Mémoires de la Sociéte Géologique de France, macrofaune. In: Colloque sur le Crétacé inférieur (Lyon, Paléontologie mémoire No 38, 5-64, pl. 11-19. septembre 1963) Kakabadze, M. V., Hoedemaeker, Ph. J., Bogdanova, T. N., Casey, R., 1961a. A monograph of the Ammonoidea of the Lower Sharikadze, M. Z., 2004. On the Barremian – Early Albian Greensand.Part 3. The Palaeontographical Society, 119-216, pls. biogeography (by ammonites) of Colombia. Scripta Geologica 26-35. 128, 515-558. Casey, R., 1961b. The stratigraphical palaeontology of the Lower Katto, J., Obata, I., Yoshikura, S., Tsutiya, N., Handa, K., Ogawa, Y., Greensand. Palaeontology 3, 487-621. Sasaki, T., 1976. Geology of Mt. Konomori, Kochi, City, Japan. Casey, R., 1962. The monograph of the Ammonoidea of the Lower Report of Kochi University, Natural Science, 20, 107-115. [in Greensand.Part 4. Palaeontographical Society, 217-288, pls.36- Japanese with English summary] 42. Kawabe, F., 2007. Cephalopod fossils from the Cretaceous of Compilation Committee of the Regional Geography of Hanoura Rikuchu coast, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, especially Town, 1996. Natural environments: Regional geography of phylloceratids and lytoceratids of ammonoids. Preliminary Hanoura Town in Tokushima Prefecture. Hanoura Town, 265 Report of Fukada Geological Institute, 107-125. [in Japanese] pp. [in Japanese]. Kitamura, T., Matsukawa, M., Obata, I., Matsumoto, T., 1979. Douvillé, H., 1890. Sur la classification des Cératites de la Craie. Geological age of the Todai Formation in the Akaishi Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France (3)18, 275-292. Mountains, central Japan. Memoirs of the National Science Drushchits, V. V., 1956. Lower Cretaceous ammonites from the Museum, Tokyo, 12, 55-64, pl. 7. (in Japanese with English Crimea and northern Caucasus. Moscow University Publication, summary) 147p., 13 pls.[in Russian] Kobayashi, T., 1945. On the geology of the central part of southern Futakami, M., Matsukawa, M., Chen, P., Cao, Z. and Chen, J., 1995. Shikoku. Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography 20, p. Barremian ammonites from the Longzhaogou Group in eastern 19-45. Heilongjiang, northeast China. Journal of the Geological Matsukawa, M., 1988. Barremian ammonites from the Ishido Society of Japan, 101, 79-85. Formation, Japan – supplements and faunal analysis. Gill, T., 1871. Arrangement of the families of mollusks. Smithsonian Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of

Miscellaneous Collections 227, xi + 49 pp. Japan, N.S. 149, 396-416. Hyatt, A., 1889. Genesis of the Arietidae. Smithsonian Contributions Matsukawa, M., Haggart, J.W., Murphy, M., Rodda, P., 2017,

to Knowledge, no. 673, Washington D. C., xi + 238 pp., 14 pls. Ammonite genus Marshallites from Upper Albian (Lower Hyatt, A., 1900. Cephalopoda. In: Zittel, K.A. Textbook of Cretaceous) in Californian, and its paleobiogeographic Palaeontology, 1st English Edition, translated by C. R. Eastman, significance as migration tracer in northern circum-Pacific rim. Macmillan, London & New York, pp. 502-592, figs. 1049-1235. (in preparation) Hyatt, A., 1903. Pseudoceratites of the Cretaceous. Monographs of Matsukawa, M., Obata, I., 2015. Barremian – Albian (Early the United States Geological Survey 44, 1-352. Cretaceous) ammonite faunas of the Katsuuragawa Basin, Hirata, M., 1971. Geology of northern foot of mountains in Kochi southwest Japan. Cretaceous Research 56, 25-52. City. Geology of Kochi City and its adjacent areas part 2. Matsukawa, M., Sendon, S. V., Mateer, F. T., Sato, T., Obata, I., Chigaku Kenkyu (The journal of the Society of Earth scientists 2012. Early Cretaceous ammonite fauna of Catanduanes Island, and Amateurs of Japan) 22, 275-284. [in Japanese] Philippines. Cretaceous Research 37, 261-271. Hirata, M., 1974. Fossil catalogue from Kochi Prefecture, part 2. Matsumoto, T., Takahashi, T., Kawashita, Y, Muramoto, K., Kera, M., Mesozoic fossils except of plant fossils. Hirata Geological Kera, Y., Shimanuki, T., Yamashita, M., and Kokubun, H., 1988. Institute, Kochi, Nishimura printing Co. in Kochi, 68 p., 16 pls. A monograph of the Puzosiidae (Ammonoidea) from the (in Japanese) Cretaceous of Hokkaido. Palaeontological Society of Japan, Inose, H., Maeda, H., Sashida, K., 2013. Ammonoids from the Special Papers, no. 30, 179 pp. Sakiyama Formation of the Lower Cretaceous Miyako Group, Meek, F.B., 1876. A report on the invertebrate Cretaceous and Iwate Prefecture, northeast Japan. Bulletin of the National Tertiary fossils of the Upper Missouri country. in: F.V. Hayden, Science Museum of Nature and Science, Ser. C, 39, 43-50. Report of the United States Geological and Geographical Jacob, M. C., 1907. Études sur quellques ammonites du Crétacés Surveys of the Territories, vol. 9, 1xiv + 629 p, 84 figs, 45 pls.

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Murphy, M. A., 1956. Lower Cretaceous stratigraphic units of Cretaceous Ammonite Working Group, the “Kilian Group” northern California. American Association of Petroleum (Vienna, Austria 15th April 2008). Cretaceous Research 30, Geology Bulletin 40, 2098-2119. 496-502. Murphy, M. A., Rodda, P., 2006. California Early Cretaceous Reboulet, S., Rawson, P. F., Moreno-Bedmar, J. A., Aguirre-Urreta, Phylloceratidae (Ammonoidea). University of California, M. B. Barragán, R., Bogomolov, Y., Company, M., González- Riverside Campus Museum Contribution 7, 1-97, pls. 1-9. Arreola, C., Stoyanova, V. I.,Lukeneder, Matrion, B., Nakai, I., Hada, S.,1966. Discovery of Aptian ammonites from the Randrianaly, H., Vašiček, Z., Baraboshkin, E. J., Bert, D., Shimanto Terrain, western Shikoku. Transactions and Bersac, S., Bogdanova, T. N., Bulot, L. G., Louis Latil, J.-L., Proceedings of Palaeontological Society of Japan. 62, 242-250. Mikhailova, I. A., Ropolo, P., Szives, O., 2011. Report on the pls. 29, 30. 4th International Meeting of the IUGS Lower Cretaceous Obata, I., 1967. Lower Cretaceous ammonites from the Miyako Ammonite Working Group, the “Kilian Group” (Dijon, France, Group, part 2 some silesitid from the Miyako Group. 30th August 2010). Cretaceous Research 32, 786-793. Transactions and Proceedings of Palaeontological Society of Reboulet, S., Szives, O., Aguirre-Urreta, B., Barragán, R., Company, Japan, New Series, no. 67, 129-138, pl. 11. M., Idakieva, V., Ivanov, M., Kakabadze, M. V., Moreno- Obata, I., Matsukawa, M., 1980. Ontogeny and variation in Bedmar, J. A., Sandoval, J., Baraboshkin, E. J., Çağlar, M. K., Hypacanthoplites subcornuerianus, a Lower Cretaceous Főzy, I., González-Arreola, C., Kenjo, S., Lukeneder, A., hoplitid ammonite (Lower Cretaceous ammonite from the Raisossadat, S. N., Rawson, P. F., Tavera, J. M., 2014. Report Miyako Group, Part 6), Prof. Saburo Kanno Memorial Volume, on the 5th International Meeting of the IUGS Lower Cretaceous 185-211. Ammonite Working Group, the Kilian Group (Ankara, Turkey, Obata, I., Matsukawa, M., 1984. Cretaceous cephalopods from the 31st August 2013). Cretaceous Research 50, 126-137. Sanchu area, Japan. in: Obata, I., Matsukawa, M., Tanaka, K., Royo y Gómez, J., 1945. Fosiles del Barremiense colombiano. Kanai, Y., Watanabe, T. Bulletin of the National Science Compilación de los Estudio geológicos oficiales en Colombia. Museum, C (Geology and Paleontology) 10, 16-37. Servicio Geológico Nacional, Bogotá 6, 459-494. Obata, I., Matsukawa, M., 2007. Barremian-Aptian (Early Salfeld, H., 1924. Die Bedeutung der Konservativstämme für die Cretaceous) ammonites from the Choshi Group, Honshu Stammesentwicklung der Ammonoideen. Leipzig. 16 pp, 16 pls. (Japan). Cretaceous Research 28, 363-391. Sharikadze, M. Z., Kakabadze, M. V., Hoedemaeker, 2004. Aptian Obata, I., Matsukawa, M., 2009. Supplementary description of the and Early Albian Douvilleiceratidae, Acanthohoplitidae and ammonoids from the Barremian to Albian of the Choshi Parahoplitidae of Colombia. Scripta Geology 128, 313-514. Peninsula, Japan. Cretaceous Research 30, 253-269. Shimizu, S., 1931. The marine Lower Cretaceous deposits of Japan, Obata, I., Matsukawa, M., 2017. Aptian and Albian ammonites of the with special reference to the ammonite-bearing zones. Science Miyako Group, Japan (Lower Cretaceous ammonites of the Report, Tohoku Imperial University, 2nd series, Geology, 15, Miyako Group, Part 11). Cretaceous Research (in Review) 1-40. Obata, I., Matsumoto, T., 1977. Correlation of the Lower Cretaceous Spath, L.F., 1922. On the Senonian ammonite fauna of Pondoland. formations in Japan. Memoires of Faculty of Science, Kyushu Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 10, 113-148, University, D, 13, 165-179. [in Japanese with English abstract]. pl. 5-9. Orbigny, A. d’., 1841. Paléontologie française. Terrains crétacés, I. Spath, L.F., 1923. A monograph of the Ammonoidea of the Gault, Céphalopodes. Masson, Paris, p. 121-430. Part 1. Palaeontolographical Society (1921) London, p. 1-72, Parona, C.F., Bonarelli, G., 1897. Fossili Albiani d’Escragnolles del figs. 1-14, pls. 1-4. Nizzardo e della Liguria occidentale. Palaeontographia Italica 2 Spath, L. F., 1927. Revision of the Jurassic Cephalopod fauna of (for 1896), 53-112, pl. 10-14. Kachh (Cutch), [part 1]. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Puzos, M., 1832. Note sur un Scaphite remarquable. Bulletin de la India. Palaeontologia Indica (new series) 9, memoir 2, 1-71, pls. Societe Geologique de France (series 1), 2, 355-356, pl. 2. 1-7. Reboulet, S., Klein, J., Barragán, R., Company, M., González- Stanton, T. W., 1895. Fauna of the Knoxville beds. United States Arreola, C., Lukeneder, A., Raisossadat, S. N., Sandoval, J., Geological Survey, Bulletin 133, 1-132, pl. 1-20. Szives, O., Tavera, J. M., Vašíček, Z., Vermeulen, J., 2009. Stoyanow, A., 1949. Lower Cretaceous Stratigraphy in southeastern Report on the 3rd International Meeting of the IUGS Lower Arizona. Geological Society of America Memoir 38, 1-170,

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pls.1-27. Teraoka, Y., Obata, I, Mizuno, Y., 1980. Stratigraphy of the Shimanto Supergroup in the Chikanaga area, west Shikoku, with special reference to the Miyakoan and Gyliakian series. Bulletin of Geological Survey of Japan 31, 307-319. Thieuloy, J.-P., 1966. Leptocères berriasiens du massif de la Grande- Chartreuse. Géologie Alpine, Travaux du Laboratoire de Géologie de la Faculté des Sciences de Grenoble 42, 281-295, pl. 1,2. Uhlig, V., 1883. Die Cephalopodenfauna der Wernsdorfer Schichten. Denkschriften der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 46, 127- 290 [1-166], pls. 1-32. Vašíček, Z., 1972: Ammnnoidea of the Těšín ― Hradiště Formation (Lower Cretaceous) in the Moravskoslezskě Beskydy Mts. Rozpravy Úsředniho Ústav Gologický (Praha), 38, 103p. Vermeulen, J., 1997. Biohorizons ammonitiques dans le Barrémien du Sud-Est de la France (de la zone Hugii à la zone à Sartousiana). Géologie Alpine 73, 99-117. Westermann, G. G., 1996. Ammonoid life and habitat. In: Landman, N. H., Tanabe, K. and Davis, R. A. (eds.), Ammonoid paleobiology. Plenum Press, New York and London, 607-707. Wright, C. W., Calloman, J. H., Howarth, M. K., 1996. Cretaceous Ammonoidea. In: Brousius, E., Hardesty, J., Keim, J., Kerns, J. and Renteria, K. (eds.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part L. Mollusca 4 (revised). The Geological Society of America, Boulder, and The University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, xx + 362 pp. Yabe, H., Nagao, T., Shimizu, S., 1926. Cretaceous Mollusca from the Sanchu Graben in the Kwanto Mountainland, Japan. Science Report, Tohoku Imperial University (2) Geology 9, 33-76 [1- 44]. (including Yabe and Shimizu’s described ammonites) Zittel, K.A. von, 1884. Cephalopoda. in: Zittel, K.A. von (Ed.), Handbuch der Palaeontologie, 1(2). Oldenbourg, Munich/ Leipzig, pp. 329-522. Zittel, K.A. von, 1895. Grundzüge der Palaeontologie. Oldenbourg, Munich/Leipzig, viii + 971 pp.

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高知盆地のバレミアン―アプチアン期（下部白亜系）のアンモナイト動物群

松川正樹＊

環境科学分野

要旨

高知盆地の下部白亜系から産出するバレミアン―アプチアン期のアンモナイトの74標本が分類され， Pseudohaploceras tosaenseと命名された 1 新種を含む18種が記載された。アンモナイトは，下部白亜系の下部の長柴層と上部の和田層から産出する。長柴層は 2 属 2 種，和田層は15属16種が含まれる。これらのアンモナイトは，属レベルでは，西欧，東欧，中央アジア，東南アジア北米西海岸と南米西海岸から産出するバレミアン―アプチアン期のアンモナイトと共通的である。種レベルでは，長柴層からの 2 種は石堂層と羽ノ浦層（両方ともバレミアン期）からのもの同種で，和田層からの 2 種は銚子層群の酉明浦層と宮古層群の田野畑層と平井賀層（いずれも後期アプチアン期）からのものと同種である。また，3 種は後期アプチアン期に海流に運ばれてフィリピンから高知盆地に移動してきたものと解釈される。

キーワード: 下部白亜系，アンモナイト，体系的分類，殻形態解析，移動

＊東京学芸大学（184-8501 小金井市貫井北町 4-1-1）

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