Sosyalizm Mücadelesi

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Sosyalizm Mücadelesi Nisan 2020 Sayı 6 10 TL Salgın günlerinde Sosyalizm mücadelesi Covid-19 ve Otoriterizm Şovu | Şenol Karakaş Trump, Bolsonaro, Orban: Otoriter Dehşet | Çağla Oflas Maskeler Düştü “Felaket Kapitalizmi” Ateşe Odun Taşıyor | Tuna Emren Lenin’den Kaçmak mı? Neden? | Şenol Karakaş Pandemiler Zamanında Sosyalizm | Joseph Choonara Tarihten Yapraklar: Tek Ülkede Sosyalizm | Dilek Fırat Koronavirüs Krizi Değil, Neoliberalizmin Krizi | Bülent Somay Chris Harman ve Siyasal İktisadın Eleştirisi | Alex Callinicos Zizek’in Koronavirüs Hakkında Neredeyse Marx ve Yerli Halklar | John Bellamy Foster, Gelişigüzel Konuşması Üzerine | Sinan Özbek Brett Clark ve Hannah Holleman Kapitalizmin Enerji İhtiyacı ve İklim Krizi | Erkin Erdoğan AKP ve Kemalizm | Roni Margulies Gezegende Çok Fazla İnsan mı Var? | Martin Empson Türkiye’de ve Dünyada İşçi Hareketleri | Faruk Sevim Ekonomik Kriz, İklim Krizi, Salgın Krizi ve Biriken Öfke | Özdeş Özbay Teknoloji “Bizim” Ne Kadar Dışımızda? | Sibel Erduman Eşitlik Arayışının İki Uğrağındaki Göçmenler ve Marx’ın Din Eleştirisi: Sinan Özbek’in Son Kitabı Üzerine | Z.Soner Dinç Mezar Kazıcıları Olarak Milliyetçiler | Polat S. Alpman Dört Kitap: Malcolm X, Eleanor Marx, Gramsci, Putin ve Günden Güne Otoriterleşen Rusya | Melike Işık Rosa Luxemburg | Akın Deniz Sorucu İçindekiler Covid-19 ve Otoriterizm Şovu 7 Şenol Karakaş Maskeler Düştü “Felaket Kapitalizmi” Ateşe Odun Taşıyor 13 Tuna Emren Pandemiler Zamanında Sosyalizm 23 Joseph Choonara Koronavirüs Krizi Değil, Neoliberalizmin Krizi 41 Bülent Somay Zizek’in Koronavirüs Hakkında Neredeyse Gelişigüzel Konuşması Üzerine 45 Sinan Özbek Kapitalizmin Enerji İhtiyacı ve İklim Krizi 48 Erkin Erdoğan Gezegende Çok Fazla İnsan mı Var? 54 Martin Empson Ekonomik Kriz, İklim Krizi, Salgın Krizi ve Biriken Öfke 58 Özdeş Özbay Eşitlik Arayışının İki Uğrağındaki Göçmenler ve Mezar Kazıcıları Olarak Milliyetçiler 67 Polat S. Alpman Putin ve Günden Güne Otoriterleşen Rusya 76 Melike Işık Trump, Bolsonaro, Orban: Otoriter Dehşet 82 Çağla Oflas Lenin’den Kaçmak mı? Neden? 91 Şenol Karakaş Tarihten Yapraklar: Tek Ülkede Sosyalizm 102 Dilek Fırat Chris Harman ve Siyasal İktisadın Eleştirisi 109 Alex Callinicos Marx ve Yerli Halklar 120 John Bellamy Foster, Brett Clark ve Hannah Holleman AKP ve Kemalizm 134 Roni Margulies Türkiye’de ve Dünyada İşçi Hareketleri 140 Faruk Sevim Teknoloji Bizim Ne Kadar Dışımızda? 145 Sibel Erduman Marx’ın Din Eleştirisi: Sinan Özbek’in Son Kitabı Üzerine 148 Z.Soner Dinç Dört Kitap: Malcolm X, Eleanor Marx, Gramsci, Rosa Luxemburg 150 Akın Deniz Sorucu 1 “Kapitalist toplum düzeni, çare bulunması gereken kötülükleri yeniden ve yeniden üretiyor.” Friedrich Engels. Küresel salgın hepimizi bir ölüm kalım mücadelesinin içine çekti. Bir yandan bu mücadeleyi verirken bir yandan da 1800’lü yılların başından beri sosyalistlerin kapitalist üretim tarzı hakkında anlattıkları, bugün gözlerden saklanamaz ve yıkıcı gerçekler olarak milyarlarca insan tarafından gözlemleniyor, deneyimleniyor. Üretim, beslenme, barınma, sağlık, eğitim, güvenlik gibi alanlarda tüm insanlığın yaşamı- nı rahatça sürdürmesine yetecek kaynaklara sahip olmamıza rağmen, kapitalizm, gezegeni, üzerindeki tüm canlı yaşamıyla mahvediyor. Tüm olanakları sermayenin kullanımına açan bir sistem olarak, yaşamı emen saf kötülük olduğu her geçen gün berraklaşıyor. Küresel bir yıkım ve bu yıkımı durdurmak için işbirliğiyle, dayanışmayla ayakta durmaya çalışan, en çok hasarı almasına rağmen insanlığın tümünü salgından sakınmak için varını yoğunu ortaya koyan işçi sınıfı, 2019 yılını öfkeli eylemlerle tamamlamışken, salgınla birlikte daha da öfkelenmiş bir halde. Kaynakları har vurup harman savuran, sadece zenginleri kollayan sistem, ekonomik krizlerle, derinleşen iklim kriziyle, salgın kriziyle insanlığı bir karar aşamasına getirdi: Ya insanlığın toptan çöküşüne sessiz kalınacak ve bildiğimiz yaşamın sonu gelecek ya da kapitalizme son verilecek! Enternasyonal Sosyalizm, sesi olmayan tüm canlıların da yaşama hakkını savuna- rak, ikinci tercihin örgütlenmesine küçük de olsa bir katkı yapmak için 6. sayısıyla karşınızda. Derginin ilk yazısı “Covid-19 ve Otoriterizm Şovu” başlığını taşıyor. Şenol Kara- kaş, yazıda dünyada öfke birikirken, Türkiye’de hükümetin salgın karşısındaki tutu- munun da ayrıca bir öfke biriktirdiğini ve yerli-milli otoriter rejimin adaletsizlikleri derinleştirdiğini savunuyor. 2 Tuna Emren, “Maskeler Düştü - ‘Felaket Kapitaliz- Polat Alpman, ırkçılığın ele alınışındaki farklılıkları, mi’ Ateşe Odun Taşıyor” başlıklı makalesinde Covid-19 bilimsellik iddiasındaki analitik inşa olarak ortaya atılan salgınının, kapitalist üretim tarzıyla köklü ilişkisini bir ırk kavramına folklorik bir malzeme olarak eklenen dizi tarihsel referansla ele alıyor. Yazıda salgın ve genel kültürcülüğün millet kategorisi haline dönüşmesini, bu olarak insanın doğayla ilişkisine dair güncel teorik bir milletin popülizm marifetiyle nefret ekseninde yeniden tartışma da sürdürülüyor. örgütlenmesini ve yurttaşlık ile evrensel insan hakları arasındaki boşluk tarafından mücrim ilan edilen göç- “Pandemiler Zamanında Sosyalizm” makalesinde menlerin dünyayı nasıl değiştirdiğini tartışıyor. Joseph Choonara salgınların insanlık tarihinde ortaya çıkışlarını, içinde ifade oldukları toplumsal örgütlenmey- Melike Işık, “Putin ve Günden Güne Otoriterleşen le bağlarını ele aldıktan sonra, son pandeminin kapitalist Rusya” başlıklı makalesinde, iktidar yılları boyunca Pu- üretimin doğrudan bir sonucu lduğunu gösterip, kapi- tin’in otoriter rejimi nasıl inşa ettiğini, milliyetçilik gibi talist tarım, çiftçilik ve hayvancılık üzerine düşünceleri, ideolojileri nasıl farklılaştırıp kullandığını, Stalinizm’in güncel referanslarla birlikte kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alıyor. mirasıyla kurduğu gerilimli ilişkiyi ve rejimin Rusya’da özgürlük isteyenler açısından taşıdığı anlamı ele alıyor. “Koronavirüs Krizi Değil, Neoliberalizmin Krizi” başlıklı yazısında Bülent Somay, salgın başlar başla- Çağla Oflas, “Trump, Bolsonaro, Orban: Otoriter maz sol çevrelerde ortaya çıkan tartışmaların bazılarını Dehşet” başlıklı yazısında ABD, Brezilya ve Macaris- değerlendiriyor ve bu tartışmaların hem salgını hem de tan’da otoriter siyasi figürlerin iktidara gelişlerine ve salgın karşısında alınacak kolektif tedbirleri doğru bir ekonomik, politik uygulamalarıyla ideolojik alanda şekilde tayin etmesi için en sağlam zemini tarif ediyor. yarattıkları tahribatlara değiniyor.. Sinan Özbek, “Zizek’in Koronavirüs Hakkında “Lenin’den Kaçmak Mı? Neden?” yazısında Şenol Neredeyse Gelişigüzel Konuşması Üzerine” başlıklı Karakaş, Lenin’in 150. doğum yılında bugünün müca- makalesinde, salgının başlamasıyla bu konu hakkında deleleri için Bolşevik Devrimi’nin deneyimlerinden fay- hızla yorumlar yapan ve bir tartışma yaratan Zizek’in dalanmanın olanaklarını tartışıyor. Yazı, Lenin hakkında devlet, salgın, ulusötesi ve salgının önlenmesi gibi baş- yaratılan yanıltıcı efsanelerin, onun fikirlerine en çok lıklarda dile getirdiği iddialara ve önerilere karşı iddialar ihtiyaç duyanlarla arasına duvar ördüğünün altını çiziyor. ve önerilerle yanıt veriyor. Dilek Fırat tarafından 1980’li yılların sonunda ka- “Kapitalizmin Enerji İhtiyacı ve İklim Krizi” başlıklı leme alınan “Tarihten Yapraklar: Tek Ülkede Sosyalizm” makalesinde Erkin Erdoğan, küresel ısınmanın baş başlıklı makale ise bugün de belirleyici olan çok önemli aktörlerinden biri olan enerji sektörü ve sermayenin bir tartışmaya yapılan etkili bir müdahale. 12 Eylül dar- enerji ihtiyacı üzerinden, iklim krizine kalıcı bir çözüm besinden sonra yurtdışında sürgünde yaşamak zorunda bulunmasını sağlayabilecek büyük dönüşümün ne kalan Doğan Tarkan ve Dilek Fırat gibi sosyalistlerin o tür temellere dayanması gerektiğini ele alıyor ve öte zamanlar sürdürdüğü tartışmalar, süreklilik içerisinde yandan ekolojik ekonomi akımı içerisindeki bir dizi bugün okuduğunuz dergiyi çıkartan aktivistlerin siyasal güncel tartışmaya ve bireysel çözümlerin iklim adaleti geleneği olarak şekillendi. Yazı, bu açıdan başka bir mücadelesi içindeki yerine değiniyor. anlam daha taşıyor. Martin Empson “Gezegende Çok Fazla İnsan mı “Chris Harman ve Siyasal İktisadın Eleştirisi”, Alex Var?” başlıklı makalesinde iklim krizini nüfus yoğun- Callinicos’un arkadaşı ve ölene kadar teorik bir diyalog luğuyla açıklayan tezlerle tartışıyor. Salgından önce sürdürdüğü yoldaşı Chris Harman’ın ölüm yıldönümü kaleme alınan yazı Trump, Bolsonaro ve Boris Johnson için kaleme aldığı bir makale. Callinicos, Harman’ın gibi, bir açıdan sürü bağışıklığı stratejisiyle özellikle yaşlı özellikle Marksist ekonomi teorisine katkılarını ele nüfusun salgından ölmesine kapı aralayan otoriter siya- alıyor. setçilerle birlikte ele alındığında güncelliğini koruyor. “Marx ve Yerli Halklar” yazısı, John Bellamy Özdeş Özbay, “Ekonomik Kriz, İklim Krizi, Sal- Foster, Brett Clark ve Hannah Holleman tarafından gın Krizi ve Biriken Öfke” başlıklı yazısında salgının kaleme alındı. Yazarlar, sömürgecilik ve emperyalizm sadece ekonomi üzerinde değil iklim krizi üzerinde de tartışmaları güncelleşirken bazı diğer yazarların Karl bir etkiye sahip olduğunu, salgına karşı egemen sınıf Marx’ın kapitalizm, sömürgecilik ve emperyalizm eleş- temsilcilerinin aldığı önlemlerin, ne küresel iklim tirilerine mesafeli bir pozisyon almalarının arka planını krizini ne de yoksulların çektiği sıkıntıları engelleme tartışıyorlar. Makale Marx ve Engels’in bu alandaki çok potansiyeli taşıdığını savunuyor. önemli tartışmalarını da açığa seriyor. “Eşitlik Arayışının İki Uğrağındaki Göçmenler ve Roni Margulies, “AKP
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