Opengis Implementation Standard for Geographic Information - Simple Feature Access - Part 1: Common Architecture”
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Show Guideguide Web Searching for GIS Services and Web Mapping Have Been Either Published Or an Introduction Adopted by OGC
showshow guideguide Web searching for GIS services and Web Mapping have been either published or An Introduction adopted by OGC. Who are OGC’s members? to OpenGIS There are three main levels of OGC membership: Principal, Technical and By Adam Gawne-Cain and Chris Holcroft Associate. The higher membership levels confer more voting rights. There are now OpenGIS is the activity pursued by the Open GIS over 300 members featuring 20 Principal members and 25 Technical members from Consortium (OGC). OpenGIS seeks to achieve around the globe. transparent access to disparate geo-data and geo- The membership of OGC is impressively processing resources in a networked environment by broad. Most major GIS companies are members, along with database companies, providing a rich suite of open interface specifications. operating system companies, national mapping agencies, large government These interface specifications will enable GIS developers departments, universities and research to create inter-operable components that provide this institutes. The membership is international, but mainly focused in North transparency. America and Europe. The difference between OpenGIS and A second advantage of OGC’s interface- How does OGC make Interface previous attempts to standardise GIS is based approach is that users can be sure Specifications? that OGC agrees interfaces, and not that they are looking at genuine, live data, Every two months, the OGC Technical neutral file formats. The problem with and not at a static file generated some time Committee (TC) and Management neutral file formats (e.g. SDTS or NTF) in the past. Committee (MC) meet for a week. was that specifications grew so complex The meetings are held in different that each GIS could only support a sub-set A third, practical advantage of interfaces locations around the world, hosted by one of the format. -
Standards and Guidelines for Cadastral Surveys Using GPS
Table of Contents Foreword ........................................................................................................................................ 3 Part One: Standards for Positional Accuracy ................................................................................ 4 Part Two: GPS Survey Guidelines ................................................................................................ 5 Section One: Field Data Acquisition Methods Section Two: Field Survey Operations and Procedures Cadastral Project Control Cadastral Measurements Section Three: Data Processing and Analysis Section Four: Project Documentation Appendix A: Definitions ............................................................................................................. 16 Appendix B: Computation of Accuracies ................................................................................... 18 Appendix C: References ............................................................................................................. 19 Attachment 1-2 Foreword These Standards and Guidelines provide guidance to the Government cadastral surveyor and other land surveyors in the use of Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to perform Public Land Survey System (PLSS) surveys of the Public Lands of the United States of America. Many sources were consulted during the preparation of this document. These sources included other GPS survey standards and guidelines, technical reports and manuals. Opinions and reviews were also sought from public and -
National Spatial Reference System: "Positioning Changes for 2022"
National Spatial Reference System “Positioning Changes for 2022” Civil GPS Service Interface Committee Meeting Miami, Florida September 24, 2018 Denis Riordan, PSM NOAA, National Geodetic Survey [email protected] U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration National Geodetic Survey Mission: To define, maintain & provide access to the National Spatial Reference System (NSRS) to meet our Nation’s economic, social & environmental needs National Spatial Reference System * Latitude * Scale * Longitude * Gravity * Height * Orientation & their variations in time U. S. Geometric Datums in 2022 National Spatial Reference System (NSRS) Improvements in the Horizontal Datums TIME NETWORK METHOD NETWORK SPAN ACCURACY OF REFERENCE NAD 27 1927-1986 10 meter (1 part in 100,000) TRAVERSE & TRIANGULATION - GROUND MARKS USED FOR NAD83(86) 1986-1990 1 meter REFERENCING (1 part THE in 100,000) NSRS. NAD83(199x)* 1990-2007 0.1 meter GPS B- orderBECOMES (1 part THE in MEANS 1 million) OF POSITIONING – STILL GRND MARKS. HARN A-order (1 part in 10 million) NAD83(2007) 2007 - 2011 0.01 meter 0.01 meter GPS – CORS STATIONS ARE MEANS (CORS) OF REFERENCE FOR THE NSRS. NAD83(2011) 2011 - 2022 0.01 meter 0.01 meter (CORS) NSRS Reference Basis Old Method - Ground Current Method - GNSS Stations Marks (Terrestrial) (CORS) Why Replace NAD83? • Datum based on best known information about the earth’s size and shape from the early 1980’s (45 years old), and the terrestrial survey data of the time. • NAD83 is NON-geocentric & hence inconsistent w/GNSS . • Necessary for agreement with future ubiquitous positioning of GNSS capability. Future Geometric (3-D) Reference Frame Blueprint for 2022: Part 1 – Geometric Datum • Replace NAD83 with new geometric reference frame – by 2022. -
Cityjson: a Compact and Easy-To-Use Encoding of the Citygml Data Model
CityJSON: A compact and easy-to-use encoding of the CityGML data model Hugo Ledoux Ken Arroyo Ohori Kavisha Kumar Balazs´ Dukai Anna Labetski Stelios Vitalis This is the author’s version of the work. It is posted here only for personal use, not for redistribution and not for commercial use. The definitive version will be published in the journal Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards soon. H. Ledoux, K. Arroyo Ohori, K. Kumar, B. Dukai, A. Labetski, and S. Vitalis (2018). CityJ- SON: A compact and easy-to-use encoding of the CityGML data model. Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards, In Press. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40965-019-0064-0 Full details of the project: https://cityjson.org The international standard CityGML is both a data model and an exchange for- mat to store digital 3D models of cities. While the data model is used by several cities, companies, and governments, in this paper we argue that its XML-based ex- change format has several drawbacks. These drawbacks mean that it is difficult for developers to implement parsers for CityGML, and that practitioners have, as a con- sequence, to convert their data to other formats if they want to exchange them with others. We present CityJSON, a new JSON-based exchange format for the CityGML data model (version 2.0.0). CityJSON was designed with programmers in mind, so that software and APIs supporting it can be quickly built. It was also designed to be compact (a compression factor of around six with real-world datasets), and to be friendly for web and mobile development. -
DOTD Standards for GPS Data Collection Accuracy
Louisiana Transportation Research Center Final Report 539 DOTD Standards for GPS Data Collection Accuracy by Joshua D. Kent Clifford Mugnier J. Anthony Cavell Larry Dunaway Louisiana State University 4101 Gourrier Avenue | Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808 (225) 767-9131 | (225) 767-9108 fax | www.ltrc.lsu.edu TECHNICAL STANDARD PAGE 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. FHWA/LA.539 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date DOTD Standards for GPS Data Collection Accuracy September 2015 6. Performing Organization Code 127-15-4158 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Kent, J. D., Mugnier, C., Cavell, J. A., & Dunaway, L. Louisiana State University Center for GeoInformatics 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. Center for Geoinformatics Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering 11. Contract or Grant No. Louisiana State University LTRC Project Number: 13-6GT Baton Rouge, LA 70803 State Project Number: 30001520 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Louisiana Department of Transportation and Final Report Development 6/30/2014 P.O. Box 94245 Baton Rouge, LA 70804-9245 14. Sponsoring Agency Code 15. Supplementary Notes Conducted in Cooperation with the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration 16. Abstract The Center for GeoInformatics at Louisiana State University conducted a three-part study addressing accurate, precise, and consistent positional control for the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development. First, this study focused on Departmental standards of practice when utilizing Global Navigational Satellite Systems technology for mapping-grade applications. Second, the recent enhancements to the nationwide horizontal and vertical spatial reference framework (i.e., datums) is summarized in order to support consistent and accurate access to the National Spatial Reference System. -
Understanding and Working with the OGC Geopackage Keith Ryden Lance Shipman Introduction
Understanding and Working with the OGC Geopackage Keith Ryden Lance Shipman Introduction - Introduction to Simple Features - What is the GeoPackage? - Esri Support - Looking ahead… Geographic Things 3 Why add spatial data to a database? • The premise: - People want to manage spatial data in association with their standard business data. - Spatial data is simply another “property” of a business object. • The approach: - Utilize the existing SQL data access model. - Define a simple geometry object. - Define well known representations for passing structured data between systems. - Define a simple metadata schema so applications can find the spatial data. - Integrate support for spatial data types with commercial RDBMS software. Simple Feature Model 10 area1 yellow Feature Table 11 area2 green 12 area3 Blue Feature 13 area4 red Geometry Feature Attribute • Feature Tables contain rows (features) sharing common properties (Feature Attributes). • Geometry is a Feature Attribute. Database Simple Feature access Query Connection model based on SQL Cursor Value Geometry Type 1 Type 2 Spatial Geometry (e.g. string) (e.g. number) Reference Data Access Point Line Area Simple Feature Geometry Geometry SpatialRefSys Point Curve Surface GeomCollection LineString Polygon MultiSurface MultiPoint MultiCurve Non-Instantiable Instantiable MultiPolygon MultiLineString Some of the Major Standards Involved • ISO 19125, Geographic Information - Simple feature access - Part 1: common architecture - Part 2: SQL Option • ISO 13249-3, Information technology — Database -
UNIT-II GPS Systems:NAVSTAR-GLONAAS-Beidou-QZSS-IRNSS-GPS Receivers Based On: Data Type and Yield-Realization of Channels-Signal
UNIT-II GPS systems:NAVSTAR-GLONAAS-Beidou-QZSS-IRNSS-GPS receivers based on: Data type and yield-Realization of channels-Signal structure:Course Acquisition(code)-Carrier ranging and Navigational message Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS,[1] is a satellite-based radionavigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Space Force.[2] It is one of the global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) that provides geolocation and time information to a GPS receiver anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites.[3] Obstacles such as mountains and buildings block the relatively weak GPS signals. The GPS does not require the user to transmit any data, and it operates independently of any telephonic or internet reception, though these technologies can enhance the usefulness of the GPS positioning information. The GPS provides critical positioning capabilities to military, civil, and commercial users around the world. The United States government created the system, maintains it, and makes it freely accessible to anyone with a GPS receiver.[4][better source needed] The GPS project was started by the U.S. Department of Defense in 1973, with the first prototype spacecraft launched in 1978 and the full constellation of 24 satellites operational in 1993. Originally limited to use by the United States military, civilian use was allowed from the 1980s following an executive order from President Ronald Reagan.[5] Advances in technology and new demands on the existing system have now led to efforts to modernize the GPS and implement the next generation of GPS Block IIIA satellites and Next Generation Operational Control System (OCX).[6] Announcements from Vice President Al Gore and the Clinton Administration in 1998 initiated these changes, which were authorized by the U.S. -
Gis Sections Proposal
COORDINATING WORKING PARTY ON FISHERY STATISTICS Sixth Meeting of the Aquaculture Subject Group (AS) and Twenty-seventh meeting of the Fisheries Subject Group (FS) GIS TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP FOR THE CWP HANDBOOK - GIS SECTIONS PROPOSAL Emmanuel Blondel (FAO) – [email protected] 1 CWP – AS 6th Session and FS 27th Session Rome, Italy – 15-16 May 2019 GIS Section Overview Title Definition / Scope Target Spatial reference systems Standards to use for handling a spatial reference system CWP Handbook (SRS) used with fisheries dataset. GIS Section Definitions; rationale; equivalent terminologies; recommended standard format & notations; use of Spatial Reference Identifiers (SRIDs); SRS use cases Geographic coordinates Standards for handling properly geographic coordinates CWP Handbook for reference shapes and fisheries datasets. GIS Section Definitions; rationale; recommended standard formats; Geographic coordinates use cases. Geographic classification Geographic classification and coding systems used for CWP Handbook and coding systems fisheries data. GIS Section General; Types of geographic classification systems (Irregular areas, grid reporting systems, Others); Main geographic Water main areas classification systems (FAO Major Fishing areas, Breakdown of major fishing areas; Geographic coding systems; Geographic information Standards format for data and metadata, and related CWP Data sharing formats & protocols standard protocols. and protocols/ Data formats and protocols; Metadata formats and protocols; Geospatial Section Geographic information Geographic information list of resources of interest for CWP Website resources of interest for CWP the CWP. Geographic information reference web-catalogues; GIS datasets of primary interest; 2 CWP – AS 6th Session and FS 27th Session Rome, Italy – 15-16 May 2019 GIS Section Overview • Handbook GIS Section proposal • Title: Geographic Dimension • Structure 1. -
Mind the Gap! a New Positioning Reference
A new positioning reference Why is the United States adopting NATRF2022? What are we doing about this in Canada? We want to hear from you! • The Canadian Geodetic Survey and the United States • Improved compatibility with Global Navigation • The Canadian Geodetic Survey is working closely National Geodetic Survey have collaborated for Satellite Systems (GNSS), such as GPS, is driving this with the United States National Geodetic Survey in • Send us your comments, the challenges you over a century to provide the fundamental reference change. The geometric reference frames currently defining reference frames to ensure they will also foresee, and any concerns to help inform our path Mind the gap! systems for latitude, longitude and height for their used in Canada and the United States, although be suitable for Canada. forward to either of these organizations: respective countries. compatible with each other, are offset by 2.2 m from • Geodetic agencies from across Canada are A new positioning reference the Earth’s geocentre, whereas GNSS are geocentric. - Canadian Geodetic Survey: nrcan. • Together our reference systems have evolved collaborating on reference system improvements geodeticinformation-informationgeodesique. to meet today’s world of GPS and geographical • Real-time decimetre-level accuracies directly from through the Canadian Geodetic Reference System [email protected] NATRF2022 information systems, while supporting legacy datums GNSS satellites are expected to be available soon. Committee, a working committee of the Canadian -
OMB Circular No. A-16 Revised
OMB Circular No. A-16 Revised M-11-03, Issuance of OMB Circular A-16 Supplemental Guidance (November 10, 2010) (34 pages, 530 kb) August 19, 2002 TO THE HEADS OF EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS AND ESTABLISHMENTS SUBJECT: Coordination of Geographic Information and Related Spatial Data Activities This Circular provides direction for federal agencies that produce, maintain or use spatial data either directly or indirectly in the fulfillment of their mission. This Circular establishes a coordinated approach to electronically develop the National Spatial Data Infrastructure and establishes the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC). The Circular has been revised from the 1990 version to reflect changes in technology, further describe the components of the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI), and assign agency roles and responsibilities for development of the NSDI. The revised Circular names the Deputy Director for Management of OMB as Vice-Chair of the Federal Geographic Data Committee. TABLE OF CONTENTS BACKGROUND 1. What is the purpose of this Circular? 2. What is the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI)? a. What is the vision of the NSDI? b. What are the components of the NSDI? (1) What is a data theme? (2) What are metadata? (3) What is the National Spatial Data Clearinghouse? (4) What is a standard? (5) How are NSDI standards developed? (6) What is the importance of collaborative partnerships? (7) What are the federal activities and technologies that support the NSDI? 3. What are the benefits of the NSDI? 4. What is the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC)? a. What is the FGDC structure and membership? b. What are the FGDC procedures? POLICY 5. -
Web-Based Visualization of 3D Geospatial Data Using Java3d
Exploring Geovisualization Web-Based Visualization of 3D Geospatial Data Gobe Hobona, Philip James, and David Fairbairn Using Java3D University of Newcastle upon Tyne eb-based visualization of 3D geospatial tion for Standardization (ISO), which has adopted the Wdata has long been an area of research Simple Features model as the ISO19125 specification.4 within the geospatial information community. It’s a We’ve developed GeoDOVE, a Java3D-based prototype proven reliable and effective method for integrating het- system that retrieves geospatial data from conventional erogeneous data sets from different application domains spatial database servers, allows modification of the visu- and communicating the contents to the user. Early alization during runtime, and lets users remotely modi- research used the Virtual Reality Modeling Language fy attributes using the Structured Query Language (SQL). (VRML) for creating 2.5D and 3D virtual worlds. Since then, however, researchers have made significant GeoDOVE system architecture advances in geospatial information technology that could The current version of VRML⎯VRML97⎯offers two potentially help improve Web-based 3D geographic infor- approaches for linking a 3D model to external programs mation systems (GISs). For example, the geospatial infor- and data sources: mation community has standardized relational models for holding 3D spa- ■ script nodes and Spatial database servers allow tial data. Researchers have also made ■ the Java external authoring interface (EAI). for the storage and access of significant advances in the develop- 3D geospatial data using Open ment of spatial database engines Although the EAI provides a more flexible approach Geospatial Consortium such as MySQL (see http://www. to linking a VRML model to external programs than the standards. -
Oracle Spatial 11G Technical Overview
<Insert Picture Here> Oracle Spatial 11g Dr. Siva Ravada New in Oracle Spatial 11g • 3D Support • Spatial Web Services • Network Data Model • GeoRaster • Performance Improvements 3D Applications • Location-based services • Augmented reality • GIS Analytical Modeling • Terrain (2.5D) and 3D objects • City Planning/Administration • Infrastructure Design • Accurate descriptions of objects 3D Mash-ups GIS Analytical Modeling & Simulation Flood Plain Analysis Petroleum Exploration CAD Infrastructure Design Courtesy Parsons Brinckerhoff Simulation, Gaming, and VR Customer Requirements • Enterprise-class RDBMS to manage ALL geospatial types • 2D, 3D, Rasters, Networks, Topology, Attributes • Native type support, indexing, and analysis • Support for coordinate systems • Standards based: SQL, Java, .NET • Addresses range of 3D application domains • GIS, CAD/CAM • City Modeling, environmental analysis • Building City models (Collada, CityGML) • Real Estate, asset management • Personal navigation • VR, gaming, simulation • Geo-engineering (CAD) • Addresses large volumes of 3D point data • Laser scanning (LIDAR, sonar) • Surfaces (TINS, DEMS) Technology Trends in 3D • Massive new sensor hardware capabilities • Automated Data Capture with millions of points • Increased productivity in 3D data management workflow • Automatic and semi-automatic extraction of features from raw data • Improve performance and scalability of existing workflows • Bridging gap between GIS and CAD • Bring 3D to Mainstream Business Applications • Current applications do navigation