Five reasons for the chosen five and the rest had intermittent electricity. Five fingers open to share. Five fingers meet in a fist. Thats the beauty of five its sharing and its strength. And thats Progressive people: Because of the combined reasons why there were five reasons to choose these five villages of poverty, lack of size, trust in KGVK and the aspiration to on the forward course. raise their hopes and realise their dreams, these small It takes five villages village communities were quick in grasping the TVM tenets. Piloting five TVM model villages KGVK footprints: Each village either fell under some existing or previous KGVK projectGangpur and The challenge was: would TVM, as a social enterprise- cum-knowledge system, succeed in such difficult terrain? Total Village Management was conceived as a movement for, of and by the village: an integrated, equitable and Nishchintpur under the IWDP, Pali under ICEF and CAPART sustainable approach to village development through P4 and Kaizens. It consisted of eight key interlinked initiatives Dairy, Alna under SRTTor like Karma, was next door to A community awakes steps ahead or pillars- Natural resource management, Health, hygiene & sanitation, Education, Renewable energy, Livelihood, Rukka, the TVM Gurukul hub. In every village: Capacity building, Resource mobilisation and Infrastructure development. KGVK professionals and village animators called Size wise: All the chosen villages had less than 100 l representatives from every village to gather once every TVM needed grassroots owners- village sparks- to take charge of the movement and own the process. This demanded households, with Nishchintpur having only 26 households, week and list their problems ramping capacities of the community. making it easier for KGVK to mobilise people for TVM l All problems, including repetitions, were jotted down and classified under Natural Resource Management Tribal-dominated population: All these five villages or Social Capital by the villagers themselves. were hinterland ones with a tribal-dominated population. l Villagers, assisted by KGVK representatives, formed their own delegations and goals to analyze and attempt Below poverty line: Almost all villagers lived below the solving problems using the clarity of 4W & 1H, Kaizens poverty line defined according to the 10th Five-Year Plan and fishbone analysis techniques (2002-2007), which calculated a holistic degree of l Villagers, particularly women, adopted the 5S deprivation based on scores from 0-4 across 13 parameters methodology of organising their homes to enhance (landholding, type of house, clothing, food security, the quality of life sanitation, consumer durables, literacy, labour, livelihood, l Every villager resolved to raise his/her income by at status of children, types of indebtedness, reasons for least 50% through income generating activities brought migration, etc; scores less than 15 out of a maximum head about by livelihood training and practice of 52 were deemed to be in the BPL bracket). For example, l Socio-cultural evils like alcoholism are being tackled in Nishchintpur, 100% homes were BPL ones, in Gangpur, and solved through the TVM method of consensus in only two homes were above BPL. one village; success consequently would be replicated in others No basic infrastructure: All the villages suffered from l Review meetings to monitor progress are held every acute shortage of basic infrastructure like electricity and week with the objective of taking ownership of the roads; Alna and Gangpur had virtually no electrical supply entire process 36 37 Collective Wisdom: Alna's population prepared an elaborate problem analysis chart on their own (translated & reproduced here), showing an in-depth understanding of problems and ideation of solutions Issue Problems Causes Probable solution Expected benefit For whom POVERTY Food Insecurity l Fragmentation of land l Attitudinal change l To improve Whole village, farming practices SHGs, economically Poor saving attitude l Formation of l and adopt family disadvantaged Grameen Bank Traditional agriculture planning households practices l Inculcating saving measures habit l Availability of food Social customs/large l in lean period family size/insufficient l Small livestock livestock through micro credit l To overcome facility exigencies and form capital base l Increase income Low l Lack of water l Building water l Increased food Farmers of all productivity of harvesting and harvesting structures availability and categories, all land irrigation household villages Introduction of l income, l Degraded soil & erratic improved farming rainfall practices l Dissemination of knowledge on No assured irrigation, l Development of l improved stereotyped agriculture cropping best agriculture practices practices, crop practices, We for villages, A for Alna 5 Pilot Villages, KGVK concentrated on entrepreneurship demonstration, l Undulated topography, demonstration of l Practical exposure Evenings in Alna are lit by weak kerosene lamps or development programmes for women empowerment. low quality and vermicompost pits, for using of proper imbalanced inputs shrouded in charcoal darkness. The small hamlet does Activities planned were skill-based, sustainable income compost pit dose of inputs, not yet have a pucca road. But its residents took the TVM increased yield generators like: l Strengthening the road to a better tomorrow through community mobilisation existing institution l Reeling silk thread and capacity building. Alna emerged at the forefront of Low income l Lack of skill & capital l Training & exposure, l Enhance income, Villagers, SHGs, l Weaving carpets linkages with build risk-taking farmers, the TVM Pilot Villages, showing a rare progressive vision l Poor marketing financial institutions capacity economically l Manufacturing imitation jewellery and collective ownership of change. support for NTFP disadvantaged l Formation of SHGs l Increase better l Making designer bed sheets people l Lack of awareness & sale value plus opportunities for non- l Development of Villagers made their own problem analyses, set their own l Manufacturing industrial gloves and leg guards subsistence storage facility for farm activities during the deadlines and quality benchmarks (like the Quality Circle) l Weaving bamboo mats and other items Non-Timber Forest collection period Produce together to sort them. Work across TVM pillars progressed at a Rolling incense sticks l with extension of brisk pace, with community documentation at every step. l Growing mushrooms and more revolving funds Indebtedness l Low income and over l Linkages with l Easy credit All SHGs, The spirit of Alna showed the way to the other four villages. expenditure financial institutions All villagers Buyback arrangements for produce were made with l Better household All five villages showed a rare hurry to find themselves in l Lack of expenditure l Generation of income Jharcraft, a state government initiative to popularise rural Indias development map. The difference was that planning alternative Check on Jharkhands indigenous crafts and craftspeople, other employment l they had drawn the map themselves. l Alcoholism unplanned and opportunities organisations like the Jaipur Rugs Foundation, and of undesirable l Getting cheated by l Increase awareness expenditure Livelihood for her selfhood course Usha Martin and the retail outlets linked to the non-banking agencies Formation of SHGs The hand that rocks the cradle changes her world. In the KGVK- Trade Facilitation Centre. l 38 39 Issue Problems Causes Probable solution Expected benefit For whom Issue Problems Causes Probable solution Expected benefit For whom Poor roads l Lack of government l Mobilisation of l Fund allocation Whole village Livestock l Habitual negligence to l Attitudinal and l Improve animal Livestock owners, fund allocation government sources mortality livestock behaviour change care, less l Check corruption, whole village occurrence of l Activating pressure l Inadequate veterinary Organise health l Corruption New road l group l services, treatment by camps diseases, l Lack of pressure group construction and l Mobilising village unqualified village availability of maintenance of l Development of skilled veterinary l Poor maintenance committee as a practitioner cluster level livestock existing road service watch dog rearing l Not getting value of l Lack of awareness l Create bargain Proper market l Supplement village produce l leading to frequent Mobilising micro capacity among l household income value of villages occurrence of diseases credit for livestock villages for their products rearing products l Lack of proper feeding l Improve animal and breeding l Development of health, more milk WATER Depleting water l Low vegetation cover l Build vegetative l Check soil erosion, Land owners, pasture land and yielding SCARCITY table, brown on upper catchments cover on upper in-situ soil and farmers, dairy improvement of local replacing green, l No check mechanism catchments water farmers, whole breed food insecurity, conservation, village, specific user on upper ridge l Excavation of silted soil and lack of groups ALCOHOLISM Health hazards, l Easy availability of l Awareness l Reduce alcohol Liquor-addicted Siltation on water water bodies, grass l Increase water awareness and l indebtedness, toddy campaign consumption individuals and bodies turfing on holding capacity of information on domestic their families. embankment, soil the water bodies l Bad company or peer l Rehabilitation