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Introduction to Workload Partition Management in IBM AIX Version 6.1

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Introduction to Workload Partition Management in IBM AIX Version 6.1 Front cover Introduction to Workload Partition Management in IBM AIX Version 6.1 Overview, applicability, and planning information for system architects Understanding and applying WPAR technology for efficient IBM System p resource utilization Walk-through examples for AIX system administrators Bruno Blanchard Pedro Coelho Mary Hazuka Jerry Petru Theeraphong Thitayanun Chris Almond ibm.com/redbooks International Technical Support Organization Introduction to Workload Partition Management in IBM AIX Version 6.1 November 2007 SG24-7431-00 Note: Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page ix. First Edition (November 2007) This edition applies to IBM AIX Version 6.1. Note: This book is based on a pre-GA version of a product and may not apply when the product becomes generally available. We recommend that you consult the product documentation or follow-on versions of this IBM Redbooks publication for more current information. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2007. All rights reserved. Note to U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights -- Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Notices . ix Trademarks . x Preface . xi The team that wrote this book . xii Acknowledgements . xiii Become a published author . xiv Comments welcome. xv Part 1. Introduction and planning . 1 Chapter 1. Introduction to workload partition technology in AIX V6 . 3 1.1 Overview of partitioning and virtualization capabilities prior to AIX V6 . 4 1.2 AIX V6 and WPAR-based system virtualization . 7 1.3 What is a workload partition . 8 1.3.1 The global environment in an LPAR . 10 1.3.2 WPARs . 10 1.3.3 System WPARs. 11 1.3.4 Application WPARs . 11 1.4 Live application mobility . 11 1.5 When to use workload partitions . 13 1.5.1 Improvement of service level agreements . 13 1.5.2 Protection of existing hardware investment . 14 1.5.3 Optimization of resource usage . 14 1.5.4 Highly granular control of resource allocation . 15 1.5.5 Control of security and privilege command . 15 1.5.6 Simplified handling of software stack . 16 1.5.7 Simplified handling of application OS environment. 17 1.5.8 Business continuity: Disaster or failure recovery solution . 18 1.5.9 Supporting “Green” computing strategies . 18 Chapter 2. Understanding and planning for WPARs . 19 2.1 High-level planning information . 20 2.2 General considerations . 21 2.2.1 Networking . 21 2.2.2 Deployment of the Workload Partition Manager . 21 2.2.3 Software prerequisites . 24 2.2.4 File system considerations . 25 © Copyright IBM Corp. 2007. All rights reserved. iii 2.3 Global environment considerations . 26 2.4 Application WPARs . 27 2.5 System WPARs. 28 2.6 WPAR mobility . 31 2.7 WPAR and LPAR comparison. 36 Part 2. Using WPARs: management and operation . 39 Chapter 3. Overview of WPAR management tools . 41 3.1 Comparison of application and system WPARs . 42 3.2 Overview of tools. 44 3.3 AIX command-line interface . 45 3.4 WPAR Manager interface . 48 3.5 Workload Manager (WLM) considerations . 49 3.6 WPAR description database . 50 3.6.1 WPAR representation . 50 3.6.2 WPAR definition . 50 3.6.3 WPAR specification. 52 3.6.4 WPAR checkpoint state . 53 3.6.5 Other global environment considerations . 54 Chapter 4. State management . 55 4.1 Overview of WPAR states . 56 4.2 State transitions. 57 Chapter 5. System administration tasks . 61 5.1 Workload partition administration . 62 5.1.1 Create a simple WPAR . 62 5.1.2 Start, stop, and reboot a system WPAR . 66 5.1.3 Change a WPAR. 69 5.1.4 Creating WPARs: Advanced options . 74 5.1.5 Recover from a broken state. 84 5.1.6 Remove a WPAR . 84 5.2 Software installation and maintenance . 86 5.2.1 Software availability . 86 5.2.2 Using installp. 88 5.2.3 Using NIM . 94 5.2.4 Updating software . 94 5.2.5 Alternate disk installation . 95 5.3 File system considerations . 95 5.3.1 Creating a file system for a running WPAR. 96 5.3.2 Changing a file system . 97 5.3.3 Shared /usr with writable file system. 98 5.3.4 Enabling EFS in WPAR. 100 iv Introduction to Workload Partition Management in IBM AIX Version 6.1 5.3.5 Network File System (NFS) considerations . 102 5.4 Backup, restore, and cloning. 102 5.4.1 Backup . 102 5.4.2 Restore . 103 5.4.3 Cloning . 106 5.5 Users and groups . 111 5.5.1 Default access: Users and root . 111 5.5.2 Recover root password . 112 5.5.3 Role-based access control (RBAC) . 113 5.6 Print spooling considerations . 115 5.7 System environments . 116 5.8 Processes and subsystems. 117 5.9 Performance and resource schedule . 120 Chapter 6. IBM WPAR Manager for AIX . 125 6.1 Overview of WPAR Manager for AIX . 126 6.2 WPAR monitoring . ..
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