Front cover Introduction to Workload Partition Management in IBM AIX Version 6.1 Overview, applicability, and planning information for system architects Understanding and applying WPAR technology for efficient IBM System p resource utilization Walk-through examples for AIX system administrators Bruno Blanchard Pedro Coelho Mary Hazuka Jerry Petru Theeraphong Thitayanun Chris Almond ibm.com/redbooks International Technical Support Organization Introduction to Workload Partition Management in IBM AIX Version 6.1 November 2007 SG24-7431-00 Note: Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page ix. First Edition (November 2007) This edition applies to IBM AIX Version 6.1. Note: This book is based on a pre-GA version of a product and may not apply when the product becomes generally available. We recommend that you consult the product documentation or follow-on versions of this IBM Redbooks publication for more current information. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2007. All rights reserved. Note to U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights -- Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Notices . ix Trademarks . x Preface . xi The team that wrote this book . xii Acknowledgements . xiii Become a published author . xiv Comments welcome. xv Part 1. Introduction and planning . 1 Chapter 1. Introduction to workload partition technology in AIX V6 . 3 1.1 Overview of partitioning and virtualization capabilities prior to AIX V6 . 4 1.2 AIX V6 and WPAR-based system virtualization . 7 1.3 What is a workload partition . 8 1.3.1 The global environment in an LPAR . 10 1.3.2 WPARs . 10 1.3.3 System WPARs. 11 1.3.4 Application WPARs . 11 1.4 Live application mobility . 11 1.5 When to use workload partitions . 13 1.5.1 Improvement of service level agreements . 13 1.5.2 Protection of existing hardware investment . 14 1.5.3 Optimization of resource usage . 14 1.5.4 Highly granular control of resource allocation . 15 1.5.5 Control of security and privilege command . 15 1.5.6 Simplified handling of software stack . 16 1.5.7 Simplified handling of application OS environment. 17 1.5.8 Business continuity: Disaster or failure recovery solution . 18 1.5.9 Supporting “Green” computing strategies . 18 Chapter 2. Understanding and planning for WPARs . 19 2.1 High-level planning information . 20 2.2 General considerations . 21 2.2.1 Networking . 21 2.2.2 Deployment of the Workload Partition Manager . 21 2.2.3 Software prerequisites . 24 2.2.4 File system considerations . 25 © Copyright IBM Corp. 2007. All rights reserved. iii 2.3 Global environment considerations . 26 2.4 Application WPARs . 27 2.5 System WPARs. 28 2.6 WPAR mobility . 31 2.7 WPAR and LPAR comparison. 36 Part 2. Using WPARs: management and operation . 39 Chapter 3. Overview of WPAR management tools . 41 3.1 Comparison of application and system WPARs . 42 3.2 Overview of tools. 44 3.3 AIX command-line interface . 45 3.4 WPAR Manager interface . 48 3.5 Workload Manager (WLM) considerations . 49 3.6 WPAR description database . 50 3.6.1 WPAR representation . 50 3.6.2 WPAR definition . 50 3.6.3 WPAR specification. 52 3.6.4 WPAR checkpoint state . 53 3.6.5 Other global environment considerations . 54 Chapter 4. State management . 55 4.1 Overview of WPAR states . 56 4.2 State transitions. 57 Chapter 5. System administration tasks . 61 5.1 Workload partition administration . 62 5.1.1 Create a simple WPAR . 62 5.1.2 Start, stop, and reboot a system WPAR . 66 5.1.3 Change a WPAR. 69 5.1.4 Creating WPARs: Advanced options . 74 5.1.5 Recover from a broken state. 84 5.1.6 Remove a WPAR . 84 5.2 Software installation and maintenance . 86 5.2.1 Software availability . 86 5.2.2 Using installp. 88 5.2.3 Using NIM . 94 5.2.4 Updating software . 94 5.2.5 Alternate disk installation . 95 5.3 File system considerations . 95 5.3.1 Creating a file system for a running WPAR. 96 5.3.2 Changing a file system . 97 5.3.3 Shared /usr with writable file system. 98 5.3.4 Enabling EFS in WPAR. 100 iv Introduction to Workload Partition Management in IBM AIX Version 6.1 5.3.5 Network File System (NFS) considerations . 102 5.4 Backup, restore, and cloning. 102 5.4.1 Backup . 102 5.4.2 Restore . 103 5.4.3 Cloning . 106 5.5 Users and groups . 111 5.5.1 Default access: Users and root . 111 5.5.2 Recover root password . 112 5.5.3 Role-based access control (RBAC) . 113 5.6 Print spooling considerations . 115 5.7 System environments . 116 5.8 Processes and subsystems. 117 5.9 Performance and resource schedule . 120 Chapter 6. IBM WPAR Manager for AIX . 125 6.1 Overview of WPAR Manager for AIX . 126 6.2 WPAR monitoring . ..
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