archived as http://www.stealthskater.com/Documents/PX_07.doc [pdf] more related articles at http://www.stealthskater.com/PX.htm#Chica note: because important websites are frequently "here today but gone tomorrow", the following was archived from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Rainbow on April 22, 2008. This is NOT an attempt to divert readers from the aforementioned website. Indeed, the reader should only read this back-up copy if the updated original cannot be found at the original author's site. the Philadelphia Experiment Wikipedia "Operation Ghost" was an alleged naval military experiment at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, sometime around October 28, 1943 in which the U.S. destroyer escort USS Eldridge was to be rendered invisible to human observers for a brief period of time. It is also referred to as Project Rainbow. The story is widely regarded as a hoax [1][2][3]. The U.S. Navy maintains that no such experiment occurred. Furthermore, details of the story contradict facts about the Eldridge [4]. It has nonetheless caused ripples in conspiracy theory circles. Elements of the Philadelphia Experiment are featured in other government conspiracy theories. Synopsis of the Experiment Several different (at times conflicting) versions of the purported Experiment have circulated over the years. The following synopsis serves to illustrate key story points common to the majority of accounts [2]. The experiment was conducted by a Dr. Franklin Reno (or Rinehart) as a military application of a Unified Field Theory -- a term coined by Einstein. The Unified Field Theory postulates the interrelated nature of the forces that comprise ElectroMagnetic radiation and Gravity (i.e., EM can affect Gravity and vice versa) -- although to date no single theory has emerged with a viable mathematical expression. [StealthSkater note: no mainstream theory, that is. There are reports of a highly secretive "scalarized" version of Maxwell's EM equations along the views of Nikola Tesla's scalar waves. Also see Matti Pitkanen's TGD physics => doc pdf URL ] Through a special application of some version of the theory, it was thought possible (with specialized equipment and sufficient energy) to bend light around an object in such a way as to render it 1 essentially invisible to observers. The Navy -- which was engaged in World War II at the time -- considered this application of the theory to be of obvious military value and approved and sponsored the experiment. A destroyer escort -- the USS Eldridge -- was allegedly fitted with the required equipment at the naval yards in Philadelphia. The equipment was further alleged not to have properly been re-calibrated to this end. But in spite of this, the Experiment was performed again on October 28. This time, the Eldridge is alleged to have not only become almost entirely invisible to the naked eye but also actually vanished from the area in a flash of blue light. However, the U.S. naval base at Norfolk, Virginia -- just over 215 miles (346 km) away -- is alleged to have reported sighting the Eldridge offshore whereupon the Eldridge vanished from their sight and reappeared in Philadelphia at the site it had originally occupied in an apparent case of accidental teleportation. [StealthSkater note: another version of the story is that it was actually a minesweeper ship that was trying to retrace an established history timeline in order to avoid mines. Something that Tesla had accidentally discovered on his workbench (Tesla's "Arrow of Time"). The Eldridge "radar invisibility" story was a counter-intel ploy. And the "teleportation" add-on was a further disinformation twist. See doc pdf URL .] The alleged physiological effects of the experiment on the crew were profound. Almost all of the crew were violently ill. Some were alleged to have suffered from mental illness as a result of their experience. Behavior consistent with schizophrenia is described in other accounts. Still other members like Jacob D. Murray were physically unaccounted for -- supposedly “vanished” -- and five of the crew were allegedly "fused" to the metal bulkhead or deck of the ship. Still others were said to fade in and out of sight. Sometimes they would disappear, then crewmates would stick their hands into the spot they had disappeared and try to grab the crewmate. But if they did not, that spot would burst into flames. Horrified by these results, Navy officials immediately canceled the Experiment. All of the surviving crew involved were discharged. In some accounts, brainwashing techniques were employed in an attempt to make the remaining crew members lose their memories concerning the details of their experience. [StealthSkater note: folklore has it that the Experiment evolved into Project Phoenix (I) which combined elements of Wilhelm Reich's "orgone" weather-modifying radiosonde. Eventually in the later 1970s, Phoenix I/II/III became collectively known as the Montauk Project which reportedly opened portals in time and irreversibly altered timelines.] Morris Jessup and Carlos Miguel Allende In 1955, Morris K. Jessup -- an amateur astronomer and former graduate-level researcher -- published The Case for the UFO. It was a book about unidentified flying objects which contained some theorizing about the means of propulsion that flying-saucer-style UFOs might use. Jessup speculated that anti-gravity and/or manipulation of electromagnetism may have been responsible for the observed flight behavior of UFOs. He lamented (both in the book and the publicity tour which followed) that space flight research was concentrated in the area of rocketry and that little attention was paid to these other theoretical means of flight, which he felt would ultimately be more fruitful. On January 13, 1955, Jessup received a letter from a man who identified himself as Carlos Allende. In the letter, Allende informed Jessup of the Philadelphia Experiment, alluding to 2 poorly sourced 2 contemporary newspaper articles as proof. Allende also said that he had witnessed the Eldridge disappear and reappear while serving aboard the SS Andrew Furuseth -- a nearby merchant ship. Allende further named other crew members with whom he served aboard the Andrew Furuseth and claimed to know of the fate of some of the crew members of the Eldridge after the Experiment including one whom he witnessed disappear during a chaotic fight in a bar. Jessup replied to Allende by postcard, asking for further evidence and corroboration for the story. The reply came months later. However, this time the correspondent identified himself as Carl M. Allen. Allen said that he could not provide the details for which Jessup was asking but implied that he might be able to recall by means of hypnosis. Suspecting that Allende/Allen was a fraud, Jessup decided to discontinue the correspondence. The Office of Naval Research and the Varo annotation In the spring of 1957, Jessup was contacted by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) in Washington, D.C. and asked to study the contents of a parcel that they had received [5]. Upon arrival, a curious Jessup was astonished to find that a paperback copy of his UFO book had been mailed to ONR in a manila envelope marked "Happy Easter". Further, the book had been extensively annotated by hand in its margins and an ONR officer asked Jessup if he had any idea as to who had done so. The lengthy annotations were written in 3 different colors of ink and appeared to detail a correspondence among 3 individuals, only one of which is given a name: "Jemi". The ONR labeled the other two "Mr. A" and "Mr. B". The annotators refer to each other as "Gypsies" and discuss 2 different types of "people" living in outer space. Their text contained nonstandard use of capitalization and punctuation and detailed a lengthy discussion of the merits of various suppositions that Jessup makes throughout his book, with oblique references to the Philadelphia Experiment in a way that suggested prior or superior knowledge (for example, “Mr. B” reassures his fellow annotators who have highlighted a certain theory of Jessup’s). Based on the handwriting style and subject matter, Jessup identified "Mr. A" as Allende/Allen. Others have suggested that the 3 annotations are actually from the same person using 3 pens. The annotated book sparked such interest that the ONR funded a small printing of the volume by the Texas-based Varo Manufacturing Company [6]. A 2003 transcription of the annotated "Varo edition" is available online, complete with 3-color notes [7]. Later, the ONR contacted Jessup, claiming that the return address on Allende’s letter to Jessup was an abandoned farmhouse. They also informed Jessup that the Varo Corporation -- a research firm -- was preparing a print copy of the annotated version of The Case for the UFO, complete with both letters he had received. About 100 copies of the Varo Edition were printed and distributed within the Navy. Jessup was also sent three for his own use. Jessup attempted to make a living writing on the topic. But his follow-up book did not sell well and his publisher rejected several other manuscripts. In 1958, his wife left him and friends described him as being depressed and somewhat unstable when he travelled to New York. After returning to Florida, he was involved in a serious car accident and was slow to recover, apparently increasing his despondency. Morris Jessup committed suicide in 1959. Many conspiracy theorists believe that he was murdered by the government because of his knowledge of the Philadelphia Experiment. 3 Resurfacing via literature In 1965, Vincent Gaddis published Invisible Horizons: True Mysteries of the Sea, in which the story of the experiment from the Varo annotation is recounted. Later in 1977, Charles Berlitz -- an author of several books on paranormal phenomena -- included a chapter on the experiment in his book Without a Trace: New Information from the Triangle.