A Concept for Declarative Information Acquisition in Smart Environments
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Close-Up on the Robot of Metropolis, Fritz Lang, 1926
Close-up on the robot of Metropolis, Fritz Lang, 1926 The robot of Metropolis The Cinémathèque's robot - Description This sculpture, exhibited in the museum of the Cinémathèque française, is a copy of the famous robot from Fritz Lang's film Metropolis, which has since disappeared. It was commissioned from Walter Schulze-Mittendorff, the sculptor of the original robot, in 1970. Presented in walking position on a wooden pedestal, the robot measures 181 x 58 x 50 cm. The artist used a mannequin as the basic support 1, sculpting the shape by sawing and reworking certain parts with wood putty. He next covered it with 'plates of a relatively flexible material (certainly cardboard) attached by nails or glue. Then, small wooden cubes, balls and strips were applied, as well as metal elements: a plate cut out for the ribcage and small springs.’2 To finish, he covered the whole with silver paint. - The automaton: costume or sculpture? The robot in the film was not an automaton but actress Brigitte Helm, wearing a costume made up of rigid pieces that she put on like parts of a suit of armour. For the reproduction, Walter Schulze-Mittendorff preferred making a rigid sculpture that would be more resistant to the risks of damage. He worked solely from memory and with photos from the film as he had made no sketches or drawings of the robot during its creation in 1926. 3 Not having to take into account the morphology or space necessary for the actress's movements, the sculptor gave the new robot a more slender figure: the head, pelvis, hips and arms are thinner than those of the original. -
Learning Maps for Indoor Mobile Robot Navigation
Learning Maps for Indoor Mobile Robot Navigation Sebastian Thrun Arno BÈucken April 1996 CMU-CS-96-121 School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213 The ®rst author is partly and the second author exclusively af®liated with the Computer Science Department III of the University of Bonn, Germany, where part of this research was carried out. This research is sponsored in part by the National Science Foundation under award IRI-9313367, and by the Wright Laboratory, Aeronautical Systems Center, Air Force Materiel Command, USAF, and the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) under grant number F33615-93-1-1330. The views and conclusionscontained in this documentare those of the author and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing of®cial policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of NSF, Wright Laboratory or the United States Government. Keywords: autonomous robots, exploration, mobile robots, neural networks, occupancy grids, path planning, planning, robot mapping, topological maps Abstract Autonomous robots must be able to learn and maintain models of their environ- ments. Research on mobile robot navigation has produced two major paradigms for mapping indoor environments: grid-based and topological. While grid-based methods produce accurate metric maps, their complexity often prohibits ef®cient planning and problem solving in large-scale indoor environments. Topological maps, on the other hand, can be used much more ef®ciently, yet accurate and consistent topological maps are considerably dif®cult to learn in large-scale envi- ronments. This paper describes an approach that integrates both paradigms: grid-based and topological. Grid-based maps are learned using arti®cial neural networks and Bayesian integration. -
Towards Autonomous Localization of an Underwater Drone
TOWARDS AUTONOMOUS LOCALIZATION OF AN UNDERWATER DRONE A Thesis presented to the Faculty of California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Computer Science by Nathan Sfard June 2018 c 2018 Nathan Sfard ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP TITLE: Towards Autonomous Localization of an Underwater Drone AUTHOR: Nathan Sfard DATE SUBMITTED: June 2018 COMMITTEE CHAIR: Lynne Slivovsky, Ph.D. Professor of Computer Engineering COMMITTEE MEMBER: John Seng, Ph.D. Professor of Computer Science COMMITTEE MEMBER: Xiao-Hua Yu, Ph.D. Professor of Electrical Engineering iii ABSTRACT Towards Autonomous Localization of an Underwater Drone Nathan Sfard Autonomous vehicle navigation is a complex and challenging task. Land and aerial vehicles often use highly accurate GPS sensors to localize themselves in their envi- ronments. These sensors are ineffective in underwater environments due to signal attenuation. Autonomous underwater vehicles utilize one or more of the following approaches for successful localization and navigation: inertial/dead-reckoning, acous- tic signals, and geophysical data. This thesis examines autonomous localization in a simulated environment for an OpenROV Underwater Drone using a Kalman Fil- ter. This filter performs state estimation for a dead reckoning system exhibiting an additive error in location measurements. We evaluate the accuracy of this Kalman Filter by analyzing the effect each parameter has on accuracy, then choosing the best combination of parameter values to assess the overall accuracy of the Kalman Filter. We find that the two parameters with the greatest effects on the system are the con- stant acceleration and the measurement uncertainty of the system. -
An Ethical Framework for Smart Robots Mika Westerlund
An Ethical Framework for Smart Robots Mika Westerlund Never underestimate a droid. Leia Organa Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker This article focuses on “roboethics” in the age of growing adoption of smart robots, which can now be seen as a new robotic “species”. As autonomous AI systems, they can collaborate with humans and are capable of learning from their operating environment, experiences, and human behaviour feedback in human-machine interaction. This enables smart robots to improve their performance and capabilities. This conceptual article reviews key perspectives to roboethics, as well as establishes a framework to illustrate its main ideas and features. Building on previous literature, roboethics has four major types of implications for smart robots: 1) smart robots as amoral and passive tools, 2) smart robots as recipients of ethical behaviour in society, 3) smart robots as moral and active agents, and 4) smart robots as ethical impact-makers in society. The study contributes to current literature by suggesting that there are two underlying ethical and moral dimensions behind these perspectives, namely the “ethical agency of smart robots” and “object of moral judgment”, as well as what this could look like as smart robots become more widespread in society. The article concludes by suggesting how scientists and smart robot designers can benefit from a framework, discussing the limitations of the present study, and proposing avenues for future research. Introduction capabilities (Lichocki et al., 2011; Petersen, 2007). Hence, Lin et al. (2011) define a “robot” as an Robots are becoming increasingly prevalent in our engineered machine that senses, thinks, and acts, thus daily, social, and professional lives, performing various being able to process information from sensors and work and household tasks, as well as operating other sources, such as an internal set of rules, either driverless vehicles and public transportation systems programmed or learned, that enables the machine to (Leenes et al., 2017). -
Autonomous Robot Navigation in Highly Populated Pedestrian Zones
Autonomous Robot Navigation in Highly Populated Pedestrian Zones Rainer K¨ummerle Michael Ruhnke Department of Computer Science Department of Computer Science University of Freiburg University of Freiburg 79110 Freiburg, Germany 79110 Freiburg, Germany [email protected] [email protected] Bastian Steder Cyrill Stachniss Department of Computer Science Department of Computer Science University of Freiburg University of Freiburg 79110 Freiburg, Germany 79110 Freiburg, Germany [email protected] [email protected] Wolfram Burgard Department of Computer Science University of Freiburg 79110 Freiburg, Germany [email protected] Abstract In the past, there has been a tremendous progress in the area of autonomous robot naviga- tion and a large variety of robots have been developed who demonstrated robust navigation capabilities indoors, in non-urban outdoor environments, or on roads and relatively few ap- proaches focus on navigation in urban environments such as city centers. Urban areas, how- ever, introduce numerous challenges for autonomous robots as they are rather unstructured and dynamic. In this paper, we present a navigation system for mobile robots designed to operate in crowded city environments and pedestrian zones. We describe the different com- ponents of this system including a SLAM module for dealing with huge maps of city centers, a planning component for inferring feasible paths taking also into account the traversability and type of terrain, a module for accurate localization in dynamic environments, and means for calibrating and monitoring the platform. Our navigation system has been implemented and tested in several large-scale field tests, in which a real robot autonomously navigated over several kilometers in a complex urban environment. -
Educational Outdoor Mobile Robot for Trash Pickup
Educational Outdoor Mobile Robot for Trash Pickup Kiran Pattanashetty, Kamal P. Balaji, and Shunmugham R Pandian, Senior Member, IEEE Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing-Kancheepuram Chennai 600127, Tamil Nadu, India [email protected] Abstract— Machines in general and robots in particular, programs to motivate and retain students [3]. The playful appeal greatly to children and youth. With the widespread learning potential of robotics (and the related field of availability of low-cost open source hardware and free open mechatronics) means that college students could be involved source software, robotics has become central to the promotion of in service learning through introducing school children to STEM education in schools, and active learning at design, machines, robots, electronics, computers, college/university level. With robots, children in developed countries gain from technological immersion, or exposure to the programming, environmental literacy, and so on, e.g., [4], [5]. latest technologies and gadgets. Yet, developing countries like A comprehensive review of studies on introducing robotics in India still lag in the use of robots at school and even college level. K-12 STEM education is presented by Karim, et al [6]. It In this paper, an innovative and low-cost educational outdoor concludes that robots play a positive role in educational mobile robot is developed for deployment by school children learning, and promote creative thinking and problem solving during volunteer trash pickup. The wheeled mobile robot is skills. It also identifies the need for standardized evaluation constructed with inexpensive commercial off-the-shelf techniques on the effectiveness of robotics-based learning, and components, including single board computer and miscellaneous for tailored pedagogical modules and teacher training. -
A Neural Schema Architecture for Autonomous Robots
A Neural Schema Architecture for Autonomous Robots Alfredo Weitzenfeld División Académica de Computación Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México Río Hondo #1, San Angel Tizapán México, DF, CP 01000, MEXICO Email: [email protected] Ronald Arkin College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0280, USA Email: [email protected] Francisco Cervantes División Académica de Computación Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México Río Hondo #1, San Angel Tizapán México, DF, CP 01000, MEXICO Email: [email protected] Roberto Olivares College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0280, USA Email: [email protected] Fernando Corbacho Departamento de Ingeniería Informática Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid, ESPAÑA Email: [email protected] Areas: Robotics, Agent-oriented programming, Neural Nets Acknowledgements This research is supported by the National Science Foundation in the U.S. (Grant #IRI-9505864) and CONACyT in Mexico (Grant #546500-5-C006-A). A Neural Schema Architecture for Autonomous Robots Abstract As autonomous robots become more complex in their behavior, more sophisticated software architectures are required to support the ever more sophisticated robotics software. These software architectures must support complex behaviors involving adaptation and learning, implemented, in particular, by neural networks. We present in this paper a neural based schema [2] software architecture for the development and execution of autonomous robots in both simulated and real worlds. This architecture has been developed in the context of adaptive robotic agents, ecological robots [6], cooperating and competing with each other in adapting to their environment. The architecture is the result of integrating a number of development and execution systems: NSL, a neural simulation language; ASL, an abstract schema language; and MissionLab, a schema-based mission-oriented simulation and robot system. -
Toward Automatic Reconfiguration of Robot-Sensor Networks for Urban
Toward Automatic Reconfiguration of Robot-Sensor Networks for Urban Search and Rescue Joshua Reich Elizabeth Sklar Department of Computer Science Dept of Computer and Information Science Columbia University Brooklyn College, City University of New York 1214 Amsterdam Ave, New York NY 10027 USA 2900 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn NY, 11210 USA [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT that information be able, eventually, to make its way to An urban search and rescue environment is generally ex- designated “contact” nodes which can transmit signals back plored with two high-level goals: first, to map the space in to a “home base”. It is advantageous for the network to pos- three dimensions using a local, relative coordinate frame of sess reliable and complete end-to-end network connectivity; reference; and second, to identify targets within that space, however, even when the network is not fully connected, mo- such as human victims, data recorders, suspected terror- bile robots may act as conduits of information — either by ist devices or other valuable or possibly hazardous objects. positioning themselves tactically to fill connectivity gaps, or The work presented here considers a team of heterogeneous by distributing information as they physically travel around agents and examines strategies in which a potentially very the network space. This strategy also enables replacement large number of small, simple, sensor agents with limited of failed nodes and dynamic modification of network topol- mobility are deployed by a smaller number of larger robotic ogy to provide not only greater network connectivity but agents with limited sensing capabilities but enhanced mo- also improved area coverage. -
ASHS Is Inviting/Encouraging Poster Presenters to Up- Posters: Load a PDF of Their Poster
vt- •• ��t E�. Gallo Winery � BalL American Funding Generations of Floral Progress Through Research Image Analysis for Plant Science Endowment and Scholarships 1 of 262 General Information Conference Facilities: Speaker Ready Room: All Conference activities will take place at the Tropicana Oral, Workshop, Special Sessions, and Keynote speakers Las Vegas. are requested to check in at the Speaker Ready Room located in Churchill. Please note, even if you have Registration hours: uploaded in advance, you are still asked to check in at the Speaker Ready room at least 24 hours in advance of Sunday, July 21. .3:00 PM – 6:00 PM your presentation to confirm that your media and Pow- erPoint presentations were successfully uploaded and Monday, July 22 .............7:30 AM – 6:00 PM running properly. Updates and modifications can only Tuesday, July 23. 7:30 AM – 6:00 PM be made up to 24 hours in advance of your presentation. Wednesday, July 24. .7:30 AM – 5:00 PM Thursday, July 25 ............7:30 AM – 2:00 PM Poster Presenters and E-Posters: ASHS is inviting/encouraging poster presenters to up- Posters: load a PDF of their poster. You may also upload mp4 video or audio files to go along with the poster. Posters are located in Cohiba 5-12. As part of enhancing the ASHS online conference proceedings, you have the option to make your poster Poster Set Up: into an interactive electronic version (E-Poster). If you would like to explore this option, a link will appear once Monday, July 22 .............2:00 PM – 5:00 PM you have uploaded your PDF file with instructions on how to create your E-Poster. -
Social Robotics Agenda.Pdf
Thank you! The following agenda for social robotics was developed in a project led by KTH and funded by Vinnova. It is a result of cooperation between the following 35 partners: Industry: ABB, Artificial Solutions, Ericsson, Furhat robotics, Intelligent Machines, Liquid Media, TeliaSonera Academia: Göteborgs universitet, Högskolan i Skövde, Karolinska Institutet, KTH, Linköpings universitet, Lunds tekniska högskola, Lunds Universitet, Röda korsets högskola, Stockholms Universtitet, Uppsala Universitet, Örebro universitet Public sector: Institutet för Framtidsstudier, Myndigheten för Delaktighet, Myndigheten för Tillgängliga Medier, Statens medicinsk- etiska råd, Robotdalen, SLL Innovation, Språkrådet End-user organistions: Brostaden, Epicenter, EF Education First, Fryshuset Gymnasium, Hamnskolan, Investor, Kunskapsskolan, Silver Life, Svenskt demenscentrum, Tekniska Museet We would like to thank all partners for their great commitment at the workshops where they shared good ideas and insightful experiences, as well as valuable and important observations of what the future might hold. Agenda key persons: Joakim Gustafson (KTH), Peje Emilsson (Silver Life), Jan Gulliksen (KTH), Mikael Hedelind (ABB), Danica Kragic (KTH), Per Ljunggren (Intelligent Machines), Amy Loutfi (Örebro university), Erik Lundqvist (Robotdalen), Stefan Stern (Investor), Karl-Erik Westman (Myndigheten för Delaktighet), Britt Östlund (KTH) Writing group: editor Joakim Gustafson, co-editor Jens Edlund, Jonas Beskow, Mikael Hedelind, Danica Kragic, Per Ljunggren, Amy -
Autonomous Amphibious Robot Navigation Through the Littoral Zone
AUTONOMOUS AMPHIBIOUS ROBOT NAVIGATION THROUGH THE LITTORAL ZONE by Mark Borg A thesis submitted to the School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PhD in Mechanical Engineering The Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Mechanical Engineering University of Ontario Institute of Technology (Ontario Tech University) Oshawa, Ontario, Canada March 2021 © Mark Borg, 2021 THESIS EXAMINATION INFORMATION Submitted by: Mark Borg PhD in Mechanical Engineering Thesis title: AUTONOMOUS AMPHIBIOUS ROBOT NAVIGATION THROUGH THE LITTORAL ZONE An oral defense of this thesis took place on March 4, 2021 in front of the following examining committee: Examining Committee: Chair of Examining Committee Dr. Amirkianoosh Kiani Research Supervisor Dr. Scott Nokleby Examining Committee Member Dr. Remon Pop-Iliev Examining Committee Member Dr. Haoxiang Lang University Examiner Dr. Jing Ren External Examiner Dr. Brad Buckham, University of Victoria The above committee determined that the thesis is acceptable in form and content and that a satisfactory knowledge of the field covered by the thesis was demonstrated by the candidate during an oral examination. A signed copy of the Certificate of Approval is available from the School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies. ii ABSTRACT The majority of autonomous robotic research is performed on aerial and land based robots. Robots that operate above or below the water are less prevalent in the re-search. This is due to the complexity of the environment that water introduces to a robot. An outdoor, natural setting, which includes water, will present multiple, fluctuating variables to the robot. These variables can include, but are not limited to, temperature, height, location, amount of flotation, causticity, and clarity. -
Automation, Bots and Algorithms in Newsmaking. Impact and Quality of Artificial Journalism”
RLCS, Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 74 – Pages 1411 to 1433 [Funded Research] | DOI: 10.4185/RLCS-2019-1391en |ISSN 1138-5820 | Year 2019 How to cite this article in bibliographies / References M Túñez-Lopez, C Toural-Bran, C Valdiviezo-Abad (2019): “Automation, bots and algorithms in newsmaking. Impact and quality of artificial journalism”. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 74, pp. 1411 to 1433 http://www.revistalatinacs.org/074paper/1391/74en.html DOI: 10.4185/RLCS-2019-1391en Automation, bots and algorithms in newsmaking. Impact and quality of artificial journalism Miguel Túñez-López [CV] [ ORCID] [ GS] Professor at the Department of Communication Science from the University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Spain [email protected] (Corresponding author) Carlos Toural-Bran [CV] [ ORCID] [ GS] Professor at the Department of Communication Science from the University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Spain [email protected] Cesibel Valdiviezo Abad [CV] [ ORCID] [ GS] PhD candidate at the USC and Professor at the Communication Department of the UTPL, Spain [email protected] Abstracts [ES] Introducción: Las transformaciones en el periodismo se han considerado una modernización del proceso de producción informativa y una actualización del proceso para incorporar los avances en tecnología. El cambio en las últimas cuatro décadas ha derivado de un periódico hecho manualmente en maquetación y composición tipográfica a un relato informativo online con textos noticiosos creados por máquinas preparadas para imitar mediante algoritmos el modo de estructurar y escribir las noticias y sustituir al periodista. El periodismo artificial está cada vez más presente en los medios, lo que comienza a abrir debates deontológicos, laborales y sociales.