Landfill Diversion Update
County of Maui Department of Environmental Management October 14, 2013
October 14, 2013 County of Maui
Landfill Diversion Update Solid Waste Program • $6.6 million of General Fund subsidy (26%) • -$100/ton landfill cost, $75/ton LF revenue • $40/mo refuse cost, $18/mo refuse revenue • Residential landfill tip fee is zero • Residential green waste tip fee is zero • Recyclable materials markets are overseas
Disposal alternatives prevent self-sufficiency.
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Landfill Diversion Update C Why divert? • Landfilling leads to fugitive methane, wasted resources, high costs, trash-filled saina • Reduce, reuse, recycle, and repurpose - Landfilling - "re-nothing" • Recycling — strive for the highest and best use of materials and preserve natural resources - Plastic4plastic, metal metal, paper paper, etc. Cost of diversion versus landfill impacts.
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Landfill Diversion Update -,-, Maui County Solid Waste Flows
County grants EKO Compost / dropboxes 155,578 tons
22% Residential 7 > 1.7% 17.3% County of Maui Landfills 53% Commercial --> 14.9% 9.0% Recyclables, Metal and 58,489 tons \ food waste, concrete metals, etc. Maui Demolition Const. & and 25% Demolition Construction 42.9% Countywide Diversion Rate Landfill (Private)
Maui County total solid waste -375,000 tons/yr.
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2 Landfill Diversion Update 0 Maui County Landfill Diversion
Food waste 1.4% Compost 0.2% C&D 9.0% Metals 7.5% Tires, etc. 0.9% Commercial 4.9% Lanai/Molokai 0.7% County grant 1.0% County EKO 17.3% Tota I 42.9% Private sector efforts drive Maui recycling.
October 14, 2013 County of Maui
Landfill Diversion Update County Diversion Program • Salaries and operating costs >$600k —Three County personnel • County landfill diversion programs —Maui programs (excl. EKO) — 1.01 % diversion —Lanai/Molokai programs — 0.66% diversion • County compost program cost -$2 million —Maui program (EKO) — 17.3% diversion The County invests heavily into diversion.
October 14, 2013 County of Maui
3 Landfill Diversion Update Integrated SW Management Plan • Increase the Central Maui Landfill lifespan • Work toward 60 percent landfill diversion - Implement residential curbside recycling - Enact laws to force businesses to recycle food waste and other materials • Implement a "proven technology" waste conversion facility
Diversion efforts have significant costs.
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Landfill Diversion Update Integrated SW Management Plan
• Annual SW budget from $50M to $107M - Annual SW budget has been -$25M • Curbside recycling revenue of $55/ton - Actually costs over $250/ton • Advocates producer responsibility legislation - Likely to increase the price of goods
Lack of funding hinders plan implementation.
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4 andfill Diversion Update U.S. Mainland vs. Maui • U.S. Mainland —Economies of scale —Competition for services —Better access to resource markets • Maui —Additional shipping adds costs (carts, material) —Isolation/cost limit markets for manufacturing Similar services 4 higher fees/taxes on Maui.
October 14, 2013 County of Maui
Landfill Diversion Update Survey Information
How much would you pay annually Do you use the County dropboxes If it costs 5100 to landfill for residential curbside recycling? for cardboard, newspaper, plastic? something how much would you pay to recycle it instead?
Average: $43/yr Some HOAs provide their Average: $49/yr Median: $0/yr own recycling receptacles. Median: $35/yr
Diversion initiatives must be cost-effective.
October 14, 2013 10 County of Maui Landfill Diversion Update • Survey Information
How do you feel about waste If the County had more money, what would be your top three priorities? conversion - 85% diversion, recyclables and solid and liquid fuels?
Concerns: cost, "too good to knosatk■ lax* Meo Ono be true", and incineration ROMMII Parry *me
More recycling programs in the top five.
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Landfill Diversion Update Landfill Diversion Strategy
• Current efforts -ft tV4r-.
—Community dropbox 614.0111•■■• —Compost —Recycling grants • Future efforts
—Res. curbside recycling 1-i
—Waste conversion 1=1
The County is exploring a holistic approach.
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6 Landfill Diversion Update Community Dropboxes • Eight County dropbox facilities —Residents separate recyclables • Recyclable markets are in the Far East • Costs the County over $500k/year to operate —Equates to 10-15 times the cost of landfilling • Results in 1.5% CML diversion (0.61% overall) —Represents over 10% of the CML budget
Recyclables are fairly clean due to separation.
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Landfill Diversion Update Composting • EKO Compost operates at the CML —Diverts green waste and sewage sludge into compost —Diverts fats/oils/grease (FOG) into biodiesel • Composting represents the County's most successful diversion program • Demand for compost is tied to development
County cost is -$2 million for 17.3% diversion .
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andfill Diversion Update County Recycling Grants/Contracts • Recipients include Community Workday, Habitat for Humanity (Restore), Maui Recycling Group, Maui Recycling Service, Maui Disposal (Molokai), Maui Waste Services, and Pawns (Molokai) • Total grants and contracts above -$350,000 —Total landfill diversion is 1.01 %
Grants are issued on a yearly basis.
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Landfill Diversion Update Curbside Recycling Pilot Program • 1,750 households -4 increased recycling • Out-of-pocket costs: carts, cart delivery, advertising, ongoing education, staffing, audits, and material processing/shipment • All recyclable materials shipped overseas • Estimated 10 year amortized cost: - $80/year/account, or over 35% increase Refuse bill will increase from $216 --> -$300/yr
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Landfill Diversion Update Curbside Recycling Pilot Program • Costs (assumes County collection is free): —Mixed recyclable/ton: -$250/ton —Green waste/ton: -$60/ton • Projection of island-wide implementation —Mixed recyclables: -1.0% landfill diversion —Green waste: -. 2.1% landfill diversion —10 year amortized annual cost: -$1.6 million Curbside costs $1.6M/yr for -3.1% diversion.
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Curbside Recycling Pilot Program Pros: Cons: • Increased recycling • Increased costs through convenience • Refuse pickup cut in half • Material is recycled • Three carts per household • Creates jobs • Fuel to ship material to Mainland then Far East • Hurts existing local, private curbside business • No glass Program increases recycling and costs.
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9 Landfill Diversion Update Typical Waste Conversion Flow
This is not what Maui County is proposing.
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Integrated Waste Conversion
MSW
Landfill Gas
Recyclables and solid and liqu id fuels results.
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10 Landfill Diversion Update (`) Waste Conversion Project • Increased recycling — island-wide, multi-facet —Paper, plastic, metal, glass, cardboard, etc. • Over 85% LF diversion 4 solid/liquid fuels —Reduction in importation of fossil fuels
—Increases island sustainability 7- . • Large reduction in GHGs ,I- 1=1 —Equivalent of taking 25,000 cars off the road IWCEP will be privately funded.
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Waste Conversion Project • Lower MSW mgmt. cost $68/ton vs. $100/ton —Requires less resources for permit compliance • Processes recyclable residue — not Iandfilled • Significant economic development —150 construction jobs —20-40 permanent jobs —Tens of millions of dollars in capital investment IWCEP complements current recycling efforts.
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Landfill Diversion Update Landfill Diversion Summary • Current landfill diversion is -42.9% • Significant opportunity exists for diversion —Evaluate/maintain existing diversion programs —Evaluate extended producer responsibility —Evaluate residential curbside recycling —Evaluate waste conversion project
Complementary programs are necessary.
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Landfill Diversion Update
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