Planned Actions to Deliver Commitments

Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration Planned Actions to Deliver Commitments

C40 1 Auckland © Istock / AnastasiaRas © Istock

DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) ACTIONS

Reduce the municipal solid waste There are over 80 actions in the • Advocate to central government • Facilitate connections between • LoveFoodHateWaste generation per capita by at least 2018 Auckland Waste Management for increases in the waste levy Reduce food loss/waste along pro- food producers and users to reduce 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. and Minimisation Plan (WMMP) that duction and supply chains. food waste will contribute to delivering on this • Advocate to central government commitment. These include: for a container deposit scheme and other product stewardship Reduce or ban single-use and • Initiate research to identify the • Rolling out a region – wide food non-recyclable plastics and other composition of waste plastics as the scraps service • Facilitate connections between materials, and/or support product first step to developing waste re- food producers and users to reduce innovation & development. duction solutions • Move all households to a fortnight- food waste ly user pays service for refuse • Continue to partner with commu- Improve reusability and recycling • Work with developers to minimize • Promote the use of recovered ma- • Rollout out 12 community recycling nity organisations focused on waste (including of construction and construction and demolition waste terials in construction, including / reuse centres for household waste prevention and minimisation, e.g. demolition materials where rele- from housing projects identifying opportunities around de- LoveFoodHasteWaste, Pare Kore, vant). veloping markets for key materials • Development of a resource recov- Zero Waste Events • Work with industry to investigate ery park for commercial waste the potential for establishing a waste brokering service

Reduce the amount of municipal As above solid waste disposed to landfill Ensure accessibility and inclusivity of • Continue to partner with commu- and incineration by at least 50% by new or updated programmes to re- nity organisations that represent 2030 compared to 2015. duce waste generation and disposal. traditionally under-represented and hard to reach groups

Increase the diversion rate away As above from landfill and incineration to at least 70% by 2030. EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS

• All actions to support the Zero Waste Declaration will be funded through existing budgets allocated in the 2018 – 28 Long Term Plan (10 Year budget).

2 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 3 Boston © Istock / DenisTangneyJr © Istock

DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT OTHER SUPPORTIVE ACTIONS EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.)

Reduce the municipal solid waste The City of Boston released its new •Develop new policies to reduce •Boston’s Zero Waste website con- •Provide business with food waste generation per capita by at least Zero Waste Boston plan with 30 problem products and packaging Reduce food loss/waste along tains a zero waste toolkits for resi- reduction and donation technical 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. strategies in May 2019. Reducing production and supply chains. dents and businesses. assistance. waste generation is the top priority. •Divert reusable goods from waste The City’s strategies include: stream Implement or scale up source sep- •Partner with local curbside com- •Provide residents with curbside • Conduct citywide public education •Advocate for redesign and take- arated collection for organics and posting haulers to provide residents collection of textiles. campaigns back of products other streams and treatment infra- with curbside collection of food structure. waste at a discounted rate. •Provide targeted waste-reduction outreach and technical assistance Reduce or ban single-use and •Boston ordinance has reduced the •Boston libraries host community non-recyclable plastics and other use of plastic bags. repair clinics. Reduce the amount of municipal •Waste reduction technical assis- •Community food waste collection materials, and/or support product solid waste disposed to landfill tance for businesses bins located in 5 neighborhoods. innovation & development. •Boston’s Zero Waste website con- and incineration by at least 50% by tains a zero waste toolkits for resi- 2030 compared to 2015. •Zero waste checklist for city events dents and businesses.

•Subsidized back yard bins for residents to compost their food scraps and leaf and yard waste Improve reusability and recycling (in- “Recycle Right” campaign informs is also provided via the City’s social cluding of construction and demoli- the public via the City’s recycling di- media outlets. tion materials where relevant). rectory phone app and website how Increase the diversion rate away •Educate residents, businesses and •Create new commercial hauler and to recycle correctly. This information from landfill and incineration to at visitors to recycle correctly generator rules least 70% by 2030. •Lead by example at city facilities •Expand and enforce state and lo- Ensure accessibility and inclusivity of Zero Waste plan utilizes the City’s cal waste reduction and recycling •Expand recycling during new or updated programmes to re- Language and Communication Ac- requirements construction projects duce waste generation and disposal. cess training as well as its Resilience and Racial Equity guidelines. •Reinforce waste-reduction goals •Expand infrastructure for recycling through the collection system “hard to recycle” materials

EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS

• The City’s operations budget provides overall support for the zero-waste initiatives. Additional funding comes from state grants such as the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Proctection’s Sustainable Materials Recovery Program (SMRP) Municipal Grants.

4 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 5 Deployment of more efficient se- Examples of actions include: IncreaseIncrease the the diversion diversion rate rate away away Deployment of more efficient se- Examples of actions include: lective collection models shall ap- fromfrom landfilllandfill andand incinerationincineration toto atat lective collection models shall ap- ply with the adoption of “pay as you • Implement a regulation to move leastleast 70%70% byby 2030.2030. ply with the adoption of “pay as you • Implement a regulation to move Catalonia throw”throw” schemes. schemes. The The target target is is to to all municipalities in the regions regions to to-- reach toto reachreach 60%60% ofof selectiveselective colcol-- wards a volume based feefee structurestructure lectionlection byby 2020.2020. by 2020

The purpose is to ensure ensure that that all all • Increase mixed waste waste treatment treatment waste that is not collectedcollected selectiveselective-- capacity by 2019 so allall residualsresiduals cancan lyly isis treatedtreated previouslypreviously inin MechanicalMechanical receive treatment treatment rather rather that that going going © Getty Images / dem10 © Getty Images / dem10 Biological Treatment plants, before toto disposal.disposal. InIn 2017,2017, 60%60% ofof residualresidual going to incineration or landfill.landfill. waste is already treated.

• Implementation of research to esta- DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONSACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT • Implementation of research to esta- bilize the residual fraction to reduce (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) bilize the residual fraction to reduce methane generation and increase rere-- covery potential. Promote new law on prevention and • November 2018 Participation in the Reduce the municipal solid waste Promote new law on prevention and • November 2018 Participation in the management of waste and resources European Week for Waste Reduc- generation per capita by at least management of waste and resources European Week for Waste Reduc- tion (http://residus.gencat.cat/en/ 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. tion (http://residus.gencat.cat/en/ Adoption of the General Program ambits_dactuacio/prevencio/set- Adoption of the General Program ambits_dactuacio/prevencio/set- ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES for the prevention and management mana_europea/index.html) for the prevention and management mana_europea/index.html) ACTIONS of waste and resources in Catalonia (PRECAT20) • Subsidies for local entities, non-profits and universities for Communication campaign “Som http://somgentdeprofit.cat/ non-profits and universities for Reduce food loss/waste along pro- Communication campaign “Som http://somgentdeprofit.cat/ Some examples include: waste reduction projects, like the Gent de Profit” (“We are Food Wise” Some examples include: waste reduction projects, like the duction and supply chains. Gent de Profit” (“We are Food Wise” Local Plans for Waste Avoidance. inin English)English) • 2018-2019 Implementation of a Grants amount available for 2018: communication campaign for reuse 1.500.0001.500.000 €.€. and repair targeted for the general population

• 2018-2019 Implementation of food save and food loss reduction cam - paigns through the campaign “Som Gent de Profit”.

Since 2004 environmental taxation • Opertionalize the first phase of the Reduce the amount of municipal Since 2004 environmental taxation • Opertionalize the first phase of the has been applied to waste landfilled. landfill mining project, helping to re- solid waste disposed to landfill has been applied to waste landfilled. landfill mining project, helping to re- By 2020, it will be 50 €/t cover landfill capacity and valuable and incineration by at least 50% by By 2020, it will be 50 €/t cover landfill capacity and valuable materials, located in Cardener (Sol- Since 1993, municipalities have to Revenues from waste landfilled tax- 2030 compared to 2015. materials, located in Cardener (Sol- ImplementImplement oror scalescale upup sourcesource sepsep- Since 1993, municipalities have to Revenues from waste landfilled tax- In 2017 municipal waste landfilled sones province) set up separate selective wastes es return to the local entities to pro- In 2017 municipal waste landfilled sones province) arated collection for organics and set up separate selective wastes es return to the local entities to pro- was 37% (this percentage includes • Implementation in 2016 of the first collection (organic, glass, paper and mote recycling, in particular, 50% of was 37% (this percentage includes • Implementation in 2016 of the first other streams and treatment infra- collection (organic, glass, paper and mote recycling, in particular, 50% of products rejected by the recycling treatment plant that allows the ex- cardboard, plastics, cans and other the revenues are returned to pro- products rejected by the recycling treatment plant that allows the ex- structure. cardboard, plastics, cans and other the revenues are returned to pro- plants) ploitation of a landfill (Landfill (Landfill min - min- fractions)fractions) byby law.law. mote the collection and treatment ing),ing), andand inin thisthis wayway reducereduce thethe volvol-- of the organic fraction. Some examples include: ume of landfill. It isis locatedlocated inin ClarianaClariana de Cardener (comarca del Solsonès).Solsonès). • Implementation of technical regu- Since 2017, the free delivery of cash • Implementation of technical regu- Reduce or ban single-use and Since 2017, the free delivery of cash lation to limit the disposal of biode- • Implementing of alternative treat- bags or home delivery of any plastic lation to limit the disposal of biode- • Implementing of alternative treat- non-recyclable plastics and other bags or home delivery of any plastic gradable waste and recoverable ma- ment facilities to process residual material, including plastic in gener- gradable waste and recoverable ma- ment facilities to process residual materials, and/or support product material, including plastic in gener- terials in landfills. waste into renewable biofuels al, plastic oxodegradable and bio- terials in landfills. waste into renewable biofuels innovationinnovation && development.development. al, plastic oxodegradable and biodegradable plastic, excluding com - postable bags has been forbidden by law.

4 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 5 6 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 7 ADDITIONALADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVESUPPORTIVE EXAMPLESEXAMPLES OFOF CITYCITY INITIATIVESINITIATIVES ACTIONSACTIONS

ImproveImprove reusabilityreusability andand recyclingrecycling Eco-designEco-design isis highlyhighly promotedpromoted inin http://residus.gencat.cat/en/amhttp://residus.gencat.cat/en/am-- (including(including ofof constructionconstruction andand Catalonia.Catalonia. TheThe CataloniaCatalonia Eco-deEco-de-- bits_dactuacio/sensibilitzacio/prebits_dactuacio/sensibilitzacio/pre-- demolitiondemolition materialsmaterials wherewhere relerele-- signsign AwardAward recognizesrecognizes products,products, mis_medi_ambient/premi-catalunmis_medi_ambient/premi-catalun-- vant).vant). productsproducts underunder developmentdevelopment andand ya-ecodisseny-2017/ya-ecodisseny-2017/ strategiesstrategies designed,designed, manufacturedmanufactured oror executedexecuted inin CataloniaCatalonia whichwhich inin-- RevenuesRevenues fromfrom constructionconstruction wastewaste corporatecorporate inin theirtheir designdesign aspectsaspects landfilledlandfilled taxestaxes feed feed an an annual annual call call aimedaimed atat improvingimproving theirtheir environenviron-- forfor projectsprojects thatthat promotepromote thethe useuse ofof mentalmental performanceperformance overover thethe coursecourse recycledrecycled aggregates aggregates in in public public works. works. ofof theirtheir lifelife cycle.cycle.

EnsureEnsure accessibilityaccessibility andand inclusivityinclusivity AdoptionAdoption ofof thethe GeneralGeneral ProgramProgram ofof newnew oror updatedupdated programmesprogrammes toto forfor thethe preventionprevention andand managementmanagement reducereduce wastewaste generationgeneration andand disdis-- ofof wastewaste andand resourcesresources inin CataloniaCatalonia posal.posal. (PRECAT20)(PRECAT20)

EXAMPLEEXAMPLE OFOF FINANCIALFINANCIAL RESOURCESRESOURCES AVAILABLEAVAILABLE TOTO DELIVERDELIVER THETHE COMMITMENTSCOMMITMENTS

•• BudgetBudget ofof thethe GeneralitatGeneralitat ofof CataloniaCatalonia FundingsFundings throughthrough taxtax onon landfilllandfill andand incineratorincinerator ContributionsContributions ofof thethe ExtendedExtended ProducedProduced responsabilityresponsability revenuesrevenues areare distributeddistributed toto paypay somesome ofof thethe managemanage-- mentment costscosts toto locallocal entitiesentities andand aa partpart forfor communicationcommunication campaignscampaigns €€ 70M70M

68 AdvancingAdvancing TowardsTowards ZeroZero WasteWaste DeclarationDeclaration C40C40 79 Copenhagen © Istock / Brzozowska © Istock

DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.)

Reduce the municipal solid waste • More exchange options for Co- oped in partnerships with compa- Reduce the municipal solid waste • Data as a motivator. Good sorting young people in the city’s schools generation per capita by at least penhageners. Most people have nies, knowledge environments and generation per capita by at least for recycling requires that the indi- and institutions with a fundamen- 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. clothes, furniture’s and other stuff entrepreneurs, to have broad foun- 15% by 2030 compared to 2015 vidual citizen is motivated to sort. tal resource awareness through in- that they no longer use. Not all of dations and access to market accep- Feedback about the local sorting tegrated learning during education these things have a sales value but tance and testing. In 2024, 20% of shows, that what you do has ef- about waste sorting and circular still have a value in use. Instead of the quantities delivered at Sydhavn Increase the diversion rate away fect and importance. For example, economy in the daily. The ambition these effects being thrown out, they Recycling Centre will be reused. from landfill and incineration to at a feedback could be: “You have is that the day-to-day sorting at can be exchanged. The municipality least 70% by 2030. sorted xx kg of plastic and thereby schools is incorporated as a natu- will support the development of ex- More actions can be consulted in: saved xx kg of CO2”. In this effort, ral behavioural pattern that children change opportunities. Resource- and Waste Management waste data is being worked out for can attend and practice throughout Plan 2013-18 (RWMP18). the individual properties. the city. • Establishment of a resource labo- Resource- and Waste Management • Copenhagen as a pioneer munici- ratory in Sydhavn Recycling Centre. Plan 2019-24 (RWMP24). • Waste solutions on roads and other pality in circular procurement. The Sydhavn Recycling Centre consists public areas. Approximately, 34,000 municipality’s purchases can be of a “classic” recycling station and residential units in Copenhagen do made so that more products are an innovation house. In the innova- not have access to sort waste near- produced from circular principles tion house, solutions must be devel- by. Therefore, the municipality will and easy to recycle. The municipal- establish 750 sorting solutions in ity of Copenhagen purchases ap- public areas. In addition, all Copen- prox. 11 billion kr. (2017). The munic- hageners are offered extra service ipality can help promote the market and flexibility in their daily lives, so for circular products and increase they can deliver their source sorted demand for new circular solutions. waste in several places. • Establishment of a central sorting • Waste sorting in all Copenhagen plant for residual waste, etc. With municipalities and offices. As citi- the establishment of a sorting facili- zen and employee in Copenhagen, ty, Copenhagen helps to support the one must meet the opportunity to development of technology that can sort waste. By setting up proper increase resource recycling. At the sorting material in municipal build- sorting plant, most of the remain- ings (schools, institutions, cultural ing metal and plastics in the residual centres, libraries etc.) and increase waste can be sorted out for recy- communication efforts, source sort- cling, thus contributing to reducing ing will become an integral part of the climate load. everyday life.

• Children and Young People’s Learning and Participation in Waste Prevention and Waste Management. The effort will provide children and

10 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 11 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS

Reduce food loss/waste along pro- Campaign in 2017-18 in corporation duction and supply chains. with influencers and businesses about reducing food waste. Part of Resource- and Waste Management Plan 2013-2018 (RWMP18).

Implement or scale up source sep- Source separation of organic waste arated collection for organics and has been implemented in 2017-18 as other streams and treatment infra- part of RWMP18. structure.

Reduce or ban single-use and City of Copenhagen has developed An initiative in RWMP18 is to spread non-recyclable plastics and other a number of projects to increase the use of reuse-cups in public materials, and/or support product recycling of plastics and substitute events. innovation & development. non-recyclable plastics in close corporation with the whole value chain (producers, retailers and waste han- dlers). These projects have been co-financed by EU (Plastic Zero, Horizon 2020 – Force), and as part of RWMP18.

Improve reusability and recycling RWMP18 including a number of ini- A number of swap-facilities has (including of construction and tiatives to increase reusability and been installed throughout the city demolition materials where rele- recycling. – in streets, libraries, recycling sta- vant). tions etc.

Ensure accessibility and inclusivity As part of RWMP all schools source of new or updated programmes to separate and learn about waste and reduce waste generation and dis- recycling. In the coming years all posal. public institutions will source separate.

EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS

• RWMP’s are fully financed by the waste fee that all households and enterprises pay with the property tax. © Getty images / mariusz_prusaczyk

12 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 13 Increase the diversion rate away See above. Setting a zero recyclable • London Plan: Setting a target for from landfill and incineration to at waste to landfill target by 2026, and London to manage net 100 per cent least 70% by 2030. London being a zero waste city by of its waste produced by 2026 London 2050 Reference: The target is based on achiev- -London Environment Strategy: Fig- ing a combination of Recycling + ure 48 Infrastructure Need 2030 Pg Pre-treatment. Applying this ap- 326 proach London in 2030 and if the policies in the LES are fully imple- © Istock / _ultraforma_ © Istock mented then our modelling shows that this would achieve a 75% incineration and landfill diversion rate DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT (Recycling 65% + Pre-Treatment (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) 10%).

Reduce the municipal solid waste London’s 2015 municipal waste per • Target: 50 per cent reduction in ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES generation per capita by at least head was 796kgs per head. Our food waste and associated packag- ACTIONS 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. modelling shows that if the policies ing waste per person by 2030 are fully implemented to achieve the 50% food waste reduction and as- • Proposal 7.1.1b: supporting waste Reduce food loss/waste along pro- Being a key engagement partner to Support implementing London’s sociated packaging target per head reduction campaigns, with a focus duction and supply chains. the Courtauld Commitment 2025 circular economy route map. This this will bring this down to 664kgs on cutting single use plastic pack- – a voluntary agreement working involves supporting entrepreneurs per head. This represents a 17% re- aging (namely water bottles) with 140 companies across the food and businesses to adopt circular duction. system to make food and drink con- economy business models in five • Proposal 7.1.1c: Supporting cam- sumption more sustainable. The priority areas: food, packaging, elec- London Environment Strategy (LES) paigns, initiatives and business Mayor supports campaigns includ- tricals, textiles. More information at policies, targets and proposals: (See models to reuse materials. ing Love Food Hate Waste and Tri- https://www.lwarb.gov.uk/what-we- https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/ focal. More information at www.re- do/circular-london/circular-econo- default/files/london_environment_ • Proposal 7.1.1.d: Leading by exam- sourcelondon.org my-route-map/ strategy_0.pdf) ple to cut waste and encourage reuse through the GLA Group’s opera- • Policy7.1.1: Setting waste reduction tions and procurement activities Implement or scale up source sep- • LES Proposal: 7.2.1a: Setting a min- targets for the city, working with arated collection for organics and imum level of service for household Londoners, waste authorities and • Proposal 7.2.2b- Working with other streams and treatment infra- recycling collecting the six core ma- other stakeholders to significantly waste authorities and other partners structure. terials and separate food waste cut waste and boost materials reuse to cut single use packaging and promote duty of Care requirements to reduce littering Reduce or ban single-use and Piloting and rolling out water refill Calling on Government to strength- non-recyclable plastics and other schemes across London. We don’t en Extended Producer Responsibili- materials, and/or support product have the power to ban single use ty Requirements, especially for plas- Reduce the amount of municipal The policies in the LES aim to meet • Proposal: 7.2.1a: Setting a minimum innovation & development. plastics or other materials. We are tic packaging. solid waste disposed to landfill a reduction of municipal waste by level of service for household recy- leading by example through our and incineration by at least 50% by 65% by 2030 with zero biodegrad- cling collecting the six core materi- procurement activities by start- Supporting efforts to develop and 2030 compared to 2015. able or recyclablewaste to landfill by als and separate food waste ing to phase out single-use plas- implement the UK Plastics Pact. See 2026. Our modelling shows that if tics bottle sales,removing single http://www.wrap.org.uk/content/ the policies are fully implemented • Proposal 7.2.2: Supporting efforts use plastics in cafes and facilities the-uk-plastics-pact?gclid=EAIaI- this would result in a 69% reduction to consolidate commercially collect- across the GLA Group organisa- QobChMIqNyT2J7R3AIVRZyzCh2_ in waste sent to landfill from 16% in ed waste services to improve recy- tions, and improving access to tap iQfoEAAYASAAEgKNdvD_BwE 2016/17 to 5% in 2030 and a 32% re- cling performance and reduce con- water. More information at https:// duction in waste sent to incineration gestion www.london.gov.uk/what-we-do/ from 38% in 2016/17 to 26% in 2030. environment/waste-and-recycling/ References: single-use-plastic-bottles • Policy 7.2.1: Increase recycling rates -London Environment Strategy: Ev- to achieve a 65 per cent municipal idence Base Fig 63 Pg 98: 2015/16 GLA Group Responsible Procure- waste recycling rate by 2030 Municipal Waste management ment Policy: https://www.london. routes; gov.uk/sites/default/files/gla_ -London Environment Strategy: Fig- group_rpp_v7.12_final_template_ ure 48 Infrastructure Need 2030 Pg for_web.pdf 326

14 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 15 ADDITIONALADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLESEXAMPLES OF OF CITY CITY INITIATIVES INITIATIVES ACTIONSACTIONS

EnsureEnsure accessibility accessibility and and inclusivity inclusivity • Proposal:• Proposal: 7.2.1a: 7.2.1a: Setting Setting a minimuma minimum SeeSee Circular Circular Economy Economy statement statement of ofnew new or orupdated updated programmes programmes to to levellevel of ofservice service for for household household recy recy- - above.above. London London Plan Plan Policy Policy D4: D4: All All reducereduce waste waste generation generation and and dis dis- - clingcling collecting collecting the the six six core core dry dry ma ma- - newnew developments developments to toprovide provide ade ade- - posal.posal. terialsterials (all (all properties) properties) and and separate separate quatequate space space for for the the collection collection and and foodfood waste waste all allproperties, properties, and and flats/ flats/ storagestorage of ofat atleast least the the six six core core dry dry apartmentsapartments where where feasible feasible . . recyclablerecyclable materials materials and and separate separate foodfood waste. waste.

EXAMPLEEXAMPLE OF OF FINANCIAL FINANCIAL RESOURCES RESOURCES AVAILABLE AVAILABLE TO TO DELIVER DELIVER THE THE COMMITMENTS COMMITMENTS

• •TheThe London London Waste Waste and and Recycling Recycling Board Board (LWARB) (LWARB) manages manages a £20.4a £20.4 million million fund fund between between 2017 2017 and and 2020 2020 sup sup- - portingporting local local authority authority waste waste and and recycling recycling service service improvements, improvements, deliver deliver London-wide London-wide communication communication pro pro- - grammes,grammes, and and invest invest in infunds funds and and activities activities supporting supporting SMEs SMEs to toscale scale up up and and adopt adopt circular circular economy economy business business models.models.

• •TheThe Mayor’s Mayor’s Entrepreneur Entrepreneur programme programme provides provides three three £20,000 £20,000 cash cash prizes prizes to toLondon London students students to tohelp help commer commer- - cialisecialise smart smart ideas ideas to toimprove improve the the city. city.

TheThe Mayor Mayor provides provides £2.7m £2.7m to topilot pilot and and roll roll out out water water refill refill stations stations across across the the city city supported supported by by communication communication activities.activities. © www.london.gov.uk © www.london.gov.uk

16 16 AdvancingAdvancing Towards Towards Zero Zero Waste Waste Declaration Declaration C40C40 17 17 Reduce the amount of municipal To reduce solid waste generation per RecycLA, the city’s waste and recy- solid waste disposed to landfill capita, we will roll out organics re- cling program for commercial and and incineration by at least 50% by cycling for single family, multi-fami- apartment buildings, requires that Los Angeles 2030 compared to 2015. ly and commercial entities city-wide haulers reduce landfill disposal by over the next five years. This is ex- 1 million tons per year by 2025. We pected to tackle the food waste that are working directly with haulers to makes up 15% of all tonnage going monitor and achieve this require- to landfill. Additionally, we will ex- ment. pand recycling on hard to reach items, such as clothing and textiles, Los Angeles will require all plastic © Istock / Ron_Thomas © Istock mattresses, carpet and construc- straws and plastic utensils be made tion and demolition debris in 2020 with compostable products by - 2022. 2022, and will expand access to spe- DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT cific item recycling, e.g. mattresses, (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) carpet, clothing, construction and demolition.

Reduce the municipal solid waste The 2013 Solid Waste Integrated Re- •Work with specific industries generation per capita by at least source Plan, developed by the Bu- such as film and television for set Increase the diversion rate away Current diversion rate is 75%. The City will do this through 1) up- 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. reau of Sanitation for the City of Los re-use programs to reduce con- from landfill and incineration to at Through the Sustainable City pLAn stream advocacy for manufacturer Angeles (LASAN), lays out a num- struction waste. least 70% by 2030. the Los Angeles Bureau of Sanita- responsibility on reducing material ber of waste generation reduction tion’s Solid Waste Integrated Re- in shipping and manufacturing 2) measures the Bureau will pursue of •Extended producer responsibil- sources Plan, we as a city have com- the creation of a resource recovery in is effort to reach the city’s 97% di- ity with manufacturers by advo- mitted to reaching 90% diversion by center 3) education and outreach 4) version rate by 2030 target. These cating for State packaging legis- 2025, and 97% diversion by 2030. contract with new and diverse recy- include: lation cling facilities 5) creating the right incentives through waste hauling • Roll out extensive customer •Removing certain materials rates. education in 2017-2022 on the from the waste stream altogeth- impact of waste on the environ- er by banning expanded polysty- ment and how each individual rene foam containers and other can contribute to the Zero Waste single use plastic items items. goal. The City’s RecycLA program cre- •Working with our Office of ated a food recovery program that Community Beautification to partners RecycLA service providers provide grants to neighbour- (haulers) with food recovery organi- hood focused non-profits for zations. RecycLA Service Providers zero waste education projects in are contractually obligated to sup- the community port food rescue by partnering with local non-profits “for the redistribu- •Expand access to LA SHARES, tion of edible food that is captured a non-profit materials reuse “Before the Bin”. Since July 2017, program which takes donations over 1,000 tons of food has been from local businesses of reus- rescued due to this program. able goods and materials and redistribute these items free- of-charge to non-profits and schools throughout the County © lacitysan

18 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 19 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS Reduce or ban single-use and In 2008 the City of Los Angeles Los Angeles will require all plastic non-recyclable plastics and other banned the use of expanded poly- straws and plastic utensils be made materials, and/or support product styrene in all city facilities. LASAN with compostable products by 2022. Reduce food loss/waste along pro- The City has also established a num- Field staff will go door-to-door to innovation & development. will work with the city’s new Chief The City will continue to support the duction and supply chains. ber of pilot programs to help reduce 20,000 households to provide them Procurement Officer to determine State’s efforts for early removal of food loss/waste along production a 2-gallon kitchen pail, along with a how to extend this ban through ad- single use plastics from the waste and supply chains. “how-to” brochure and smart-shop- justments to city procurement and stream, including single use plastic ping flyer/brochure. Throughout the contracting requirements within the bags, plastic straws, and single use 1) Pilot programs: Single Family pilot, we will engage the participants city, including for events. New pro- utensils as part of this strategy. home residents were provided with through newsletters and community curement guidelines will be pub- Separately, LASAN will convene a a free, commercial-grade waste dis- events. The commingled material lished in 2020. forum with local producers on re- posal to divert food scraps through will be processed through Anaero- ducing plastic use in shipping and the wastewater conveyance system. bic Digestion (AD) for compressed along production lines in 2019. Changes in organic loading to the natural gas (CNG) production. conveyance system and wastewater treatment plant are analyzed 3) LA World Airports (LAX) Improve reusability and recycling LASAN has an existing construction via quarterly wastewater samples launched a food waste collection (including of construction and and demolition recycling program taken through maintenance holes; program collecting 375 pounds per demolition materials where rele- for: concrete and asphalt, bricks, sampling is supplemented with par- day of kitchen-scraps generated by vant). gypsum/wallboard, and scrap met- ticipant surveys available through four food service establishments. al. The Bureau plans to review how Closed Caption TV surveys. LA- Another program, for the collection to expand the C&D recycling offer- SAN is also developing a model of of kitchen-scrap and post-consum- ings in 2022 and 2024. how the additional organics flows er food waste has been in operation through the wastewater treatment for approximately nine months at a plant, and if there will be any im- privately-managed cafe inside Los Ensure accessibility and inclusivity Recycling programs are available to pacts to the existing operations. Angeles City Hall, collecting roughly of new or updated programmes to single-family homes, multi-family 20 pounds per day. reduce waste generation and dis- homes, and commercial entities, to- 2) In June 2019, Residents will be posal. day. Organics processing programs provided smart-shopping education will be available city-wide by 2022. and be allowed to place food waste into their green yard trimmings bin.

EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS Implement or scale up source sep- The Los Angeles Bureau of Sanita- Through the RecycLA program, separated collection for organics and tion (LASAN) is in its second year arate organics collection and pro- • California Assembly Bill 939 fees - In order to operate as a waste hauler in the state of California, haulers must other streams and treatment infra- of piloting different organics processing will be rolled out to apart- pay applicable AB 939 compliance fees of ten percent of gross receipts to their local governing body. These fees structure. cessing programs in single-family ment buildings and commercial are earmarked toward the development and expansion of recycling programs. homes to determine which or what buildings city-wide by 2021. set of programs are most impactful • The commercial and multi-family franchise, known locally as RecycLA, require investments in additional recycling to roll out city-wide. This includes LASAN is currently working on roll- and organics processing. The program in total has seen a commitment of roughly $200M in facility upgrades and collection of pre-consumer organic ing out organics collection and pro- new construction over the next 10 years. The contracts also require partnership with food rescue organizations material in residential yard trimming cessing at all City Facilities by 2019. throughout the city. collection, small scale anaerobic di- gesters connected to the sewer sys- • LASAN Solid Resources Fee - $36.32/month for single family dwellings and duplexes tem, and compost collection points across the city. The full organics col- • The Office of Community Beautification grants of up to $10,00 per year to community groups focused on making lection and processing program for physical improvements to neighbourhoods. single-family homes will be rolled out city-wide by 2021.

20 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 21 Reduce the amount of municipal The City of Melbourne will increase • Investigate new opportunities solid waste disposed to landfill recovery of municipal solid waste to recycle dumped rubbish and and incineration by at least 50% by from 22% in 2016-17 to 90% by 2030, manage litter Melbourne 2030 compared to 2015. and reduce the overall amount of waste produced by 20% by 2030. • Establish and deliver a waste This will be done through the fol- minimisation and innovation lowing actions: fund.

• deliver options to separate or- • Strengthen Waste Management ganic waste Plan guidelines and review and © Istock / kokkai © Istock update waste generation rates to • deliver new resource recovery ensure higher recovery rates in hub network for businesses new developments. DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) • deliver a new expert advisory The City of Melbourne will influ- service to support an improved ence others and advocate for: waste system Reduce the municipal solid waste The City of Melbourne delivers di- Key actions to reduce MSW waste • investment in new resource re- generation per capita by at least rect waste services to most resi- generation (both from households • deliver a waste minimisation covery infrastructure 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. dents and some businesses, governs in the municipality and from council and innovation fund some aspects of the private waste operations) includes: • an incentive program to im- industry and seeks to influence the • deliver electronic waste recy- prove collection systems whole municipality through a vari- • Investigate and advocate for cling options for residents ety of measures. regulations to avoid the genera- • best practice sustainable pro- tion and improve recovery of or- • Run, support and advocate for curement policies and processes The City of Melbourne is one of 31 ganics and plastics waste. education campaigns councils that make up metropolitan • extended producer responsi- Melbourne. We collaborate with oth- • Broad behaviour change cam- • Explore innovative approaches bility and a container deposit er councils on common problems paigns to increase avoidance and to waste reuse, collection, stor- scheme in Victoria and solutions, including advocacy reuse age and recovery. and waste minimisation initiatives. • Provide expert advisory service to support improved waste sys- Increase the diversion rate away The City of Melbourne will: • Establish and deliver a waste City of Melbourne’s Waste and Re- tem, including opportunities to from landfill and incineration to at minimisation and innovation source Recovery Strategy 2030 was reduce waste generation. least 70% by 2030. • deliver options to separate or- fund. endorsed in July 2019. The key tar- ganic waste • Strengthen Waste Management gets for 2030 (from 2016-17 base- • Improve City of Melbourne’s Plan guidelines and review and line)include: operations, tenancies and devel- • deliver new resource recovery update waste generation rates to opments through waste educa- hub network for businesses ensure higher recovery rates in • 90% of waste diverted from tion and behaviour change new developments. landfill • deliver a new expert advisory • Reduce waste and improve service to support an improved The City of Melbourne will influence • 1.2Mt C02-e in greenhouse gas waste management at City of waste system others and advocate for: emissions avoided Melbourne sponsored and run • 20% reduction in household events. • deliver a waste minimisation • investment in new resource re- waste reduced (the key goal for and innovation fund covery infrastructure this section) • Advocate for stronger extended producer responsibility. • deliver electronic waste recy- • an incentive program to im- cling options for residents prove collection systems • Establish and deliver a waste minimisation and innovation • Run, support and advocate for • best practice sustainable pro- fund which may support avoid- education campaigns curement policies and processes ance and reuse projects. • Explore innovative approaches • extended producer responsi- to waste reuse, collection, stor- bility and a container deposit age and recovery. scheme in Victoria.

• Investigate new opportunities to recycle dumped rubbish and manage litter

22 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 23 OTHER SUPPORTIVE ACTIONS EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES Ensure accessibility and inclusivity • Deliver a new expert advisory ser- • Continue to offer services in lan- of new or updated programmes to vice to support an improved waste guages our community speak reduce waste generation and dis- system Reduce food loss/waste along pro- • deliver options to separate organic • deliver a new expert advisory ser- posal. duction and supply chains. waste vice to support an improved waste system • deliver new resource recovery hub network for businesses • Support for food waste reduction EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS campaigns • Year 1 of the waste strategy has been funded to $AU900,000 with future funding commitments to be secured plus approximately 15 staff roles. A similar level of resourcing is expected for future years. Implement or scale up source sep- • deliver options to separate organic • Five communal waste compactors arated collection for organics and waste in laneways that take waste from other streams and treatment infra- more than 480 businesses structure. • new resource recovery hub network for businesses • Eleven recycling hubs offering free recycling to businesses, with an ad- • options to separate organic waste ditional 175 cardboard bins in 68 laneways across the central city. • electronic waste recycling options for residents. • Our aim is to replace and expand the current shared garbage com- • explore innovative approaches to pactor and recycling hubs to meet waste reuse, collection, storage and current and future waste collection recovery. The City of Melbourne is needs. inviting expressions of interest for progressive resource recovery and • We envision a future where our waste disposal services in the cen- city produces less waste and max- tral city. imises the life of materials through reuse, recycling and recovery. We currently have three collection facilities for the commercial sector: • Strengthen Waste Management Plan guidelines and review and up- • Degraves Street Recycling Facility date waste generation rates to en- processes food waste and collects sure higher recovery rates in new glass, steel, aluminium, plastic and developments. cardboard generated from more than 100 cafes and restaurants

Reduce or ban single-use and • Advocate to other levels of gov- • Grant funding and advice for proj- non-recyclable plastics and other ernment for stronger extended pro- ects that reduce unnecessary single materials, and/or support product ducer responsibility and container use products innovation & development. deposit scheme requirements to improve design and production.

• Events initiatives to reduce unnecessary single use products

Improve reusability and recycling • Deliver a waste minimisation and • Strengthen City of Melbourne’s (including of construction and innovation fund. The waste minimi- procurement practices to use recy- demolition materials where rele- sation and innovation fund supports cled materials where appropriate. vant). small businesses, social enterprise, schools, community groups, start- • Explore improving building and ups and universities to take action planning laws to increase reuse of and develop ideas construction material

24 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 25 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS

Milan Reduce food loss/waste along pro- • Tax incentives for food waste re- • Local Food Waste Hub: duction and supply chains. duction: reduces by 20 percent the This pilot project, implemented in tax on waste in favor of food busi- three neighborhoods, promotes the nesses (supermarkets, restaurants, redistribution of food losses at the canteens, producers etc.) that do- local level in a space offered by the nate their food losses to charities. Municipality of Milan. In the course of the pilot year the input and out- © Istock / AnastasiaRas © Istock • School Canteens Food Waste Re- put flows of donation in the hub will duction Programmes: be monitored and this knowledge there are 106 canteens (on a total of will be spread to other 35 local or- DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT 418) affiliated to a food bank for the ganizations mapped by the Food (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) recovery and redistribution of 140 Policy. According to a preliminary ton / year of fruit and bread. More- analysis, each hub will be able to over, 31 000 reusable doggy bags gather and redistribute approxi- Reduce the municipal solid waste The Strategic Program for Integrat- • Feasibility analysis for the im- are distributed to children, who can mately 70 tonnes of food per year. generation per capita by at least ed Solid Waste Management (2017- plementation of a volumetric bring home non perishable leftovers. 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. 2021) includes the launch of several measurement system, prelimi- • Open street markets: initiatives intended to reduce waste nary to the implementation of a supporting a local association in the generation, including: Unit-based pricing model. collection of surpluses at the end of the daily market activity. The test in- • Strengthening of used clothing The following plan after 2021 will volves 11 pilot markets, with a direct collection in partnership with so- also build on the outcomes of these engagement of the beneficiaries. cial cooperatives and Third Sec- initial actions, aligned to the 2020 tor operators Climate Action Plan. Implement or scale up source sep- • Organic waste collection at open • Campaigns in schools for the dis- • Increase of Recycling centers, arated collection for organics and street markets semination of environmental issues, with annexed Reuse centers other streams and treatment infra- focusing particularly on the recy- structure. • Reviewing of the frequency of re- cling and reuse of waste supported sidual fraction collection (from two- by dedicated containers in open ar- day per week to daily) eas and in classrooms

• Time extension for cardboard pick Next Service Agreement (starting up and combined paper and card- from 2021) will include further ac- Reduce the amount of municipal Action examples include: board pick up, extending this ser- tions to increase the separate col- solid waste disposed to landfill • Open markets programs for vice to all the utilities, both domes- lection. The Strategic Program will and incineration by at least 50% by • Tax incentives for food waste food surplus tic and commercial ones. be in line with Climate Action Plan 2030 compared to 2015. reduction that would be elaborated by 2020. • Green Public Procurement, also • Increase of inspections and penalties. • Food waste Reduction pro- including construction contracts 2021 Target: 58% waste separate grams at school canteens and permits • Dedicated waste containers within collection 2030 Target: 75% waste all the government offices for paper, separate collection • Neighborhood food waste pre- plastic, glass, residual and organics vention hubs • Government employees awareness raising campaign and instruction Increase the diversion rate away The proposed objective of 70% di- Revision of enforcing mechanisms booklets and posters from landfill and incineration to at version rate is in line with the long- to improve segregation compliance least 70% by 2030. term programs. Some actions examples, detailed later include: • Awareness campaigns and containers deployment to improve • Increasing organics collection segregation for schools and mu- at open markets nicipal employees

• Segregated containers at public events

26 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 27 Reduce or ban single-use and Plastic ban in school canteens, be- Public Procurement Rules and Pub- non-recyclable plastics and other ing replaced by biodegradable and lic events with the aim of reduc- materials, and/or support product compostable material (eliminating ing waste generation and increase innovation & development. the consumption of plastic for 25,3 source segregation millions of dishes, saving 720,000 kg of plastic)

Improve reusability and recycling The Municipality will implement the (including of construction and green public procurement regula- demolition materials where rele- tion in the construction and demo- vant). lition activities, both in private and public sectors.

Ensure accessibility and inclusivity All programs and measures related The information activities adopt of new or updated programmes to to the Integrated Solid Waste Man- several different languages to com- reduce waste generation and dis- agement and to the waste produc- municate to different resident com- posal. tion reduction involve all the City dis- munities (e.g. Chinese, Spanish, tricts and - the same time - domestic, Arabic...) and involve them in the commercial and tertiary utilities. behavioral change required to city inhabitants and users.

EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS

• The current contract for the integrated solid waste management system 2017-2021 includes the financial resources for the implementation of the main actions described above, considered additional with respect of the standard services provided by the contractor. In the financial planning of the Municipality of Milan for the following contract periods (2021-2026 and subsequent) will be included additional resources for specific projects. Besides, the 2020 Climate Action Plan will cover a number of actions and projects in the waste sector.

• Main part of actions included in the Strategic Program for Service improvement are already funded in the economic agreement linked to the Service Agreement with AMSA. © Getty images / titoslack

28 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 29 Increase the diversion rate away Introduce food waste collection in Increase the number of ecocenters from landfill and incineration to at multi-unit dwellings or residence (civic amenities centers) least 70% by 2030. with nine or more units Montréal Develop the recycling of polysty- Offer municipal collection to the ICI rene (two ecocenters equipped with (industrial, commercial and insti- a polystyrene recycling unit) tutional) sector comparable to the municipal collect Information campaign which target specific stream such as organics Process compostable materials in with a communication campaign facilities on the territory of Montreal named “Off the plate, to the bin » Island

DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS Reduce the municipal solid waste All actions planned into the city In addition, the following actions are generation per capita by at least waste management plan contribute planned and supported by the mu- 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. to the reduction of MSW generation nicipal Council: Montreal is a member of the Nation- donation awareness program for its per capita. Reduce food loss/waste along pro- al Zero Waste Council since April 14,000 restaurants and food distri- • Banishment of single-use water duction and supply chains. 2015 and particularly involved in the bution institutions in its territory. The following actions are already in bottles in municipal buildings; food waste working group. More- place but will be extended: over, in 2018, the city’s food inspec- • Development of a strategy for tion service is about to launch a food • Recovery and sale of used con- plastic reduction struction materials in place in two out of seven ecocenters Additional actions have been as- Implement or scale up source sep- Progressive implementation of In Montreal the allocation process sessed through the revision of the arated collection for organics and source separated organics collec- is in progress to award contracts to • Containers for clothes recovery waste management plan that will other streams and treatment infra- tion has started in 2008 on a weekly: design, build and operate two com- in each ecocenter go through public consultation and structure. posting facilities and one anaerobic then validated by the authorities pri- • In 2017, more than 410 000 digestion plant to recycle organics. • Segregation of reusable equip- or to any publication housing units had access to Calls for tenders are already com- ments in each ecocenter food waste collection (76 % of pleted. all buildings with eight units or • Contribution to the -”Québec less). City will deploy a source Existing programs offered to the waste reduction week”. separated collection of organics whole population are the followings: for 100% of the buildings with 8 - Recyclable material collection : 52 units or less by 2019. collections/year Reduce the amount of municipal Montreal assesses pre-treatment Public call for tenders will be - Green waste collection : frequency solid waste disposed to landfill technologies for domestic waste in launched for the design and con- • In 2018, Montreal will develop varies with the boroughs and incineration by at least 50% by order to segregate materials with a struction of a pilot waste pretreat- its strategy to implement this - Construction and demolition waste 2030 compared to 2015. potential of recovery, to be able to ment unit. This facility with a treat- service in buildings of more than collection : frequency varies with produce : ment capacity of 25 000 t/year, will 8 housing units. the boroughs - Compostable and recyclable be used to test several configura- materials streams tions and define an optimal process - Fuel derived from waste or syn- line to segregate three different Reduce or ban single-use and By-law 16-051 prohibiting the distri- gas or synoil, and finally streams: recyclables, organic matter non-recyclable plastics and other bution of certain types of shopping - ultimate residues and materials with a high-calorific materials, and/or support product retail store. Ban started on January value. innovation & development. 1, 2018.

30 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 31 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS

Improve reusability and recycling Seven existing civic amenities cen- Construction and demolition waste (including of construction and ters (ecocenters) collection demolition materials where relevant). - accepted materials : construction Montreal is part of the innovation and demolition material, household in the waste recovery sector and hazardous waste, metals, articles to is a co-founder with the university be reused, clothes, household appli- of Polytechnique Montreal of the ances, electronic products, refriger- Research Chair on Advance Waste ation, freezing and air conditioning Recovery. The main objective of the units containing halocarbons, etc.). research program is to enhance cir- Development of new civic amenities cular economy generated by waste centers is planned to reach a total management and reduce disposal. amount of 14 ecocenters for the Findings of this Chair are used to whole city. Two of them are planned plan our Waste management pro- within the next 4 years. grams.

Ensure accessibility and inclusivity Specific information campaign are Specific satisfaction surveys are of new or updated programmes to organized per eco-district and organized per programmes (green reduce waste generation and dis- through door to door communica- waste collection for instance). posal. tions

EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS

• The three-year investment plan (2018-2020) reaches 344 million CAD for the development of waste recovery infrastructures. © Getty images / carterdayne

32 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 33 Navarra © Getty images / MarioGuti

DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) ACTIONS

Reduce the state or regional sol- Regional Law on Waste: • Navarra Law 7/2013, of February • Preparation and dissemination of id waste generation per capita by • It includes specific measures to • It is targeting the separate collec- Reduce food loss/waste along pro- 25, on the utilization of food waste. an action plan for the prevention of at least 15% by 2030 compared to make prevention effective , i.e.: tion of 70% of organic matter. duction and supply chains. It allows, from the public powers, to waste in the food chain, in line with 2015. promote the adoption of measures, the “Alliance against food wastage”, • The creation of the Prevention Of- • It contemplates a broad-based not only habits of reasonable con- in collaboration with foundations, fice (strategy and advisory service). taxation sumption in the citizens, but also NGOs, related to this issue, for par- good practices in food distribution ticipation of the Food Bank of Na- • The progressive elimination of dis- chains that prevent them from end- varra ( BAN) to promote and boost posable packaging and products: ing up in garbage turned into waste. the use of food (Banco de Alimen- - Bags: Charge for bags in 2018 tos de Navarra, etc.). and a ban on the provision of • Avoid food wastage (2015): Alli- bags by 2020 ance against food waste. 21 mem- • Agreements with key agents of - Pods and tableware: single use, ber companies, 71 collaborative es- strategic sectors for the creation non-biodegradable ones are tablishments, 537,660 Kilograms of of stable channels of use of food banned from 2020 onwards. food collected and 69% of Utiliza- surpluses from producers, catering - Minimise packaging in: tion Index entities, to the entities of their dis- ... Public administrations: no sale tribution of packaged water, and sources • Participation of the Autonomous of potable water. Community of Navarre in the “Strat- • Elaboration of type specifications egy: more food, less waste” of the aimed at collective catering ser- Ministry: vices with waste prevention criteria Implement or scale up source sep- Regional Taxation on Waste: in public administration documents, arated collection for organics and Penalises landfilling by starting a • Creation of an intersectoral Work- schools and collective catering ser- other streams and treatment infra- pay-as-you-throw system with a ing Table (Food Bank, Supermarket vices structure. landfill disposal tax, with the reve- Association of Navarra, Merchants nue used to create a Waste Fund. Association, etc.) to promote and • Training and advice to key agents boost the prevention of food waste with a view to reducing food waste

Increase the diversion rate away Navarra Waste Plan 2017-2027: • it creates a Waste Fund to mitigate from landfill and incineration to at • it is focused on the separate col- the waste-related adverse impacts Reduce food loss/waste along pro- According to the Law on Waste and 1 January 2022 onwards, targeting least 70% by 2030. lection of 70% of organic matter on human health and the environ- duction and supply chains. its Taxation: the separate collection of 70%, with from 100% of the population; ment Implement or scale up source sep- To promote the universalization of a 10% share of improper waste, pri- arated collection for organics and separate bio-waste collection, which marily for composting, or otherwise • it contemplates broad-based tax- other streams and treatment infra- shall be mandatory in Navarra from for biomethanation ation, with a landfill or incineration structure. disposal tax according to the environmental impact of the waste;

The law includes a chapter on prevention measures: TITLE IV. Prevention measures and waste management. Article 18. Office for waste prevention and the promotion of the circular economy. Article 19. Green public procurement. Article 20. Separate collection of organic matter from household and commercial waste. Article 21. Separate collection for preparation for reuse and recycling. Article 22. Landfill of household and commercial waste. Article 23. Use of plastic bags and the sale of disposable tableware. Article 24. Packaging prevention measures and waste management measures in public buildings. Article 25. Waste management plans in buildings. Article 26. Other management systems. Article 27. Public events. Article 28. Awareness-raising, support and information campaigns.

34 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 35 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS

Improve reusability and recycling According to the Law on Waste and Government shall provide and put (including of construction and its Taxation: The amount of house- into effect provisions to ensure that, demolition materials where rele- hold and commercial waste (paper, for public buildings and those build- vant). metals, glass, plastic, bio-waste and ings in which the owners receive other recyclable components), di- public funds, Waste Management rected at preparation for reuse and Plans are drawn-up, approved and recycling must at least reach 75%. applied, promoting prevention and separate collection

Ensure accessibility and inclusivity Public Administration of Navarra of new or updated programmes to shall prepare a Plan for Green Pub- reduce waste generation and dis- lic Procurement and Innovation and posal. the promotion of the Circular Econ- omy in order to prioritise reusable materials, recyclable products and the use of recycled materials with regard to the purchases made by the Government

EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS

• Environmental taxation: 2 instruments: • Landfill disposal tax for entities and managers disposing of waste in Navarra. It will come into effect on 1st July 2018 and the revenue will go to the Waste Fund.

• Waste Fund: to finance measures and actions included in the Plan and the Law. - It shall be financed by the revenue from the tax + sanctions + General Budget of Navarra + others. - The Department of the Environment shall be responsible for allocating the Fund, subject to consultation with the Entity

• The tax shall come into effect on 1st July 2018. © Getty images / VanderWolf-Images

36 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 37 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS

Newburyport Reduce food loss/waste along pro- The city’s Health Department has YWCA began Nourishing the North duction and supply chains. some ambitious goals to increase Shore which supports local food re- backyard gardens, expand market covery at all of the locals schools. for local produce; increase purchase The city also boasts community ser- at local CSA’s and increase the num- vice agencies which capture recov- ber of area farm workers. In 2015 the ered food from area restaurants for Health Dept. along with our local local distribution. © Istock / DenisTangneyJr © Istock

Implement or scale up source sep- The city ran an organics pilot in DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT arated collection for organics and one section of the city from 2013- (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) other streams and treatment infra- 2015 and has rolled out a city wide structure. curbside program in addition to an established full service backyard Reduce the municipal solid waste Institute a waste reduction program pay as you throw and city wide haler composting program. The city will generation per capita by at least that is currently under review with regulations. The city will also pro- also explore anaerobic digestion on 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. the City’s Waste Reduction Task pose a new requirement under Per- a regional basis. Force and Towards Zero Waste formance Standards for sustainabil- Committee. Actions already start- ity in our Zoning Ordinances. This ed include city wide organics curb will require mandatory conditions Reduce or ban single-use and The City of Newburyport was the to seek product stewardship from side pick-up, city wide education for project approvals for waste re- non-recyclable plastics and other first city in the Commonwealth of manufacturers and is part of the both traditional and social media, duction (recycling and organics) as materials, and/or support product Massachusetts to ban singe use Product Stewardship Institute and and an expanded zero waste drop well as energy standards. innovation & development. plastic bags. The city along with other organizations and forums to off canter. Other actions under de- the state continues to look for ways advocate for these changes. velopment include a lending library, Improve reusability and recycling The city ran a Toward Zero Waste (including of construction and program in 2012 and has maintained Reduce the amount of municipal All of the actions listed above will non-municipal generators (to area demolition materials where rele- the program options for reduction, solid waste disposed to landfill lead us to a reduction in our incin- composting facilities), and a newly vant). reuse, and remanufacturing in the and incineration by at least 50% by eration disposal with comprehen- enacted waste reduction/pay as you city. Anyone in Newburyport who 2030 compared to 2015. sive education, city wide organics throw program. wants to be zero waste can be. collection for both municipal and

Ensure accessibility and inclusivity The city has a Sustainability Office Increase the diversion rate away The city has been tracking its solid by 30-40%. The remaining amount of new or updated programs to re- and full –time Sustainability Man- from landfill and incineration to at waste, recycling as well as all other will be reduced by various recycling duce waste generation and disposal. ager that oversees the city wide re- least 70% by 2030. recycling rates for metal, bulk items, streams for electronics, metals, Sty- cycling and solid waste programs, mattresses, hazardous waste, Sty- rofoam, etc., in addition to some a comprehensive recycling and full rofoam, electronics, etc. It is envi- sort of pay as you throw program. service yard waste center that is sioned that citywide organics pro- open year round. grams will reduce SW to incinerator

EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS

•The city’s budget for the Sustainability Office which includes solid waste collection and recycling collection and removal is $1.5 M per year.

•The city also participates in yearly grants from DEP both sustainable materials grants as well as recycling divi- dends. The city also has a grant manager that seeks and helps research, write and implement any grant opportunities.

38 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 39 New York City © Istock / Predrag Vuckovic Vuckovic / Predrag © Istock

DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.)

Reduce the municipal solid waste The City of New York has a goal of reuse sector. In addition, the City’s Increase the diversion rate away The City has strived to develop Textiles generation per capita by at least sending zero waste to landfills by reuse directory (website and app) from landfill and incineration to at programs for every segment of The City also has a unique in-build- 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. 2030. The City has implemented make it easy for New Yorkers to find least 70% by 2030. the waste stream giving residents ing textile collection program in multiple innovative programs for places to donate and purchase sec- convenient options for diversion partnership with a local non-profit, many segments of the waste stream ond-hand goods. The donateNYC through curbside collection, drop- Housing Works. There are current- to work toward achieving this goal. platform also connects business- offs, and events. ly almost 2,000 buildings enrolled Specific to waste reduction, the City es who want to donate goods with in this program. The City has been sees strong value in Reuse and has non-profit organizations in need. In Organics doing targeted marketing for this developed a partnership program, 2019, the City will be expanding its The City is working to provide ev- program and is looking at innovative online portal, and reuse directory to online donation platform to include ery New Yorker with the opportu- ways to collect more textiles in the reduce the amount of waste sent to managing donations during and nity to recycle their organic waste coming years. One recent example landfill. The City’s donateNYC part- after disasters as well as an online either through curbside service or was a pilot curbside textile collec- nership program consists of over 70 food donation portal in order to in- food scrap drop-off sites. The City tion program in 2015. non-profit organizations that fund crease the amount of food that is currently serves over 3.5 million Learn more at nyc.gov/refashion their missions through the reuse of donated rather than sent to landfill. New Yorkers making the program goods. New York is the first City in Learn more at nyc.gov/donate the largest and most expansive pro- Harmful Products the US to quantify the impact of this gram of its kind in the United States. The City hosts 10 SAFE Disposal Learn more at nyc.gov/organics events and maintains five permanent drop-off sites for residents to Reduce the amount of municipal The City shows strong support for Electronics safely dispose of their harmful prod- solid waste disposed to landfill Extended Producer Responsibili- ecycleNYC, the City’s in-building ucts. The City has recently started and incineration by at least 50% by ty legislation as well as eliminating electronics recycling program is the offering smaller pop-up events in 2030 compared to 2015. certain items from the waste stream first of its kind in the US. The pro- order to server underserved neigh- that are not recyclable or com- gram now serves 1.8 million New borhoods. postable. The City currently has the Yorkers in more than 13,000 resi- Learn more at nyc.gov/safedisposal only refrigerant recovery legislation dential buildings. The City also of- in the nation and will be the largest fers curbside collection of electron- US City to ban expanded polysty- ics to some neighborhoods, has five rene foam in 2019. permanent drop-off sites and holds many electronics recycling events throughout the year. All of these programs are paying off, the City’s 2017 Waste Characterization Study, released this year, showed a 60% decline in improperly disposed electronics since 2013. Learn more at nyc.gov/electronics

40 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 41 ADDITIONALADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLESEXAMPLES OF OF CITY CITY INITIATIVES INITIATIVES ACTIONSACTIONS

ReduceReduce food food loss/waste loss/waste along along pro pro- - TheThe City City conducts conducts outreach outreach to tobusi busi- - ductionduction and and supply supply chains. chains. nessesnesses to toeducate educate them them on onreduc reduc- - inging food food waste waste and and increasing increasing the the amountamount of offood food that that is donated.is donated. Vis Vis- - it nyc.gov/zerowastebusinessesit nyc.gov/zerowastebusinesses

ImplementImplement or orscale scale up up source source sep sep- - TheThe City City is isin inthe the process process of ofrolling rolling aratedarated collection collection for for organics organics and and outout curbside curbside organics organics collection collection to to otherother streams streams and and treatment treatment infra infra- - all allresidents. residents. In Inaddition, addition, the the City City structure.structure. hashas implemented implemented regulations regulations requir requir- - inging certain certain businesses businesses to toseparate separate theirtheir organics organics for for collection. collection. Visit Visit nyc.gov/organicsnyc.gov/organics

ReduceReduce or orban ban single-use single-use and and TheThe New New York York City City Council Council has has intro intro- - materialsmaterials in goodsin goods and and projects, projects, and and non-recyclablenon-recyclable plastics plastics and and other other ducedduced bills bills to toreduce reduce or orban ban plastic plastic worksworks with with brand brand owners owners and and man man- - materials,materials, and/or and/or support support product product bagsbags and and plastic plastic straws. straws. In Inaddition, addition, ufacturersufacturers to toincorporate incorporate recycled recycled innovationinnovation & development.& development. thethe City City is isin inthe the process process of ofimple imple- - contentcontent into into their their products. products. mentingmenting a ban a ban on onexpanded expanded poly poly- - styrenestyrene foam foam products. products. The The city city regularlyregularly updates updates its itsenvironmen environmen- - tallytally preferable preferable procurement procurement guide guide- - lineslines to torequire require the the use use of ofrecycled recycled

ImproveImprove reusability reusability and and recycling recycling TheThe City’s City’s donateNYC donateNYC program program (including(including of ofconstruction construction and and helpshelps find find homes homes for forgently gently used used demolitiondemolition materials materials where where rele rele- - goods,goods, including including construction construction and and vant).vant). demolitiondemolition materials. materials. The The City City also also usesuses its itsEnvironmentally Environmentally Preferable Preferable PurchasingPurchasing rules rules to toencourage encourage pro pro- - curementcurement of ofsustainable sustainable products. products.

EnsureEnsure accessibility accessibility and and inclusivity inclusivity TheThe City City offers offers curbside curbside recycling recycling to to of ofnew new or orupdated updated programmes programmes to to all allresidents residents and and drop drop off off or orpickup pickup reducereduce waste waste generation generation and and dis dis- - servicesservices for for other other recoverable recoverable mate mate- - posal.posal. rials,rials, such such as ase-waste, e-waste, textiles, textiles, and and harmfulharmful household household products. products. The The CityCity translates translates educational educational materials materials intointo many many languages. languages. © New York City York © New © New York City York © New

EXAMPLEEXAMPLE OF OF FINANCIAL FINANCIAL RESOURCES RESOURCES AVAILABLE AVAILABLE TO TO DELIVER DELIVER THE THE COMMITMENTS COMMITMENTS

• •TheThe City City uses uses its its tax tax base base to tofund fund its its recycling, recycling, reuse reuse and and composting composting programs. programs. The The City City also also has has partnerships partnerships withwith the the non-profit non-profit sector sector to toimplement implement its its programs programs and and outreach. outreach.

4238 AdvancingAdvancing Towards Towards Zero Zero Waste Waste Declaration Declaration C40C40 4339 Paris © Istock / RossHelen © Istock

DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.)

Reduce the city’s per capita solid Waste prevention Waste collection and recovery Reduce the volume of municipal In order to ensure the recovery of have any use. An exchange scheme waste generation by at least 15% by solid waste that is landfilled and in- construction waste and its re-use for the re-use of these materials will 2030 compared to 2015. • Local Household and Similar • Sorting Stimulus Plan; cinerated by at least 50% by 2030 in the form of building materials, all be set up between the City and pri- Waste Prevention Programme compared to 2015. of the City’s construction sites will vate-sector operators with a view to (Programme Local de Prévention • Food waste collection in the be “zero non-recovered waste” by extending their useful life. des Déchets Ménagers et As- 2nd and 12th arrondissements; 2020, in accordance with the provi- similés — PLPDMA); sions of the Circular Economy Plan. Continued and intensified actions to • Charter for the improvement work towards paperless communi- • Contractual agreement with of waste sorting among social The City of Paris’ various municipal cation and reduced paper consump- the ADEME (French environment housing landlords and large departments have stocks of equip- tion and energy management agen- property management firms; ment (furniture, maintenance equip- cy)/Nationwide “Zero Waste Re- Preparation for the implemen- ment, tree grilles etc.) and con- gion” (“Territoire Zéro Déchet, tation of a policy to collect bio- struction materials (paving stones, Zéro Gaspi” - TZDZG) call for waste from local government granite etc.) for which they no longer projects; institutional catering and school canteens; • 2016-2020 Compost Plan (Plan Raise the percentage amount of The City of Paris will encourage all The City will negotiate with the Compost 2016-2020), including Interdisciplinary non-municipal waste that is reused projects to adopt circular economy Greater Paris authorities with a view the launch of a vermicomposter before going to the landfill or incin- principles in order to attain the tar- to introducing collaborative waste distribution initiative; • Cleanliness Enhancement Plan erator to 70% by 2030 get of 50% “zero landfilled-waste” mapping within the metropolitan (Plan de Renforcement de la construction sites by 2030 and area in order to provide economic • Circular economy plan Propreté — PRP), including “zero 100% by 2050. actors with the data they need to waste” strategy actions; facilitate their waste management In 2006, the City launched its first To optimise the management of all and reduction efforts. Waste Prevention Plan (Plan de • New Energy, Air and Climate types of wastes, the City of Paris Prévention des Déchets — PPD) to Plan (Plan Climat Air Énergie). will ask the Île-de-France Regional inform Parisians about waste re- Waste Observatory (Observatoire duction and sorting. As a result, the The Paris Climate Plan (Plan Climat Régional des Déchets d’Île-de- average bin weight was reduced by Paris) includes a “zero non-recov- France — ORDIF) to create a waste 70 kg per Parisian between 2006 ered waste” objective. barometer specific to each business and 2016. In 2017, the City of Paris sector by 2030. continued its proactive approach In 2016, the City published an en- through its launch of a new Local vironmentally-responsible Event Household and Similar Waste Pre- Charter and between now and 2020, vention Programme (Programme it will strive to make its provisions Local de Prévention des Déchets more enforceable. Ménagers et Assimilés — PLPDMA) that builds upon the steps taken to reduce household and similar waste (HSW) by 10% between 2010 and 2020, as well as through the draft- ing of its first Circular Economy Plan (Plan Économie Circulaire), which was adopted in July 2017.

44 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 45 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS Encourage reuse and recycling (in- To combat this “throwaway” culture, Between now and 2020, a study will cluding demolition and construc- the City of Paris will encourage the be commissioned on the creation of tion materials, if applicable). emergence of new consumer habits a “Remanufacturing in Paris” cluster Reduce food loss/waste along pro- In 2015, the City of Paris adopted To combine the fight against food among all Parisians by promoting capable of carrying out the large- duction and supply chains. a Plan to combat food waste (Plan waste with the provision of food aid, the repair and re-use of items, while scale collection of discarded mate- de lutte contre le gaspillage alimen- all food markets held in Paris must also stimulating the debate on how rials and items with a view to repair- taire) with a reduction target of 50% implement a recovery-transforma- to share them. To this end, it will be ing or “remanufacturing” them in between now and 2025. tion-donation scheme between now supporting the extension of sorting small production runs. and 2030. and recovery centres in Paris with In this context, a charter to tackle the target of establishing 20 recy- food waste in Paris’ local authority Adoption of a sustainable food cling centres and associated repair restaurants has been drawn up. By strategy for the Greater Paris area workshops (recycleries) in the area 2020, all school administrations must in 2018 by 2020. have signed this Charter formalising the administrators’ commitment to implement concrete actions. This will Ensure access to and the inclusion The Parisian PLPDMA takes into ac- be followed by the widespread im- of new or updated programmes to count interactions with other stra- plementation of anti-waste measures reduce the production and destruc- tegic planning documents and poli- in all types of local government insti- tion of waste. cies of the City of Paris, also dealing tutional catering. with the theme of waste, in order to bring overall coherence to the objectives and action plans. Implement or strengthen the col- Since 2017, the 2nd and 12th ar- lection of organic materials and rondissements have been experi- other materials separated at menting with the collection of food source, as well as their processing waste. With a view to minimising the infrastructure. proportion of residual household waste and recovering biowaste, the City of Paris is committed to implementing the widespread collection of food waste between now and 2020.

Reduce or prohibit the use of plas- The City of Paris will be campaign- To promote the rapid development tics and other non-recyclable or ing at the national level to strength- of packaging-free distribution, the single-use materials, while sup- en the provisions of the 2015 Ener- City of Paris will provide support porting product development and gy Transition Law (Loi de transition for the establishment of “bulk sales” innovation. énergétique) that defines planned shops, i.e. shops that do not use dis- obsolescence as “all of the methods posable packaging, with the objec- used by a vendor with the aim of tive of having one 100% bulk sales deliberately reducing the useful life shop per 100,000 inhabitants by of a product in order to increase the 2030. frequency of its replacement” and penalises such practices. © Getty images / Stieglitz

46 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 47 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS

Philadelphia Reduce food loss/waste along pro- The City of Philadelphia has worked events. The City also partners with duction and supply chains. with Parks and Recreation to insti- Food Connect, an app that bridges tute a food recovery program for all the gap between surplus food and publicly distributed food in rec cen- hunger. ters. We will expand this program to other meal providers and will offer this service for City permitted © Istock / bonniej © Istock

Implement or scale up source sep- The Philadelphia Streets Depart- municipal compost operations and DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT arated collection for organics and ment has just concluded an Organ- is working with the Office of Sus- (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) other streams and treatment infra- ics Feasibility Study to address city- tainability to develop and promote structure. wide composting. The Zero Waste community compost networks. and Litter Cabinet supports multiple Reduce the municipal solid waste Philadelphia’s Zero Waste and Lit- • Engaging the Public in Waste Re- generation per capita by at least ter Cabinet Action Plan, as ordered duction and Diversion Encouraging 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. through Mayor Kenney’s Executive Philadelphia residents, community Reduce or ban single-use and The Zero Waste and Litter Action ness Partnership Program. Through Order, targets a 90% waste diver- groups, non-profit organizations, non-recyclable plastics and other Plan calls for the banning of plastic Council legislation, the City of Phil- sion by 2035 based on 2015 num- municipal government, businesses, materials, and/or support product bags. We also support businesses adelphia no longer purchases poly- bers. To make progress toward this and institutions to reduce waste, innovation & development. that focus on reusable product inno- styrene products. goal, the Cabinet has developed a increase recycling and composting, vation through our Zero Waste Busi- four-part strategy focused on: and adopt waste diversion practices — and recognizing these efforts • Waste Reduction and Diversion in — through the Zero Waste Partner- Improve reusability and recycling The Zero Waste and Litter Cabinet to list their waste hauler in order to Buildings Encouraging increased ships Program (including of construction and conducted a municipal building obtain a building/demo/alteration recycling and other waste diversion demolition materials where rele- waste audit that uncovered a gap permit, which will help us track that activities in municipal and commer- • Zero Waste Pathways Over the vant). in the City’s C&D recycling contract, data. We are also exploring a decon- cial buildings through the develop- next decade, Philadelphia will be and we are currently setting up the struction pilot with City agencies ment of the Building Waste Audit exploring citywide organic mate- appropriate contract to fill that gap. and other government partners like Program rial collection as well as increased We also now require all contractors the Philadelphia Housing Authority. access to non-single stream recy- • Waste Reduction and Diversion at cling for residents and commercial Events Increasing waste diversion entities. The Streets Department is Ensure accessibility and inclusivity The Zero Waste and Litter Cabinet internet access. Philacycle Cap- from events through the develop- currently conducting an “Organics of new or updated programmes to worked with the Streets Depart- tain trainings are given in person ment of the Zero Waste Events Pro- Feasibility Study” to study the in- reduce waste generation and dis- ment Recycling Office to expand to teach residents how to reduce gram to utilize Philadelphia’s robust vestment and systems needed for posal. the Recycling Rewards program their waste and educate neighbors public events calendar and growing city-wide organics collection. We to offer more incentives and ways to do the same and have engaged a tourism industry to promote our plan to utilize our new waste di- to get involved in Zero Waste that diverse set of residents in neighbor- city’s commitment to sustainability version tracking system to identify don’t require home ownership or hoods throughout the City. where there are gaps in what residents and businesses can currently recycle, using that data to help spur investment in areas where recycling EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS diversion systems are needed to fill those gaps. • The Philadelphia Streets Department receives over $2 million each year from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to implement recycling programs such as Keep Philadelphia Beautiful school presentations, the Philacycle rewards program, and to manage the recycling office and fleet of sanitation trucks. The Managing Director’s Office Reduce the municipal solid waste See above funds the Zero Waste and Litter Cabinet to work closely with all departments that handle waste to ensure more generation per capita by at least efficient and sustainable operations. The Office of Sustainability helps fund and manage the Food Policy Advi- 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. sory Council (FPAC), which has a subcommittee focused on food waste. FPAC also receives foundation support for its operations. The Philadelphia Water Department funds many programs to educate people around waste in waterways and to conduct clean ups. Both the waste management contract and the recycling contract require Increase the diversion rate away See above that the City’s vendors provide education support on proper waste set out to reduce litter and what materials from landfill and incineration to at are recyclable to reduce contamination that causes recyclables to be landfilled. least 70% by 2030.

48 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 49 Increase the diversion rate away • 2015 Climate Action Plan 2030 Ob- •Businesses are required to recy- from landfill and incineration to at jective = “Recover 90 percent of all cle paper and containers and large least 70% by 2030. waste generated” food-generating businesses must Portland collect food scraps beginning in • Residents receive weekly recycling 2020. and yard debris / food scrap collection as part of standard garbage •Provide technical assistance and collection service. resources to businesses to improve waste prevention and recycling. •Launching effort to improve recy- © Istock / zhudifeng © Istock cling performance at multifamily •Construction sites must identify properties opportunities to salvage and/or recycle material on the job site and DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT follow best practices for reducing (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) contamination.

Reduce the municipal solid waste • 2015 Climate Action Plan 2030 Ob- • Climate Action Now! campaign generation per capita by at least jective = “Reduce per capita solid provides residents with meal plan- ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. waste generated by 33 percent” ning and food storage tools and in- ACTIONS formation to help reduce food waste • Pay-as-you-throw residential gar- at home. bage collection Reduce food loss/waste along pro- Regional ‘Food Waste Stops with • Gathering food waste prevention duction and supply chains. Me’ Education campaign targeted to • Incentivize smaller garbage con- case studies from restaurants to restaurant and hospitality industry. tainers through rate structure inform outreach efforts, develop waste prevention tools, and to guide • Single-family through four-plex talking points during technical assis- Implement or scale up source sep- Large food-generating businesses households receive every-oth- tance arated collection for organics and must collect food scraps beginning er-week garbage collection other streams and treatment infra- in 2020. • Launched Sustainable Consump- structure. • Ban on polystyrene foam food tion and Production strategy to pri- containers / packaging and on sin- oritize actions to support a shift to gle-use retail plastic bags. Explor- lower-carbon consumption patterns Reduce or ban single-use and Ban on polystyrene foam food con- ing regulation on plastic straws. non-recyclable plastics and other tainers / packaging and on sin- • Older homes must be deconstruct- materials, and/or support product gle-use retail plastic bags. Exploring • ResourcefulPDX campaign helps ed instead of demolished. innovation & development. regulation on plastic straws. residents find ways to meet their needs without more stuff by buying • Considering policy change to reused, buying durable, borrowing/ duce the maximum size of single Improve reusability and recycling Older homes must be deconstructed Construction sites must identify op- sharing, fixing/repairing, and giving family homes that can be built in (including of construction and instead of demolished. portunities to salvage and/or recycle gifts of experience. residential zones and allow more demolition materials where rele- material on the job site and follow units on each taxlot. vant). best practices for reducing contamination.

Reduce the amount of municipal 2015 Climate Action Plan 2030 Ob- solid waste disposed to landfill jective = “Reduce food scraps sent Ensure accessibility and inclusivity Technical assistance to businesses and incineration by at least 50% by to landfills by 90 percent” of new or updated programmes to prioritizes under-served and un- 2030 compared to 2015. reduce waste generation and dis- der-represented businesses posal.

EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS

• $3.5 million annual revenue dedicated to solid waste management fund for administration of business, residential and multifamily outreach and education, collections oversight and data tracking.

50 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 51 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS

Rotterdam Reduce food loss/waste along pro- • Collection of old bread (commercial • BlueCity is an incubator in Rotter- duction and supply chains. and households), which is treated in dam for circular startups. Togeth- a local anaerobic digester. er they create an ecosystem where they try and use each other’s waste • Local initiative “Fruit Leather” streams as input for their own prod- makes a leather-like fabric from ucts. wasted mangos. © G etty images / Acnakelsy

• Local initiative “Rotterzwam” grows oyster mushrooms on coffee DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT grounds collected at enterprises in (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) Rotterdam.

Reduce the municipal solid waste • Promoting repair cafés • Educating households to be more Implement or scale up source sep- • Completing organic waste collec- • Scientific research into best possible generation per capita by at least aware about how much food to pre- arated collection for organics and tion at low-rise housing (70.000 way to introduce organic waste col- 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. • Campaign on preventing food pare each day other streams and treatment infra- households) by 2020. lection in multi-residential housing. waste structure.

Reduce the amount of municipal • Post separation plant for plastics • Expanding existing collection of Reduce or ban single-use and • Rotterdam will take measures to get solid waste disposed to landfill and tetra packs from residual waste organic waste non-recyclable plastics and other rid of single-use plastics. Free plastic and incineration by at least 50% by materials, and/or support product bags have already been banned from 2030 compared to 2015. • Extra facilities for separation of • Researching possibilities to ex- innovation & development. stores. bulky waste (ie. circular recycling pand financial rewards for separat- center) ed waste for inhabitants. Improve reusability and recycling • Further development of post sepa- • Implementing material passports (including of construction and ration techniques to improve recov- for buildings to improve reuseability Increase the diversion rate away • Intensifying organic waste collec- • Researching possibilities to ex- demolition materials where rele- ery rate and expand to other waste at deconstruction stage. from landfill and incineration to at tion throughout whole of Rotter- pand financial rewards for separat- vant). streams least 70% by 2030. dam. ed waste for inhabitants. • Developing material hubs to facili- • Experiment with using ashes from tate reuse of building materials. • Further development of post sep- incineration for concrete tiles in city’s aration techniques to include other pavement. waste streams

Ensure accessibility and inclusivity • Waste coaches are available on re- • Education on schools about waste of new or updated programmes to quest of inhabitants to guide them separation. We are looking into le- reduce waste generation and dis- in waste prevention and separation. gal possibilities to make sure schools posal. They are also proactively present in have the means to have their waste neighborhoods with lower separa- collected separately, in line with the tion rates. city’s collection system and waste streams.

EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS

• For the period of 2019 – 2022 the new city budget contains a little over € 10M for stimulating and facilitating new entrepreneurship and circular economy.

52 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 53 Increase the diversion rate away San Francisco achieved this commit- stopped using diversion rate as a from landfill and incineration to at ment in 2006, and we and California measurement. San Francisco least 70% by 2030.

ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS

© Istock / kropic © Istock Reduce food loss/waste along pro- Will continue to work with our pro- ers, food bank, food runners, pan- duction and supply chains. duce terminal, distributors, stores, tries, residents and others to reduce farmers markets, restaurants, cater- food waste. DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) Implement or scale up source sep- Established robust source separated streams. We continue to expand it arated collection for organics and collection and recovery processing and strive to capture 100% of organ- Reduce the municipal solid waste Significant source reduction policies • Banning and putting charges other streams and treatment infra- infrastructure for organics and other ics and recyclables. generation per capita by at least and programs are required, such as: on additional problem products structure. 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. (e.g., plastics, single-use cups); • Preventing construction & demolition (C&D) waste with greener • Encouraging private sector Reduce or ban single-use and Adopted 2 ordinances banning sin- packaged water. We intend to de- building practices; adoption of city government non-recyclable plastics and other gle-use plastic bags and charging crease other single-use and non-re- environmentally preferable/pre- materials, and/or support product for others, 4 ordinances banning cyclable/compostable products, and • Eliminating food waste through- cautionary purchasing policies; innovation & development. expanded polystyrene and/or re- support innovation and development out the food chain, especially at strictions on foodware and other in other ways (e.g., advising produc- large generators; • Conducting effective consump- products, and 1 ordinance limiting ers and third-party certifiers). tion reduction campaigns; and, • Cutting paper waste by adjust- ing printer/copier defaults and • Evolving rates further to discour- Improve reusability and recycling We promote LEED and other green of source separated materials and behavior citywide; age excessive refuse generation. (including of construction and building practices, including decon- drives high recovery of mixed debris. demolition materials where rele- struction, using recycled and recy- vant). clable materials, etc. Our C&D recov- Reduce the amount of municipal There are many things that can help and close trash chutes; ery ordinance requires full recovery solid waste disposed to landfill us cut our disposal in half again: and incineration by at least 50% by •Expanding outreach to resi- 2030 compared to 2015. •Capturing more of the food dents, employees and property Ensure accessibility and inclusivity We are creating and updating pol- scraps, paper, C&D debris, and managers, and reinforcing their of new or updated programmes to icies and programs with more nu- other materials accepted in our responsibilities; reduce waste generation and dis- anced attention to environmental reuse/redistribution, recycling posal. justice, equity and disability accom- and composting programs; •Scaling up targeting and bin au- modation. diting with electronic customer •Implementing new regulations, relationship management, mate- adapting electronic data man- rial imaging and communication agement, further enforcing our systems; EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS C&D debris recovery ordinance, and pursuing material going to •Continuing to upgrade process- • The city conducts a refuse rate process that supports a $325 million annual collection and processing system, landfills beyond our boundaries; ing facilities and develop mar- including $20 million for city government programs. kets for challenging materials •Increasing compliance with our like some plastics; mandatory recycling and composting ordinance by adopting •Testing low temperature me- regulations, bringing adequate chanical/biological processing refuse service to the last gener- technologies to extract organics ators lacking it, improving source and recyclables from trash; and, separation and providing zero waste facilitators where needed; •Increasing charges further for contaminated trash (i.e., con- •Advancing adequate and containing recyclables or com- venient refuse guidelines, and postables). continuing to shrink trash bins

54 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 55 San Jose © Getty images / Derek_Neumann

DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) ACTIONS

Reduce the municipal solid waste In 2007, San Jose set a zero waste • San Jose works to promote be- targets. Part of SB 1383 sets targets generation per capita by at least goal for 2022 defined as landfilling Reduce food loss/waste along pro- havior change messaging related to achieve a reduction in the level 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. no more than ten percent of waste duction and supply chains. to food waste. Currently, we have a of statewide organics disposal and or recycling 90 percent. In 2015 San partnership with the Bay Area Recy- sets a standard of not less than 20 Jose’s overall recycling rate was 66 cling Outreach Coalition (BayROC) percent of currently disposed edi- percent. to develop a food waste reduction ble food being recovered for human Reduce the amount of municipal campaign called “Love Food Not consumption by 2025. solid waste disposed to landfill In 2017, an update to City Council Waste” featuring suggestions on • In partnership with Santa Clara and incineration by at least 50% by highlighted accomplishments and how to keep food fresh and recipe County, San Jose is working on a 2030 compared to 2015. examined next steps to achieve our ideas for leftovers. food rescue program utilizing an on- goal. These next steps aimed to re- line food matching tool for real-time duce amount of waste generated, • We also promote the Ad Coun- matching of donations to food assis- Increase the diversion rate away expand recycling programs, and im- cil and Natural Resources Defense tance agencies and providing trans- from landfill and incineration to at prove processing technologies. The Council’s (NRDC) “Save the Food” portation to move food from donor least 70% by 2030. strategies over the next five years are: campaign, which provides tips, rec- to agency in a timely safe manner. ipes, storage suggestions, and data This program will also develop a con- • Reduce Per Capita Waste to Landfill encouraging people to be more sistent set of food safety protocols, mindful about food waste. educate donors about food safety • Ease of Use and liability, and increase capacity of • San Jose is working to meet or ex- local agencies to provide more food • Competitive Rates ceed compliance standards for Cal- assistance through grants. ifornia bills AB 1826 and SB 1383 • Increase Types of Materials Benefi- which set organics standards. AB cially Reused 1826 is mandatory commercial organics recycling, and SB 1383 which • Increase Commercial and Residen- sets methane emissions reduction tial Hauler Role in Collecting Illegally Dumped Materials Implement or scale up source sep- • Currently, San Jose sorts all waste arated collection for organics and prior to landfilling to remove the other streams and treatment infra- maximum amount of recycla- structure. bles and organics from all waste streams. Our commercial program is a Wet/Dry system, where wet materials are sent to our waste-to-fuel anaerobic digester and composting facility. We promote at-home composting through a partnership with Santa Clara County, and we also backend sort all residential waste to remove and compost organics prior to landfilling.

56 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 57 ReduceReduce oror banban single-usesingle-use andand • In• In 2012,2012, SanSan JoseJose implementedimplemented YourYour FunFun campaigncampaign whichwhich propro-- non-recyclablenon-recyclable plasticsplastics andand otherother thethe BringBring YourYour OwnOwn BagBag ordinanceordinance motesmotes reusablereusable gasgas cylinderscylinders inin materials,materials, and/orand/or supportsupport productproduct whichwhich hashas resultedresulted inin aa 7878 percentpercent placeplace ofof disposables.disposables. WeWe alsoalso parpar-- innovationinnovation && development.development. reductionreduction inin plasticplastic bagsbags foundfound inin ticipateticipate inin workshopsworkshops andand followfollow creekscreeks andand rivers.rivers. InIn JanuaryJanuary 20152015 CalRecycleCalRecycle initiativesinitiatives forfor packagingpackaging SanSan JoseJose requiredrequired allall restaurantsrestaurants toto reform.reform. switchswitch toto non-foamnon-foam foodfood wareware forfor bothboth dine-indine-in andand takeout.takeout. • San• San JoseJose hashas alsoalso promotedpromoted “give“give thethe giftgift ofof experience”experience” atat holidayholiday • In• In 2015,2015, SanSan JoseJose initiatedinitiated aa pipi-- eventsevents suchsuch asas ourour veryvery largelarge andand lotlot partnershippartnership withwith CleanClean WaterWater wellwell attendedattended annualannual ChristmasChristmas Action’sAction’s ReThinkReThink DisposableDisposable camcam-- inin thethe ParkPark celebration.celebration. WeWe havehave paign,paign, whichwhich promotespromotes thethe useuse ofof alsoalso workedworked withwith aa locallocal universiuniversi-- reusablereusable foodfood wareware inin placeplace ofof sinsin-- tyty toto implementimplement aa movemove outout eventevent gle-usegle-use disposables.disposables. ReThinkReThink DisDis-- encouragingencouraging reuse,reuse, recycling,recycling, andand posableposable isis nownow servingserving onon aa CountyCounty properproper disposaldisposal ofof materialsmaterials atat thethe TechnicalTechnical AdvisoryAdvisory CommitteeCommittee andand endend ofof thethe schoolschool year.year. doingdoing workwork inin throughoutthroughout SantaSanta ClaraClara County.County. • San• San JoseJose isis alsoalso workingworking onon mesmes-- sagingsaging forfor textiletextile wastewaste includingincluding • San• San JoseJose isis researchingresearching thethe impleimple-- informationinformation onon fastfast fashionfashion andand mentationmentation ofof aa “straws“straws onon request”request” promotingpromoting repairrepair eventsevents forfor clothcloth-- ordinanceordinance thatthat wouldwould includeinclude sevsev-- inging repairrepair inin additionaddition toto smallsmall appli appli-- eraleral single-usesingle-use disposablesdisposables beyondbeyond ancesances andand electronics.electronics. straws.straws. WeWe promotepromote thethe ReFuelReFuel

ImproveImprove reusabilityreusability andand recyclingrecycling • Currently• Currently ourour CommercialCommercial teamteam isis • The• The teamteam isis evaluatingevaluating methodsmethods (including(including ofof constructionconstruction andand workingworking toto reevaluatereevaluate andand updateupdate toto increaseincrease participationparticipation inin thethe demolitiondemolition materialsmaterials wherewhere relerele-- ourour ConstructionConstruction andand DemolitionDemolition programprogram asas wellwell asas diversiondiversion fromfrom vant).vant). program.program. InIn 2018,2018, wewe heldheld aa PeerPeer landfill.landfill. TheseThese methodsmethods maymay includeinclude ExchangeExchange withwith Vancouver,Vancouver, BC;BC; SanSan-- whatwhat waswas discusseddiscussed atat thethe PeerPeer ExEx-- tata Monica,Monica, CA;CA; andand Plano,Plano, TX TX to to dis dis-- change,change, andand wewe areare alsoalso lookinglooking atat cusscuss C&DC&D programsprograms andand evaluateevaluate aa potentialpotential deconstructiondeconstruction compocompo-- constructionconstruction deposits,deposits, WasteWaste ManMan-- nentnent toto ourour program.program. agementagement PlansPlans (WMPs),(WMPs), facilityfacility cer cer-- tification,tification, andand datadata tracking.tracking.

EnsureEnsure accessibilityaccessibility andand inclusivityinclusivity • San• San JoseJose isis aa veryvery diverse diverse City City and and gramsgrams areare accessibleaccessible andand equitableequitable ofof newnew oror updatedupdated programmesprogrammes toto thethe presencepresence ofof highhigh payingpaying techtech-- soso thatthat materialsmaterials areare properlyproperly hanhan-- reducereduce wastewaste generationgeneration andand disdis-- nologynology jobsjobs hashas createdcreated anan incomeincome dleddled andand disposeddisposed of.of. WasteWaste reducreduc-- posal.posal. disparitydisparity andand affordableaffordable housinghousing tiontion messagingmessaging mustmust alsoalso bebe concon-- crisis.crisis. EquitableEquitable solutionssolutions toto wastewaste sideratesiderate ofof thethe strugglesstruggles thatthat manymany goalsgoals areare aa majormajor considerationconsideration inin residentsresidents face.face. SanSan JoseJose constantlyconstantly projectproject andand programprogram designdesign andand evaluatesevaluates andand revaluatesrevaluates programsprograms implementation.implementation. TheThe bestbest wayway forfor andand focusesfocuses onon data-baseddata-based decideci-- SanSan JoseJose toto meetmeet itsits strict strict waste waste re re-- sionsion making,making, whereverwherever possible.possible. ductionduction goalsgoals isis toto ensureensure thatthat propro--

EXAMPLEEXAMPLE OFOF FINANCIALFINANCIAL RESOURCESRESOURCES AVAILABLEAVAILABLE TOTO DELIVERDELIVER THETHE COMMITMENTSCOMMITMENTS

•• TheThe EnvironmentalEnvironmental ServicesServices DeparmentDeparment (ESD)(ESD) ofof SanSan JoseJose isis regularlyregularly updatingupdating CityCity CouncilCouncil oror CouncilCouncil commitcommit-- teestees onon initiativesinitiatives andand programprogram updatesupdates toto ensureensure supportsupport ofof CouncilCouncil andand thethe community.community. Council’sCouncil’s supportsupport cancan comecome withwith financialfinancial resourcesresources throughthrough thethe GeneralGeneral Fund,Fund, butbut ESDESD alsoalso seeksseeks internalinternal fundingfunding (ratepayers(ratepayers andand other)other) inin additionaddition toto grantgrant oror paymentpayment programprogram opportunitiesopportunities whereverwherever possible.possible. © www.savethefood.com

5458 AdvancingAdvancing TowardsTowards ZeroZero WasteWaste DeclarationDeclaration C40C40 5559 Santa Monica © Istock / TraceRouda © Istock

DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) ACTIONS

Reduce the municipal solid waste • Expansion of AB 1826 programs to • Develop program for organics for Reduce food loss/waste along pro- • Partner with food donation pro- generation per capita by at least reduce organics from commercial multi family homes. duction and supply chains. grams. City received grant funding 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. businesses. All businesses that gen- to begin this implementation. erate more than 4 CY of refuse per • Expansion of “wet/dry program for week will be required to have an or- commercial businesses. ganics program. Implement or scale up source sep- •City is enacting programs to en- ganics collection. arated collection for organics and sure compliance with AB 1826 other streams and treatment infra- which will be source separated or- Reduce the amount of municipal • Continued expansion of programs • Examine technologies such as an- structure solid waste disposed to landfill designed to source separate organ- aerobic digestion for organics. and incineration by at least 50% by ics from the refuse stream. 2030 compared to 2015. Reduce or ban single-use and • Single use plastic bags are current- non-recyclable plastics and other ly banned in the City. • Inclusion of extended producer re- materials, and/or support product sponsibility language in product bids. Increase the diversion rate away • Overall the City is currently at this innovation & development. from landfill and incineration to at goal. least 70% by 2030. Improve reusability and recycling • City has a clothing/textile recycle • City wide yard sale event each year (including of construction and program. to promote reuse. demolition materials where relevant).

Ensure accessibility and inclusivity • The City will focus on ensuring the of new or updated programmes to businesses and residents in multiunit reduce waste generation and dis- dwellings will have access to conve- posal. nient services and infrastructure to support diversion of organic waste.

EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS

• The City’s Resource Recovery & Recycling Division and its zero waste programming are funded by ratepayer fees.

60 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 61 Stockholm © Istock / Scanrail © Istock

DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) ACTIONS

Reduce the municipal solid waste The City has been working with One of the primary goals in the Reduce food loss/waste along pro- Information campaigns both local- High national targets on food waste generation per capita by at least waste reduction for many years city’s Waste Management Plan is to duction and supply chains. ly and regionally on the matter of collection and food loss minimization 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. now, and we see continuous trends reduce the amounts of waste pro- reducing food loss and promoting and even higher local targets for the with less amounts per capita over duced and to treat the waste that food waste collection. city. (City target: collection of 70% of several years. is produced as resource efficient as available food waste by 2023). possible. We address this by information campaigns, promoting and provid- According to projections based on Implement or scale up source sep- Information campaigns both local- Stockholm is since decades already ing services for reuse, repair etc. currently planned activities munic- arated collection for organics and ly and regionally on the matter of providing an array of collection ipal waste generation will decrease other streams and treatment infra- reducing food loss and promoting methods as well as developing new by 28% by 2030 compared to 2015 structure. food waste collection. ones. For instance grinders to tanks for restaurants. Also a new sorting High national targets on food waste facility is planned for optically sort- Reduce the amount of municipal This is, and has been, our main ob- sub-categories for reuse and materi- collection and food loss minimization ing out separated food waste from solid waste disposed to landfill jective together with reduction for als recycling. Leaving “mixed waste” and even higher local targets for the households in the city center where and incineration by at least 50% by several years. at bulky waste collection centres is, city. (City target: collection of 70% of separate collection systems can not 2030 compared to 2015. since years, no longer an option in available food waste by 2023). be built into the premises. One of the primary goals in the Stockholm. city’s Waste Management Plan is to Since a few years a dedicated core reduce the amounts of waste pro- Reuse focus has been applied to all team, focusing only on food waste duced and to treat the waste that bulky waste collection centres in information and increased collection, is produced as resource efficient as the city and new co-operations with is in place. possible. NGO:s and other actors to increase rates for reuse and recycling of new The city has for decades continu- materials categories are started and Reduce or ban single-use and Stockholm has already in 2016 ad- regional procurement procedures ously steered new waste fractions improved upon regularly. non-recyclable plastics and other dressed this issue by letting the to steer away from plastics, steer away towards materials recycling materials, and/or support product waste management administration towards renewable and recyclable where there has been recycling pos- New services promoting reuse and innovation & development. together with the environmental plastics and minimize the need for sibilities available for those mate- recycling are launched regularly, re- administration and the city’s energy single use plastics. rials. Sometimes even pushing the cently for instance a mobile Pop Up company come up with solutions to market in the direction of creating Reuse Centre moving around public decrease the amounts of plastics be- This work has since contributed to such possibilities though tenders spaces on a schedule. ing treated by energy recovery (in- valuable input in a variety of public and R&D projects. cineration). This work was presented procurements. According to projections based on in a report highlighting for instance For instance, bulky waste from currently planned activities munici- the importance of municipal and households is collected from the pal solid waste disposed to landfill citizens in around 30 different cat- and incineration will decrease by 52 egories, before being further sorted % by 2030 compared to 2015 by personnel in a similar amount of

Increase the diversion rate away See above. from landfill and incineration to at least 70% by 2030.

62 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 63 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS

Improve reusability and recycling The city has for decades continuous- For instance, bulky waste from (including of construction and dem- ly steered new waste fractions away households is collected from the olition materials where relevant). towards materials recycling where citizens in around 30 different cat- there has been recycling possibilities egories, before being further sorted available for those materials. Some- by personnel in a similar amount of times even pushing the market in the sub-categories for reuse and materi- direction of creating such possibil- als recycling. Leaving “mixed waste” ities though tenders and R&D proj- at bulky waste collection centres is, ects. since years, no longer an option in Stockholm.

Ensure accessibility and inclusivi- One of the city’s main strategic as Reuse and recycling centers are ty of new or updated programmes well as operative goals in the Waste spread across the city, mobile solu- to reduce waste generation and Management Plan is to make services tions are in place and are continu- disposal. easily accessible and easy to use. ously further developed. A big focus As an already formulated sub-goal in is to present solutions the citizens the Waste Management Plan the city, can access close to where they live, already in 2017, pointed out that in- without the use of cars. formation as well as developing and testing of new systems etc should not be limited to “light house areas”, but rather be spread across different areas of the city if possible.

EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS

• Waste fees with politically and legally backed possibilities to differentiate fees, steering towards the city’s environmental and climate goals. © Getty images / VANDAL Photography © Getty images / VANDAL

64 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 65 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS

Sydney Reduce food loss/waste along pro- • Waste avoidance engagement is • Smart Green Apartments: the City duction and supply chains. implemented through the following works with 20 apartment building City operated programs applicants each year to reduce water use, improve waste management • Better Buildings Partnership: a and increase energy efficiency. Each leading collaboration of property building is provided with a bespoke owners, managers and key influ- energy and waste assessment action © Istock / africanpix © Istock encers representing more than half plan, plus training and upgrade assis- of Sydney’s commercial floor space tance. in the city centre. The partnership DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT works to create and embed new best • Sustainable Destinations Partner- (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) practice standards and targets in key ship: led by the City of Sydney, the areas such as standardising opera- partnership aims to improve the tional waste data and setting targets energy, water and waste efficien- Reduce the municipal solid waste The City endorsed a new waste To further assist with waste reduc- for refurbishment waste recycling. cy of buildings in the local area the generation per capita by at least strategy called “Leave nothing to tion the City will implement the fol- partnership includes almost half the 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. waste” in 2017, which outlined rele- lowing initiatives: • CitySwitch Green Office: (provid- hotel rooms across the city, govern- vant city waste targets for a range ing tools and support to office based ment-owned cultural institutions and of sectors and the actions required • Developing guidance to as- businesses to improve energy and international entertainment brands. to achieve them. sist with reduction of single use waste efficiency. items at all City events and ven- Sydney residents have been steadily ues reducing their waste since 2014. The Implement or scale up source sep- Planned food waste collection trials New e-waste and textiles services City will continue to provide waste • Provide grant funding oppor- arated collection for organics and to commence in 2019. also commencing in 2019. avoidance education to all residents tunities for innovative technolo- other streams and treatment infra- and monitor waste generation per gies and processes that address structure. capita. problem waste streams not currently managed in a sustainable way Reduce or ban single-use and It is not within City of Sydney’s ju- within our own properties and ven- non-recyclable plastics and other risdiction to ban materials, however ues and will continue to advocate for • Regional partnerships to ex- materials, and/or support product we are phasing out single use items state government changes. pand re-use initiatives across our innovation & development. local government area

Improve reusability and recycling The City is investigating alternative waste, stormwater pit material and Reduce the amount of municipal New source separated collec- Combined with our existing ser- (including of construction and uses for materials we collect that public litter. solid waste disposed to landfill tions for food waste, textiles and vices this provides residents and demolition materials where rele- are currently going to landfill. In the The City is also working with the and incineration by at least 50% by e-waste. staff with considerable opportu- vant). last year the City has increased re- state government to advocate for 2030 compared to 2015. nity to divert a high percentage cycling of waste collected from the specification of minimum content Operational improvements to of their current waste generated, public domain by 8% through find- glass fines in road base. the way we collect and manage and to meet stated targets. ing alternative uses for furniture waste to improve opportunities for recycling Ensure accessibility and inclusivity The City provides all residents with Updating new City service con- of new or updated programmes to access to recycling services and ed- tracts to reflect our recycling tar- reduce waste generation and dis- ucation programs. gets and encourage suppliers to posal. assist us in reducing, reusing and recycling.

EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS Increase the diversion rate away The City currently diverts 67% from landfill and incineration to at of waste from landfill. We will • The City currently spends in the order of 10% of its total annual operational budget to provide waste service and least 70% by 2030. implement the actions above programs in the local government area. Much of this is recovered via waste service charges to the community. and invest in residual processing Sydney has high landfill levies, so while the proposed actions in the Leave Nothing to Waste Strategy may have services that divert waste from cost implication in the short term, it is expected that over time this will become cheaper than sending waste to landfill to exceed 70%. landfill, while also reducing the carbon impacts.

66 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 67 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS

Tel Aviv Reduce food loss/waste along pro- Food Waste Lab in cooperation with Installing organic waste treatment duction and supply chains. the Natural Step (see above) devices in large institutions such as hospitals, army compounds, busi- Planning Food loss program with lo- ness parks, etc. cal markets

© Istock / fotokon © Istock Implement or scale up source sep- Scaling up collection of packaging Construction of 60 neighborhood arated collection for organics and throughout the city by 40%: recycling center other streams and treatment infra- DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT structure. Additional bins for 27,000 house- Building waste treatment facilities (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) holds in 2019, including door to door for organic waste instruction.

Reduce the municipal solid waste 2015 per capita waste production: generation per capita by at least 2.6 kg Reduce or ban single-use and Decrease use of single-use utensils 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. non-recyclable plastics and other and straws through the city Green 2030 target per capita waste pro- materials, and/or support product Business Label duction: 2.2 kg innovation & development.

Today there are 500 buildings with composters in the city. The program Improve reusability and recycling Increasing building waste reuse and is expanding to include more neigh- (including of construction and expanding the building waste recy- bourhoods and a citywide educa- demolition materials where rele- cling park. tional program to encourage sepa- vant). ration at the source.

Ensure accessibility and inclusivity City wide implementation of educa- of new or updated programmes to tional programs in schools on waste Reduce the amount of municipal 2015 waste disposed in landfills: Step Israel which is leading the Lab reduce waste generation and dis- reduction and changing consump- solid waste disposed to landfill 85%, 345,262 tonnes for Food Waste Reduction, Tel Aviv- posal. tion patterns and incineration by at least 50% by Yafo municipality will launch a stra- 2030 compared to 2015. Main actions – Reducing Food Waste tegic plan to reduce food waste by: Supporting and establishing sharing Household Composting - engaging key stakeholders in the libraries for goods and toys Increase organic waste recycling by public, private and civil sectors; 50% Increase packaging recycling - encouraging local innovation and City strategy to enhance com- by 30% initiatives to reduce food waste plementary economy, especially Increase waste for energy by 50% within the city; through sharing platforms - raising awareness to the food Main actions – Reducing Food Waste waste problem and practical solu- Collaborative consumption cam- tions for households and businesses paign – Food cooperatives within the city. In collaboration with The Natural

Increase the diversion rate away 2015 waste disposed in landfills: 85% Implementation of national strategy from landfill and incineration to at plan to increase diversion rate to 74% least 70% by 2030. 2017 waste disposed in landfills: 67% by 2030

68 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 69 EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS

• The government environmental office will invest most of the budget – approximately 150 million euro:

In March, 2018 the Minister of the Environment announced Israel’s new waste strategy. Reducing waste disposed to landfills From 80% to 26% by 2030 with a total investment of 1 billion dollars.

The objectives of the plan are reducing landfills, increasing recycling and reducing pollution and environmental risks by: preventing landfilling without sorting; Optimizing the waste market while introducing regional treatment at the source; Establishment of waste sorting and treatment facilities throughout Israel - including ad- vanced sorting facilities, energy recovery facilities and other treatment facilities. Plans include:

• Construction and upgrading of sorting facilities for mixed municipal waste: support of NIS 80 million usd in the construction of facilities designed to sort waste into its various components and transfer them for recycling. • Purchase recycled tire rubber for high-quality uses: create more markets for the recycled rubber material.

• Construction of a glass sorting facility: support of 3 million USD for the construction of a new facility that will treat 60,000 tons of glass per year.

• Construction of treatment facilities for bio-degradable material: The establishment of four facilities nationwide that will treat approximately 600 tons of waste per day.

•Sorting facilities: The Ministry intends to support the establishment of 6 facilities nationwide, each of which will handle 1,500 tons of waste per day.

DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) ACTIONS

Reduce the municipal solid waste • In order to establish the Tokyo • In order to make the distribution Reduce food loss/waste along pro- • Tokyo Metropolitan Government for industry groups from food man- generation per capita by at least Style Reducing Waste Program so of free plastic bags zero by FY2020, duction and supply chains. hold the “Multi-Stakeholder Partner- ufacture, wholesales to retailing to 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. as to halve food waste by FY2030, Tokyo Metropolitan Government has ship Meetings for Tokyo Style Food gather together and collaborate. Tokyo Metropolitan Government has been implementing actions such as Waste Policy”, in which we discuss been implementing actions such as stakeholder meetings in which we how to reduce food waste produced stakeholder meetings in which we discuss ways to reduce plastic bags in distribution stage, etc., as a place discuss ways to avoid food waste. with industry groups and consumer groups. Implement or scale up source sep- • Encouragement for promotion of • The Tokyo Super Eco Town project, arated collection for organics and 3R of business waste which encourages to build waste- Reduce the amount of municipal • In order to improve the recycling other streams and treatment infra- treatment and recycling facilities, solid waste disposed to landfill rate of general waste to 37% by structure. including a food waste recycling fa- and incineration by at least 50% by FY2030, Tokyo Metropolitan Gov- cilities, in water-front area 2030 compared to 2015. ernment has been implementing actions such as promotion of recycling incineration ash to cement and recy- Reduce or ban single-use and • Stakeholder meetings in which we • Campaigns for zero distribution cling based on a variety of recycling non-recyclable plastics and other discuss ways to reduce plastic bags of free plastic bags, in cooperation laws. materials, and/or support product with industry groups and consumer with retail shops and offices to raise innovation & development. groups. citizen’s awareness and momentum

Improve reusability and recycling • Tokyo Metropolitan Government byproduct measures and has used (including of construction and has formulated the Tokyo Metropol- recycled materials such as concrete demolition materials where rele- itan Construction Recycling Promo- mass and eco-cement in construc- vant). tion Plan and Tokyo Metropolitan tion works. Construction Recycling Guidelines with the aim of establishing comprehensive and planned construction

Ensure accessibility and inclusivity • Tokyo Metropolitan Government Style Food Waste Policy” and the of new or updated programmes to listens to a wide range of opinions Stakeholder meetings for reducing reduce waste generation and dis- in considering policies by engaging plastic bags as one of the meeting posal. industry groups, consumer groups members. and so on to the “Multi-Stakehold- er Partnership Meetings for Tokyo

EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS

• Implement actions by Tokyo Metropolitan Government’s budget.

72 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 73 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS

Toronto Reduce food loss/waste along pro- Love Food Hate Waste National Food Labs Research Participant with duction and supply chains. Campaign Participant Dr. Tamara Soma (University of To- ronto) Urban Harvest (redistribution of surplus food)

© Istock / Sleg © Istock Implement or scale up source sep- Continued and growing use of the All City serviced customers have ac- arated collection for organics and Green Bin organics program in cess to and must use the program other streams and treatment infra- multi-residential buildings. (as per city bylaws) DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT structure. (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.)

Reduce or ban single-use and • Develop policies to discourage sin- • Working with producers of single Reduce the municipal solid waste In 2017, several initiatives were im- Work was also started on imple- non-recyclable plastics and other gle-use products (black plastics) use coffee pods to investigate im- generation per capita by at least plemented under the Long Term menting five new Neighbourhood materials, and/or support product pacts on compostable coffee pods 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. Waste Management Strategy, in- Reduce and Reuse projects in part- innovation & development. • Public Consultation on a City Strat- in anaerobic digestion facilities and cluding the new Waste Reduction nership with local community agen- egy on how single use plastics can with recyclable coffee pod manufac- Community Grants program that cies. These include Urban Harvest be reduced to be undertaken fall turers on a pilot take back program supports innovative community-led (redistribution of surplus food), 2018 with report back to City Council for spent plastic pods (to recover for actions that reduce residential Sewing Workshops (textile repair), in Q1 2019. recycling). waste and increase participation in Community Composting, Bike Re- the City’s waste diversion programs. pair, and Sharing Libraries. Improve reusability and recycling • Set up a circular economy business • Developing a new Waste Diver- (including of construction and unit sion Community Grants Program for Reduce the amount of municipal Develop criteria for procurement demolition materials where rele- outreach and educational program- solid waste disposed to landfill processes within a circular econo- vant). • (Done: launched November 2017) ming, funded as part of the Waste and incineration by at least 50% by my; New pioneering sort of work Strategy3 2030 compared to 2015. which goes beyond traditional • Knowledge and capacity on CE green or environmentally responsi- best practices within the City needs ble procurement to be built. Requires consistent messaging and

Increase the diversion rate away Engage residents for better quality • adequate resourcing to engage at from landfill and incineration to at recyclables (less contaminated). Un- multiple levels: within the City, influ- least 70% by 2030. dertaking comprehensive study that ence beyond internal city operations; will look at mixed waste processing Support CE capacity building as a technologies to capture and recover best practices for Cities in order to additional resource materials from achieve climate action plan targets. the remaining, non-source separated residual garbage streams. Ensure accessibility and inclusivity The priority of the Waste Reduction of new or updated programmes to Community Grant is placed on invest- reduce waste generation and dis- ing in actions that address multi-res- posal. idential buildings, multi-lingual communities, equity-seeking groups and Neighbourhood Improvement Areas.

EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS

• multi-year budget breakdown. http://app.toronto.ca/tmmis/viewAgendaItemHistory.do?item=2016.PW14.2

• Grants of up to $25,000 are now available to support innovative community-based efforts to reduce residential waste and increase participation in the City of Toronto’s waste diversion programs.

74 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration 3 http://app.toronto.ca/tmmis/viewAgendaItemHistory.do?item=2016.PW14.2 C40 75 Vancouver © Istock / stockstudioX © Istock

DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.)

Reduce the municipal solid waste Vancouver City Council adopt- • Develop new reduction strate- generation per capita by at least ed Zero Waste 2040 on June 5, gies targeting paper and plastic Reduce the amount of municipal As described above, the City of Van- 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. 2018, a long range strategic plan solid waste disposed to landfill couver has a goal of reducing the • Identify and pursue options to im- for transforming Vancouver into • Identify and pursue options to and incineration by at least 50% by disposal of municipal solid waste to prove food rescue and redistribution a zero waste community by 2040 support and grow product reuse 2030 compared to 2015. landfill and incinerator to zero by systems and reducing the amount of waste and sharing 2040. Also, since the adoption of the disposed to landfill and incinera- Vancouver’s Greenest City Action • Expand community zero waste tor from all sectors in Vancouver to • Develop an apparel waste re- Plan in 2010, Vancouver has been drop-off events zero, by 2040. The plan and cover- duction strategy working towards a target of 50% less ing report to Vancouver Council can waste disposed by 2020, compared • Develop a green operations zero be found here: https://council.van- • Develop a zero waste building to a baseline of 2008. waste plan for the City’s internal/cor- couver.ca/20180516/documents/ program In addition to the actions described porate operations pspc2a.pdf above, which also support less waste • Identify and pursue options to disposed, priorities include: • Refocus operations of Vancouver’s A condensed, more reader friendly support and grow the market for landfill to recovery and diversion, version will be available soon. The salvaged deconstruction materi- • Supporting additional diversion of over disposal plan builds on Vancouver’s success als food scraps and other compostable as a leader in waste diversion, and organics, further to existing pro- • Develop a template zero waste pro- establishes as policy a shift and • Explore opportunities to influ- grams and regulatory measures curement standard expansion of focus to waste avoid- ence and promote zero waste ance, reduction and reuse. Reducing behaviors with respect to: • Identify and plan organics process- • Expand the City’s Green Demolition the overall generation of municipal ing opportunities to support a grow By-law which requires diversion over solid waste in Vancouver (i.e. total - Addressing the stigma asso- in available capacity disposal amount disposed + captured for ciated with rescued/donated recycling/composting/digestion) food • Produce biofuel from waste demo- through reduced consumption and lition materials to displace coal used reutilization of materials as resourc- - ‘Life transitions’ (e.g. move in the production of cement es, is now a priority area of focus for in/out, family gets bigger/ Vancouver. smaller, etc.) Increase the diversion rate away The current diversion rate in the Examples of actions within ZW2040 - Addressing the stigma as- from landfill and incineration to at Vancouver region is 62% (2016 - lat- which support reducing waste gen- sociated with ‘second-hand’ least 70% by 2030. est data). The various actions listed eration include: products previously are examples of priorities under Zero Waste 2040 and many of • Vancouver becoming a leading - Home and office/business those support increased waste diver- City in food waste prevention maintenance and renovations sion (i.e. recycling and composting).

• Implement a single-use item reduction strategy

76 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 77 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS

Reduce food loss/waste along pro- Some examples include: Improve reusability and recycling Some examples include: • Develop a zero waste building duction and supply chains. • Leverage the city’s ‘food as- (including of construction and • Develop a plan to recover wood program • Identify and pursue options to sets’, increasing the communi- demolition materials where rele- and produce a biofuel from dem- improve food rescue and redistri- ty’s capacity to grow and pur- vant). olition materials at the Vancou- • Develop a template zero waste bution systems chase fresh, unpackaged and ver Landfill procurement program untrimmed food • Become a leading City in food • Expand Vancouver’s Green • Develop a green operations waste prevention • Review, plan and develop com- Demolition By-Law zero waste plan for the City’s munity infrastructure for recover- corporate operations • Become a partner in the Cana- ing healthy edible food (e.g. com- • Identify and pursue options to dian Love Food Hate Waste cam- munity fridges) support and grow the market for paign salvaged deconstruction materials

• Review, plan and develop City bylaw regulation supporting an improved system for wasted ed- Ensure accessibility and inclusivity Vancouver’s Zero Waste 2040 stra- ible food rescue and redistribu- of new or updated programmes to tegic plan identifies various areas • Engage with Social Enterprise tion, for value-added processing reduce waste generation and dis- where the City can play a role in organizations, Health Authori- and donation from the commer- posal. stimulating community, economic ties, Business Improvement As- cial and institutional sectors and societal changes. A stated com- sociations, Tourism Vancouver, plimentary objective of ZW2040 other industry associations to is to support community social support current and pursue new Implement or scale up source sep- • Refocus operations of Vancouver • Work with regional and provincial goals, by cultivating and sustaining zero waste collaboration oppor- arated collection for organics and Landfill to support increased materi- governments on expansions to the vibrant, creative, safe and caring tunities other streams and treatment infra- als processing capacity provincial recycling regulation to in- communities for the wide diversity structure. clude more materials in extended of individuals and families who live • Promote and amplify edu- • Identify and plan organics process- producer responsibility programs in, work in and visit Vancouver. Ex- cation and behaviour change ing opportunities in support of in- ample actions include: campaigns led by industry orga- creasing supply of source separated • Expand the City’s zero waste col- nizations, non-profits, and com- organics lection/drop off events. • Grow opportunities for food munity groups. rescue and redistribution • Develop new diversion strategies targeting paper and plastic • building social capacity through product repair, reuse and sharing • Develop strategies to more effec- tively divert used apparel and other • Develop matchmaker programs textile waste which grow local circular rela- tionships between organizations that have materials with those Reduce or ban single-use and In spring 2018 Vancouver City Coun- https://vancouver.ca/green-vancou- who need it (e.g. National Indus- non-recyclable plastics and other cil adopted a strategy for reducing ver/single-use-items.aspx trial Symbiosis Program) materials, and/or support product single-use items in Vancouver, in- innovation & development. cluding beverage cups, shopping bags, take-out food packaging, straws and utensils. Many of the res- EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS olutions adopted include regulatory measures, including bans, and ac- • The City of Vancouver funds solid waste operating expenses through utility fees charged to customers who tions supporting product innovation receive container collection services from the City, and from tipping fees for Vancouver waste disposed at the and development. Further details are City’s transfer station and landfill. Capital expenditures are primarily funded from surplus tipping fee revenue. available here (an updated strategy The 2018 solid waste operating and capital budgets are approximately $66 million and $42 million, respectively. which incorporates Council’s amend- ed recommendations will be available soon):

DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.)

Reduce the municipal solid waste Per law, to the maximum extent education campaigns on waste min- Increase the diversion rate away The District is legally required to de- rials and deliver to an appropriate generation per capita by at least practicable, the District is required imization, recycling, and compost- from landfill and incineration to at velop a comprehensive Zero Waste processing site or transfer station. 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. to direct its solid waste manage- ing to help achieve source reduction least 70% by 2030. plan to achieve 80% diversion from Per law, there is a harmonized list of ment policies and diversion activi- goals. District government agencies waste-to-energy and landfill. Manda- what businesses, government, and ties in the following order of priority: are required to send furniture and tory source separation requirements residents are required to recycle or equipment to the surplus property are in place for residents, govern- compost in the District. The list is re- • Source reduction and reuse; division for auction and resale as ment, and businesses. Solid Waste quired to be updated at least every opposed to disposal. Finally, District Collectors are required to separate- two years. • Recycling or composting of sol- government is required to purchase ly collect source separated mate- id waste, or conversion of com- environmentally preferable goods postable solid waste into biofuel; and services to the maximum ex- and tent practical. DC has developed specifications for 100 products and ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES • Landfill or incineration of solid services across 14 broad categories. ACTIONS waste. Reuse and waste prevention are incorporated into sustainable pur- Per law, the Department of Public chasing. Reduce food loss/waste along pro- The District has very limited indus- partner of the Save the Food Cam- Works (DPW) is required to con- duction and supply chains. trial scale food production/pro- paign (joint venture by the U.S. Ad duct a pay as you throw pilot pro- DPW maintains zerowaste.dc.gov cessing; the majority of food waste Council and Natural Resources De- gram for DPW-serviced residents. with resources about where to do- is generated in homes and at the fense Council) to spread awareness Additionally, an Interagency Waste nate or purchase used goods, and retail level. DPW provides informa- about food waste. Advertisements Reduction Working Group and Of- food and yard waste reduction tech- tion for residents and businesses on about the global food waste chal- fice of Waste Diversion were es- niques. food loss and waste reduction at ze- lenge are on bus shelters through- tablished to develop and execute rowaste.dc.gov and on social media. out the District. In FY 2017, DPW became an official

Reduce the amount of municipal A capital budget is in place to fund Residential Food Waste Drop-off solid waste disposed to landfill the construction of an in-District and Community Composting pro- Implement or scale up source sep- See Declaration #2 re: compost and and incineration by at least 50% by compost facility (FY 21-22). DPW grams. School cafeteria composting arated collection for organics and source separating 2030 compared to 2015. has developed a roadmap for a curb- programs are underway 60+ pub- other streams and treatment infra- side collection organics program lic schools. DPW will develop and structure. for projected roll-out in FY 22-24, implement a residential Backyard contingent on completion of a com- Composting program in FY19. The post facility. Per law, all commercial District uses print, mail, radio, and entities are required to source sep- online campaigns to encourage re- arate and compost organics once a cycling and waste diversion partic- composting program is rolled out ipation. to all households serviced by the District. The District currently runs

80 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 81 ADDITIONALADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLESEXAMPLES OF OF CITY CITY INITIATIVES INITIATIVES ACTIONSACTIONS

ReduceReduce or orban ban single-use single-use and and ReduceReduce or orban ban single-use single-use and and non-re non-re- - servicewareserviceware requirements requirements for for food food- - non-recyclablenon-recyclable plastics plastics and and other other cyclablecyclable plastics plastics and and other other materials, materials, serviceservice establishments, establishments, and and charges charges materials,materials, and/or and/or support support product product and/orand/or support support product product innovation innovation & & a 5a cent 5 cent fee fee to tocustomers customers who who re - re- innovationinnovation & development.& development. development.development. TheThe District District has has a a questquest single single use use bags. bags. A Acampaign campaign banban in inplace place for for use use of ofexpanded expanded to toreduce reduce plastic plastic straw straw use use is inis inde de- - polystyrenepolystyrene disposal disposal foodservice foodservice velopmentvelopment and and slated slated to tolaunch launch in in wastewaste by by foodservice foodservice entities. entities. It alsoIt also 2018/2019.2018/2019. hashas compostable/recyclable compostable/recyclable food food

ImproveImprove reusability reusability and and recycling recycling SeeSee above above re: re:surplus surplus property property and and (including(including of ofconstruction construction and and sustainablesustainable purchasing purchasing program. program. demolitiondemolition materials). materials).

EnsureEnsure accessibility accessibility and and inclusivity inclusivity LanguageLanguage accessibility accessibility laws laws require require DCDC wards, wards, and and the the following following waste waste of ofnew new or orupdated updated programmes programmes to to translatingtranslating all alloutreach outreach fliers fliers into into diversiondiversion programs programs operate operate in ineach each reducereduce waste waste generation generation and and dis dis- - eighteight languages languages and and a District a District gov gov- - of ofthem: them: Food Food Waste Waste Drop-off Drop-off sites; sites; posal.posal. ernmenternment office office is staffedis staffed to toassist assist res- res- CommunityCommunity Composting Composting sites; sites; Public Public identsidents obtain obtain documents documents in theirin their lan lan- - schoolsschools with with cafeteria cafeteria composting composting guage.guage. Images Images are are central central to towaste waste programs.programs. diversiondiversion outreach outreach materials materials to toassist assist withwith outreach outreach to toall allresidents, residents, includ includ- - inging those those with with literacy literacy challenges. challenges. All All DistrictDistrict programs programs emphasize emphasize geo geo- - graphicgraphic representation representation of ofall alleight eight

EXAMPLEEXAMPLE OF OF FINANCIAL FINANCIAL RESOURCES RESOURCES AVAILABLE AVAILABLE TO TO DELIVER DELIVER THE THE COMMITMENTS COMMITMENTS

• •TheThe District District retains retains 9 full-time9 full-time employees employees whose whose primary primary responsibility responsibility is improvingis improving sustainable sustainable materials materials man man- - agementagement in inthe the District. District.

• •TheThe District District retains retains 8-10 8-10 full full time time employees employees who who spend spend a portiona portion of oftheir their time time on on planning planning and/or and/or outreach outreach to to improveimprove sustainable sustainable materials materials management management in inthe the District. District.

• •A Asolid solid waste waste diversion diversion fund fund was was established established to tofund fund the the planning planning and and implementation implementation of ofnew new and and innovative innovative wastewaste diversion diversion programs. programs. Revenue Revenue is generatedis generated via via disposal disposal surcharges surcharges placed placed on on commercial commercial haulers haulers that that use use thethe District District solid solid waste waste transfer transfer station station ($1/ton). ($1/ton).

• •$8M$8M is inis inthe the capital capital budget budget in inFY FY 21-22 21-22 to tofund fund the the construction construction of ofa compostinga composting facility facility

• •TheThe single single use use bag bag fee fee funds, funds, in inpart, part, litter litter and and plastics plastics reduction reduction strategies strategies and and outreach. outreach. © www.savethefood.com © www.savethefood.com

8274 AdvancingAdvancing Towards Towards Zero Zero Waste Waste Declaration Declaration C40C40 8375 Increase the diversion rate away Wales: We already have a target set There will be strong support for in- from landfill and incineration to at in Towards Zero Waste (2010) for novation in the circular economy least 70% by 2030. 70% ‘diversion’ (ie. 70% recycling) We will be increasing high quality Welsh by 2025. recycling in business and the public sector through the introduction We will continue to build on the of the regulations under Part 4 of success of our recycling through ex- the Environment (Wales) Act. I am Government ploring the hard to reach areas: pleased that there is a workshop on such as more niche materials for re- this later today. cycling, for example nappies/absor- © Istock / jax10289 © Istock bent hygiene products, mattresses We will also use of financial mecha- and carpets. nisms such as the Landfill Diversions Tax on disposal of waste to landfill. It DECLARATION COMMITMENT DECLARATION COMMITMENT ACTIONS TO DELIVER COMMITMENT It will identify the steps needed to is payable by landfill site operators, (REGULATIONS, POLICIES, PROGRAMMES, ETC.) increase recycling markets in Wales, who pass on these costs to waste with a big focus on creating more operators through their gate fee. demand in Wales, particularly for Reduce the municipal solid waste Wales: We already have a target set For instance we will: plastics and paper/card, including generation per capita by at least in Towards Zero Waste (2010) for an using green public procurement. 15% by 2030 compared to 2015. annual reduction in municipal waste 1. support municipalities to make It will include how we intend to tack- of -1.4%. (from 2007 to 2050). So service changes to meet higher rele waste crime more, especially the our target exceeds the Declaration cycling targets, through our Col- ‘leakage’ from the circular economy target. laborative Change Programme. of poor quality recyclate, especially Currently Wales leads the UK in re- if illegally managed. We will build on the significantly cycling municipal waste by a signifi- progress against these targets for cant margin, achieving 60.2 per cent reducing waste arising’s, by in 2015/16, an improvement of 19.7 improving the rate of recycling, re- percentage points since 2009/10. use, composting and recovery and reducing the amount of waste sent 2. use consumer campaigns such as to landfill.15 Love Food Hate Waste which helps households make the most of the food they use and avoid food waste.

3. explore taking forward work on developing a Disposable Plastics Tax. We are liaising closely with other parts of the UK in respect of a deposit return scheme.

Reduce the amount of municipal Wales: We already have a target set solid waste disposed to landfill in Towards Zero Waste (2010) for • The separate presentation and col- and incineration by at least 50% by landfill to be <5% and energy from lection of recyclables waste streams 2030 compared to 2015. waste to be <30% by 2025. (eg. food waste) from businesses and the public sector and a ban on Wales is making progress on land- specified wastes (eg. food waste) to fill, there was a reduction of nearly landfill. a half between 2015-16 and 2016-17 - from 18.1% to the current figure of • Municipal residual waste treatment 9.5%. Further actions will include: procurement programme funded – to divert residual waste from landfill • Statutory manuciple recycling tar- to energy from waste. gets (70% by 2024/25) set in the Waste (Wales) Measure 2010 and the Landfill Allowances Scheme Wales Regulations are still in place to reduce the landfilling of biodegradable municipal waste. © Getty images / fotoVoyager

84 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 85 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE EXAMPLES OF CITY INITIATIVES ACTIONS Improve reusability and recycling Wales: We support the UK volun- WRAP Cymru, funded by Welsh Gov- (including of construction and tary ‘Plastics Pact’ set up by WRAP, ernment, is producing a “Plastics Re- demolition materials where rele- and this includes commitments to cycling Route Map” for Wales, which We have programmes inin place. Love Food Hate Waste etc. vant). increase the recyclability of plastic will recommend action to increase Reduce food loss/waste along pro- Love Food Hate Waste by WRAP packaging. the use of recyclate in plastic manu- duction and supply chains. Courtauld 2025, aims to raise awareness with the factured in Wales. Courtauld 2025 is an ambitious public and businesses of the need This means the Welsh Government voluntary agreement that brings to reduce food waste has signed up to WRAP’s new ‘Plas- together organisations across the https://lovefoodhatewaste.com/ tics Pact’, a commitment by busi- food system – from producer to about-us nesses to reduce the amount of plas- consumer – to make food and drink tic waste generated in the UK. production and consumption more sustainable. This will see Welsh Government http://www.wrap.org.uk/content/ working with Welsh businesses, pub- courtauld-2025-whos-involved lic sector, charities and major events to help make Wales free of unneces- Project Helix, sary single use plastic. Welsh Government’s Project HELIX provides funding support for research into global food production, Ensure accessibility and inclusivity Wales: We published a Waste Pre- trends and waste to help small to of new or updated programmes to vention Programme for Wales in 2011. medium sized food manufacturers reduce waste generation and dis- across Wales to increase production posal. https://gov.wales/topics/environ- and reduce waste. mentcountryside/epq/waste_re- The project is funded through the cycling/prevention/waste-preven- Rural Development Programme tion-programme/?lang=en (RDP) https://gov.wales/newsroom/ environmentandcountry- EXAMPLE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO DELIVER THE COMMITMENTS side/2017/170322-21-million- food-innovation-project-set-to- • The Welsh Government has allocated capital funding of £6.5million pounds to develop a significant number of safeguard-thousands-of-welsh- small-scale capital projects to assist SMEs in making the transformation towards a ‘Circular Economy’ approach. jobs/?lang=en

Implement or scale up source sep- Wales: We have programmes in arated collection for organics and place – eg. 99% of Welsh households other streams and treatment infra- have a weekly service for the sepa- structure. rate collection of food waste; we are planning to introduce regulations to require all businesses and public sector bodies to keep food waste separate at source, and for it to be collected separately for recycling.

Reduce or ban single-use and Wales: We introduced the single non-recyclable plastics and other use carrier bag charge into Wales materials, and/or support product in 2011. We are committed to Wales innovation & development. becoming a Refill nation for drinking water on-the-go. We are working with the other UK nations to con- sult on a deposit return scheme for drinks containers, and for bans on single use plastics.

86 Advancing Towards Zero Waste Declaration C40 87 C40