LUCRĂRI ŞTIINŢIFICE, SERIA I, VOL XIX (3)

WINE TOURISM OF -DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES

NIKOLIC MILAN1, SÎRBU CORINA*2 1University of , Faculty of Agriculture, 2Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara, Faculty of Agricultural Management *Corresponding author’s e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The main goal of this project is to show students angle of view on the development of a potentially profitable service branch. tourism in Serbia is poorly developed although we have a great wine production and in this work I would like to show the values and potential that Serbia can offer, especially north part Vojvodina which is famous for fertile soil.

Key words: tourism, wine, Vojvodina, strategies

INTRODUCTION The history of the Serbian wine production is more than 1000 years old - from the founding of Serbia in the 8th and the 9th century, especially during the reign of Nemanjic dynasty, which lasted from the 11th to the 14th century. Serbian ruler with especially nurtured the culture of growing vines. At the time Emperor Dusan passed a law applying to wine production and its quality, as evidenced by inscription from the „Charter of Stevan Prvovencani“. Emperor Dusan owned large vineyards and the royal wine cellar near Prizren [4]. Wine rout or wine tourism is a specific form of tourism, which combines wine tasting of a particular wine-growing region with natural beauty, customs, and cultural- historical monuments of the area.

MATERIALS AND METHODS In this paper authors presented tourism development in Serbia, and they used the SWOT analysis as research method and different publications from the specialized literature.

RESEARCH RESULTS

Wine rout or wine tourism is a specific form of tourism, which combines wine tasting of a particular wine-growing region with natural beauty, customs, and cultural-historical monuments of the area [5], [6]. Thanks to the geographical location, climatic and soil factors, the conditions for cultivation of wine in our country, provide opportunities for the manufacture of different types of wine, starting from the north to the south and vineyards with a series of transitions between these two extremes.

Figure 1. Wine regions of Serbia Source: www.vinskivodic.rs

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By producing wine, many regions have gained a very rich tradition and as such are known,not only on our pro do more and foreign markets. Historian ja Serbian wine production is more than a thousand years. [1] Table 1. Wine production in the world in the period 2005-2014 Wine production (t) Year The world Africa America Asia Europe Oceania 2005 28532219 1014906 5755926 1714528 18511032 1535827 2006 28359592 1133390 5220708 1746449 18696057 1562988 2007 26472470 1111539 5422033 1772114 17057212 1109572 2008 27213051 1155509 5505993 1807997 17293573 1449980 2009 26777529 1134955 5438616 1873495 16942839 1387624 2010 27028149 1051376 5683768 1931393 17029315 1332297 2011 27337356 1093111 5835234 1955859 17100317 1352836 2012 26063729 1184885 6004005 1982785 15472134 1419919 2013 29273918 1233667 6552080 2053982 17954777 1479412 2014 29105841 1272933 6561164 2083458 17681544 1506743 Average 2005-2014 27616385 1138627 5797953 1892206 17373880 1413720 Min. 26063729 1014906 5220708 1714528 15472134 1109572 Max. 29273918 1272933 6561164 2083458 18696057 1562988 Change rate (%) 0.105040 0.824184 1.065206 1.132823 -0.366626 0.129674 Source: www.fao.org

Among the leading wine producers in the world belong to Spain, France, the US, China and Argentina. The five countries in 2014 achieved a production of 15million tons, which accounts for more than 67% of world wine production

Table 2. Most of the wine producers in the world in 2014 Participation in world Country Wine production (t) production (%) Spain 4607850 20.16 France 4293466 18.78 USA 3300000 14.44 China 1700000 7.44 Argentina 1498380 6.56 Source: www.fao.org

There are three basic factors that together determine the character of the wine: the type of grapes and the way of its cultivation, the climate and the soil on which the grapes grow and the creativity, ability and technology of the wine producers. (Vlahovic, 2015) [2] On average for the period 2005-2014. The production of wine in Serbia amounted to 84738 tonnes 1. Wine production in spite of variation analyzed by age exhibits a tendency to increase at an average annual rate of change of 3.99%.

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Table 3. Wine production in Serbia in the period 2005-2014 Production of wine in tons Year / indicators in Production 2005 106839 2006 129184 2007 145838 2008 154224 2009 202368 2010 238233 2011 224431 2012 217503 2013 230580 2014 198183 Average 2005-2014. 184738 Min. 106839 Max. 238233 Rate of change (%) 3.9876 Source: www.fao.org

Wine route of Fruska Gora Fruska Gora is a region of Italian , and by some, it is considered its original homeland. Under the above mentioned varieties is more than half of the vineyards of this beautiful mountain. The most popular of this region are Fruškogorski RiEsling, Italian Riesling, Rhine Riesling, Zupljanka, Traminer, Bouvier, Blaufrankisch, Plemenka, Silvanac green, and specific aromatic Portugizer of berms. [1]

Fruska Gora Vineyards

Wine route of Vrsac The climate of this region is typically continental. From the indigenous a nd old varieties, Župljanka, Smederevka, Sasla white, Kraca are still grown here. Kreaca is an ancient white grape variety, which is native in Vrsac. It has been grown all over . In vineyards of Vrsac, white wine varieties dominate over th e black ones. [1] Among the many top quality wines from this wine region, Ottonel, , Pinot Bianco, Chardonnay and Italian Riesling are noted, and a very popular is Banat Riesling from varieties of Italian Riesling, Smederevka, a parishionerand creation.

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Figure 4. Vrsacki vineyard map

Table 4. SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths: Weaknesses:

• Spacious amenities (close proximity • Bad roads observed regions) • Insufficient and non-quality accommodation • Close to major city centers (receptive) • Wealth of Complementary Natural • Lack of promotional material values • Lack of marketing, management and information • Wealth of cultural and historical sights system • Good transport links suv ozemnim • Lack of information boards, a milestone roads for wine roads and wineries • River Danube River • Lack of individual producer finances • Creation of tourist organizations in each • Insufficient understanding of the content of the the city stay • Events dedicated to wine and grapes • The warmth, kindness and hospitality of the population • Possibility for tourists to engage in production wine • a healthy and varied food-Vojvodina specialties Opportunities: Threats:

Education of wine producers (organizing The slow development of infrastructure, seminars, tribunes) • Insufficient openness of the country abroad • Training a winemaker to provide services • Insufficient incentive measures by the side accommodation, private accommodation Government • Providing certain benefits to winemakers who they want to develop wine tourism • Increased interest in domestic and foreign wine tourism circles • Investing in promotion • Joint appearance on the market, fairs • Improvement of production technologies • Create short circular hiking tours around existing road trips • Identify and equip tourist centers 160 LUCRĂRI ŞTIINŢIFICE, SERIA I, VOL XIX (3)

WINE ROUTE Famous Sremski Karlovci [3] , one of the most visited tourist destinations in Serbia, in addition to history and culture, and spread the good wines and winemakers from the area say they are "born here the best wines in Srem". They drank for hundreds of years and gained worldwide reputation. Grapevine was brought to these parts in Roman times by Emperor Marko Aurelius Prob, and the tradition continued for centuries. Wine produced in Karlovac basements is found in European capitals, from the court in Vienna, through the Czech Republic and Poland, Switzerland, Belgium and Moldova, to the London cemetery. They were located in wine maps on ships on the way to America, even on the famous "Titanic". Saved data is from 1754, which says that from Karlovac 565 households, and 459 has vinograde.Vina who celebrated Karlovce the dessert Ausbruh and Bermet, dry aperitif wine with the addition of wormwood, anise, cinnamon and other spices. Viennese court is Bermet bought in advance from Karlovac winemakers and Empress Maria Theresa each year spend a few days on Mount Fruska Gora, enjoying, among other things, and in him. For Bermet Riesling is not left behind, and in Vienna and today there is a trade name of roses called "Karlovci tovajn". All travel writers mentioned Karlovac wines. The other is that Nikola Tesla appreciated Bermet, believing that it promotes intellectual abilities, while many believe that these wines, besides the enchanting taste and aroma, also have aphrodisiacal power. In Sremski Karlovci, every older house is built with a wine cellar that can be considered as a measure of quality and success in wine production. Sometimes the cellar consisted of two parts: from the cockpit, welders, and from the brewery, where the sprinkled wine was lager. However, a large number of such basements are being left due to the demolition and construction of new concrete or brick-built basements. [3] There is a large number of cellars and wineries that can be visited in Sremski Karlovci. "Basement Bajilo" Wine House Zivanovic, "Winery Dulka", "Vinum" Family winery Kosovic, Basement Petrovic, Winery Kis, Winery Mrdjanin, Winery DJurđic, Winery Dosen Winery Veritas Winery Aleks, Winery "Podrum Probus" Patriarchy basement are just some of them.

CONCLUSIONS

Wine tourism as a young discipline need to be more supported by government. Serbia is a state of many natural goods which we never fully exploited so first step to developing ourselves would be that, second step should be developing service branch and one of those service should be wine tourism through the whole country. At the moment there is big popularity in our region of bringing foreign investors to build industry (most of them are bad for environment) and take profit to their own country and leaving our workers with low salaries and bad working condition. There is a question, why are we doing that to ourselves and who has benefits of that when we(all EX YU states) can use natural sources we are having to secure better life for us and our environment. The solution lies in us, in young generations, who have duty to change everything from the root.

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REFERENCES

[1]. JOVANA DRAGINCIC, 2010, Putevi vina [2]. VLAHOVIC BRANISLAV, 2015, Tržište agroindustrijskih proizoda, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad [3]. APATOVIC ANDREA, 2017, Vinski turizam-Put vina Sremskih Karlovaca [4]. ***www.serbiatouristguide.com [5]. ***www.fao.org [6]. ***www.vinskivodic.rs

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