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Treason Trial N South Affhga

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Treason Trial N South Affhga September 1984 i : IML - T i Mb c u e - u / r f j 'V TREASON TRIAL N SOUTH AFFHGA T i young Catholics - Derek and Trish Hanekom and large South African operation, with base camps in Roiand Hunter - stand trial for high treason in South South Africa supplying groups operai'-ng in the Africa on 3 September. As we go to press, details are neighbouring states. This was entirely unknown to still obscure because the case is still sub judice the South African public, because their government and the defence has not yet been heard, but it is denied any such intervention, claiming that these clear that the case has implications beyond the three were opposition movements thrown up by conditions people directly concerned. inside their countries. The activities of these groups included sabotage and attacks on civilian Catholic influences targets such as buses. The three all come from active Catholic families. Trish Hanekom was herself very active in Catholic Crisis of conscience student organisations, and especially the Young Christian Students (as were Roland's sister and Roland Hunter was faced with a crisis of conscience. Derek's brother). Their actions will certainly have He knew about an operation to undermine the been influenced by that background, as well as by governments of neighbouring states, which the their own experience of the situation of ordinary government was claiming not to be undertaking. He people in southern Africa. had grown up in two of South Africa's neighbouring states. He could have asked for a transfer. He Trish Murray grew up in Zimbabwe, where she went to a could have gone to the press - but South African law Catholic secondary school at Mutare, and was would prevent publication and his access to impressed by the stand of Bishop Lamont on issues of information would immediately end. It seems that he justice during the Smith regime. At the University of decided to pass out the information to the states Cape Town she took a leading role in the Students' concerned, with the result that warnings were Health and Welfare Centres Organisation (SHAWCO), received in time, and lives were saved. In taking assisting community organisations in the black that decision, he must have been fully aware that he townships and squatter camps around Cape Town. After would almost certainly be discovered eventually, and university she set up a community farm project in the be liable to go to prison for 20 years or more. Cape with other Catholics in YCS and YCW, including Trish and Derek are accused of being the channel Derek Hannekom, whom she later married. Derek Hanekom through which the information was passed, allegedly was born in Cape Town to an Afrikaner family. He via the African National Congress (ANC), the outlawed began a law degree at the University of Stellenbosch, South African liberation movement. They too must .l y. laft to spend a year in Europe and the USA. In have known the likelihood of being caught. 1979 Trish and Derek moved to a farm near Magaliesburg, not far from Johannesburg. Wider implications Roland Hunter went to a non-racial boarding school in The three are now charged with high treason. The Swaziland, and grew up in the independent kingdom of state's case is that they passed secret military Lesotho. When the family returned to South Africa, documents to the ANC, and so were attempting to Roland studied development economics at the overthrow the South African government. The state University of the Witwatersrand, and was known for a will almost certainly not reveal the contents of practical (rather than political) interest in those documents - the fact that they related to development. He was hoping to teach development attempts by the South African state to overthrow studies at a university. He was a friend of Trish ‘Neighbouring governments. Such actions by South and Derek Hanekom through their practical attempt at Africa have been repeatedly condemned by the community development on their farm. international community, for example at the 1983 Commonwealth Heads of Government meeting. The wider Covert operations significance of the case is that it illustrates the dilemma increasingly presented to young white South In January 1982, Roland Hunter began his compulsory Africans by their government's military policies, at military service. He was posted to Military home and across its borders. Many Christians are Intelligence as a driver. It seems that, to his coming to see these policies as falling foul of the amazement, he found himself servicing rebel movements tradition Christian teaching on 'just war'. In from neighbouring countries, and especially the acting on their conscience, these three stand in an Mozambique group MNR (or Renamo). It was apparently a honourable tradition. 1984: YEAR OF THE WOMEN The African National Congress has declared 1984 to be the Year of the Roll of honour: W o m e n inside South Africa. Here, Women political prisoners in jail now black w o m e n are the most oppressed and exploited section of the popula­ Dorothy Nyembe. aged 53, sentenced 26 March 1969 to 15 years tion based on sex, class and colour. Barbara Anne Hogan, aped 31, sentenced 21 October 1982 to 10 years This is as true in the prisons of South Thandi Modise, aged 24, sentenced 7 November 1980 to 8 years Africa as outside of them. Even when ‘concessions’ were won Lilian Keagile, aged 25. sentenced 18 March 1983 to 6 years by prisoners on Robben Island and Z o d w a Elizabeth Ntombi, sentenced in 1979 to 5 years by the white prisoners in Pretoria Elizabeth Gumede, aged 62, sentenced 29 June 1979 to five years Central, these were not passed on to Kate Serokolo, aged 32, sentenced 29 June 1979 to 5 years the w o m e n as the apartheid authori­ Masabata Mary Loate, aged 24, sentenced 1 1 March 1982 to 5 years ties have claimed. At one time the w o m e n were all held at Pretoria M o mak ep hu Jane Ntsatha, aged 26, sentenced 22 April 1983 to 5 years Central, but more recently the wo m e n Johanna Lourens, aged 23, sentenced 24 November 1983 to 4 years Anti-Apartheid Anti-Apartheid News political March 1984 prisoners have been separated ther with Sibongile Mthembu, Siziwe from one another, and some have not appear, amon g them Florence been held in sections with the Bookaloane and Elizabeth Nhlapo, she was charged with contravening Matomela, w h o died six months after criminal prisoners. her release as a result of neglect of Just as the name of Nelson prison regulations. These w o m e n refused to return to their cells when her diabetic condition while she was Mandela has become symbolic of all serving her five-year sentence. ordered to do so and, following the political prisoners, so the name of Nor should we forget Dora Tamana D O R O T H Y NY 1 M B E has been held charges against them, they all went and Annie Silinga w h o were also aloft among the women. For Dorothy, on hunger strike. imprisoned. Dora died last year and due to be released on 26 March, was In October 1981 five w o m e n Annie is still playing her part, in a sentenced in 1969 to 15 years’ political prisoners serving terms for wheelchair now, refusing to take a imprisonment under the notorious offences under tWe Terrorism Act pass even though this deprives her of Terrorism Act - the longest prison brought an application in the Pretoria her old age pension and other 'con­ term imposed on a woman for a supreme court to have their detention declared illegal. They were Caesarina cessions'. political act. Oliver Tambo, president of the Ma ny international tributes have Makhoere, Thandi Modise, Elizabeth African National Congress, issued a been conferred on Dorothy for her Nhlapo, Kate Serokolo and Elizabeth Gumede. message on 8 January this year, the courageous contribution to the libera­ A N C ’s 72nd anniversary. He said: tion struggle, both inside prison and In a sworn affidavit Caesarina said before her imprisonment. In 1977 she was kept in isolation for 23 hours It will be our special task this year she was awarded a medal by the each day between April 1979 and to mobilise our womenfolk into a Central Committee of the National October 1981. She told the court powerful united and active force Front of the Socialist Republic of that ‘isolation is indicted without for revolutionary change. I his task Czechoslovakia. O n 21 March 1977 any real regard for the nature of the falls on m e n and w o m e n alike all she was awarded a medal by the U N offence, without our being given any of us together as comrades in the opportunity to defend ourselves and struggle ... our struggle needs and for a duration which is indefinite and > demands this potentially mighty at the discretion of the prison force. Our struggle could be less officials’. than powerful and our national The isolation included denial of and social emancipation could work, restricted exercise, denial of never be complete if we continue any reading matter save the bihle, to treat the worn *n nfourcountn restrictions on receipt of letters and , as dependent min^.s and objects visitors, and refusal of the right to of one form of exploitation or study. Caesarina said that Elizabeth another... In our beleaguered G u m e d e was over 60 and suffered country the w o m e n ’s place is in — -s .-« from hypertension, and that ‘she the battlefront of struggle.
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