Gandhian Concept of Truth and Non-Violence
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1. Identify the Image of Mr. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
1. Identify the image of Mr. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel A. B. C. D. 2. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was which of the following A. First Law Minister and Prime Minister B. First Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister C. First Education Minister and Home Minister D. First Foreign Minister and Deputy Prime Minister 3. On which date was Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel born ? A. 31 October 1876 B. 31 October 1875 C. 30 October 1875 D. 13 October 1876 4. Which Place in India was Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel born? A. Porbandar, Gujarat, India B. Delhi, Ind ia C. Nadiad, Gujarat, Ind ia D. Mumbai, Maharashtra, India 5. What was Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s profession ? A. Businessman B. Farmer C. Teacher D. Lawyer 6. Sarda r Vallabhbhai Patel is also known as...... A. Iron Man of India and Bismarck of India B. Missile man of India C. Water Man of India D. Father of Nation of India 7. Sardar Vallabhbhai was given the title of ‘Sardar’ for leading a massive campaign urging the farmers not to pay taxes for their land to the British authorities. A. Kheda Satyagrah B. Bardoli Satyagrah C. Dandi March Movement D. Non Co-Operation movement 8. Which is the reason that Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is compared to Otto von Bismarck of Germany A. He was also an influential political figure as was Bismarck in Germany B. He was instrumental in uniting and integrating India as Bismarck did for Germany C. Both of them were first ‘Home Ministers’ of their respective countries D. Both of them were first ‘Deputy Prime-Ministers’ of their respective countries 9. -
Gandhi Writes About Henry David Thoreau Source 2
Handout Source 1: Gandhi writes about Henry David Thoreau Many years ago, there lived in America a great man named Henry David Thoreau. His writings are read and pondered over by millions of people… Much importance is attached to his writings because Thoreau himself was a man who practised what he preached. Impelled by a sense of duty, he wrote much against his own country, America. He considered it a great sin that the Americans held many persons in the bond of slavery. He did not rest content with saying this, but took all other necessary steps to put a stop to this trade. One of the steps consisted in not paying any taxes to the State in which the slave trade was being carried on. He was imprisoned when he stopped paying the taxes due from him. The thoughts which occurred to him during his imprisonment were boldly original. [From Gandhi. Indian Opinion. Quoted in M.V. Kamath. The United States and India 1776-1976. Washington, D.C.: Embassy of India, 1976. 65.] Source 2: Gandhi’s Influence on Dr. Martin Luther King When King arrived one cold day in New Delhi, as a guest of the Government of India, his first words were a tribute to Gandhi. “To other countries,” King said, “I may go as a tourist, but to India I come as a pilgrim. This is because India means to me Mahatma Gandhi, a truly great man of the age.” King heard of Gandhi from Dr. Mordecai Johnson, President of Howard University, who had returned from a visit to India and was speaking at Philadelphia. -
HUMS 4904A Schedule Mondays 11:35 - 2:25 [Each Session Is in Two Halves: a and B]
CARLETON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF THE HUMANITIES Humanities 4904 A (Winter 2011) Mahatma Gandhi Across Cultures Mondays 11:35-2:25 Prof. Noel Salmond Paterson Hall 2A46 Paterson Hall 2A38 520-2600 ext. 8162 [email protected] Office Hours: Tuesdays 2:00 - 4:00 (Or by appointment) This seminar is a critical examination of the life and thought of one of the pivotal and iconic figures of the twentieth century, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi – better known as the Mahatma, the great soul. Gandhi is a bridge figure across cultures in that his thought and action were inspired by both Indian and Western traditions. And, of course, in that his influence has spread across the globe. He was shaped by his upbringing in Gujarat India and the influences of Hindu and Jain piety. He identified as a Sanatani Hindu. Yet he was also influenced by Western thought: the New Testament, Henry David Thoreau, John Ruskin, Count Leo Tolstoy. We will read these authors: Thoreau, On Civil Disobedience; Ruskin, Unto This Last; Tolstoy, A Letter to a Hindu and The Kingdom of God is Within You. We will read Gandhi’s autobiography, My Experiments with Truth, and a variety of texts from his Collected Works covering the social, political, and religious dimensions of his struggle for a free India and an India of social justice. We will read selections from his commentary on the Bhagavad Gita, the book that was his daily inspiration and that also, ironically, was the inspiration of his assassin. We will encounter Gandhi’s clash over communal politics and caste with another architect of modern India – Bimrao Ambedkar, author of the constitution, Buddhist convert, and leader of the “untouchable” community. -
Nirodbaran Talks with Sri Aurobindo 01
Talks with Sri Aurobindo Volume 1 by Nirodbaran Sri Aurobindo Ashram Pondicherry NOTE These talks are from my notebooks. For several years I used to record most of the conversations which Sri Aurobindo had with us, his attendants, and a few others, after the accident to his right leg in November 1938. Besides myself, the regular participants were: Purani, Champaklal, Satyendra, Mulshankar and Dr. Becharlal. Occasional visitors were Dr. Manilal, Dr. Rao and Dr. Savoor. As these notes were not seen by Sri Aurobindo himself, the responsibil- ity for the Master's words rests entirely with me. I do not vouch for absolute accuracy, but I have tried my best to reproduce them faithfully. I have made the same attempt for the remarks of the others. NIRODBARAN i PREFACE The eve of the November Darshan, 1938. The Ashram humming with the ar- rival of visitors. On every face signs of joy, in every look calm expectation and happiness. Everybody has retired early, lights have gone out: great occa- sion demands greater silent preparation. The Ashram is bathed in an atmos- phere of serene repose. Only one light keeps on burning in the corner room like a midnight vigil. Sri Aurobindo at work as usual. A sudden noise! A rush and hurry of feet breaking the calm sleep. 2:00 a.m. Then an urgent call to Sri Aurobindo's room. There, lying on the floor with his right knee flexed, is he, clad in white dhoti, upper body bare, the Golden Purusha. The Mother, dressed in a sari, is sitting beside him. -
LOK SABRA DEBATES (English Version)
Mond.,. February 22, 1988 ~!I~b SIrles. Vol. XXXV. No,.1 PbalguDa 3, 1909 (Sab) LOK SABRA DEBATES (English Version) Tentb Session (Elghtb Lot Sabba) ( ~~ ~ PARLIAMENT L1Di~ARY ; N.. :e...... .10. ..' . ~ i\ .".., L)ato .........'3~.~8~~ 00.., ... ,..\\ ,. ~.,....... - ~ ..........,.,.,.,.'..,_. ",I (Vol XXXV contains Nos, J to 10) LOK SABRA SECllETAIlIAT NEW DELHI Price: RI. : 600 [ORJOINAL ENGUSH PROCEEDINGS INCLUDED IN ENOLISH VERSION AND ORIOINAL HINDI PROCEEDINQS INCLUDED IN HINDI VERSION WiLL BE DBA TBDAS AUTFfORITATlVS AND NOT THE TRANSLATION THERFOP.l CONTENTS (Eighth Series, Volume XXXv, Tenth Session, 1988/1909-10 (Saka)] No.1. Monday, February 22. 1988/Phalguna 3, 1909 (Saka) COLUMNS President's Address - Laid on the Table 1-20 Obituary References and Resolution on the 20-32 demise of Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MEMBERS EIGHTH LOK SABHA A Appalanarasimham, Shri P. (Anakapalfi) Shri (South Abbasi, Shri K.J. (Domariaganj) ArJun Singh, Defhi) Shri (Tenkasi) Abdul Ghafoor, Shri (Siwan) Arunachalam, M. Abdul Hamid, Shri (Dhubri) Ataur Rahman, Shri (8arpeta) Abdullah, Begum Akbar Jahan Athlthan, Shri R. Dhanuskodi (Tiruchen- (Anantnag) dur) Athwal, Shri Charanjit Singh (Ropar) Acharla, Shri Basudeb (8ankura) AdalkalaraJ, Shri L. (Tiruchirappalli) Awasthl, Shri Jagdish (Bilhaur) Agarwal, Shri Jai Prakash (Chandni Azad, Shri Bhagwat Jha (Bhagalpur) Chowk) Azad, Shri Ghulam Nabi (Washim) Ahmad, Shri Sarfaraz (Giridih) B Ahmed, Shrimati Abida (Bareilly) Baghel, Shri Pratapsinh (Ohar) Ahmed, Shri Saifuddin (Mangaldai) 8agun Sumbrul, Shri (Singhbhum) Akhtar Hasan. Shri (Kairana) 8alragl, Shri Balkavi (Mandsaur) Alkha Ram, Shri (Salumber) Bairwa, Shri Banwari Lal (Tonk) Anand Singh, Shri (Gonda) Baltha, Shri D.L. (Araria) AnJlah. Shrimatj Manemma (Secundera- bad) BaJpal, Dr. -
Friends of Gandhi
FRIENDS OF GANDHI Correspondence of Mahatma Gandhi with Esther Færing (Menon), Anne Marie Petersen and Ellen Hørup Edited by E.S. Reddy and Holger Terp Gandhi-Informations-Zentrum, Berlin The Danish Peace Academy, Copenhagen Copyright 2006 by Gandhi-Informations-Zentrum, Berlin, and The Danish Peace Academy, Copenhagen. Copyright for all Mahatma Gandhi texts: Navajivan Trust, Ahmedabad, India (with gratitude to Mr. Jitendra Desai). All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transacted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers. Gandhi-Informations-Zentrum: http://home.snafu.de/mkgandhi The Danish Peace Academy: http://www.fredsakademiet.dk Friends of Gandhi : Correspondence of Mahatma Gandhi with Esther Færing (Menon), Anne Marie Petersen and Ellen Hørup / Editors: E.S.Reddy and Holger Terp. Publishers: Gandhi-Informations-Zentrum, Berlin, and the Danish Peace Academy, Copenhagen. 1st edition, 1st printing, copyright 2006 Printed in India. - ISBN 87-91085-02-0 - ISSN 1600-9649 Fred I Danmark. Det Danske Fredsakademis Skriftserie Nr. 3 EAN number / strejkode 9788791085024 2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ESTHER FAERING (MENON)1 Biographical note Correspondence with Gandhi2 Gandhi to Miss Faering, January 11, 1917 Gandhi to Miss Faering, January 15, 1917 Gandhi to Miss Faering, March 20, 1917 Gandhi to Miss Faering, March 31,1917 Gandhi to Miss Faering, April 15, 1917 Gandhi to Miss Faering, -
Formative Years
CHAPTER 1 Formative Years Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, a seaside town in western India. At that time, India was under the British raj (rule). The British presence in India dated from the early seventeenth century, when the English East India Company (EIC) first arrived there. India was then ruled by the Mughals, a Muslim dynasty governing India since 1526. By the end of the eighteenth century, the EIC had established itself as the paramount power in India, although the Mughals continued to be the official rulers. However, the EIC’s mismanagement of the Indian affairs and the corruption among its employees prompted the British crown to take over the rule of the Indian subcontinent in 1858. In that year the British also deposed Bahadur Shah, the last of the Mughal emperors, and by the Queen’s proclamation made Indians the subjects of the British monarch. Victoria, who was simply the Queen of England, was designated as the Empress of India at a durbar (royal court) held at Delhi in 1877. Viceroy, the crown’s representative in India, became the chief executive-in-charge, while a secretary of state for India, a member of the British cabinet, exercised control over Indian affairs. A separate office called the India Office, headed by the secretary of state, was created in London to exclusively oversee the Indian affairs, while the Colonial Office managed the rest of the British Empire. The British-Indian army was reorganized and control over India was established through direct or indirect rule. The territories ruled directly by the British came to be known as British India. -
Gandhi Wields the Weapon of Moral Power (Three Case Stories)
Gandhi wields the weapon of moral power (Three Case Stories) By Gene Sharp Foreword by: Dr. Albert Einstein First Published: September 1960 Printed & Published by: Navajivan Publishing House Ahmedabad 380 014 (INDIA) Phone: 079 – 27540635 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.navajivantrust.org Gandhi wields the weapon of moral power FOREWORD By Dr. Albert Einstein This book reports facts and nothing but facts — facts which have all been published before. And yet it is a truly- important work destined to have a great educational effect. It is a history of India's peaceful- struggle for liberation under Gandhi's guidance. All that happened there came about in our time — under our very eyes. What makes the book into a most effective work of art is simply the choice and arrangement of the facts reported. It is the skill pf the born historian, in whose hands the various threads are held together and woven into a pattern from which a complete picture emerges. How is it that a young man is able to create such a mature work? The author gives us the explanation in an introduction: He considers it his bounden duty to serve a cause with all his ower and without flinching from any sacrifice, a cause v aich was clearly embodied in Gandhi's unique personality: to overcome, by means of the awakening of moral forces, the danger of self-destruction by which humanity is threatened through breath-taking technical developments. The threatening downfall is characterized by such terms as "depersonalization" regimentation “total war"; salvation by the words “personal responsibility together with non-violence and service to mankind in the spirit of Gandhi I believe the author to be perfectly right in his claim that each individual must come to a clear decision for himself in this important matter: There is no “middle ground ". -
The Futility of Violence I. Gandhi's Critique of Violence for Gandhi, Political
CHAPTER ONE The Futility of Violence I. Gandhi’s Critique of Violence For Gandhi, political life was, in a profound and fundamental sense, closely bound to the problem of violence. At the same time, his understanding and critique of violence was multiform and layered; violence’s sources and consequences were at once ontological, moral and ethical, as well as distinctly political. Gandhi held a metaphysical account of the world – one broadly drawn from Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist philosophy – that accepted himsa or violence to be an ever-present and unavoidable fact of human existence. The world, he noted, was “bound in a chain of destruction;” the basic mechanisms for the reproduction of biological and social life necessarily involved continuous injury to living matter. But modern civilization – its economic and political institutions as well as the habits it promoted and legitimated – posed the problem of violence in new and insistent terms. Gandhi famously declared the modern state to represent “violence in a concentrated and organized form;” it was a “soulless machine” that – like industrial capitalism – was premised upon and generated coercive forms of centralization and hierarchy.1 These institutions enforced obedience through the threat of violence, they forced people to labor unequally, they oriented desires towards competitive material pursuits. In his view, civilization was rendering persons increasingly weak, passive, and servile; in impinging upon moral personality, modern life degraded and deformed it. This was the structural violence of modernity, a violence that threatened bodily integrity but also human dignity, individuality, and autonomy. In this respect, Gandhi’s deepest ethical objection to violence was closely tied to a worldview that took violence to inhere in modern modes of politics and modern ways of living. -
Mahatma Gandhi and Non-Violence
Mahatma Gandhi and Non-Violence Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born in 1869 in India during the era of British colonial rule. This meant that India was governed by Britain and Indians had no choice in this matter. Gandhi campaigned throughout his life for India to gain independence as a country, which was finally realised in 1945. Gandhi had trained as a lawyer and it was not until he experienced racism in South Africa that he started his journey towards campaigning for equal rights and then Indian independence. He was knowledgeable about all religions. He was impressed by the Sermon on the Mount in the Bible and the idea of non- violence being a moral force, which was also the basic idea proposed by Leo Tolstoy (a Russian writer) with whom Gandhi corresponded. Tolstoy read widely on Christianity, Buddhism and Hinduism and made connections between them. He believed in ‘non-resistance to evil’ was necessary because violence was a wrong in itself. To act violently even when one is being treated unjustly only led to two wrongs being committed. Gandhi was a practising Hindu, this influenced his beliefs in two fundamental ways. 1. Satyagraha is the idea of discovering the truth (satya) and the need to live one’s life by doing the right thing. This is a moral force not the physical force of violence. Violence gets in the way of highlighting the truth of suffering and injustice by causing more suffering and injustice. 2. Ahimsa has a long history in Indian religious thought and was explored in the Hindu Vedas. -
IV-His-EM-Gandhi and National Movement 10-Apr-2020
Gandhi and National Movement Gandhian Tools and Early Struggles Gandhian Ideology Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869-1948), herein after Gandhiji, was undoubtedly the most authentic and celebrated representative of the wisdom and culture of India in our times. His countrymen address him, with respect, as the Mahatma. For Many, among the greatest, Gandhiji was the great. He was a social reformer, an economist, a political philosopher and a seeker of truth. We consider him as a 'yugapurusha', one who inaugurated a new era. The contribution of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to the Indian national movement was un-paralleled. He made the Indian National Congress a peoples' Congress and the national movement a mass movement. He made people fearless and bold and taught them the non- violent method for fighting against injustice. He had a passion for individual liberty which was closely bound with his understanding of truth and self realization. His search for truth led him to make deep forays within Iiis own inner self as it led him to probe into the natural and social world around him, particularly the tradition which he considered his own. Gandhi’s philosophy was a profound engagement with modernity and its pitfalls. Against the evils of wan.ton industrialization, materialism and selfish pursuits, Gandhi suggested, in , turn, swadeshi, primacy of the self and trusteeship; against the institution of state, as the force personified, and the prevalent notion of democracy where only heads are counted, he - favored a swaraj type of democracy where everything springs from the free individual and where decisions are made bottom-up with the locus of power below. -
The Gandhi-Ambedkar Caste Debate: Is It Just Black and White Or Shades of Grey Are Possible? Or Was Gandhiji Apologetic of the Caste System?
Divya Jha [Subject: Political Science] International Journal of Research Vol. 5, Issue: 7, July : 2017 in Humanities & Soc. Sciences [I.F. = 1.5] ISSN:(P) 2347-5404 ISSN:(O)2320 771X The Gandhi-Ambedkar Caste Debate: Is it Just Black and White or Shades of Grey are Possible? Or Was Gandhiji Apologetic of the Caste System? DIVYA JHA M.A., NET (Political Science) Delhi (India) Abstract: With the Gandhi- Ambedkar caste debate being a widely read and a thoroughly debated subject, there is supposed to be ‘nothing new’ to be discussed in the matter. However, on my reading into the subject I realised there is an unnecessary dichotomising between the views of Gandhiji and Ambedkar. On the contrary, both were social reformers fighting the evils the society was embedded in. Howsoever, an in-depth reading into this field of scholarship readily and quite often potrays Gandhiji as being apologetic of the caste system. My aim is to see for myself and ther by to bring to notice whether Gandhiji was really up to such an agenda i.e. of defending and justifying the caste system. For this the first and foremost aspect would be through what lens are we looking into the matter. In my view, reading Gandhiji from his very own standpoint, or what Quentin Skinner would call reading a theorist within his context. This resolves the whole problem of reading any ambiguity or contradictions which is claimed to be in Gandhi. Keywords: Ambedkar, Caste system, Gandhi 1. Introduction Caste is an important element of Indian socio-political discourse even today.