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Vizualna Analiza Pokreta Kamere Temeljene Na Suvremenoj Filmskoj Produkciji

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Vizualna Analiza Pokreta Kamere Temeljene Na Suvremenoj Filmskoj Produkciji Vizualna analiza pokreta kamere temeljene na suvremenoj filmskoj produkciji Kovačić, Aron Undergraduate thesis / Završni rad 2017 Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: University North / Sveučilište Sjever Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:122:374910 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2021-10-09 Repository / Repozitorij: University North Digital Repository Završni rad br. 562/MM/2017 Vizualna analiza pokreta kamere temeljene na suvremenoj filmskoj produkciji Aron Kovačić, 5505/601 Varaždin, listopad 2017. godine Odjel za multimediju, oblikovanje i primjenu Završni rad br. 562/MM/2017 Vizualna analiza pokreta kamere temeljene na suvremenoj filmskoj produkciji Student Aron Kovačić, 5505/601 Mentor doc.art. Robert Geček Varaždin, listopad 2017. godine SAŽETAK S obzirom da su film, snimanje, montaža i video produkcija već dulji niz godina puno više od mog hobija, odlučio sam u svom diplomskom radu istražiti kako je i zašto kamera od potpuno statične postala pokretna. Kroz povijest kinematografije opisao sam kako su nastali prvi, sasvim “slučajni” pokreti kamere, od prvog pada kamere i otkrića da je ono što je kamera snimila u padu zapravo jako vizualno zanimljivo, prve vožnje gondolom po Veneciji i prvih panorama. Naveo sam neke najpoznatije primjere filmova u kojima su po prvi puta kameru postavljali na vlakove, kola, konje, kasnije automobile, brodove itd. Proučio sam i opisao prve kadrove snimljene iz ruke, iz balona i raznih ratnih letjelica iz tog doba. Nakon sažetog “kretanja” kroz povijest pokreta analizirao sam koja sve stanja kamere postoje, kad se koriste i kakav je njihov učinak na gledatelja. Vodio sam se kategorizacijom pokreta prema Enesu Midžiću na vrste panoramskog pokreta, iluzija pokreta dobivena zum objektivom i kretnje, tj. vožnje kamerom. Kako bih pratio tehnološki napredak u području kinematografije, morao sam proučiti i razvoj tehnologije u drugim područjima koja su usko vezana za kamere, optiku, stative, kranove (hidraulika) itd. U svome sam se radu osvrnuo na tehnike pokreta koje se danas koriste pomoću pomagala kao što su steadycam, dolly, slider, no ono što je danas najpopularnije i možda najzanimljivije jer se najintenzivnije razvija - snimanje uz pomoć letjelica; dronova. Analizirao sam pokrete kamere u novijim filmovima te sam se osvrnuo upravo na one u kojima su pokreti kamere doista impresivni i tehnički vrlo zahtjevni, no u konačnici izuzetno važni jer se bez njih priča nikad ne bi mogla ispričati na takav dramatičan i emotivan način. U završnici svog diplomskog rada snimio sam svoj vlastiti video uradak pridajući pažnju pokretu kamere te sam analizirao i objasnio zašto sam korisitio koju tehniku pokreta kamere. KLJUČNE RIJEČI: kamera, kadar, snimanje, pokret, transtrav, postolja, panorama, dron, film, analiza SADRŽAJ 1. UVOD ................................................................................................................................. 1 2. POVIJEST POKRETA KAMERE ..................................................................................... 2 3. STANJA KAMERE .......................................................................................................... 12 3.1. Statična kamera .......................................................................................................... 13 3.2. Pokretna kamera ........................................................................................................ 13 3.3. Karakter kretanja kamere ........................................................................................... 15 3.4. Panoramski pokreti – PANORAMA ......................................................................... 15 3.5. Pokreti objektivom .................................................................................................... 17 3.5.1. Zumiranje i zum objektivi .................................................................................. 17 3.6. Transtrav .................................................................................................................... 19 3.7. Vožnja kamere ........................................................................................................... 19 3.7.1. Vožnja prema naprijed ....................................................................................... 21 3.7.2. Vožnja prema natrag .......................................................................................... 22 3.7.3. Bočna vožnja ...................................................................................................... 23 3.7.4. Kružna vožnja .................................................................................................... 24 3.7.5. Okomita vožnja .................................................................................................. 24 3.8. Pedestali i dolly postolja ............................................................................................ 25 3.9. Kran ........................................................................................................................... 26 3.10. Snimanje kamerom iz ruke ........................................................................................ 28 3.11. Steadicam ................................................................................................................... 29 3.12. Snimanje iz zraka ....................................................................................................... 30 4. ANALIZA STANJA KAMERE U SUVREMENIM FILMOVIMA ............................... 32 4.1. Kauboji i izvanzemaljci ............................................................................................. 32 4.1.1. O filmu ............................................................................................................... 32 4.1.2. Panorama ............................................................................................................ 32 4.2. Na putu prema dolje (Breaking Bad) ......................................................................... 35 4.2.1. O filmu ............................................................................................................... 35 4.2.2. Vožnja ................................................................................................................ 35 4.3. Leon profesionalac (Leon the proffesional) .............................................................. 38 4.3.1. O filmu ............................................................................................................... 38 4.3.2. Kranski pokreti ................................................................................................... 38 4.4. Children of Men (Djeca čovječanstva) ...................................................................... 40 4.4.1. O filmu ............................................................................................................... 40 4.4.2. Slobodna kamera ili kamera iz ruke ................................................................... 41 4.5. Children of Men (kamera na steadicamu) ................................................................. 45 4.5.1. Scena u autu ....................................................................................................... 45 4.5.2. Tijek scene .......................................................................................................... 47 4.6. The Wonder list ......................................................................................................... 53 4.6.1. O filmu .................................................................................................................... 53 4.6.2. Dron – bespilotna letjelica ...................................................................................... 54 5. ANALIZA VLASTITOG FILMA .................................................................................... 56 5.1. Scenarij ...................................................................................................................... 56 5.2. Analiza pokreta kamere ............................................................................................. 58 5.2.1. Okomita panorama ............................................................................................. 58 5.2.2. Kran .................................................................................................................... 59 5.2.3. Slider .................................................................................................................. 61 5.2.4. Panorama ............................................................................................................ 62 5.2.5. Dolly ................................................................................................................... 63 5.2.6. Zoom .................................................................................................................. 65 5.2.7. Kamera iz ruke ................................................................................................... 67 6. ZAKLJUČAK ................................................................................................................... 70 7. LITERATURA ................................................................................................................. 71 8. POPIS SLIKA ................................................................................................................... 74 PREDGOVOR Zahvaljujem obitelji i prijateljima
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