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Flora of New Zealand Ferns and Lycophytes Pteridaceae Pj Brownsey

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Flora of New Zealand Ferns and Lycophytes Pteridaceae Pj Brownsey FLORA OF NEW ZEALAND FERNS AND LYCOPHYTES PTERIDACEAE P.J. BROWNSEY & L.R. PERRIE Fascicle 30 – JUNE 2021 © Landcare Research New Zealand Limited 2021. Unless indicated otherwise for specific items, this copyright work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence Attribution if redistributing to the public without adaptation: "Source: Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research" Attribution if making an adaptation or derivative work: "Sourced from Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research" See Image Information for copyright and licence details for images. CATALOGUING IN PUBLICATION Brownsey, P. J. (Patrick John), 1948– Flora of New Zealand : ferns and lycophytes. Fascicle 30, Pteridaceae / P.J. Brownsey and L.R. Perrie. -- Lincoln, N.Z.: Manaaki Whenua Press, 2021. 1 online resource ISBN 978-0-947525-72-9 (pdf) ISBN 978-0-478-34761-6 (set) 1.Ferns -- New Zealand – Identification. I. Perrie, L. R. (Leon Richard). II. Title. III. Manaaki Whenua- Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd. UDC 582.394.742(931) DC 587.30993 DOI: 10.7931/dtkj-x078 This work should be cited as: Brownsey, P.J. & Perrie, L.R. 2021: Pteridaceae. In: Breitwieser, I. (ed.) Flora of New Zealand — Ferns and Lycophytes. Fascicle 30. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln. http://dx.doi.org/10.7931/dtkj-x078 Date submitted: 10 Aug 2020; Date accepted: 13 Oct 2020; Date published: 8 June 2021 Cover image: Pteris macilenta. Adaxial surface of 2-pinnate-pinnatifid frond, with basal secondary pinnae on basal primary pinnae clearly stalked. Contents Introduction..............................................................................................................................................1 Taxa Pteridaceae E.D.M.Kirchn. ................................................................................................................ 2 Adiantum L. ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Adiantum aethiopicum L. ................................................................................................................... 5 Adiantum capillus-veneris L. ..............................................................................................................7 Adiantum cunninghamii Hook. ...........................................................................................................9 Adiantum diaphanum Blume ........................................................................................................... 12 Adiantum formosum R.Br. ............................................................................................................... 15 Adiantum fulvum Raoul ................................................................................................................... 18 Adiantum hispidulum Sw. ................................................................................................................ 20 Adiantum raddianum C.Presl ...........................................................................................................23 Anogramma Link ............................................................................................................................. 25 Anogramma leptophylla (L.) Link .....................................................................................................26 Cheilanthes Sw. ...............................................................................................................................29 Cheilanthes distans (R.Br.) Mett. .....................................................................................................30 Cheilanthes sieberi Kunze ...............................................................................................................32 Cheilanthes sieberi Kunze subsp. sieberi ........................................................................................32 Cheilanthes viridis (Forssk.) Sw. ..................................................................................................... 35 Myriopteris Fée ................................................................................................................................36 Myriopteris lendigera (Cav.) Fée. .................................................................................................... 37 Pellaea Link ..................................................................................................................................... 38 Pellaea calidirupium Brownsey & Lovis ...........................................................................................39 Pellaea rotundifolia (G.Forst.) Hook. ............................................................................................... 42 Pteris L. ........................................................................................................................................... 45 Pteris argyraea T.Moore .................................................................................................................. 47 Pteris carsei Braggins & Brownsey ................................................................................................. 48 Pteris cretica L. ................................................................................................................................51 Pteris dentata Forssk. ......................................................................................................................53 Pteris epaleata D.J.Ohlsen ..............................................................................................................55 Pteris macilenta A.Rich. .................................................................................................................. 56 Pteris multifida Poir. .........................................................................................................................59 Pteris pacifica Hieron. ......................................................................................................................60 Pteris parkeri hort. ex J.J.Parker ..................................................................................................... 61 Pteris saxatilis (Carse) Carse .......................................................................................................... 62 Pteris tremula R.Br. ......................................................................................................................... 65 Pteris vittata L. .................................................................................................................................67 References ........................................................................................................................................... 70 Acknowledgements ...............................................................................................................................76 Maps .....................................................................................................................................................77 Index .....................................................................................................................................................79 Image Information .................................................................................................................................80 Introduction Pteridaceae is a large family that is almost cosmopolitan in distribution, but has its greatest diversity in the tropics and in arid regions. It is represented in New Zealand by five indigenous genera (Adiantum, Anogramma, Cheilanthes, Pellaea, Pteris) and 16 indigenous species, five of which are endemic, and another ten that are fully naturalised or casual. In addition there is a wholly naturalised genus, Myriopteris with a single species. Members of Pteridaceae in New Zealand are terrestrial species with erect to long-creeping rhizomes and 1–5-pinnate fronds. The sori are either completely unprotected and extend along the veins, or are marginal and protected by the modified inrolled lamina margin. All species have trilete spores. Adiantum includes six indigenous species, two of them endemic, and another two naturalised, all characterised by their polished dark brown stipes, flabellate or oblong ultimate lamina segments, and sori protected by reniform or oblong reflexed lamina flaps. Anogramma leptophylla is the sole species of the genus in New Zealand, distinguished by its small delicate laminae, and unprotected sori extending along the veins. Cheilanthes is represented by two indigenous and one casual species, having small to medium-sized, 2–3-pinnate fronds, and elongated marginal sori protected by inrolled pinna margins. Pellaea has two non-endemic indigenous species, with long-creeping rhizomes, pinnate fronds, scaly stipes and rachises, and scarcely protected sori almost continuous around the pinna margins. Pteris comprises five indigenous species, three of them endemic, and seven naturalised or casual species, with medium to large, 1–4-pinnate fronds, and sori continuous along the pinna edges, protected by membranous inrolled pinna margins. Most species of Pteridaceae in New Zealand occur more frequently in northern or eastern parts of the country. Adiantum cunninghamii and Pellaea rotundifolia are unusual in being widespread species. Adiantum aethiopicum, A. diaphanum, A. fulvum, A. hispidulum, P. macilenta, P. saxatilis and P. tremula have a mainly northern distribution extending only to northern parts of the South Island,
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