Illegal Aquatic Plant Species in Vermont Vermont Law Prohibits the Movement, Sale, And/Or Distribution of These 15 Aquatic Species

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Illegal Aquatic Plant Species in Vermont Vermont Law Prohibits the Movement, Sale, And/Or Distribution of These 15 Aquatic Species Illegal Aquatic Plant Species in Vermont Vermont law prohibits the movement, sale, and/or distribution of these 15 aquatic species. For species marked with an *, their possession and/or cultivation is also illegal. Scientific Name Common Names P E fanwort, green cabomba, Carolina fanwort, Carolina water-shield, fish- D e n Gray i *Cabomba caroliniana a grass, Washington-grass, Washington plant M Brazilian elodea, giant or leafy elodea, waterweed, anacharis, anacharis densa, anacharis canadensis gigantea, elodea canadensis gigantea, *Egeria densa Planch. Brazilian or South American waterweed, oxygen weed, common, giant, or VTDEC densa waterweed, egeria *Hydrilla verticillata hydrilla, Florida elodea, oxygen weed, water thyme, waterweed, star (L.f. Royle) vine, oxygen plant VTDEC VTDEC Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. European frogbit, common frogbit, water poppy, kilpukka, floating frogbit East Indian hygrophila, dwarf hygrophila, ceylon, hygro, Indian water *Hygrophila polysperma star, Indian swampweed, Miramar weed, green hygro, oriental ludwigia, (Roxb.) T. Anderson hygrophila, tropic sun, sunset hygro, roseanvig er l s parrot(‘s) feather, Brazilian milfoil, parrot feather watermilfoil, thread-of-life, es *Myriophyllum aquaticum r water-feather, green foxtail, golden myriophyllum, foxtail, myriophyllum rry D (Vell.) Verdc. e K proserpinacoides, myriophyllum brasiliense, myriophyllum aquatica *Myriophyllum heterophyllum variable-leaved watermilfoil, two-leaf watermilfoil, variable watermilfoil, red Michx. myrio, myriophyllum sp., myriophyllum pinnatum, green or red foxtail VTDEC Myriophyllum spicatum L. Eurasian watermilfoil, spike(d) watermilfoil, foxtail, myriophyllum sp., milfoil VTDEC f hof c l Yellow floating heart, asaza, entire marshwort, floating heart, fringed Nymphoides peltata a M rk (Gmel) Ktze. a water lily, water fringe, water snowflake M e d i u g D I d e e L. w Potamogeton crispus Curly leaf pondweed, curly pondweed, curled pondweed, crispus h c e T A V *Salvinia auriculata Aublet s i r r Giant or common salvinia, butterfly fern, Koi kandy, water fern, o N *Salvinia herzogii de la Sota a c c (aquarium) water moss, water velvet, Karibaweed, salvinia, floating e b *Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitch. e R moss, water spangles, Africal payal or pyle *Salvinia biloba Radii Trapa natans L. Water chestnut, European water chestnut, water caltrope VTDEC If you have any of these aquatic plants Water Quality Division DO NOT dump them into any waterbody! Plant Pathology and Entomology Section 103 South Main St. 10 N Dispose of them by freezing or drying 103 South Main St. Waterbury, VT 05671-0408 before putting them in the trash. Waterbury, VT 05671-0101 (802) 241-3777 (802) 244-4510 www.vtwaterquality.org D:/Quarantine Rule Projects/Plant Trade Industry 04 Work/Prohibited list.doc www.vermontagriculture.com/CAPS/index.html.
Recommended publications
  • Elodea Genus: Egeria Or Elodea Family: Hydrocharitaceae Order: Hydrocharitales Class: Liliopsida Phylum: Magnoliophyta Kingdom: Plantae
    Elodea Genus: Egeria or Elodea Family: Hydrocharitaceae Order: Hydrocharitales Class: Liliopsida Phylum: Magnoliophyta Kingdom: Plantae Conditions for Customer Ownership We hold permits allowing us to transport these organisms. To access permit conditions, click here. Never purchase living specimens without having a disposition strategy in place. The USDA does not require any special permits to ship and/or receive Elodea except in Puerto Rico, where shipment of aquatic plants is prohibited. However, in order to continue to protect our environment, you must house your Elodea in an aquarium. Under no circumstances should you release your Elodea into the wild. Primary Hazard Considerations Always wash your hands thoroughly before and after you handle your Elodea, or anything it has touched. Availability Elodea is available year round. Elodea should arrive with a green color, it should not be yellow or “slimy.” • Elodea canadensis—Usually bright green with three leaves that form whorls around the stem. The whorls compact as they get closer to the tip. Found completely submerged. Is generally a thinner species of Elodea. Has a degree of seasonality May–June. • Egeria densa—Usually bright green with small strap-shaped leaves with fine saw teeth. 3–6 leaves form whorls around the stem and compact as they get closer to the tip. Usually can grow to be a foot or two long. Is thicker and bushier than E. canadensis. Elodea arrives in a sealed plastic bag. Upon arrival, this should be opened and Elodea should be kept moist, or it should be placed in a habitat. For short term storage (1–2 weeks), Elodea should be placed in its bag into the refriger- ator (4 °C).
    [Show full text]
  • Abiotic Factors, Not Herbivorous Pressure, Are Primarily Responsible
    Abiotic factors, not herbivorous pressure, are primarily responsible for the performance of an invasive aquatic plant Marcio Jose Silveira, Simon Chollet, Gabrielle Thiébaut, Sidinei Magela Thomaz To cite this version: Marcio Jose Silveira, Simon Chollet, Gabrielle Thiébaut, Sidinei Magela Thomaz. Abiotic fac- tors, not herbivorous pressure, are primarily responsible for the performance of an invasive aquatic plant. Annales de Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology, EDP sciences, 2018, 54, pp.12. 10.1051/limn/2018002. hal-01769649 HAL Id: hal-01769649 https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01769649 Submitted on 12 May 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim. 2018, 54, 12 Available online at: © EDP Sciences, 2018 www.limnology-journal.org https://doi.org/10.1051/limn/2018002 RESEARCH ARTICLE Abiotic factors, not herbivorous pressure, are primarily responsible for the performance of an invasive aquatic plant Márcio José Silveira1,2,*, Simon Chollet2, Gabrielle Thiébaut2 and Sidinei Magela Thomaz1 1 Universidade Estadualde Maringá À UEM Research Group Ichthyology Aquaculture À Nupelia, Av Colombo 5790 Cep 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil 2Laboratoire Ecosystemes, Biodiversite,́ Evolution (ECOBIO), UMR 6553 CNRS, University of Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France Received: 8 August 2017; Accepted: 17 January 2018 Abstract – Morphological performance of invasive plants can be determined by abiotic factors (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • LIFE HISTORY of EGERIA DENSA in the DELTA: FACTORS CONTROLLING PRODUCTION & FRAGMENT VIABILITY Project Information
    LIFE HISTORY OF EGERIA DENSA IN THE DELTA: FACTORS CONTROLLING PRODUCTION & FRAGMENT VIABILITY Project Information 1. Proposal Title: LIFE HISTORY OF EGERIA DENSA IN THE DELTA: FACTORS CONTROLLING PRODUCTION & FRAGMENT VIABILITY 2. Proposal applicants: Mark Sytsma, Portland State University Toni Pennington, Portland State University 3. Corresponding Contact Person: Mark Sytsma Portland State University PO Box 751 ESR Portland, OR 97207-0751 503 725-3833 [email protected] 4. Project Keywords: Aquatic Plants Limnology Nonnative Invasive Species 5. Type of project: Research 6. Does the project involve land acquisition, either in fee or through a conservation easement? No 7. Topic Area: Non-Native Invasive Species 8. Type of applicant: University 9. Location - GIS coordinates: Latitude: 38.0413284 Longitude: -121.6026611 Datum: Describe project location using information such as water bodies, river miles, road intersections, landmarks, and size in acres. Franks Tract and its associated tributaries are located in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta in California approximately 15 miles West of Stockton, California and immediately borderd on the Sw by Bethel Island. It is approximately 3300 acres. 10. Location - Ecozone: 1.4 Central and West Delta 11. Location - County: Contra Costa 12. Location - City: Does your project fall within a city jurisdiction? No 13. Location - Tribal Lands: Does your project fall on or adjacent to tribal lands? No 14. Location - Congressional District: 10 15. Location: California State Senate District Number: 7 California
    [Show full text]
  • Reference Plant List
    APPENDIX J NATIVE & INVASIVE PLANT LIST The following tables capture the referenced plants, native and invasive species, found throughout this document. The Wildlife Action Plan Team elected to only use common names for plants to improve the readability, particular for the general reader. However, common names can create confusion for a variety of reasons. Common names can change from region-to-region; one common name can refer to more than one species; and common names have a way of changing over time. For example, there are two widespread species of greasewood in Nevada, and numerous species of sagebrush. In everyday conversation generic common names usually work well. But if you are considering management activities, landscape restoration or the habitat needs of a particular wildlife species, the need to differentiate between plant species and even subspecies suddenly takes on critical importance. This appendix provides the reader with a cross reference between the common plant names used in this document’s text, and the scientific names that link common names to the precise species to which writers referenced. With regards to invasive plants, all species listed under the Nevada Revised Statute 555 (NRS 555) as a “Noxious Weed” will be notated, within the larger table, as such. A noxious weed is a plant that has been designated by the state as a “species of plant which is, or is likely to be, detrimental or destructive and difficult to control or eradicate” (NRS 555.05). To assist the reader, we also included a separate table detailing the noxious weeds, category level (A, B, or C), and the typical habitats that these species invade.
    [Show full text]
  • (Egeria Densa Planch.) Invasion Reaches Southeast Europe
    BioInvasions Records (2018) Volume 7, Issue 4: 381–389 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2018.7.4.05 © 2018 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2018 REABIC This paper is published under terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (Attribution 4.0 International - CC BY 4.0) Research Article The Brazilian elodea (Egeria densa Planch.) invasion reaches Southeast Europe Anja Rimac1, Igor Stanković2, Antun Alegro1,*, Sanja Gottstein3, Nikola Koletić1, Nina Vuković1, Vedran Šegota1 and Antonija Žižić-Nakić2 1Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20/II, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia 2Hrvatske vode, Central Water Management Laboratory, Ulica grada Vukovara 220, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia 3Division of Zoology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia Author e-mails: [email protected] (AR), [email protected] (IS), [email protected] (AA), [email protected] (SG), [email protected] (VŠ), [email protected] (NK), [email protected] (AZ) *Corresponding author Received: 12 April 2018 / Accepted: 1 August 2018 / Published online: 15 October 2018 Handling editor: Carla Lambertini Abstract Egeria densa is a South American aquatic plant species considered highly invasive outside of its original range, especially in temperate and warm climates and artificially heated waters in colder regions. We report the first occurrence and the spread of E. densa in Southeast Europe, along with physicochemical and phytosociological characteristics of its habitats. Flowering male populations were observed and monitored in limnocrene springs and rivers in the Mediterranean part of Croatia from 2013 to 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • Brazilian Elodea Egeria Densa
    Brazilian Elodea Egeria densa seagrant.psu.edu Photo courtesy of Richard Old, XID Services, Inc., Bugwood.org Species at a Glance Brazilian elodea, also known as Brazilian waterweed, is a leafy, submerged aquatic perennial with populations of only male plants in the United States. Because of its showy flowers and oxygen generating capabilities, it is widely used as an aquarium plant and is still sold today under its alias Anacharis. Species Description Brazilian elodea can reach lengths of greater than 3 m (10 ft) and survive either rooted or free-floating in up to 6 m (20 ft) of water. The leaves are bright to dark green, blade-shaped, with very fine teeth on the leaf margins that are only visible with magnification. Leaves are densely arranged in whorls of 4-6, although occasionally they can be found in whorls of three. Flowers are large and showy with three white Map courtesy of petals, a yellow center, and three green sepals. They emerge above or at the water’s United States Geological Survey. surface on slender stalks projecting from leaf axils near the stem tips. BRAZILIAN ELODEA Native & Introduced Ranges Egeria densa Native to Brazil and coastal regions of Argentina and Uruguay, Brazilian elodea is found to be invasive throughout the United States and at least 27 other countries. The earliest record in the United States was in 1893 when the plant was collected on Long Island, New York. In Pennsylvania, it can be found in the southeast region in Berks, Bucks, Montgomery, Delaware, and Philadelphia counties as well as in Allegheny and Bedford counties.
    [Show full text]
  • AQUATIC PLANT PESTS Egeria Densa
    PLANT PEST CONTROL AQUATIC PLANT PESTS Egeria densa Why are we worried? Where is it found? Egeria, an oxygen weed, can form dense Egeria is abundant in Waikato and growths up to five metres tall and reaching scattered throughout the remainder of New the water surface. It is a nuisance in Zealand. In Hawke’s Bay it has been found recreational waters as it thrives in lakes in the Karamu Stream and is suspected to and ponds and slow flowing water. Stem be in a drain at Tamatea. fragments are spread by currents and boats from one lake to another and could What’s the best way to control the plant? be a problem for hydro-electric schemes. Torpedo herbicide containing diquat in the form of a gel is recommended. The gel is What does it look like? sprayed onto the water and as it sinks it • Egeria has a dense and more leafy clings to the plant. The gel must be used in habit than Elodea, Hydrilla or clear water, not in murky or muddy water. Lagarosiphon. Label directions must be followed. Contact the Regional Council for more information • Egeria lives on the bottom of waterways, on control. and roots in sand or mud. It can form dense growth up to five metres tall, reaching the water surface. • It has whorls of four to five leaves at each node. Leaves are up to 40 mm long by 25 mm wide, with minutely serrated margins. • The stems of Egeria are brittle and Photo courtesy of NIWA usually 3 mm in diameter, and the flowers are white, with three petals from 4 mm to 12 mm long.
    [Show full text]
  • Short Communication EGERIA DENSA PLANCHÓN
    Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 17(2): 209-213, 2010 (December) - Short communication © 2010 Bangladesh Association of Plant Taxonomists EGERIA DENSA PLANCHÓN (HYDROCHARITACEAE) : A NEW ANGIOSPERMIC RECORD FOR BANGLADESH 1 2 MD. ALMUJADDADE ALFASANE , MONIRUZZAMAN KHONDKER, MD. SHAFIQUL ISLAM AND M. AZMAL HOSSAIN BHUIYAN Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh Keywords: Egeria densa; Hydrocharitaceae; New record; Bangladesh. Hydrocharitaceae of Bangladesh is represented by 6 genera namely, Hydrilla, Blyxa, Nechamandra, Vallisneria, Ottelia and Hydrocharis (Khan and Halim, 1987). Under these genera 9 species have been reported so far. Another member of Hydrocharitaceae, Egeria densa Planchón is native to the coast of southeastern Brazil through Argentina. The plant was also cultivated as an aquarium plant and is now considered naturalized in the Eastern United States (Cook and Urmi-König, 1984). The plant material was collected through a limnological expedition carried out in a remote natural lake of Bangladesh namely Bogakain situated in the hilly Bandarban district (Khondker et al., 2010). Details of the sampling location together with the preliminary limnological condition of the lake has been presented in Khondker et al. (2010). Bogakain, an eutrophic hilly natural lake has a vast littoral. The sample was collected on 10 March 2010 from 1 m depth near the shore of the lake as submerged vegetation and transplanted in a concrete house (1 × 0.5 m, depth 0.40 cm) in the Botanical Garden, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka. Some fresh materials were preserved in 4% formaldehyde and few herbarium sheets of the material were prepared and preserved in the Hydrobiology and Limnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka.
    [Show full text]
  • BRAZILIAN ELODEA (Egeria Densa) Description: Brazilian Elodea Is A
    BRAZILIAN ELODEA (Egeria densa) Description: Brazilian elodea is a member of the Hydrocharitaceae or waterweed family. Brazilian elodea is an aquatic perennial herb that can grow in depths of water up to 20 feet. Stems of the plant are slender, round, simple to frequently branched, and 10 to 16 feet in length. Once stems reach the surface of the water they form a thick mat. Leaves are arranged in whorls of 4 around the stem, but whorls of 3 to 8 are not uncommon. Leaves are oblong to linear, finely serrated, and less than 1 inch in length. Lower leaves are opposite, while upper leaves are crowded and in whorls. Stems and leaves are bright green in color. Flowers, produced on threadlike stalks that float on or rise above the water’s surface, are three-petaled and white in color. Seeds are spindle-shaped and 1/3 of an inch long. Plant Images: Brazilian elodea Leaf whorl Flower Leaves on stem Distribution and Habitat: Brazilian elodea is native to southeastern South America and has been spreading rapidly to many bodies of water throughout the United States. The plant can be found in still or flowing cool to warm fresh bodies of water. The plant prefers shallow waters that are enriched, somewhat acidic, and quiet or slow-moving. Ponds, lakes, reservoirs, ditches, pools, springs, and rivers are areas where Brazilian elodea can thrive once established. Life History/Ecology: Brazilian elodea is a submersed, freshwater aquatic perennial herb that reproduces through vegetative growth. Plants have specialized nodal regions or double nodes that occur at intervals of 6 to 12 nodes along a shoot.
    [Show full text]
  • Dense Waterweed
    June 2011 Dense Waterweed Egeria densa WHAT IS IT? A submerged, aquatic perennial herb that thrives in shallow, nutrient- rich, slow-moving or stationary water Forms dense stands of vegetation that exclude aquatic flora and fauna Native to parts of South America, it was introduced to Australia by the aquarium trade Also known as: Brazilian waterweed, elodea, anacharis, egeria Synonyms: Elodea densa, Anacharis densa, Philotria densa, E. canadensis var. gigantean Dense waterweed - Robert Videki, Doronicum Kft., Bugwood. Org WHY IS IT A PROBLEM? Can form dense stands that restrict water movement, trap sediment, and cause fluctuations in water quality Blocks light penetration in water bodies, adversely affecting aquatic wildlife Eutrophication from decomposing plants can occur in warm conditions when water levels drop Dense beds interfere with water supplies, irrigation projects, and the navigation and recreational use of waterways Infestation of dense waterweed. Leslie J. Mehrhoff, Univ. Connecticut, Bugwood.org What are State Alert Weeds? These are invasive weeds that are not known to be in South Australia, or if present, occur in low numbers in a restricted area, and are still capable of being eradicated. An Alert Weed would pose a serious threat to the State’s primary industries, natural environments or human health if it became established here. All Alert Weeds are declared under the Natural Resources Management Act 2004: their transport and sale are prohibited (Sect. 175 and 177), plants must be destroyed (Sect. 182), and if found on your land their presence must be notified to NRM authorities (Sect. 180) – refer overleaf. DESCRIPTION Minutely serrated leaves occur in whorls of 3-8 on long cylindrical stems growing to 1.5 m long, which form dense submerged leaf masses.
    [Show full text]
  • Knowledge Document for Risk Analysis of the Non-Native Brazilian Waterweed (Egeria Densa) in the Netherlands
    2014 Knowledge document for risk analysis of the non-native Brazilian waterweed (Egeria densa) in the Netherlands J. Matthews, K.R. Koopman, R. Beringen, B. Odé, R. Pot, G. van der Velde, J.L.C.H. van Valkenburg & R.S.E.W. Leuven Knowledge document for risk analysis of the non-native Brazilian waterweed (Egeria densa) in the Netherlands J. Matthews, K.R. Koopman, R. Beringen, B. Odé, R. Pot, G. van der Velde, J.L.C.H. van Valkenburg & R.S.E.W. Leuven 16 October 2014 Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research FLORON & Roelf Pot Research and Consultancy Commissioned by Office for Risk Assessment and Research (Invasive Alien Species Team) Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority Ministry of Economic Affairs Series of Reports on Environmental Science The series of reports on Environmental Science are edited and published by the Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands (tel. secretariat: + 31 (0)24 365 32 81). Reports Environmental Science 468 Title: Knowledge document for risk analysis of the non-native Brazilian waterweed (Egeria densa) in the Netherlands Authors: J. Matthews, K.R. Koopman, R. Beringen, B. Odé, R. Pot, G. van der Velde, J.L.C.H. van Valkenburg & R.S.E.W. Leuven Cover photo: Brazilian waterweed (Egeria densa) at Hoogeveen, the Netherlands (Photo: J. van Valkenburg). Project manager: Dr. R.S.E.W. Leuven, Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands, e-mail: [email protected] Project number: RU/FNWI/FEZ 62002158 Client: Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Proposal for the Biological Control of Egeria Densa in Small Reservoirs: a Spanish Case Study
    J. Aquat. Plant Manage. 48: 124-127 Proposal for the Biological Control of Egeria densa in Small Reservoirs: A Spanish Case Study M. D. CURT1, G. CURT2, P. L. AGUADO1 AND J. FERNÁNDEZ1 INTRODUCTION (Germany). These authors state that E. densa is currently nat- uralized in at least 27 countries around the world in subtrop- Egeria densa Planchon (Hydrocharitaceae), commonly ical and temperate regions. In an assessment of the risk known as Brazilian elodea or common waterweed, is a sub- posed by Egeria as a pest plant in Australia (Csurhes et al. mersed perennial plant species native to south-eastern Amer- 2008), some features and invasiveness indicators of E. densa ica. The original geographical distribution of this species is are given a score; for example, the mark for its ecological ad- believed to have extended from Minas Gerais in Brazil to the aptation to lentic and lotic environments is 3 (in a range of 0- estuary of the River Plate. Today its naturalized range is 3), accidental dispersal is 3 (range 0-3), cloning is 5 (range 0- much more extensive as a result of the plant trade, having 5) and impact in water use is 2 (range 0-2). been sold worldwide as a water “oxygenator” plant for aquar- Extensive research has been done on methods of control- ia and ornamental ponds. ling E. densa. Overviews of the latest developments in this The ecology of E. densa has been thoroughly reviewed by field can be found in Yarrow et al. (2009), Csurhes et al. Yarrow et al. (2009), who discuss its biological characteristics, (2008) and GISD (2009).
    [Show full text]