ECO, the Evidence & Conclusion Ontology
D1186–D1194 Nucleic Acids Research, 2019, Vol. 47, Database issue Published online 8 November 2018 doi: 10.1093/nar/gky1036 ECO, the Evidence & Conclusion Ontology: community standard for evidence information Michelle Giglio1,*, Rebecca Tauber1, Suvarna Nadendla1, James Munro1, Dustin Olley1, Shoshannah Ball1, Elvira Mitraka1, Lynn M. Schriml 1, Pascale Gaudet 2, Elizabeth T. Hobbs3, Ivan Erill3, Deborah A. Siegele4, James C. Hu5, Chris Mungall6 and Marcus C. Chibucos1 1Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, 2Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA, 4Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA, 5Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA and 6Molecular Ecosystems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Received September 14, 2018; Revised October 12, 2018; Editorial Decision October 15, 2018; Accepted October 16, 2018 ABSTRACT biomolecular sequence, phenotype, neuroscience, behav- ioral, medical and other data. The process of biocuration The Evidence and Conclusion Ontology (ECO) con- involves making one or more descriptive statements about tains terms (classes) that describe types of evi- a biological/biomedical entity, for example that a protein dence and assertion methods. ECO terms are used performs a particular function, that a specific position in in the process of biocuration to capture the evidence DNA is methylated, that a particular drug causes an adverse that supports biological assertions (e.g. gene prod- effect or that bat wings and human arms are homologous. uct X has function Y as supported by evidence Z).
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