Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report

Project Number: 46496-001 December 2016

Republic of the Union of Myanmar: Transformation of Urban Management - Flood Management Component (Financed by the Japanese Fund for Poverty Reduction)

FINAL REPORT ANNEXES 1-7 (Part 4 of 7)

Prepared by International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM), Public Works Research Institute (PWRI) (Tsukuba, Japan) CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan) CTI Engineering Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan) PASCO CORPORATION (Tokyo, Japan)

For: Ministry of Construction and Ministry of Transport and Communications, Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, under the Ministry of Transport and Communications.

This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design). ANNEXES

ANNEX 1: SUMMARY REPORT OF MEETINGS AND WORKSHOPS

ANNEX 2: ACTIVITIES AND DESCRIPTION UNDERTAKEN BY TA-8456

ANNEX 3: LIST OF THE MEETINGS CONDUCTED UNDER TA-8456

ANNEX 4: SUMMARY OF THE COLLECTED DATA AND INFORMATION

ANNEX 5: DATUM LEVEL

ANNEX 6: FLOOD INUNDATION ANALYSIS OF MANDALAY

ANNEX 7: STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

ANNEX 8: FLOOD HAZARD MAPS

ANNEX 9: COASTAL FLOOD HAZARD MAPS

ANNEX 1: SUMMARY REPORT OF MEETINGS AND WORKSHOPS

1. Inception Meeting...... Page 1 2. Consultation Meeting for Risk Assessment ...... Page 9 3. Interim Meeting ...... Page 16 4. Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping ...... Page 30 5. Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping in Three Target Cities ...... Page 37 6. Final Workshop ...... Page 58 7. Final Meeting ...... Page 69

ANNEX 1: SUMMARY REPORT OF MEETINGS AND WORKSHOPS

No.1: Inception Meeting

Date: 16 September 2014 Time: 14:00 – 17:00 (Myanmar Time) 2nd Floor Meeting Room of Multi-Hazard Early Warning Center, DMH Nay Pyi Place: Taw Office, Myanmar

I. INTRODUCTION: The Inception Meeting among Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH) Nay Pyi Taw Office, other related Myanmar government offices and ADB Consultant Part II-A & -B for TA-8456 was held on 16 September 2014 with the presence of 38 participants.

Objective The objectives of this meeting are: (1) to inform the participants about the Part II of the Capacity Development Technical Assistance, Transformation of Urban Management (TA-8456) including its objectives, scope, methodology, draft work plan, expected major activities and outputs; (2) to establish a scheme for collaboration among the participants; and (3) to identify major issues and needs for flood management in Myanmar, in particular for the three cities (Yangon, Mandalay and Mawlamyine).

The TA promotes sustainable urban development in Myanmar towns by building institutional capacity of local authorities, leading to the prioritized needs-based provision of essential infrastructure. The TA comprises Part I: Urban Management (Yangon, Mandalay, Mawlamyine, Pathein, Lashio, and Monywa) and Part II: Flood Management (Yangon, Mandalay, and Mawlamyine).

The Executing and Implementing Agencies of the TA are as follows. Executing Agency: The Ministry of Construction (MOC) through the Department of Human Settlements and Housing Development, implementing Agency of Part I: The Urban Research and Development Institute, MOC Implementing Agency of Part II: The Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH), Ministry of Transport

The Part II of the TA aims to strengthen institutional capacity and sustainability of DMH for flood management by conducting a hydro-meteorological analysis related to floods in the Ayeyarwady River basin, a hydro-meteorological analysis related to floods and storm surges in the Yangon plain and the Thanlwin River basin, risk assessment for these river basins, and related training programs.

Expected Outcomes The expected outcomes of the meeting were:  Participants are informed about the Part II of TA-8456 Transformation of Urban Management and share their expectations on the project; and  Participants build a scheme for collaboration for strengthening flood management for Yangon, Mandalay and Mawlamyine.  Participants identify issues and needs for flood management in Myanmar.

II. SUMMARY OF DISCUSSION: 1 Opening Remarks by Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH)

Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH warmly welcomed all the participants to the Inception Meeting and provided opening remarks by introducing the TA-8456: - This TA is funded by ADB and would be executed by the Department of Human Settlements and Housing Development, Ministry of Construction (MOC). - The composition of the TA, Part I (urban management) and Part II (flood management), and

1 ANNEX 1

informed the participants that the Urban Research and Development Institute, under MOC would be the Implementing Agency for the Part I while DMH would be the Implementing Agency for the Part II. - For Part II, ICHARM and CTII are the technical experts. - The objectives of the Part II are (1) hydro-meteorological analysis related to flood and storm surge, (2) flood and storm surge risk assessment, and (3) capacity development of related organizations. - The Part II would focus on flood management of 3 cities, Yangon, Mandalay and Mawlamyine, which would require relevant data.

Dr. Hrin requested support of the participants to provide such available data as well as relevant organizations’ active participation and contribution for the success of this TA.

Dr. Hrin expressed her gratitude to ADB for funding, and experts from ADB, UN-Habitat, ICHARM and CTII for technical assistance through this TA.

Finally, Dr. Hrin conveyed her appreciation to all the related organizations for taking time and participating at the inception meeting.

2 Opening Remarks by Ms. Eri Honda, Principal Urban Development Specialist, Urban Development and Water Division, Southeast Asia Department, Asian Development Bank (ADB)

Ms. Eri Honda, Principal Urban Development Specialist of ADB extended the warm welcome to all the participants and briefly introduced the TA-8456.

3 Session 1: 3.1 Introduction of ADB by Mr. Osamu Kondo, Water Resources Specialist, Sustainable Infrastructure Division, Regional and Sustainable Development Department, ADB

Mr. Osamu Kondo, Water Resources Specialist of ADB introduced ADB including ADB’s vision, mission, and mode of operation, and described the region’s poverty challenges, outline of approved loans, ADB’s long-term strategic framework from 2008 to 2020, ADB’s strategic priorities for 2014 to 2020, and ADB’s water operational plan 2011.

3.2 Objective and Scope of TA-8456 (Part I & II) by Ms. Eri Honda, ADB

Ms. Eri Honda of ADB introduced objective and scope of TA-8456 (Part I & II), implementing agencies and the project period, and major outputs. Ms. Honda briefly mentioned that the issues to be discussed during the Inception Mission such as (1) establishment of steering committee, (2) collection of data necessary for RRI simulation and storm surge analysis, (3) coordination between Part I and Part II, (4) coordination with other development partners in flood management and (5) confirmation of TOR and work program.

4 Session 2: 4.1 Methodology and Approach of Part II (Flood Management), Work Program of the Consultant Services, by Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Flood Management Expert/Team Leader for TA-8456, International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM), Incorporated Administrative Agency Public Works Research Institute

Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Flood Management Expert/Team Leader for TA-8456, ICHARM introduced the following; - Overview of Part II, objectives, expected timeframe and organizations concerned;

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- Needs Assessment; - Flood and Storm Surge Analysis by RRI Model (for flood) and Myers Model (for Storm Surge); - Flood and storm surge risk assessment; - The process (flow) of risk assessment how risk can be estimated by hazard, exposure and vulnerability; - Examples of flood and storm surge risk assessment by showing results of the assessment of agriculture damage for the Pampanga River Basin; - Inundation simulation of anticipated damage for computation of anticipated amount of damage, such as how much damage will be done with or without counter-measures; - Image of the result of computation of reduced damage; - Organization of TA-8456 Team; - Introduction of ICHARM by showing its three focus areas of work - About the October 2014 mission (7-18 October)

4.2 Summary of Hydro-Meteorological Analysis: Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation (RRI) Model and Storm Surge Model, by Mr. Kazuhiro Nakamura, Coordinator/Flood Management Expert for TA8456, CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd. (CTII)

Mr. Kazuhiro Nakamura, Coordinator/Flood Management Expert for TA-8456, CTII introduced the following; - Necessity of hydro-meteorological analysis. - The TA focuses on flood and storm surge analysis, not Tsunami. - Advantage of forecasting future inundation condition with hydro-meteorological analysis. - Explanation of distributed hydrological model. - Explanation of features of RRI Model comparing MIKE Flood - Example of the application of RRI Model, Chao Phraya River in Thailand 2011 Thailand, Pampanga river in Philippine 2011 and the Cyclone Nargis in Myanmar 2008. - Necessity of data. The minimum requirement for the development of the RRI Model is only rainfall and ground elevation data; however more data could improve the accuracy of the simulations. - Required facilities for the modeling including computer spec and software (editor and GIS). - What the participants can learn from the TA.

4.3 Necessary Data for Simulation and Risk Assessment by Ms. Akira Watanabe, Training Expert for TA8456, CTII

Ms. Akira Watanabe, Training Expert for TA-8456, CTII presented the following items: - Request for the cooperation of the participants for data collection to conduct flood and storm surge modelling and risk assessment. - The TA focuses on the capacity development for hazard simulation and risk assessment. - Request for the submission of the “contact person” name sheet and the questionnaire indicating which data the organizations have. - Three different ways to submit/share the data, (1) by email to [email protected], (2) submitting the data during the October mission, or (3) by mail, deliver or fax to CTI Yangon Office. - The final submission date of the requested data is 24 November 2014.

5 Q&A and Discussion 5.1 Question and answers about the presentations

Ms. Khon Ra, Director of Irrigation Department (ID), Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation

3 ANNEX 1 asked whether the TA8456 would require the data for only for the target cities or for other areas, because the Ayeyarwady Basin is very large and the data may not be available for the entire river basin. Ms. Ra mentioned that ID has grid-based map index and requested TA8456 to specify which dams (or other water structures) to be collected. Ms. Watanabe of the ADB consultant responded that the TA would require the data (e.g. dams) for the entire river basin; however the TA Team is willing to discuss more details with the contact persons by referring to the data list which is included in the draft inception report.

Mr. Aung Myo Khaing, Assistant Director of Department of Water Resources and Improvement of River Systems (DWIR) inquired that (1) what the “river data” means, (2) which data could help the model to run better, (3) what kind of specific GIS data the TA would require, and in which format. Mr. Khaing mentioned that DWIR has topographic data, but it is not necessarily available in a digital format. Ms. Watanabe explained that (1) the river data would include discharge, water level and cross section, and (2) among the data listed, the minimum data required would be rainfall and elevation data (Level 1), however, for Level 2 or 3, more data would be required. Mr. Nakamura of the ADB Consultant explained that the rainfall data and elevation data are available for free from satellite products (GSMaP and SRTM etc.).

Mr. Khaing of DWIR pointed out that the TA might require higher resolution（e.g. 2m）of elevation data if its target would be urban management. The resolution (e.g. 30m) of what this TA proposes would not be still sufficient. Mr. Nakamura explained that this project would aim at capacity building and training, and not intend to develop a complete model. Mr. Khaing is being interested in Japanese models, and would like to have the manual of RRI model in hard copy. Mr. Nakamura answered that the manual in hard copy will be submitted to interested organizations during the October mission.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, Moderator of the Inception Meeting expressed his concern that the ADB Consultant would be able to get some data for Yangon and Mandalay, but it might not be easy to collect enough data for Mawlamyine. Dr. Khin invited the views of the representatives from Mawlamyine, however there was no specific reply from the representatives.

Ms. Watanabe clarified the planned process of data collection, indicating that the detailed data requirement would be discussed further with each organization concerned based on the information obtained during the September mission. Ms. Watanabe also clarified that the TA Team would only request the existing data (in the format of hard copy or soft copy). Mr. Sawano stressed that this TA would utilize the existing data only, and would provide the opportunity to discuss with the Myanmar counterparts on how it could be improved in the future. In this way, the requirement for the future could be identified, and the discussion could target the right direction once the time and budget would be made available.

Mr Jaiganesh Murugesan, DRR Specialist of UN-Habitat inquired (1) whether the TA would do flood and storm surge hazard analysis for these entire river basins, and (2) what the expected resolution of the outputs would be. As for Item (1), Mr. Sawano of the ADB Consultant explained that there are two steps in the process: (1) the basic analysis for the entire river basins, and then (2) the analysis with specific boundary conditions. As for Item (2), Mr. Nakamura of the ADB Consultant responded that the TA Team would clarify it during the examination of the available data.

Mr. Tin Yi, Director of DMH, suggested that the TA should target good/high resolution as the purpose of this TA is “Urban Management”. Mr. Nakamura, the ADB Consultant, agreed with the Ms. Yi’s suggestion and clarified that the higher resolution map could be generated with detailed topographic map, however what can be produced through this TA would be specified once the data availability is confirmed.

Mr. Bijay Karmacharya, Consultant of UN-Habitat commented based on their past experiences that there would be a challenge of the existing data gaps (data availability and quality) in Myanmar, and inquired how this TA would deal with it. Mr. Karmacharya also emphasized that,

4 ANNEX 1

although this TA would aim to exercise the knowledge transfer, it is important to connect this TA with the country’s actual plans on which measures to take to prevent flood disasters (e.g. frequent flooding of the Yangon River etc.) as well as the implementation of TA8456 Part I. TA8456 Part I would focus on the urban management and planning of such mitigation measures (for hot spots, for the protection of critical infrastructure etc.) would also need to be reflected. Mr. Sawano, the ADB Consultant, explained that Part I and Part II would coordinate, and the Part II would see what could produce with the existing data, and then how it could be made useful.

5.2 Major issues and needs for flood management in Myanmar, in particular for the three cities (Yangon, Mandalay and Mawlamyine)

Mr. Tin Mawn Kyaw, Chief Surveyor of Myanmar Port Authority (MPA), offered support for this TA. Mr. Kyaw expressed the needs to support on flood management for port areas in Yangon and Mawlamyine because the areas around the Yangon River have been flooded almost every year. Mr. Kyaw was keen to know on (1) how this TA would support flood risk management of these port areas, and (2) what the government organizations are providing these data for. Mr. Sawano answered that the TA would increase the understanding of possible cause and consequence for hazard, and would help the government agencies to understand particular risks, although the TA would not cover the implementation of any specific countermeasures for these flooded areas. Mr. Kyaw strongly requested the ADB Consultant in this TA to consider flooding around the Yangon River in addition to the TA’s initial objectives. Mr. Khin, Moderator also agreed to this point. Mr. Tin Mawn Kyaw informed that MPA had met JICA for the existing project on “risk management in Yangon”, and this JICA initiative would support this TA with some data.

Mr. Khin, Moderator of the meeting introduced the comments from Ms. Khin May Htay, Head of Department, City Development Committee of Mandalay about how people in Mandalay escaped from the recent flash floods that had come from the mountain to the Ayeyarwady River. Mr. Khin informed that though Mandalay had escaped from the flood, Yangon City suffered from recent intensive rainfall in a short time at one place, and from the overflow from the Yangon River. Mr. Khin expressed his concern about Mawlamyine city as it might be the similar situation as Yangon suffering from storm surge etc.

5.3 Establishment of a scheme for collaboration

Mr. Khin, Moderator of the meeting mentioned that nominating “focal person” in this meeting might be difficult for the participants as some participants claimed that DG’s approval is required for the nomination. Therefore, Mr. Khin suggested that the participants become a “contact person” and seek for the participants’ approval. Ms. Honda, ADB proposed that with these contact persons, an informal “network” could be formulated instead of “steering committee” to facilitate inter-organizational coordination and provision of policy guidance during the TA implementation. The participants agreed to the formulation of the Implementation Network which will meet on an ad hoc basis upon request by ADB and/or ADB Consultant.

6 Closing Remarks by Ms. Eri Honda, ADB

Ms. Eri Honda, delivered closing remarks by extending her appreciation to all participants for their active discussion and involvement in the inception meeting. Ms. Honda mentioned that today’s meeting would be just a start of this TA and the assumptions and framework of models would be adjusted to the Myanmar condition, especially given the data availability. Ms. Honda requested continuous support from the participants for data collection so that the TA could become useful for flood management in the cities in Myanmar.

5 ANNEX 1

III. AGENDA:

Moderator: Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, ADB National Consultant

Time Program 13:45-14:00 Registration 14:00-14:10 Opening Remarks by Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH)

Opening Remarks by Ms. Eri Honda, Principal Urban Development Specialist, Urban Development and Water Division, Southeast Asia Department, Asian Development Bank (ADB) 14:10-14:40 Session 1: -Introduction of ADB Speaker: Mr. Osamu Kondo, Water Resources Specialist, Sustainable Infrastructure Division, Regional and Sustainable Development Department, ADB -Objective and scope of TA8456 (Part I & II) Speaker: Ms. Eri Honda, ADB

14:40-15:30 Session 2:

- Methodology and Approach of Part II (Flood Management), Work Program of the Consultant Services Speaker: Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Flood Management Expert/Team Leader for TA8456, International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM), Incorporated Administrative Agency Public Works Research Institute

- Summary of Hydro-Meteorological Analysis Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation (RRI) Model Storm Surge Model Speaker: Mr. Kazuhiro Nakamura, Coordinator/Flood Management Expert for TA8456, CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd. (CTII) 15:30-15:45 Tea Break 15:45-16:00 (Session 2 continued)

- Necessary Data for Simulation and Risk Assessment. Speaker: Ms. Akira Watanabe, Training Expert for TA8456, CTII 16:00-16:55 Q&A and Discussion (1) Question and answers about the presentations (2) Major issues and needs for flood management in Myanmar, in particular for the three cities (Yangon, Mandalay and Mawlamyine). (3) Establishment of a scheme for collaboration 16:55-17:00 Closing Remarks by Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, DMH, Nay Pyi Taw Closing Remarks by Ms. Eri Honda, ADB

6 ANNEX 1

IV. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS:

No. Name Ministry Department Position Myanmar Side Department of 1 Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam Ministry of Transport Meteorology and Director General Hydrology Department of 2 Mr. Kyaw Moe Oo Ministry of Transport Meteorology and Deputy Director General Hydrology Department of Ms. Khin Cho Cho 3 Ministry of Transport Meteorology and Director Shein Hydrology Department of 4 Ms. Tin Yi Ministry of Transport Meteorology and Director Hydrology Department of 5 Mr. Kyaw Lwin Oo Ministry of Transport Meteorology and Deputy Director Hydrology Department of 6 Mr. Hla Tun Ministry of Transport Meteorology and Deputy Director Hydrology Department of 7 Mr. Hla Saw Ministry of Transport Meteorology and Deputy Director Hydrology Department of Dr. Yin Myo Min 8 Ministry of Transport Meteorology and Assistant Director Htwe Hydrology Department of 9 Ms. Kyu Kyu Sein Ministry of Transport Meteorology and Staff Officer Hydrology Department of 10 Dr. Tin Mar Htay Ministry of Transport Meteorology and Staff Officer Hydrology Ministry of Agriculture 11 Ms. Khon Ra Irrigation Department Director and Irrigation Ministry of Environmental 12 Mr. Ko Ko Maung Land Survey Department Deputy Director Conservation and Forestry 13 Mr. Tin Maung Cho Ministry of Transport Myanmar Port Authority Port Surveyor Ministry of Home General Administration 14 Mr. Win Naing Staff Officer Affairs Department City Development Deputy Head of 15 Mr. Aye Ko - Committee of Yangon Department City Development 16 Ms. Khin May Htay - Head of Department Committee of Mandalay City Development 17 Mr. Tin Ko Ko - Committee of Executive Engineer Mawlamyine Ministry of Social Relief and Resettlement 18 Ms. Win Ohan Mar Welfare, Relief and Assistant Director Department Resettlement Human Settlement and 19 Mr. Zaw Zaw Aye Ministry of Construction Assistant Director Housing Development Ministry of Agriculture Department of Agriculture 20 Mr. Min Lwin Assistant Director and Irrigation Planning Mr. Win Naing Myanmar Engineering 21 - Committee Member Htun Society Ministry of Agriculture Water Resources 22 Ms. Yu Khin Deputy Director and Irrigation Utilization Department

7 ANNEX 1

No. Name Ministry Department Position Directorate of Water Mr. Aung Myo 23 Ministry of Transport Resources and Assistant Director Khaing Improvement of River ADB Side Principal Urban 1 Ms. Eri Honda Asian Development Bank Development Specialist Dr. Khin Maung 2 Asian Development Bank ADB consultant Lwin 3 Mr. Osamu Kondo Asian Development Bank Staff Mr. Bijay 4 CDTA Part I (UN Habitat) Consultant Karmacharya Training and 5 Ms. Moe Moe Oo CDTA Part I (UN Habitat) Communications Officer 6 Dr. Kya Thi CDTA Part I (UN Habitat) Program Specialist 7 Mr. Laxman Rerera UN Habitat Deputy Country Manager 8 Mr. Jack Finegan UN Habitat Urban Planning Officer Mr. Jaiganesh 9 UN Habitat DRR Specialist Murugesan CDTA PART II-A Team Leader / Flood 10 Mr. Hisaya Sawano (ICHARM-PWRI) Management Expert Hydrological-hydraulic Mr. Yusuke CDTA PART II-A Modeling and Flood and 11 Yamazaki (ICHARM-PWRI) Storm Surge Analysis Specialist Ms. Yoko CDTA PART II-A 12 Training Coordinator Hagiwara (ICHARM-PWRI) Mr. Kazuhiro CDTA PART II-B (CTII Coordinator / Flood 13 Nakamura Co., Ltd.) Management Expert Hydrological, Hydraulic Mr. Takuya CDTA PART II-B (CTIE 14 and Storm Surge Modeling Yagami Co., Ltd.) Engineer Ms. Akira CDTA PART II-B (CTII 15 Training Expert Watanabe Co., Ltd.)

8 ANNEX 1

No.2: Consultation Meeting for Risk Assessment

Date: 18 June 2015 Time: 9:30 – 15:15 (Myanmar Time) Place: 2nd Floor Meeting Room of Multi-Hazard Early Warning Center, DMH Nay Pyi Taw Office, Myanmar

I. INTRODUCTION: The Consultation Meeting for Risk Assessment between the Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH), members of the ADB TA-8456 Part II Implementation Network (except 3 City Development Committees), ADB and TA-8456 Part II (A and B) Consultant was held on 18 June 2015. A total of 38 participants also included the representatives from TA-8456 Part I and JICA’s project “The Project on Establishment of End-to-End Early Warning System for Natural Disaster”. The meeting was chaired by Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH, and discussion in Session 4 was moderated by Dr. Khin Maung Lwin. The aims of this Consultation Meeting are 1) to discuss the importance and benefit of flood disaster risk assessment and 2) to discuss necessity of flood hazard assessment for flood disaster risk assessment.

II. SUMMARY OF DICUSSION: Session 1: Presentation on Importance and Benefit of Flood Disaster Risk Assessment Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of ADB TA-8456 Part II, presented the importance and benefit of flood disaster risk assessment with actual examples including importance of hazard assessment, and data and information for flood disaster risk assessment. Mr. Sawano introduced Japanese practice of flood disaster risk management and ICHARM activities in the Philippines. In addition, a flood hazard map was also introduced by indicating six (6) steps of the preparation of flood hazard map considering three phases of “Preparation”, “Production” and “Utilization”. In conclusion, Mr. Sawano provided suggestions for flood disaster risk management. These suggestions are; (1) Flood hazard maps should be formulated based on the evidence shown by flood hazard assessment and flood disaster risk assessment; (2) Data of flood hazard and disaster are essential in conducting flood hazard and disaster risk assessment; and (3) Sustainable system of data / information management accompanied with individual / organizational capacity is required to enhance the quality of risk assessment.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, Moderator of Session 4, requested for the ADB Consultant to provide information on the activities of designated disaster relief hospitals in Japan, as well as how they enhance their preparedness for disaster.

Mr. Reinhard Skinner, Team Leader of ADB TA-8456 Part I, asked if the local governments in Japan are also involved in data collection, and how the local governments are utilizing hazard maps. Mr. Sawano responded that the simulation is conducted by national and prefectural governments in Japan. Local governments utilize the hazard map to assist residents to prepare themselves for early evacuation.

Mr. Hla Baw, Organizer of Myanmar Engineering Society, questioned what the method and procedure for setting the target scale of flood hazard map are. Mr. Sawano responded that the target scale for hazard mapping and planning in Myanmar should be set by the Myanmar government, by considering various conditions including the results of flood hazard assessment and flood disaster risk assessment.

Mr. Bertrand Clochard, Urban Development Specialist of ADB, asked if the models in this TA considered changing rainfall patterns due to the climate change. Mr. Sawano responded that although this TA so far conducted the simulations without considering the possible impact of climate change, the RRI model could conduct simulations under various rainfall conditions.

Session 2: Presentation on Flood Hazard Assessment for Four Cities In this session, there were 5 presentations: (1) explanation of TA activities including training programs

9 ANNEX 1 by Mr. Kazuhiro Nakamura, the ADB Consultant of TA-8456, (2) presentation on flood hazard assessment in Mandalay City by Mr. Myo Tun Oo, a trainer of DMH, (3) presentation of flood hazard assessment in Yangon City by Ms. Myo Myat Thu, a trainer of DMH, (4) presentation on flood hazard assessment in Mawlamyine City by Mr. Zaw Myo Khaing, a trainer of DMH, and (5) presentation on flood hazard assessment in Bago City by Ms. Shwe Pyi Tan, Irrigation Department (ID) on behalf of Dr. Aung Than Oo, a trainer of ID.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, the Moderator of Session 4, congratulated all trainers of DMH and ID on their accomplishment through the training. He commented that in Mandalay, it is important to consider two reasons of flood damage, one natural cause and the other the residents’ choice to live in the floodplain. He also suggested considering the possible contamination from the waste water treatment plant in Mandalay at the time of flood.

Mr. Aung Myo Khaing, Deputy Director of the Directorate of Water Resources and Improvement of River Systems, Ministry of Transport, asked, in Mandalay case, (1) how many cross sections were used, and (2) if the map of soil type was used in the simulation. He suggested that the simulation results (inundation area) to be shown by overlaying with a satellite image of the actual inundation area. Mr. Oo, a trainer of DMH, answered that (1) only three cross sections in a rectangular shape were used, (2) the information of soil type was not required to conduct the simulation, and (3) such map was not shown in this presentation material although it had been prepared.

Mr. Aung Myo Khaing stated that in Mawlamyine area, there are three rivers, the Than Lwin River, the Javai River, and the Ataran River, and asked (1) if the simulation on these three rivers were conducted, and (2) if tide data at the mouth of the Ataran River was used. He suggested that the model performance in the calibration phase should be presented by using “Root Mean Square”. Mr. Khaing, a trainer of DMH, answered that (1) in this training, his target area was only the Ataran River, and (2) tide data at Mawlamyine was used as the boundary condition.

Mr. Aung Myo Khaing suggested that further calibration work should be conducted on the Bago case. In addition, Mr. Aung Myo Khaing asked (1) if the data of dam release was used, (2) what the downstream condition is, and (3) if any tide data was used. Dr. Aung Oo replied that it was the very first attempt to use the RRI model for the flood analysis for the Bago River basin, and it was their plan to continue the analysis including the calibration of the RRI model. Dr. Oo also mentioned that data check would be necessary as “current bank height” was set as 0 in the current version of the model. Dr. Oo explained that it was not representing the existing condition, and that therefore it would be necessary to obtain updated data and to input such data in the model. Dr. Oo answered to DWRI’s questions that (1) the dam data was not used in the current version, but would be included in the next step, (2) the water level data obtained at a gauging station was used as the boundary condition at downstream, (3) the tide data was not used in the current version, but the high tide effect would be included in the next step.

Mr. Aung Myo Khaing asked, in Yangon case, (1) if the tidal data was used, and (2) if the inland water flow was considered. Ms. Thu, trainer of DMH, answered that (1) the tidal data at Yangon was used as boundary condition, (2) this time, only river flood was considered. Ms. Htay Htay Than, Director of Hydrological Division, DMH, mentioned that the major cause of flood in Yangon is inland inundation, however this time the inland inundation analysis was not included in the training.

Mr. Sawano, Team Leader of ADB TA-8456 Part II, added to the comments of the participants that the accuracy of topography data is also important factors to obtain the reasonable result for flood risk assessment.

Session 3: Presentation on Current Flood Disaster Risk Assessment in Myanmar and Requirement for Future In this session, there were two presentations: (1) presentation on risk assessment in Myanmar by Mr. Chum Hre, Director of the Relief and Resettlement Department, and (2) presentation on findings in needs assessment for water related disaster risk management by Dr. Badri Shrestha, Flood and Storm

10 ANNEX 1

Surge Risk Assessment Specialist of ADB TA-8456 Part II.

Session 3-1: presentation on risk assessment in Myanmar by Mr. Chum Hre, Relief and Resettlement Department Mr. Chum Hre presented that between 2001 and 2015, there were a total of 195 flood events which affected 1,241,072 people and caused the loss of 1,642.33 million Myanmar Kyat (MMK). During this past 15 years, the assistance of about 690 million MMK was provided to the flood victims. He also mentioned that in Myanmar, there are four (4) guidelines for disaster management and disaster risk reduction, that are: (1) Myanmar Action Plan on Disaster Risk Reduction (MAPDRR), (2) Hazard Profile of Myanmar, (3) Institutional Arrangements for Disaster Management in Myanmar, Guidance on mainstreaming DRR in three sectors (Education, Health and Housing) and (4) Guidance Book of Township Level Natural Disaster Risk Management Action Plan. Mr. Chum Hre concluded that (1) the construction of Disaster Management Training Center in the Ayeyarwady Region will be completed and will open in September 2015 and the Centre can cooperate with the participants, and that (2) DRR projects relevant to flood in MAPDRR should be fully implemented.

Dr. Khin, the moderator of Session 4, mentioned that 1.2 million of people affected by flood events and the assistance of 690 million MMK in the past 15 years mean only 600 MMK per person. He emphasized that this amount needs to be increased.

Session 3-2: presentation on findings in needs assessment for water related disaster risk management by Mr. Badri Shrestha, Flood and Storm Surge Risk Assessment Specialist of ADB TA-8456

Mr. Badri Shrestha, the ADB Consultant of TA-8456, introduced the findings of the needs analysis survey of the organizations relevant to flood risk assessment in Myanmar and proposed to discuss possibilities of cooperation for risk assessment in the future.

Dr. Khin mentioned that he had been in discussion with representatives of hospital and public health organizations about Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). Current SOP varies among organizations. He stressed that these organizations should agree on, establish and practice SOP, if they plan to integrate themselves for flood response.

Dr. Khin commented that on the second sheet of handouts (A3), there is a summary table which indicates “challenges and needs for future improvement” for RRD, as “water resources management”. He asked that how do people from RRD run the water resources management and also challenges of unsystematic urban development, because those are conducted based on the technical knowledge (which RRD does not have the mandate of).

Mr. Sawano, the ADB Consultant, responded that in Page 2-9 of the original document (Report for Organizations Relevant to Flood Risk Assessment: Extract from the Survey Report on Needs Assessment), Question No.5 states “What should be improved for water-related disaster management in Myanmar other than the responsibilities of your organizations?” and Question No.6 states “Are there any other challenges in water-related disaster management in Myanmar?”. He added that the A3 size handout is the summary of the answers of the organizations relevant to flood risk assessment, including RRD. Mr. Sawano also mentioned that the report is now under review before the finalization, and thus any inputs or suggestions would be much appreciated.

Ms. Yoko Hagiwara, Training Coordinator of ADB TA-8456 Part II, further elaborated that Question No. 4 asked the challenges in assigned duties of responder’s organization, Question No. 5 asked the challenges other than the responsibilities of responding organization, and Question No. 6 asked any other challenges in general terms. Therefore, although urban development is not the responsibility of RRD, RRD answered it as a challenge for management in general term. Mr. Sawano proposed revising the wording from “Challenges / Needs for future improvement” to “Challenges / Needs for future improvement other than the responsibilities of your organizations”.

11 ANNEX 1

Mr. Wai Lin Tun, Assistant Director of Department of Human Settlement and Housing Development, informed that the name of their organization has changed to “Department of Urban and Housing Development (DUHD)”.

Session 4: Discussion on Flood Disaster Risk Assessment in Myanmar In this session, there were two discussion topics: (1) flood disaster risk assessment in Myanmar (what activities of disaster risk management are undertaken by the participating organizations, and what risk information are necessary for such activities and how to collect them), and (2) formulation and utilization of flood hazard map (what information the participating organizations need in flood hazard map, and what the appropriate scale of hazard for flood hazard map would be (1/50, 1/100 and largest flood in the past, etc.). Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, the Moderator of Session 4, assisted the participants to discuss the topics in English and Myanmar.

Ms. Khon Ra, Director of Irrigation Department (ID), informed that ID is responsible for providing irrigation water, and that it can provide the data of water depth and volume. She added that Department of Agriculture and Planning might be able to provide more information on this regard.

Mr. Wai Lin Tun, Assistant Director of DUHD, mentioned that they have urban service department, which is setting topographic map for towns, overseeing drainage direction, setting the urban standard and conducting vulnerability studies. Mr. Tun mentioned that these are their mandate, but that the capacity is not enough. It was reported that DUHD has housing data, but only limited amount. The housing data for the whole city is collected by CDC in each city. Mr. Tun mentioned that DUHD is now looking at the methodologies on how to prepare hazard maps.

Ms. Khon Ra, Director of ID, informed that the training programs which ID staff had participated since December 2014 provided the opportunity for ID to understand the requirement of data for the RRI modeling. Ms. Ra requested DMH and TA-8456 Part II Consultants to provide ID with hazard maps and related information for Mawlamyine and Yangon when they become available. Lastly, Ms. Ra mentioned that due to the climate change, there were flood events of high intensity, such as the ones in 2011 and 2013. At that time, the water level of reservoirs became very high in November, and the dam storage was almost full. It was required for ID to prepare the storage capacity to fulfill the needs. However ID could not receive the hydrological information. The rainfall data, which ID collected manually at the dam sites, were the only data available. The available data was not enough to understand the rainfall intensity in the future within the reservoir catchment, or the basin area. Ms. Ra pointed out that this lack of data makes the dam operation difficult for ID. In addition, Ms. Ra told that ID would like to cooperate with and learn from experiences of Japan on such dam control/dam operation.

In conclusion, Mr. Sawano, Team Leader of TA8456 Part II, encouraged that the participating members of the TA 8456 Part II Implementation Network continue the dialogue, and discussion on the implementation and future development of flood risk assessment in Myanmar.

Closing Remarks Mr. Bertrand Clochard, Urban Development Specialist of ADB delivered closing remarks. He congratulated trainers of DMH and ID for their great achievement to date. In addition, he also congratulated the participating members of the TA-8456 Part II Implementation Network at the meeting for their active involvement in discussions, particularly during question and answer at the end of each session as well as Session 4 “Discussion on Flood Disaster Risk Assessment in Myanmar”. He concluded by encouraging the participants to be engaged in TA-8456 Part II project on the continuing basis.

Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH, delivered closing remarks. She expressed her sincere appreciation to the participants for attending the meeting and sharing useful information for TA-8456 Part II project. She congratulated the trainers of DMH and ID on their remarkable improvement, particularly about the improvement on their knowledge of the basic concept of the RRI model, and the experience on preparing and delivering the technical presentation. She also emphasized that in order to

12 ANNEX 1

prepare hazard maps in Myanmar, additional detailed information such as housing data, flood damage data, etc. would be required. She requested the participating members of the TA-8456 Part II Implementation Network to collaborate closely with DMH and TA-8456 Part II Consultants for the preparation of hazard maps through TA-8456 Part II project. In conclusion, she expressed her sincere appreciation to ADB for the financial assistance and TA-8456 Part II Consultant for their technical assistance and guidance.

III. AGENDA: Time Program 09:00-09:30 Registration (30 min) (Meeting Chair by Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH) Welcome and Opening Remarks 09:30-09:45 - Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH (15 min) - Ms. Eri Honda, ADB representative - Mr. Hisaya Sawano, ADB Consultant

Introduction of Participants 09:45-09:55 Group Photo Session (10 min)

Session 1: Importance and Benefit of Flood Disaster Risk Assessment - Importance and benefit of flood disaster risk assessment with actual examples 09:55-10:35 including importance of hazard assessment and data and information for flood disaster (40 min) risk assessment Q&A 10:35-10:45 Break (10 min) Session 2: Flood Hazard Assessment for Four Cities - Explanation of TA activities including training programs (by ADB Consultant) - Presentation on flood hazard assessment in Mandalay City (by Trainer of DMH) - Presentation on flood hazard assessment in Yangon City 10:45-12:10 (by Trainer of DMH) (85 min) - Presentation on flood hazard assessment in Mawlamyine City (by Trainer of DMH) - Presentation on flood hazard assessment in Bago City (by ID) Q&A

Session 3: Current Flood Disaster Risk Assessment in Myanmar and Requirement for Future 12:10-12:30 - Presentation on Risk Assessment in Myanmar (by Relief and Resettlement (20 min) Department) Q&A 12:30-13:30 Lunch Break (60 min) Session 3: Current Flood Disaster Risk Assessment in Myanmar and Requirement for Future (Continued) 13:30-13:50 - Presentation on findings in needs assessment for water-related disaster risk (20 min) management (by ADB consultant) Q&A Session 4: Discussion on Flood Disaster Risk Assessment in Myanmar 13:50-15:05 Moderator: Dr. Khin Maung Lwin (75 min)

13 ANNEX 1

Time Program [Discussion Items]

(1) Flood disaster risk assessment in Myanmar - What activities of disaster risk management are undertaken by your organization? - What risk information is necessary for such activities and how to collect them?

(2) Formulation and Utilization of Flood Hazard Map - What information do you need in flood hazard map? - What is appropriate scale of hazard for flood hazard map (1/50, 1/100 and Largest flood in the past, etc.)?

Concluding Remarks 15:05-15:15 - Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH (10 min) - Mr. Bertrand Clochard, ADB representative

IV: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS: No. Name Ministry Department Position Myanmar Side 1 Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam Ministry of Transport DMH Director General 2 Ms. Yi Yi Nyein Ministry of Transport DMH Director 3 Ms. Tin Ye Ministry of Transport DMH Director 4 Ms. Htay Htay Than Ministry of Transport DMH Director 5 Mr. Myo Tun Oo Ministry of Transport DMH Staff Officer 6 Mr. Zaw Myo Khaing Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Superintendent 7 Ms. Myo Myat Tu Ministry of Transport DMH Senior Observer 8 Dr. Than Naing Ministry of Transport DMH Staff Officer 9 Dr. War War Thein Ministry of Transport DMH Assistant Forecaster 10 Ms. Sanda Wai Ministry of Transport DMH Senior Observer Ministry of Agriculture 11 Ms. Khon Ra Irrigation Department Director and Irrigation Ministry of Environmental Land Survey 12 Mr. Sein Min Deputy Director Conservation and Department Forestry General Administration 13 Ms. Ohn Khin Ministry of Home Affairs Deputy Director Department Ministry of Social Relief and Resettlement 14 Mr. Chum Hre Welfare, Relief and Director Department Resettlement Human Settlement and 15 Mr. Wai Lin Tun Ministry of Construction Assistant Director Housing Development Ministry of Agriculture Department of 16 Mr. Min Lwin Assistant Director and Irrigation Agriculture Planning Myanmar Engineering 17 Mr. Hla Baw - Organizer Society Ms. Thanda Wint Ministry of Agriculture Water Resources 18 Assistant Director Khaing and Irrigation Utilization Department Directorate of Water 19 Mr. Aung Myo Khaing Ministry of Transport Resources and Deputy Director Improvement of River Myanmar Port 20 Mr. Myint Lwin - Nay Pyi Taw Section Authority Ministry of Agriculture 21 Dr. Aung Than Oo Irrigation Department Assistant Director and Irrigation Ministry of Agriculture Special Sub Assistant 22 Ms. Khin Si Si Hlaing Irrigation Department and Irrigation Engineer Ministry of Agriculture 23 Ms. Shwe Pyi Tan Irrigation Department Engineering Surveyor and Irrigation

14 ANNEX 1

No. Name Ministry Department Position ADB Side Asian Development Principal Urban 24 Ms. Eri Honda Bank Development Specialist Urban Development Asian Development 25 Mr. Bertrand Clochard Specialist (Water Bank Supply and Sanitation) Asian Development 26 Dr. Khin Maung Lwin Moderator Bank TA-8456 Part I (UN 27 Mr. Reinhard Skinner Team Leader Habitat) TA-8456 Part I (UN 28 Mr. Hlim Tin Deputy Team Leader Habitat) TA-8456 PART II-A Team Leader / Flood 29 Mr. Hisaya Sawano (ICHARM-PWRI) Management Expert Hydrological-hydraulic TA-8456 PART II-A Modeling and Flood and 30 Mr. Yusuke Yamazaki (ICHARM-PWRI) Storm Surge Analysis Specialist Flood and Storm Surge TA-8456 PART II-A 31 Mr. Badri Shrestha Risk Assessment (ICHARM-PWRI) Specialist TA-8456 PART II-A 32 Ms. Yoko Hagiwara Training Coordinator (ICHARM-PWRI) Mr. Kazuhiro TA-8456 PART II-B Coordinator / Flood 33 Nakamura (CTII Co., Ltd.) Management Expert Hydrological, Hydraulic TA-8456 PART II-B 34 Mr. Takuya Yagami and Storm Surge (CTIE Co., Ltd.) Modeling Engineer TA-8456 PART II-B 35 Ms. Akira Watanabe Training Expert (CTII Co., Ltd.) Observers End-to-End Early 36 Ms. Ngwe Zin Hlaing JICA - Warning Project End-to-End Early 37 Ms. Yoko Ota JICA - Warning Project 38 Ms. May Salai Oo Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Superintendent

15 ANNEX 1

No.3: Interim Meeting

1. Interim Meeting Part A: Progress and Remaining Activities of the TA-8456 Part II

Date: 14 October 2015 Time: 9:15 – 12:00 (Myanmar Time) Place: 2nd Floor Meeting Room of Multi-Hazard Early Warning Center, DMH Nay Pyi Taw Office, Myanmar

I. INTRODUCTION: The Interim Meeting Part A for TA-8456 was held on 14 October 2015 with the presence of 29 participants from the Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH), Irrigation Department (ID), ADB and TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team. The meeting was chaired by Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH. The aims of the Interim Meeting Part A are 1) to explain the progress and achievements of TA-8456 Part II, (2) to discuss strategies for implementing the remaining activities of TA-8456 Part II, and (3) to discuss way forward and possible use of the project’s outputs after the completion of the project.

II. SUMMARY OF DICUSSION: Opening Ceremony – Welcome and opening remarks by DMH Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH warmly welcomed all participants to the Interim Meeting and expressed her sincere appreciation to ADB for supporting TA-8456 Part II (hereinafter as the Project) and to TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team for implementing the Project by conducing technical training such as four training programs and one follow-up training, and for actively discussing at several meetings on the flood management in Myanmar with DMH and other related organizations. Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam concluded her opening remarks by encouraging all the participants to actively participate in the meeting, and provide their comments and suggestions which will be important components of effective and successful project implementation.

Opening Ceremony – Opening remarks by ADB On behalf of the Asian Development Bank, Mr. Bertrand Clochard, Project Leader of TA-8456, delivered his opening remarks by extending sincere gratitude to DMH for their continuous and strong support to the Project, and to DMH and ID for their active participation in the training programs conducted through the Project. Mr. Clochard also welcomed all the participants to the Interim Meeting which will discuss the progress made under the Project since its inception to date. He also expressed his hope that the experience and knowledge to be gained through the training programs would be effectively utilized not only for the three target cities, Yangon, Mandalay and Mawlamyine, but also for other regions in Myanmar. Mr. Clochard concluded that ADB would continue providing its assistance to social and economic development in Myanmar through its projects.

Session 1: Presentation on the progress and achievements under TA-8456 Part II to date Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of TA-8456 Part II, presented the progress and achievements under the Project to date by explaining the overall summary of the Part II including methodology and approach, summary of the RRI and Storm Surge Models’ development and simulations, summary of the training programs on these models, remaining activities, and the way forward. In addition, Mr. Sawano presented about the utilization of satellite products for flood management activities by introducing some case studies of inundation analysis for the 2015 Cyclone Komen case and the analysis of extension of landslide dam observed by PALSAR-2.

Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH asked about the risk assessment: 1) what the contents of risk assessment will be, and 2) what DMH can do with the risk assessment and the output of the assessment. Mr. Sawano responded that the flood hazard map is a part of risk assessment and an output product which can provide not only the information of inundation depth, but also the important existing facilities and the facilities to be developed under future development plans in the covered area. In addition, Mr. Sawano mentioned that the flood hazard maps, the output of risk assessment, can

16 ANNEX 1 provide the information on inundation areas which can be utilized to calculate the number of affected people and/or agricultural damages in economic values in Myanmar. Mr. Sawano proposed continuing discussion at the Interim Meeting Part B: Risk Assessment (the meeting scheduled in the afternoon of October 14, 2015) about how to utilize flood hazard maps for future land management and future emergency activities.

Presentation on flood inundation analysis of Upper Myanmar Area by using RRI model by Department of Meteorology and Hydrology Mr. Zaw Myo Khaing, a trainer candidate of DMH, presented the results of flood inundation analysis of Upper Myanmar Area by using RRI model which was conducted to reproduce the inundation phenomenon caused by Cyclone Komen during the rainy season of 2015 in Myanmar. Mr. Zaw Myo Khaing concluded his presentation that there are several challenges to overcome in order to improve the analysis outcomes: (1) the requirement of a high performance computer to run the RRI model for a detailed and finer cell size model which covers much larger areas, (2) the requirement of river cross sectional data to obtain the better simulation results, (3) the requirement of additional observed rainfall data for the target areas, (4) the requirement to incorporate the type of soil characteristics in the model, and (5) the requirement of additional observed discharge data to compare the simulation results.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, a national consultant of ADB, asked about the challenges presented by Mr. Khaing, especially about the requirement of the computer and the requirement of additional data. Mr. Zaw Myo Khaing responded that in order to conduct the detailed simulation with a finer cell size covering larger area would require the computer with larger memory and faster processing ability of high performance. Mr. Sawano clarified the current condition on the capacity of computers at DMH that were used for the training purpose. The laptops which are currently available at Hydrological Division of DMH are considered to have specs reasonably sufficient for the Project, however their performance also depends on the resolution of input data and complexity of the model’s setting. Mr. Sawano also mentioned that even if there is no observed data, globally available data such as GSMaP can be effectively utilized as the first step in the RRI model analysis. However, for further analysis, it is recommended to utilize the observed data from the field, especially for the model’s calibration and validation phase. For example, discharge data from key observation stations/sections would be required to improve the model’s accuracy. Mr. Sawano emphasized that this is the first attempt to evaluate the requirement of additional data in Myanmar, and it will be further evaluated and determined through the actual activities such as the training programs under TA-8456 Part II. Mr. Nakamura provided advices on how to improve the simulation results in the future as follows. Mr. Khaing, DMH conducted the RRI model simulation covering the period from 15 July to 15 August 2015. However, it would be recommendable that DMH conduct the model’s calculation from the beginning of the rainfall event to the end of the event. For the case of Cyclone Komen, the calculation period from 1 June to 31 August 2015 would be recommended. Mr. Nakamura also advised that Mr. Khaing used ground rainfall data and NASA 3B42RT. It would be recommendable for DMH to also use GSMaP data which TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team had already provided to DMH, and compare the inundation depth and areas. Mr. Nakamura also recommended that, in Myanmar, there is an on-going project to install 3 weather radars, and in 2 to 3 years the data will be available for use. It is recommendable to fully utilize these additional data in the DMH’s future analysis. Mr. Sawano concluded that the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team is willing to continue discussing with DMH and ID about the data availability at present and also the utilization of these additional data to become newly available in the future.

Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH mentioned that the outcome of the RRI Model training is very promising while the training on the storm surge model may require additional support in order for the trainer candidates to fully understand the contents. Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam also raised her concern whether all remaining work items, especially the flood and storm surge risk assessment, can be completed within the project implementation period of another 5 to 6 months. Mr. Sawano responded that the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team would conduct the risk assessment as much as possible based on the available data. In addition, through the implementation of TA-8456 Part II, how to collect and organize the accurate data for risk assessment, and what can be done with the currently available data would be discussed with DMH and other related organizations.

17 ANNEX 1

Dr. Aung Than Oo, Assistant Director of ID suggested that, as Mr. Zaw Myo Khaing mentioned in his presentation, he also thinks that it is important to utilize both ground observation data with much finer resolution and satellite data. Mr. Sawano responded that the establishment of ground observation stations would be necessary, but it is not included in the activities of TA-8456 Part II, and should be covered by other projects. TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team would like to recommend that additional observation stations be installed in Myanmar, and their appropriate locations should be determined through the discussions with DMH and ID.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, requested ADB to provide not only equipment and capacity development, but also opportunities for the implementation of strategic field-based activities. Mr. Sawano responded that the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team will recommend the approach of how to record or utilize the data from field surveys, particularly, what kind of data to be utilized in the future simulation. In addition, Mr. Sawano mentioned that the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team would recommend DMH on what actions to be taken in the future as the next step according to its roles and responsibilities.

Ms. Htay Htay Than, Director of Hydrological Division, DMH, asked whether the RRI Model and the Storm Surge Model will be combined for analyzing flood hazards in Yangon and Mawlamyine areas. Mr. Sawano responded that this topic had been covered during the follow-up training on 12 and 13 October 2015. Mr. Sawano also mentioned that the trainer candidates of DMH had already learned all the necessary basic skills and techniques to develop the RRI Model and he suggested that the trainer candidates try to develop the model for the target areas or other areas first by themselves, and if they encounter any difficulties, the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team will provide advise on how to solve the issues and challenges. Mr. Sawano requested Ms. Htay Htay Than to first identify the areas in which DMH would be interested to be modeled in addition to the three target cities. Mr. Sawano informed that the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team could assist the trainer candidates to develop the model for the additional target areas.

Mr. Bertrand Clochard summarized that the three main challenges/needs identified by DMH, ID and Dr. Khin were (1) continuous technical support and training, especially on the modeling, (2) improvement of data collection and management, and (3) how to utilize the flood hazard maps for planning, irrigation, land use, etc. Mr. Clochard emphasized that he would bring these items back to his office and discussed them with other colleagues of ADB. Mr. Clochard also mentioned about the possibility that not only ADB but also the project of other partners such as JICA, SATREPS, and Korean Agency etc. could support DMH’s needs.

Dr. Yin Myo Min Htwe, Assistant Director of DMH asked whether the hazard risk assessment would be possible without topographic data for the target three cities. Mr. Sawano responded that the availability of the topographic data is essential issue not only for risk assessment but also for city management. Mr. Sawano emphasized that the topographic data should be managed by each city. Mr. Sawano also mentioned that the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team will prepare the recommendation on this matter.

Mr. Myo Tun Oo, a trainer candidate of DMH mentioned that the training provided them enough information on how to make the flood hazard map, but there was not much discussion on how to determine the target scale of flood for hazard mapping. Mr. Nakamura responded that the rainfall data of the 100 year flood which was provided to the trainer candidates of DMH and ID during the previous training will be utilized in the follow-up training program on 16 October 2015, and how to prepare flood hazard map with target rainfall/discharge will be discussed in the follow-up training as well. In Japan also, how to determine the target scale is critical. For example, in Japan, 200 year return period is selected for the areas in major cities, while only 30 to 50 year return period is selected for the rural areas. Mr. Sawano further elaborated that the target scale is one of the important items to be discussed at the Interim Meeting (in its afternoon session on risk assessment on 14 October 2015). He said that some methodologies for conducting statistical analysis for deciding the target scale would be introduced in the meeting. In addition, all remaining questions on the flood and storm surge modelling will be discussed and covered at the follow-up training on 16 October 2015.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin asked how to collect the necessary information for flood hazard mapping and

18 ANNEX 1 which organization is responsible for such data. Mr. Sawano responded that those questions will be the main topic to be discussed at the Interim Meeting (in its afternoon session on risk assessment on 14 October 2015). Mr. Sawano also mentioned that City Development Committee in each city should be responsible to determine what kind of information to be shown on the flood hazard map, while DMH is responsible for analyzing the hazard conditions. Mr. Myo Tun Oo, a trainer candidate of DMH added that most of information may need to be newly surveyed. He also mentioned that he only knows the data for the analysis of Mandalay which he conducted, but that for other cities, he does not know which data was used and how.

Ms. Htay Htay Than, Director of Hydrological Division, DMH, mentioned that for the storm surge modeling, only maximum and minimum tide data are available at the stations in Myanmar, and no hourly data is available. Dr. Khin emphasized the needs of flood hazard maps for the areas affected by storm surges. Mr. Nakamura stated that the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team will discuss and teach on how to create and interpret the hydrography for analyzing the storm surge during the follow-up training on 15 and 16 October 2015.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin requested ADB and TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team to provide the technical support for developing the flood hazard map of Kalay area which was badly affected in the recent flood. Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH also supported the idea and officially requested ADB to consider providing the technical support as it is very useful for DMH to gain more knowledge and experience through the implementation of this kind of project.

III. AGENDA OF INTERIM MEETING (PART A):

Time Program [Interim Meeting] Part A: Progress and Remaining Activities of the TA-8456 Part II Opening Ceremony 09:15-09:30 - Welcome and opening remarks by DMH - Remarks by ADB Session 1 The progress and achievements under the TA-8456 Part II to date

- Explanation of the progress and achievements under the TA-8456 Part II to date, which includes:  Overall summary of the Part II including Methodology and Approach  Summary of RRI and Storm Surge Model development and simulations  Summary of Training Programs on RRI Model and Storm Surge Model  Remaining Activities and Way Forward  Introduction of hazard maps 09:30-10:45  Utilization of satellite product (by ADB Consultant)

- Flood inundation analysis of Upper Myanmar Area by using RRI Model (by DMH)

Questions & Answers Suggestions/Comments

10:45-11:10 Break 11:10-12:00 Session 1 Continued 12:00-13:00 Lunch Break

19 ANNEX 1

IV. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS (INTERIM MEETING PART A):

No. Name Ministry Department Position 1 Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam Ministry of Transport DMH Director General 2 Dr. Kyaw Moe Oo Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Director General 3 Ms. Yi Yi Nyein Ministry of Transport DMH Director 4 Ms. Htay Htay Than Ministry of Transport DMH Director 5 Mr. Hla Tun Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Director 6 Mr. Tin Maung Nwe Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Director 7 Mr. Hla Saw Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Director Dr. Yin Myo Min 8 Ministry of Transport DMH Assistant Director Htwe 9 Dr. Than Naing Ministry of Transport DMH Staff Officer 10 Mr. Myo Tun Oo Ministry of Transport DMH Staff Officer 11 Mr. Zaw Myo Khaing Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Superintendent 12 Ms. Aye Aye Naing Ministry of Transport DMH Senior Observer 13 Ms. Khine Soe Oo Ministry of Transport DMH Senior Observer 14 Ms. Sandar Wai Ministry of Transport DMH Senior Observer 15 Ms. Thu Thu Nyein Ministry of Transport DMH Junior Observer Ministry of Agriculture 16 Dr. Aung Than Oo Irrigation Department Assistant Director and Irrigation Ministry of Agriculture Special Sub Assistant 17 Ms. Khin Si Si Hlaing Irrigation Department and Irrigation Engineer Ministry of Agriculture 18 Ms. Shwe Pyi Tan Irrigation Department Engineering Surveyor and Irrigation Myanmar Engineering 19 Ms. Htay Htay Win CEC Society Urban Development Mr. Bertrand Asian Development 20 Specialist (Water Supply Clochard Bank and Sanitation) Asian Development 21 Mr. Osamu Kondo Staff Bank 22 Dr. Khin Maung Lwin - ADB National Consultant Team Leader / Flood 23 Mr. Hisaya Sawano CDTA PART II-A ICHARM-PWRI Management Expert Hydrological-hydraulic Mr. Yusuke Modeling and Flood and 24 CDTA PART II-A ICHARM-PWRI Yamazaki Storm Surge Analysis Specialist Flood and Storm Surge 25 Mr. Badri Shrestha CDTA PART II-A ICHARM-PWRI Risk Assessment Specialist

26 Ms. Yoko Hagiwara CDTA PART II-A ICHARM-PWRI Training Coordinator Mr. Kazuhiro Coordinator / Flood 27 CDTA PART II-B CTII Co., Ltd. Nakamura Management Expert Hydrological, Hydraulic 28 Mr. Takuya Yagami CDTA PART II-B CTIE Co., Ltd. and Storm Surge Modeling Engineer Hydrological, Hydraulic 29 Mr. Yasushi Inoue Observer CTIE Co., Ltd. and Storm Surge Modeling Engineer

20 ANNEX 1

2. Interim Meeting Part B: Risk Assessment

Date: 14 October 2015 Time: 13:00 – 16:30 (Myanmar Time) Place: 2nd Floor Meeting Room of Multi-Hazard Early Warning Center, DMH Nay Pyi Taw Office, Myanmar

I. INTRODUCTION: The Part B of the Interim Meeting for the discussion on risk assessment was held in the afternoon of 14 October 2015 with the presence of 39 participants from Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH), member organizations of the TA-8456 Part II Implementation Network, ADB, and TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team. The meeting was chaired by Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH. The discussions, including questions and answers were moderated by Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, a national consultant. The aims of this Interim Meeting are 1) to explain the risk assessment related activities of the TA-8456 Part II, 2) to discuss necessity of flood disaster risk assessment for flood management, 3) to explain how to conduct flood disaster risk assessment, and 4) to request feedback and support from the participants for conducting flood risk assessment for this TA.

II. SUMMARY OF DICUSSION: Opening remarks by Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam warmly welcomed all participants to the Part B of the Interim Meeting. She extended her sincere gratitude to ADB for the financial support to the Project and the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team for providing technical assistance on hydrological analysis and introducing the advanced technologies. She stated that in the recent flood in Myanmar, DMH issued flood warning and flood bulletins. In future, DMH hopes to provide the information also necessary for risk assessment for National Disaster Management Committee and sub-committees. Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam encouraged all participants to actively participate in the meeting and discuss any issues for reducing flood risk and improving flood management.

Opening remarks by Mr. Bertrand Clochard, ADB On behalf of the Asian Development Bank, Mr. Bertrand Clochard, Project Leader of TA-8456, delivered his opening remarks by extending his sincere gratitude to DMH by providing its strong support to the Project and to all participants for attending the Part B of the Interim Meeting. He introduced that the meeting would focus on discussion about the flood risk assessment and the flood hazard mapping which could assist the local residents to become aware of the hydrological and meteorological hazard. Mr. Clochard concluded that with this project, ADB hopes to contribute to the social and economic development of Myanmar.

Session 1: Presentation on Brief Introduction of Activities under the TA-8456 Part II Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team, briefly introduced the activities conducted under the Project to date, including 1) a summary of the progress of TA-8456 Part II, and 2) remaining work items and their schedule.

Session 2: Presentation on Current Activities on Flood Management in Myanmar by Ms. Theingi Aung, Mawlamyine Township Development Committee Ms. Theingi Aung, Assistant Engineer of Mawlamyine Township Development Committee (MWTDC), presented its sub-committee’s efforts of reducing the risk of natural disasters in Mon State. She mentioned that in Mon State, flood and fire are the two priorities. She also mentioned that to prepare for disasters effectively in Mon State, a Management Body (Committee) was formed, with 33 members. Its duties and powers were identified and allocated, under the Order No. 90/2015 by the Central Government. To perform more effectively the duties which were endorsed by the Management Body of Mon State, 10 sub-committees were formed. The Director of Municipal of Mon State took the responsibility as a co-secretary in the sub-committee of Disaster Risk Reduction and Establishing Emergency Shelters. The Sub-Committee is composed of 12 members including representatives from Ministry of Forestry and Mining (Chairman), Road Department, Department of Irrigation, Department of Agriculture, State Manager Education Department, Religious Affairs

21 ANNEX 1

Department, State Medical Officer, Relief and Resettlement Department, Social Welfare Department, State Forestry Department, and State Municipal.

Ms. Theingi Aung also presented the damages caused by the Tornado in Bilin Township on July 30, 2015, including the damage caused to houses, schools, buildings, transportation, bridge and agriculture (affected farm areas). In addition, she also presented the number of affected people who were evacuated from flood caused by inundation of the Bilin River, as well as the relief and assistance for the areas affected by the tornedo. She mentioned that the Mon State Development Committee manages 10 Townships, but it is very rare to see floods in these areas unless torrential rain or storm surge cause them. In Mawlamyine, developments of 12 main drains are in progress. (She presented maps and photographs of the works of making drainage systems in urban area.)

Session 2: Presentation on Current Activities on Flood Management in Myanmar by Mr. Myo Aung, Mandalay City Development Committee Mr. Myo Aung, Head of Department, Road and Bridge Department, Mandalay City Development Committee (MCDC), presented the current activities on flood management in Mandalay city emphasizing that flood due to monsoon is the biggest disaster in Mandalay. He informed the participants that MCDC administers 6 townships, and normally, it receives the flood information from DMH. He mentioned that there is Mandalay Natural Disaster Management Committee of which MCDC is a member. At the time of a flooding event, MCDC conducts a rapid assessment in the flooded areas. There are lower areas which were easily inundated due to lack of proper infrastructures. Roads were also damaged. He also introduced a case study that MCDC is currently working on to increase the storage capacity of reservoirs and retention ponds in the target areas by connecting drainages between two lakes. He informed that the annual rainfall in 2007 was the record high. In addition, he mentioned about a project for assisting vulnerable groups for their preparedness and a survey with ADB to produce a topographic map. He mentioned that MCDC has been working on flood countermeasures.

Session 2: Presentation on Current Activities on Flood Management in Myanmar by Ms. Ohn Khin, General Administration Department, Ministry of Home Affairs Ms. Ohn Khin, Deputy Director of General Administration Department (GAD), Ministry of Home Affairs, presented GAD’s current activities on flood management. At national level, the National Disaster Management Committee was established according to the Natural Disaster Management Law on 14 May 2013. The Committee is chaired by the Vice President. Under the law, the National Disaster Management Working Committee was also established on 14 May 2015 and chaired by Union Minister of Social Welfare and Relief and Resettlement, while Relief and Resettlement Department (RRD) is the secretary, and Director General of GAD is the joint secretary.

At the state and regional levels, the Natural Disaster Management Law stipulates that the chief administrator of the state and region should establish its own natural disaster management committee. At the district level, the chairman of the disaster management committee is District Administrator of GAD, and at township level, the chairman of the disaster management committee is Township Administrator of GAD.

GAD conducts flood damage surveys including the ones for these cities.

Session 2: Presentation on Current Activities on Flood Management in Myanmar by Mr. Kyaw Min Oo, Yangon City Development Committee Mr. Kyaw Min Oo, Assistant Director of Yangon City Development Committee (YCDC), presented the current activities on flood management in Yangon city. Mr. Oo mentioned that as to the activities on natural disaster management, YCDC allocated its own budget to upgrade roads, bridges, drainage systems in Yangon city. This year, YCDC has received special funds for disaster management from the President, and YCDC has worked together with the Irrigation Department and the Public Works to implement projects effectively and efficiently. The project activities include building dykes, building new drains or catchment/retention areas near the streams, and conducting regular upgrade and maintenance activities. For the Moe Stream, YCDC is constructing small dams and catchments with their budget in order to improve the retention capacity of these areas, because there are residential

22 ANNEX 1 quarters lower than the stream’s water level. In addition, YCDC started constructing regular water control measures such as drainage systems according to the Master Plan for the development of Yangon City made in 2014 for 6 Townships in downtown. These control measures are effectively operated and inundation goes down very quickly these days when it rains. Regarding cyclone and storms, YCDC does not know the route of the cyclone, so, YCDC just needs to do what it can do at the time of these events. On Cyclone Komen, YCDC does not have disaggregated damage data. At the time of the flood due to Cyclone Komen, inundation must have occurred in specific areas, but YCDC does not have specific data of their locations. The Master Plan facilitated YCDC to implement these measures. YCDC collected rainfall data from DMH. Currently, YCDC is in a process of obtaining topographic map for Yangon City including Central Business District, Bahan Township and Mingaladon Township. Topographic maps will be also collected for another 6 peripheral townships. YCDC has a plan to expand it to 9 townships in the future. YCDC just started it very slowly. Next, water level including the tide of the Yangon River is considered. Then the YCDC uses systematic method to calculate how much volume of water is flowing into the River. YCDC looked at the rainfall intensity and divided the catchment areas in order to build drainage systems (such as widening dredges). However, YCDC has still not been able to build any pumping stations. In addition, since last year, YCDC has allocated their budget for the research on water levels of the Yangon River and setting benchmarks (already 60 benchmarks have been established). Mr. Kyaw Min Oo concluded that the measures implemented by YCDC have been effective and at the time of Cyclone Komen on 31 July 2015, there were no severe impacts within the 33 townships in Yangon.

Mr. Aung Myo Khaing, Deputy Director of Directorate of Water Resources and Improvement of River Systems (DWIR), Ministry of Transport responded that in Mon State, DWIR worked together with the Ministry of Water Affaires for installation of all the benchmarks of sea level in all towns, wards and villages. With these benchmarks, everyone could see the sea level which was very effective at the time of storm surge.

Session 3: Presentation on Introduction of Flood Risk Management and Risk Assessment by ADB Consultant Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of TA-8456 Part II, introduced the flood risk management and risk assessment including 1) what “flood disaster risk management” is, 2) Flood disaster risk management plan, and 3) suggestions for flood disaster risk management. Mr. Sawano also presented statistical analysis method and its utilization for determining the target scale of flood.

Session 4: Discussion on Flood Disaster Risk Assessment and its Utilizations Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, the moderator for this meeting, facilitated the discussion on flood disaster risk assessment and its utilizations, by asking the following items 1) flood disaster risk reduction in Myanmar, and 2) Flood disaster risk assessment in Myanmar.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin commented regarding the seven components of MAPDRR which was presented by Mr. Sawano that the 7th component “Public awareness, education and training” should not be placed at the end of the items. Rather it should be integrated into the other 6 components. Mr. Sawano responded that he believes that it should be emphasized more. He also added that, among these main components of MAPDRR, Item 1 (Policy, Institutional arrangements and further institutional development) and Item 2 (Hazard, vulnerability and risk assessment) are overall management issue which, he believes, administer the other 5 items equally.

Dr. Khin commented that in Mr. Sawano’s presentation on “Constructs of Disaster Risk and Its Reduction”, each component of “Hazards”, “Exposure” and “Vulnerability” are represented very well. Participants should understand these components well in order to be able to use flood hazard map. Dr. Khin Maung Lwin commented that, currently there are many lakes and retention ponds in Mandalay, however if there are less ponds with more urban expansion, there will be more risk. In case of YCDC, there is the Master Plan, but it is important to identify the requirement of retention ponds with the consideration of expansion of urban area. The participants are encouraged to think about how to reflect important items in flood hazard maps and how best the maps can be used.

23 ANNEX 1

Ms. Htay Htay Win, CEC of Myanmar Engineering Society (MES), commented that MES had established a disaster management committee, that MES collects data and information from natural disasters and conducts risk assessment with its engineers. It also conducts awareness-raising activities, and provides support to the people affected by disasters.

Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of ADB TA-8456 Part II, commented about the role of engineer that it is important to translate the numbers, such as rainfall intensity or discharge volume, into the actual meaningful message for public or local people to understand. In Japan, the engineers are also trying the best to elaborate the meaning of such numbers. Land use management etc. can reduce exposure, whereas non-structural measures such as early warning can reduce vulnerability. Mr. Sawano proposed that TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team to cooperate with the engineers in Myanmar on this matter.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin questioned about the building code which was introduced as one of the non-structural measures in Mr. Sawano’s presentation. Mr. Sawano responded that the building code is one of essential tools to reduce venerability. If the building is well structuralized or if the building is not located in the inundation area, there will be no risk. If the building code stipulates disaster-resistance structures, they can reduce risks.

Mr. Aung Myo Khaing, Deputy Director of DWIR (referring to Table 1 ‘Target Flood Scale according to importance of river basins’ of presentation material on utilization of statistical method for determining target scale), questioned whether all the rivers in Japan are already analyzed, and whether target flood scale is decided according to each river’s importance. Mr. Sawano responded that all rivers in Japan are categorized and that the target flood scale is set based on the category.

Ms. Htay Htay Than, Director of Hydrological Division, DMH informed the participants that DMH decides target scale depending on specific need of resolution. Dr. Khin mentioned that Myanmar, this year, experienced double flood events within the three months. Bridges etc. were severely damaged by these floods. So, the occurrence seemed more frequent than these target scales. It is important to understand these meanings.

Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH, responded that DMH had been working on this topic and flood hazard maps had been already prepared for some areas. The flood hazard maps for Mandalay, Hpa-an, Homalin, Katha and Kalewa are prepared based on a 100-year flood. Director of Hydrological Division, Ms. Htay Htay Than further elaborated that they use 25- to 50-year flood as well, based on the available data and flood condition. However, the results may be different depending on the methodology used for analyzing the distribution patterns, such as ration estimation, nominal distribution or any other forms.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin commented that the target scale is an important for not only the structures, such as bridges and road, but also relief and resettlement activities. Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH commented that they would like to develop the flood hazard maps similar to the Japanese version, and would like to conduct workshops to validate the inundation areas shown on the maps. Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam asked Mr. Sawano effectiveness of the flood hazard map, as well as how many cities or prefectures had prepared such maps in Japan. Mr. Sawano responded that the preparation of such flood hazard map is the obligation of all cities in Japan, which is stipulated in the law. However, each city does not necessarily have in-house engineers to conduct the hydrological analysis. Therefore, the hydrological and meteorological analyses are normally conducted by the national government or prefectural governments who provide the results of hydrological and meteorological analysis to each city. Based on such information, each city develops their own flood hazard map including the location of evacuation centers and evacuation routes. The flood hazard map is disseminated to all residents by the city. Mr. Sawano proposed to prepare more detailed information on this topic by tomorrow and presented at the workshop on flood hazard map on 15 October 2015.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin requested RRD to provide their opinion on “build back better” whose concept was introduced in the presentation by Mr. Sawano as one of the four priorities of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Dr. Khin informed the participants that for the recent

24 ANNEX 1 landslides in Chin State, most houses with simple structure collapsed easily while traditional stone houses survived. He raised a question how the victims could “build back better” and what the role of RRD is on the matter. Mr. Nay Win, Staff Officer, RRD responded that they conduct damage and loss assessments, and assist recovery for which the President has given guidance and support to RRD. On 13 October 2015, RRD organized the recovery forum and discussed the recovery framework with the advisory group for developing the recovery plan. RRD recognized that lack of access to necessary information and communication is the biggest problem; therefore, RRD works together with the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology. He stated that lack of people’s awareness and advocacy are also most difficult issue. For example, at the time when the flash flood occurred in the Bokoku area a few years ago, although a flood warning was issued, however no one evacuated because they didn’t want to leave their property. There are many areas where RRD doesn’t have access to. Without awareness, even if the government issues a warning, people refuse to move. Therefore, awareness-raising is important and should be conducted in an inclusive way. RRD encourages communities to increase their own members’ awareness because this is the only way to overcome the challenges.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin questioned that if it is possible to “build back better” in Myanmar. Mr. Hla Tun, Deputy Director of Hydrological Division, DMH commented that he had attended the recovery forum and would like to share the discussion about the “build back better”. The group has been working on sectoral planning for recovery. In the recovery plan, there were four sectors to look for recovery from their damage and loss. There were cross discussions among different sectors such as infrastructure, social, productive and agriculture. It is a plan to establish a recovery framework, which is another document to provide guidance for natural disaster management. Even in order to receive assistance from international organizations, it is necessary to have a plan and framework. Therefore, the committee has been working on developing the framework now, and the framework will be completed within a month, and will be shared with the international community.

MWTDC presented that the city does not have much problem with floods, but in reality, it does have floods and exposures to disasters, especially to any hazards along the coastal areas. With the climate change and the rise of the sea level along the Myanmar coast, Mawlamyine should consider floods more as an issue. Mr. Hla Tun, DMH, concluded that due to the climate change, southern states have to be prepared for the increased amount of rainfall and its impact. It is therefore important to take the climate change into consideration.

Ms. Theingi Aung, Assistant Engineer of MWTDC, commented that currently the city is not exposed to the flood hazard, however, she agrees that with the high tide and heavy rainfall with the effect of climate change, there would be a risk of flood. Mr. Hla Tun, DMH also commented that Hpa-an city is located along the Thanlwin River which could be affected by the serious flood if there is heavy rainfall although the river normally does not have much water. Ms. Theingi Aung, MWTDC, stated that the flood hazard map for Mawlamyine should consider not only the rainfall but also storm surge and sea level rise.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin questioned about the current disaster management plan for storm surge at Bilugyun Island in Mawlamyine. A participant responded that for Bilugyun Island, there are 10 sub-committees established which provide support and work with different agencies to protect the residents.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin invited Mr. Tin Maung Cho, Chief Surveyor of Myanmar Port Authority (MPA) to provide his comments on storm surge and tide information. Mr. Tin Maung Cho responded that the discussion today was focusing only on the river flood, but not much about the flood at the coastal area. With the sea level rise, the whole coastal areas would be impacted. MPA also uses data from tide table, and provides it to DMH. MPA uses it to issue warning, and invite media to disseminate the information. Mr. Tin Maung Cho also provided such information on their Facebook page to raise awareness of people. He mentioned that MPA had received support twice in the past to set up tidal gauge stations to date. In 2004 with DHM, MPA installed an automated tide gauge for measuring sea level in Yangon, but it worked for two or three months, and broke down in the end because they were unable to maintain those gauges. About two years ago with the support of JICA,

25 ANNEX 1

MPA established eight tide gauge stations in Yangon, but MPA could not maintaining them because there was not sufficient support. MAP suggested that they need more support, especially financial support to maintain such stations. Despite those drawbacks, every year MPA collects tidal data and provides such data to other agencies. As for the flood management in Yangon, there is a team of civil engineers to collect data, but they have difficulty in conducting the data collection. Mr. Tin Maung Cho encouraged all participants to think of coastal areas, including the areas along the Mawlamyine River and other rivers in the coast, because one should utilize not only the data of upstream (rainfall data) but also the data of downstream (coastal tide data). Utilizing both data could make more comprehensive analysis. In addition, Mr. Cho mentioned that it is important to establish better coordination among different agencies.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin commented that in Kalay Township which was badly hit by the recent flood, a bridge was washed away and another bridge was built to replace the old one without hydrological analysis based on hydraulic data. When the second flood occurred, the bridge was again washed away. If there was a flood hazard map and hydrological data, there was not such incident as the bridge being washed away twice. In addition, Dr. Khin Maung Lwin raised his concern on the reservoir at risk. He believes that it would be necessary to have a plan to manage it. Dr. Khin Maung Lwin also mentioned that it is necessary to cultivate people’s mind so that they get interested in research and building their capacity, but that such research would require tools to conduct. He suggested TA-8456 Consultant Team to visit the affected areas in Kalay and obtain relevant data in order to prevent further losses from arising. He strongly request ADB’s support on this matter.

Mr. Aung Myo Khaing, Deputy Director of DWIR, commented that Myanmar has received a lot of support from Japan to learn about how to produce flood hazard maps and associated trainings. The simulation results are depending on available data, and if the data is good, then the result would be good and becomes closer to the real world. Although there are reservoirs to manage the flood, there is an issue of sedimentation, changes in the capacity of rivers and social conditions along the river. In order to incorporate such conditions in the analysis, it is necessary to use more detailed and updated data.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin also commented about the data collection that it is important to have the basic data in different states and townships. He mentioned that General Administration Department (GAD) could produce such maps and can utilize the flood hazard maps. Dr. Khin Maung Lwin invited a representative of GAD to provide her comments on data in addition to her presentation in the previous session. Ms. Ohn Khin, Deputy Director, GAD, commented that some of the data are collected systematically, but not always. GAD tries their best to make it most updated and accurate, however it is not guaranteed, as there are the possibilities of lack of data.

Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH, emphasized that data is very important for any kind of activities or analysis that DMH conducts. In order to prepare the flood hazard map as part of the TA-8456 Part II project, DMH has requested necessary data from many authorities. However some of the organizations provided the data, but others couldn’t. Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam also commented that there are also needs to conduct the ground survey to collect data. As to the tide data, DMH has three sources which tide data can be obtained from. One is the tidal gauge of IOC (UNESCO's Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission), which has some system and maintenance issues to be solved, but the gauging station installed for the Mawlamyine River is working well. The second one is the tide data which are updated every 15 minutes and are disseminated via DMH’s website with the assistance of JICA. The third one is the ADM project which is a GDS system installed at Haigyi Island (it is not clear that the data from Haigyi station can be obtained from DMH’s website at this moment). DMH is maintaining all three gauging stations, and the tide data can be obtained via DMH’s website. In addition, there is an on-going project of the World Bank which will install tide gauges. If these gauges are installed, the data may be available.

Mr. Tin Maung Cho, Chief Surveyor of MPA, commented that in the case of Mawlamyine city, he was at the site immediately after the installation of the Mawlamyine gauging station, and tested it. He was able to receive the tide information from the website. The gauging station was installed to record the sea level in order to observe the sea level changes from the mean sea level. This is different from other

26 ANNEX 1 stations which are usually set at the zero (gauge) level. Mr. Tin Maung Cho raises his concern that as the basis of data is different, they cannot apply directly. In the case of Yangon, as the officer from YCDC had presented in his presentation, tide water enters in the Yangon River and cause floods. There are benchmarks which are useful to gauge the tidal water level in the Yangon River and to deal with the flood. Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH, thanked MPA to share the information with the participants. She added that in case of Mawlamyine a gauging station was installed for the Tsunami warning after the 2004 Tsunami. The sea level and tide should be related, but how to link them needs to be clarified. DMH will confirm at the meeting to be held at the end of the month of October 2015. Regarding the Haigyi Island, the objective of the gauging station is to observe storm surge, not tsunami. Mr. Hla Tun, DMH also added that the gauging station of Haigyi Island was also set at the mean sea level using a radio sensor. With this data, it is possible to analyze the highest and lowest sea levels. Dr. Kyaw Moe Oo, Deputy Director General of DMH, commented that this is rather a matter of sharing the information. The sea level gauge should be able to be used when looking at the low tide.

Mr. Tin Maung Cho commented that in the case of Yangon, the difference between the mean sea level and the lowest water level is 2.7 m. The number changes according to the places. Therefore, having the right knowledge, it is possible to apply the data accordingly. Mr. Tin Maung Cho suggested that it is important for DMH to be prepared and understand this concept, especially at the time of implementing the new project with the assistance of the World Bank.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin invited TA-8456 Part II consultant team, to comment on the discussion. Mr. Kazuhiro Nakamura, Coordinator / Flood Management Expert of ADB TA-8456 Part II, responded that in Japan, National Geographic Department establishes the first class benchmark point all over Japan and Japanese Coastal Department observes the mean sea level. The standard mean sea level of Tokyo Bay is set in Tokyo and called as “T.P.”, which is used for the river flood management in Kanto Region. TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team proposed compiling suggestions from the participants and making recommendations on this matter because this issue of the standard elevation is essential.

Closing Remarks by Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH, extended her sincere appreciation to all participants, especially the representatives from Mawlamyine, Yangon and Mandalay development committees for attending the Part B of the Interim Meeting at DMH. She mentioned that the presentations and the discussions at this meeting had provided the Project with very useful information. Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam also expressed her appreciation to Mr. Sawano and the other members of the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team for sharing the information of the flood hazard maps used and applied in Japan. Since Myanmar is aware that flood is a big danger, the flood hazard map can be useful for its citizens. With the ADB TA-8456 Part II project, the flood hazard maps will be produced for the three target cities, Yangon, Mandalay and Mawlamyine. For decision-making and actions, flood risk map or flood assessment map could be even more useful. Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam encouraged all participants to consider how the flood hazard map can be utilized at their own ministry or department. She also encouraged the participants to get actively involved in the discussion at the workshop on flood hazard mapping the next day (15 October 2015). Although this TA project will end in April 2016, she hopes that ADB will consider extending the project period and including other areas in the analysis. Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam concluded her remarks by thanking ADB for supporting and financing the Project as well as for TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team for providing technical assistance to DMH.

Closing remarks by Mr. Bertrand Clochard, Project Leader for TA-8456, ADB Mr. Bertrand Clochard delivered his closing remarks by congratulating the participants on their active participation in the discussion and sharing the useful information. In addition, he extended his gratitude to DMH for organizing the Interim Meeting and to all participants for joining the meeting in Nay Pyi Taw.

Closing remarks by Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of ADB TA-8456 Part II, Mr. Hisaya Sawano delivered his closing remarks by thanking to all participants for attending the meeting and providing their comments, feedbacks, questions and suggestions which were very useful to the ADB TA-8456 Part II project. Mr. Hisaya Sawano also encouraged all participants, especially the representatives from Yangon, Mandalay and Mawlamyine development committees to provide

27 ANNEX 1 their honest comments and suggestions at the workshop on flood hazard mapping the next day (15 October 2015) in order to share the difficulties and challenges in the field.

III. AGENDA OF INTERIM MEETING (PART B):

Time Program

[Interim Meeting] Part B: Risk Assessment Moderator: Dr. Khin Maung Lwin Opening Ceremony - Welcome and opining remarks by DMH 13:00-13:15 - Remarks by ADB

Session 1 Brief Introduction of Activities under the TA-8456 Part II  Brief explanation of progress and achievements 13:15-13:40  Explanation of remaining activities for risk assessment Q&A Session 2 Current Activities on Flood Management in Myanmar  Presentation on flood management in the city (by representative from Yangon CDC, Mandalay CDC, Mawlamyine TDC) 13:40-14:30  Presentation on process/system of damages/disaster data and information collection (by representative of GAD) Q&A 14:30-14:45 Group Photo/Break Session 3 Introduction of Flood Disaster Risk Management and Risk Assessment 14:45-15:35  Brief introduction of risk management and risk assessment Q&A Session 4 Discussions on Flood Disaster Risk Assessment and its Utilizations  How to conduct risk assessment in Myanmar for implementation of MAPDRR 15:35-16:15 and development of flood hazard mapping including discussion on target scale for flood hazard assessment for flood disaster risk assessment Closing Ceremony - Closing remarks by DMH 16:15-16:30 - Closing remarks by ADB - Closing remarks by ADB Consultant

IV. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS (INTERIM MEETING PART B): No. Name Ministry Department Position 1 Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam Ministry of Transport DMH Director General 2 Dr. Kyaw Moe Oo Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Director General Daw Htay Htay 3 Ministry of Transport DMH Director Than 4 U Hla Tun Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Director 5 U Tin Maung Nwe Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Director 6 U Hla Saw Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Director Dr. Yin Myo Min 7 Ministry of Transport DMH Assistant Director Htwe 8 Dr. Than Naing Ministry of Transport DMH Staff Officer 9 U Myo Tun Oo Ministry of Transport DMH Staff Officer 10 U Zaw Myo Khaing Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Superintendent 11 Daw Aye Aye Naing Ministry of Transport DMH Senior Observer 12 Daw Khine Soe Oo Ministry of Transport DMH Senior Observer 13 Daw Sandar Wai Ministry of Transport DMH Senior Observer 14 Daw Thu Thu Nyein Ministry of Transport DMH Junior Observer Ministry of Agriculture 15 Dr. Aung Than Oo Irrigation Department Assistant Director and Irrigation

28 ANNEX 1

No. Name Ministry Department Position Daw Khin Si Si Ministry of Agriculture Special Sub Assistant 16 Irrigation Department Hlaing and Irrigation Engineer Ministry of Agriculture 17 Daw Shwe Pyi Tan Irrigation Department Engineering Surveyor and Irrigation Ministry of Social Relief and Resettlement 18 Mr. Nay Win Welfare, Relief and Staff Officer Department Resettlement Ministry of Environmental 19 Mr. Win Shwe Land Survey Department Deputy Director Conservation and Forestry Ministry of Home General Administration 20 Ms. Ohn Khin Deputy Director Affairs Department 21 Mr. Tin Maung Cho Ministry of Transport Myanmar Port Authority Chief Surveyor Mr. Aung Nay Department of Urban and 22 Ministry of Construction Staff Officer Phyoe Housing Development Ministry of Agriculture Department of 23 Mr. Min Lwin Assistant Director and Irrigation Agriculture Planning Ministry of Agriculture Water Resources 24 Ms. Yu Khin Deputy Director and Irrigation Utilization Department Directorate of Water Mr. Aung Myo Resources and 25 Ministry of Transport Deputy Director Khaing Improvement of River Systems Yangon City 26 Mr. Kyaw Min Oo - Assistant Director Development Committee Mandalay City 27 Mr. Myo Aung - Head of Department Development Committee Mawlamyine Township 28 Ms. Theingi Aung - Assistant Engineer Development Committee Myanmar Engineering 29 Ms. Htay Htay Win - CEC Society Urban Development Mr. Bertrand 30 Asian Development Bank Specialist (Water Supply Clochard and Sanitation) 31 Mr. Osamu Kondo Asian Development Bank Staff Dr. Khin Maung ADB National 32 - Lwin Consultant Team Leader / Flood 33 Mr. Hisaya Sawano CDTA PART II-A ICHARM-PWRI Management Expert Hydrological-hydraulic Mr. Yusuke Modeling and Flood and 34 CDTA PART II-A ICHARM-PWRI Yamazaki Storm Surge Analysis Specialist Flood and Storm Surge 35 Mr. Badri Shrestha CDTA PART II-A ICHARM-PWRI Risk Assessment Specialist 36 Ms. Yoko Hagiwara CDTA PART II-A ICHARM-PWRI Training Coordinator Mr. Kazuhiro Coordinator / Flood 37 CDTA PART II-B CTII Co., Ltd. Nakamura Management Expert Hydrological, Hydraulic 38 Mr. Takuya Yagami CDTA PART II-B CTIE Co., Ltd. and Storm Surge Modeling Engineer Hydrological, Hydraulic 39 Mr. Yasushi Inoue Observer CTIE Co., Ltd. and Storm Surge Modeling Engineer

29 ANNEX 1

No.4: Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping

Date: 15 October 2015 Time: 9:15 – 12:00 (Myanmar Time) Place: 2nd Floor Meeting Room of Multi-Hazard Early Warning Center, DMH Nay Pyi Taw Office, Myanmar

I. INTRODUCTION: The workshop on flood hazard mapping was held on 15 October 2015 with the presence of 38 participants from the Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH), the member organizations of the TA-8456 Part II Implementation Network, ADB, and TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team. The workshop was chaired by Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH. The discussions, including questions and answers, were moderated by Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, a national consultant.

II. SUMMARY OF DICUSSION: 1) Opening remarks Remark by Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH: Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH, warmly welcomed all participants to the workshop and explained about the main purpose of this workshop; to understand benefit and utilization of flood hazard map. She emphasized that with the climate change, the number of disasters is increasing, and in order to reduce the impact of disasters, flood mitigation measures in structural and non-structural forms should be taken. Flood hazard mapping is necessary for adequate planning of these measures. In the past, DMH received some external support, and developed flood hazard maps for the Ayeyarwady, Thanlwin rivers etc. with GIS, HECRAS etc.

Remark by Mr. Sawano, TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team: On behalf of TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team, Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader, delivered the opening remarks. He emphasized that flood hazard mapping will contribute to building resilient society and “build back better” when disasters hit the society unfortunately. He explained that flood hazard map should be prepared based on not only the results of the metrological and hydrological analysis but also social and environmental information and with considerations for future social and economic development. He expressed his wish that this workshop can contribute to creating many ideas for future flood management in Myanmar. He concluded his remarks with his hope that this workshop will bring meaningful results.

2) Presentation by Mr. Sawano, ADB consultant Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of TA-8456 Part II, presented about the importance and benefit of flood hazard mapping. Flood hazard mapping provides not only hazard information but other relevant and important information to be required for ensuring evacuation of residents and strengthening the community’s resilience. Mr. Sawano explained that, while the information is useful, too much information may be confusing. Therefore, which information is important should be reviewed, and reflected in the maps. He also introduced how each city in Japan develops and utilizes flood hazard map effectively.

3) Discussions: The participants had active discussion as below.

Question: Dr. Khin and Myanmar Port Authority (MPA) Does this hazard map consider tide? For example, the flood hazard maps for Yangon and its six surrounding townships do not seem to be showing the impact of storm surge. Yangon area has high tide at least twice a year, so, it would be good if the tide effect be reflected in the map with appropriate

30 ANNEX 1 colors. MPA explained that in Yangon, tide reaches very high to 5-6 m at the time of high tide. Even using the data of high tide may not be enough for flood hazard mapping if the high tide is accompanied with heavy rainfall.

Question: DG, DMH Mr. Sawano’s presentation showed 6 steps for developing flood hazard map. For Step 3, flood hazard simulation models such as RRI Model is very important. Now, DMH, through this project, produced three flood hazard maps (Yangon, Mandalay and Mawlamyine). For Yangon, we should follow MPA’s suggestion about the sea level. For Yangon, with the current inputs of rainfall and sea level data, can DMH use this TA’s products? For Mawlamyine also, is this map ready to be used with the current condition of sea level in the map?

Answer: Mr. Sawano (TA-8456 Part II Consultation Team) For the calculation for Yangon, this TA used actual data of sea water level for a 100-year flood. For Mawlamyine, the actual sea water level observed in 2013 was used for the simulation. For Mandalay, a 100 year return period rainfall was considered. The discharge for the three cities was calculated based on such information. In Japan, we use the highest sea level in the past for the model of Tokyo Bay. Assumption of starting point cannot be automatically determined. Therefore, it is required to consider various situations and discuss what is reasonable or not.

Question: Dr. Khin and Relief and Resettlement Department (RRD) How we distribute flood hazard maps effectively? Right now, people depend on DMH’s announcement on flood information. If flood hazard maps are developed, it can help and assist local people. How do we update the flood hazard maps? Can we use mobile applications? Some applications are easy to look at and can be updated regularly.

Answer: Mr. Sawano (TA-8456 Part II Consultation Team) As a first step, we recommend to distribute hard copies. Most important thing is to deliver them to all people in the target areas including those who have no access to the latest technology. Updating flood hazard maps is important, but if we change/modify them many times, it might cause confusion. Hard copy is easy to carry in case of emergency as well. You can just grab the map and runaway even there is no time.

Dr. Khin: The numbers of rivers and their characteristics differ between Japan and Myanmar. However, the importance of creating flood hazard maps is the same for both countries.

Dr. Khin: The necessary steps should also start with early warning for floods. GAD and other organizations should also consider reaching out to community.

Dr. Khin: Confirmation and validation process can be done also with the involvement of community. This is also what we should not miss for future.

Yangon CDC (YCDC): YCDC does not have a map of small grids, so, satellite map may be used instead. However, there are many gauges which data could be used. It seems that there are differences between the results of the simulation (draft flood hazard maps) and the reality. YCDC is making a similar hazard map with the JICA study team one by one, slowly. It reflects more detailed and localized information. So, if longer time is given, YCDC would like to compare what the key differences are between this map and the ones from the JICA study. YCDC also has many rain gauges with the support of the JICA project.

Ms. Htay Htay Than suggested that YCDC provides to DMH relevant information of their development project after the workshop.

31 ANNEX 1

Mr. Sawano requested YCDC participant to inform his office about this TA. He suggested that the accuracy of the flood hazard map could be discussed at the time of the visit at YCDC office in Yanon on 16 October 2015..

Mandalay CDC (MCDC): DMH asked MCDC topographic maps. MCDC has Land Use and Urban Planning Department which produces aerial photos of the entire metropolitan Mandalay area. MCDC informed that topographic mapping is one of the outputs of the 40 million Euro project of ADB. In 1995-1996, Mandalay built a new road with a levee of 2 m height. With this levee, flood is no longer a big risk for the city. The problem is how we discharge water from nine main drains into the Ayeyarwady River. In the beginning of the monsoon, it seems that there is no problem on the map. However, flood mostly happens in the beginning of monsoon because of drains. So, it is important to know how much we can discharge into the river. In the east part of the city, there were retention areas, but due to the recent development, these retention areas no longer exist to prevent water from Shan Mountain. In this term, this hazard map is very useful and we hope to update it with another ADB project. With this TA, MCDC hopes that the flood hazard map be updated and used. Draft hazard map shows that the roads are inundates from 2 to 5 m. As a school of basic education is right next to the main road, MCDC wants to check whether the area is inundated or not. These cannot be the highest, as car can still drive at the time. So, MCDC wants to check which data DMH had used to produce the hazard map.

Ms. Htay Htay Than: DMH wants to comment on the data used for these simulations. The data is available only for main rivers, not tributaries. These available data and rainfall data were used. We had highest rainfall in 2007. The 2007 data was used to produce the hazard map for Mandalay. In 2004, mayor’s house was inundated but by about 1 m water. This TA presents that the inundation water level can be over 5 m. However, in our record, the water level has never risen up to 5 m. In new urban settlement areas, it will not go that high. In lower area, water may be accumulated, but only up to 1 m where a van can still drive. When you collect data, it is very important where you collect these data from, because some of the data do not seem to be realistic. It is extraordinary that a flood happens. DMH asked participant from MCDC to provide feedback on draft flood hazard maps of Mandalay.

Mawlamyine TDC: In Mawlamyine, measures for natural disaster are led by the state government as a duty. We don’t have many flood areas and have never experienced such high water level like 5 m. High tide normally inundates 4 quarters and water comes down very quickly as there are 12 main drains and many small drains in Mawlamyine. Mawlamyine focuses on drainage systems, and it is done regularly. The event when the water level rises within 3 days is very rare. However when you think about the flood of 100 years, we are not sure that will happen or not. I learned from this workshop how should they work on it if a flood occurs so that the city can be prepared. The development committee works with 10 townships, so, we can use this hazard map to get them prepared. More importantly, we need to look at community consultation and raise their awareness.

Myanmar Port Authority (MPA): Also for Yangon, the draft flood hazard map shows 4 m of inundation in some areas where the flood does not happen. In order to create accurate flood hazard map, we need to collect various kinds of data. If the data is not correct, the map can be presenting wrong information. We cannot work alone to create accurate maps with sufficient information. So, we hope to collaborate and cooperate together to solve this issue.

Ms. Htay Htay Than: DMH only looked at Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, and other data would be still necessary in order to minimize errors in the flood hazard maps. Although DMH is responsible for producing these maps, DMH needs relevant information such as evacuation routes and population data from other organizations. How to obtain such data and information is very important. DMH requests the participants to provide these data and comments on the draft hazard maps. DHM needs collaboration with other organizations. People are not aware of danger in streams (smaller waterways). We need to pay attention to these. Flood hazard map is also important for and can be also used for planning infrastructure.

32 ANNEX 1

Directorate of Water Resources and Improvement of River Systems (DWIR): In Mandalay or Mawlamyine, if a flood occurs, it is urban flood. So, we need a map with very good resolution. Mandalay Technological University is working on remote sensing to produce a high resolution DEM.

Flood Situation in Kalay: The affected area is a valley, and drainage capacity does not exist. If any drain is filled, it requires a good flow. Dutch Disaster Reduction Team provided comments that in addition to building dikes, improving dredges are also necessary in order to improve ways for water. In order to improve cost effectiveness, these points are important to consider. With a Dutch model, DWIR conducted a modelling and many simulations to change the ways of rivers. With mining process in the area, there are lots of sediments in the river. Catchment management is necessary. Dams, reservoirs and their regulation will be required to increase their storage/retention capacity. In some years, people will notice the importance of flood hazard maps. Topographic data is important. Cross section of river is always changing due to sedimentation. Purchasing demographic data for the whole Myanmar is useful, and required.

Mr. Sawano (TA-8456 Part II Consultation Team): One of the objectives of making flood hazard maps is to compare effectiveness before and after building structural measures. Through this workshop, not only just simulating hazard, but also future structures such as drainages are found important. There are several issues such as sedimentation that need to be addressed as a part of river management. TA-8456 Part II will make recommendations on these points as they are also other ministries’ responsibilities. Cross section survey is also very important, but it is still not clear about the responsible organization. In Myanmar, these roles and responsibilities should be clearly decided. In Japan, every 5 years, cross section data is collected. It is suggested that such regulation should be decided in Myanmar also.

Irrigation Department (ID): For urbanization, it is different from hydrological simulations, and thus it would be difficult to analyze even with high resolution. One cannot represent well the flood due to urbanization. It is suggested that land level survey with an automatic gauging should be required for the coastal regions. For Mandalay, more detailed map should be prepared. For Mawlamyine, it is a flood plain. The current level cannot be applied for urban area. Good resolution map exists, but I do not have responsibility for getting topographic data. I am pleased if MCDC could obtain topographic data. ID is pleased to develop flood hazard maps with ADB and ICHARM.

Water Resources Utilization Department (WRUD): Flood hazard mapping would be very useful. GIS data in a shape file can help WRUD to be able to take necessary flood measures. WRUD has more than 300 pumping stations, and they can be affected by flood. So, in order to prioritize the location, the GIS data would be useful.

Mr. Sawano (TA-8456 Part II Consultation Team): TA-8456 Part II Consultation Team can provide WRUD with the GIS data immediately. For pumping stations, if WRUD can prioritize the locations, WRUD can inform the TA-8456 Part II Consultation Team of these locations. On the issue of resolution of the city area, it is clear that TA-8456 Part II Consultation Team needs more data. However, this is the first step in the analysis. These activities cannot jump immediately to the next step. Effective planning of drainage lines, their locations and capacity can be undertaken as the next step. Mr. Sawano also informed the participants about the document of draft Flood Hazard Mapping Guideline specially produced for developing countries. Some part of the document is technical, but overall contents can provide general reference. The participants are requested to share the soft copy and hard copy of the flood hazard maps and provide their feedback on the draft flood hazard maps to DMH, which information should be added, and whether the draft maps have any errors or not.

33 ANNEX 1

Mr. Nakamura of CTI informed that page 46 of the manual provides reference for possible items to be included in flood hazard maps. Dr. Khin suggested that water sources be included in the flood hazard maps as safe water is very important.

Mr. Kyaw Moe Oo, Deputy Director of DMH explained that in this TA, the draft flood hazard maps were produced with very rough data. Since these maps should provide information for flood management to people, river line areas should be added. In 2004 when DMH conducted risk assessment of earthquake in Mandalay, it took about 1 year to collect data and to produce hazard map. This long time requirement is normal. For this TA, DMH used already available data, and nevertheless, wants to make the draft flood hazard maps useful as much as possible.

Dr. Khin: In the past when arsenic was found in Myanmar, it gathered good attention, but now, it is already forgotten. We should not forget the impact of flood.

4) Closing remarks

Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH, emphasized that this TA supports technological transfer on flood hazard mapping. Through the training activities of the TA, DMH officers were trained very well, and DMH wants to express appreciation. According to DMH’s trainees, they need more technology and facilities in addition to the knowledge they acquired through this training.

With regard to the flood hazard maps for the 3 target cities, the officials from these cities said that they can use these maps to some extent, but so many other data and information would be required for using them for disaster reduction.

DMH informed that they will review the first draft version of flood hazard maps and confirm their contents.

DMH thanks the presence of all the participants, and appreciate their inputs to produce useful flood hazard maps.

Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of TA-8456 Part II, informed that what was introduced in the workshop was the first draft version of flood hazard maps and they will be revised based on comments received in the workshop. It was also announced that the revised version of flood hazard maps will be sent to all related organizations for their further comments.

III. AGENDA: Time Program Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping Moderator: Dr. Khin Maung Lwin (15 October 2015, 09:15 – 12:00) Opening Ceremony - Welcome and opining remarks by DMH 09:15-09:25 - Remarks by ADB Consultant

Session 1 Importance and Benefit of Flood Hazard Map  What is flood hazard map? 09:25-10:40  Utilization of flood hazard map  How to prepare flood hazard map Q&A 10:40-11:00 Group Photo/Break Session 2 Discussions on Flood Hazard Mapping and its Utilization (1) What kind of information are required in the flood hazard map and 11:00-12:00 which organizations are responsible for them (2) How to utilize flood hazard map

34 ANNEX 1

Time Program

Note: Draft flood hazard maps will be distributed to the participants for discussion. Closing Ceremony 12:00-12:10 - Closing remarks by DMH - Closing remarks by ADB Consultant 12:10-13:00 Lunch

IV. LIST OF THE PARTICIPANTS: No. Name Ministry Department Position 1 Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam Ministry of Transport DMH Director General 2 Dr. Kyaw Moe Oo Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Director General 3 Daw Yi Yi Nyein Ministry of Transport DMH Director Daw Htay Htay 4 Ministry of Transport DMH Director Than 5 U Tin Maung Nwe Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Director 6 Dr. Than Naing Ministry of Transport DMH Staff Officer 7 U Myo Tun Oo Ministry of Transport DMH Staff Officer 8 U Zaw Myo Khaing Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Superintendent 9 Daw Aye Aye Naing Ministry of Transport DMH Senior Observer 10 Daw Khine Soe Oo Ministry of Transport DMH Senior Observer 11 Daw Sandar Wai Ministry of Transport DMH Senior Observer 12 Daw Thu Thu Nyein Ministry of Transport DMH Junior Observer 13 Ms. May Sabai Oo Ministry of Transport DMH Deputy Superintendent Ministry of Agriculture 14 Dr. Aung Than Oo Irrigation Department Assistant Director and Irrigation Daw Khin Si Si Ministry of Agriculture Special Sub Assistant 15 Irrigation Department Hlaing and Irrigation Engineer Ministry of Agriculture 16 Daw Shwe Pyi Tan Irrigation Department Engineering Surveyor and Irrigation Ministry of Social Relief and Resettlement 17 Mr. Nay Win Welfare, Relief and Staff Officer Department Resettlement Ministry of Environmental 18 Mr. Win Shwe Land Survey Department Deputy Director Conservation and Forestry Ministry of Home General Administration 19 Mr. Linn Zaw Htwe Staff Officer Affairs Department 20 Mr. Tin Maung Cho Ministry of Transport Myanmar Port Authority Chief Surveyor Mr. Aung Nay Department of Urban and 21 Ministry of Construction Staff Officer Phyoe Housing Development Ministry of Agriculture Department of 22 Mr. Min Lwin Assistant Director and Irrigation Agriculture Planning Ministry of Agriculture Water Resources 23 Ms. Yu Khin Deputy Director and Irrigation Utilization Department Directorate of Water Mr. Aung Myo Resources and 24 Ministry of Transport Deputy Director Khaing Improvement of River Systems Yangon City 25 Mr. Kyaw Min Oo - Assistant Director Development Committee Mandalay City 26 Mr. Myo Aung - Head of Department Development Committee Mawlamyine Township 27 Ms. Theingi Aung - Assistant Engineer Development Committee Myanmar Engineering 28 Ms. Htay Htay Win - CEC Society 29 Mr. Osamu Kondo Asian Development Bank Staff

35 ANNEX 1

No. Name Ministry Department Position Dr. Khin Maung ADB National 30 - Lwin Consultant Mr. Reinhard 31 CDTA PART I UN-Habitat Team Leader Skinner Team Leader / Flood 32 Mr. Hisaya Sawano CDTA PART II-A ICHARM-PWRI Management Expert Hydrological-hydraulic Mr. Yusuke Modeling and Flood and 33 CDTA PART II-A ICHARM-PWRI Yamazaki Storm Surge Analysis Specialist Flood and Storm Surge 34 Mr. Badri Shrestha CDTA PART II-A ICHARM-PWRI Risk Assessment Specialist 35 Ms. Yoko Hagiwara CDTA PART II-A ICHARM-PWRI Training Coordinator Mr. Kazuhiro Coordinator / Flood 36 CDTA PART II-B CTII Co., Ltd. Nakamura Management Expert Hydrological, Hydraulic 37 Mr. Takuya Yagami CDTA PART II-B CTIE Co., Ltd. and Storm Surge Modeling Engineer Hydrological, Hydraulic 38 Mr. Yasushi Inoue Observer CTIE Co., Ltd. and Storm Surge Modeling Engineer

36 ANNEX 1

No.5: Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping in Three Target Cities

The consultant team organized workshops on flood hazard mapping jointly with Department of Meteorology (DMH), Ministry of Transport and City Development Committee (CDC) / Township Development Committee (TDC) at the three target cities: Yangon (25 January 2016), Mandalay (28 January 2016) and Mawlamyine (26 January 2016). The objectives of the workshops were (1) to introduce draft hazard maps developed under TA-8456 for confirmation and comments on the contents and (2) to discuss the utilization and benefits of flood hazard maps. At each workshop, the flood hazard maps (3rd draft) prepared by the consultant team and DMH were distributed to all participants. The outlines of three workshops in each city are described as follows.

(1) Yangon Date: 25 January, 2016 Time: 13:00 – 16:30 (Myanmar Time) Place: Yangon City Development Committee (YCDC) Office, Yangon, Myanmar

I. INTRODUCTION: The Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping (Yangon) was conducted on 25 January 2016 with the presence of 32 participants. The meeting was hosted by YCDC, and moderated by Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, National Consultant. The objectives of this workshop were (1) to introduce the progress and remaining activities of TA-8456 Part II, (2) to introduce the draft flood hazard maps developed under TA-8456 Part II, and (3) to discuss the contents and possible utilization/benefit of the flood hazard maps.

II. SUMMARY OF DICUSSION:

Opening Ceremony – Welcome and opening remarks Mr. Soe Si, Member of YCDC welcomed all the participants to the workshop, and introduced the flood hazard mapping activities of TA-8456 Part II that led to the development of the third draft flood hazard map of Yangon City. Mr. Soe stated that in Japan, flood hazard maps are provided under the law. He explained that this workshop would review the draft flood hazard map and discuss about how to use and distribute the map. He hoped that flood hazard maps will raise awareness of communities in Yangon City and contribute to the city’s flood risk reduction.

Next opening remarks were delivered by Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of ADB TA-8456 Part II Consultants (hereinafter The Consultant Team). Every year, Japan suffers from many water-related disasters, by which human, social and economic damages are caused. As Myanmar and Japan have similar issues, challenges and experiences in flood management, these experiences and knowledge can be shared to make our society safer through appropriate infrastructure and countermeasures. This project has promoted this information-sharing, and flood hazard analysis has been conducted with DMH. The draft version of the flood hazard map was prepared, and discussed during the Interim Mission in October 2015. In this workshop, the third draft version of flood hazard map will be discussed, and after improving the contents, the finalized map will be handed over to the Myanmar government. The Consultant Team expressed its sincere appreciation to all the Myanmar organizations that had been involved and supported this project.

Session 1: Brief Explanation of TA-8456 Part II Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of ADB TA-8456 Part II Consultants, presented the objectives, summary of the progress made to date under the project, and the remaining work schedule. Mr. Sawano presented the achievements under the work items including (1) needs assessment, (2) data collection, (3) hydro-meteorological analysis, (4) flood and storm surge risk assessment, (5) business plan for the DMH and (6) capacity development. Of these, the last three items are still on-going, and will be completed in 2016. Regarding the business plan for the DMH, the needs of linking this technical assistance (TA) project with the existing Myanmar Action Plan for Disaster Risk Reduction (MAPDRR) was emphasized. Mr. Sawano informed the participants that the next meeting of this TA

37 ANNEX 1 is scheduled in May 2016 in Nay Pyi Taw.

Session 2: Introduction of Flood Hazard Maps Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of ADB TA-8456 Part II Consultants, also made presentation on the general introduction of flood hazard map. Mr. Sawano presented some Japanese examples of flood hazard maps, and how to formulate, validate, disseminate and utilize them. A sample flood hazard and information map of Nagaoka City, Japan was also handed out. Mr. Sawano explained that in Japan, flood hazard map provides local residents with important information on inundation and evacuation. Although the government normally issues warnings by siren and other means, it is the local residents that make their own decisions for evacuating the area in the end. These maps can help them realize dangers in their areas. The map can also help local governments take necessary countermeasures and disseminate any hazard related information to local people. Specific expertise would be required to develop these maps. This TA has helped DMH to acquire such expertise.

Q & A Session Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, Moderator (a National Consultant), brought to the attention of the participants that, in the third draft version of the flood hazard map of Yangon, the area surrounding Yangon General Hospital, is indicated as green, which implies it would be under the water of 0.1 to 0.5m if 100 year flood occurs according to the simulation. In addition, he recalled that the base of the general hospital is 0.5m below the surface, which means the hospital can be 1m under the water. This is a serious issue, and should be addressed.

Mr. Sawano informed that the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team has developed the draft hazard map using a satellite image. With satellite image of higher resolution, the Consultant Team can develop more accurate flood hazard map.

Ms. Khon Ra, Director of Hydrology Branch, Irrigation Department (ID) inquired whether the TA8456 Part II Consultant Team had received through DMH their comments on the previous draft hazard map. Mr. Sawano responded that they did receive ID’s comments.

Dr. Win Win Zin, Yangon Technological University (YTU) asked whether the model (for this flood analysis) considered tidal effect or not. Flood and high tide are normally two components of inundation in Yangon downtown area. Mr. Sawano, TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team, responded that the Consultant Team is now discussing which cyclone (e.g. Cyclone Nargis or other) and which rainfall should be combined and used for the simulation.

Mr. Tin Maung Cho, Chief Surveyor of Myanmar Port Authority (MPA) inquired how MPA can support for including the tidal information in the flood hazard map of Yangon. MPA also emphasized the importance of raising awareness of laypersons (or poor people) as they may not know how to understand or use flood hazard maps. The flood will affect these people tremendously.

Mr. Sawano, TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team, responded that the Consultant Team had been working on coastal hazard mapping with DMH Nay Pyi Taw office, and would like to present it in the project’s next meeting in May 2016. For the awareness-raising, the TA Part II Consultant Team would like to ask municipal government to identify which information would be required to be on the flood hazard map. The process of improving the map should continue. Mr. Sawano also mentioned that although the Consultant Team presented Japanese examples, making a decision about the contents remains with the Myanmar government. Local conditions should be really reviewed for such process.

Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, Moderator of the meeting inquired whether the Consultant Team can identify high buildings using satellite images. He mentioned that airplane observation could differentiate the top of high buildings from ground surface. Mr. Sawano responded that the Consultant Team would require higher resolution image, but that they had not been able to obtain such data so far. They need to review how better they could modify the current draft version of the map. MPA suggested that the Consultant Team may like to purchase the high resolution satellite data with ADB’s support.

Mr. Sawano, TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team, said that they would select which information and

38 ANNEX 1 accuracy level this project would require to fulfill its purpose. (e.g. The objectives of this project may not require 10 cm grid size. In that case, 50 cm grid size may be sufficient.)

Session 3: Discussion on Flood Hazard Mapping and its Contents The following discussions were held with the facilitation of Dr. Khin Maung Lwin.

(1) What kinds of information are important to be displayed on flood hazard map? Dr. Khin Maung Lwin informed about the discussion with Mr. Soe Si, Member of YCDC during the break time that Yangon downtown is hollow underneath with some pipe networks and drain systems. Therefore, if the drain pipe systems put underneath in six township areas are shown in the map, it would be good.

Mr. Sawano, TA8456 Part II Consultant Team requested that the participants suggest ideas which can be included in the draft hazard map right away, and ideas which can be noted and considered in the future. He said that, after this project, the draft hazard maps will be handed over to DMH, so, even if the ideas cannot be addressed now, DMH can put these in the maps in the future.

Dr. Khin pointed out that in general, electric power supply systems are important. The system, transformers and generators could be all affected if they are under water. Therefore, Dr. Khin suggested displaying such information on the map. If there is no electricity, it would be a problem even if the people go to hospitals, such as Yangon General Hospital, at the time of emergency.

Mr. Sawano regretfully explained that it would not be possible to include such information at this stage as the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team does not have the information. Location of hospitals and schools can be indicated on the map, but not such infrastructure (such as power supply systems). Mr. Sawano stated that such information may be important to the government from management point of view, but not much for ordinary people. He suggested, in the future, two kinds of maps could be developed: one is for the government officers for emergency actions (with such information as electric power system, location of transformer, generator etc.), and another is for ordinary people for their escape and preparedness. The reason for separating the information is that too much information on the map could be confusing for users. Mr. Sawano agreed that, in any case, checking locations of water supply systems, water treatment plants, electric power generation systems, and gas stations etc. would be important.

Mr. Sawano informed the participants that, the Kinu River flood occurred in 2005 in Japan due to dyke breaks. It caused serious damage including the one to a water treatment plant. Because of the damage, the plant could not be operated more than a month after the flood. So, both the issue of the location of the water treatment plant, and when the plant can be cleaned up after the flood were essential for the city management. Regarding the electric power generator issue, the city hall of Jyoso, which the Kinu River flood hits, had power generators on the first floor, and thus they could not be used. With the information on possible flood water depths for the city hall, electric power generators have to be stored on higher floors in the future. Such kind of issue is important for future emergency response.

MPA raised questions about two subjects. One problem is about the hazardous areas on the draft flood hazard map of Yangon. The areas in Yangon near the mouth of the Bago River are a high flood area during the rainy season. The Strand Road (in the southern end of Yangon Area) is constructed at much lower height due to budget constraint. As a result, at the rainy season, there is very small difference between the flood level and road level. The area (along Strand Road) is certainly hazardous area of flood, but it is not shown on the draft flood hazard map. He considered that this is the first problem. Secondly, MPA feels that any blockage information should be added to the map using locally available information. Combination of the use of software/GIS and local information would be much better. The second problem is monitoring and alerting systems. MPA asked if the Team would consider water gage or other alerting systems for the flood hazard map.

Mr. Sawano responded that the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team considered only the Ayeyarwady River and the Hlaing River for the flood simulation, and presented the target areas for this hazard analysis. The effect of the Bago River was not considered in the present simulation. The Consultant

39 ANNEX 1

Team can explain more details of the data that were used for the analysis. Regarding the recommendation of the use of GIS information for the hazard analysis, it would be a useful tool as other relevant information can be added to the base map information (additional layer approach). Local information can be also added in this way as an additional layer. About the monitoring system, actual observation data were used to conduct statistical analysis. The TA’s flood simulation model was developed based on the result of the statistical analysis. If there are accumulated observation data of water level, the map can be improved further using them for verification. Regarding the necessity of water observation and water gauge systems, benchmark points should be established in Myanmar to help decision-making.

Other participants also raised a question about the inundation area of the May 2007 flood map. North Okkalapa Township (in the Map II of TA-8456’s Yangon Flood Hazard Map) is normally heavily flooded, but the draft flood hazard map does not show such flooding. That does not seem to match the reality. There are schools and hospitals in the area which are always flooded, and YCDC has to deal with such flood every year. Therefore, these flooded places in North Okkalapa need to be displayed in the flood hazard map.

Mr. Sawano asked how high the flood water depth was in that area, and what the conditions of the flood in that area were. The participants responded that the level of flood water in North Okkalapa area was normally 1 m or above. Mr. Sawano was afraid to mention that, as the Consultant Team used 450 m grid for calculation, resolution of some of the results may not be high enough. Also, if the flooding was a result of drainage problems, they may not be shown on the TA’s draft flood map either. Mr. Sawano promised that the Consultant Team would review this issue before producing the next version of the flood hazard map.

Mr. San Kung, Staff Officer of Relief and Resettlement Department (RRD) pointed out that around Inya Lake, some communities live in low land areas and are heavily affected by the flood from the Lake during the rainy season. The flood water can stay as long as two months. He wanted to know how these communities could know when flood would come.

Mr. Sawano responded that for such issues, more detailed data and other kind of model would be required to conduct a city drainage study. He said that although this TA cannot cover such issues, it would be good if these studies on Yangon City drainage lines could be formulated in the future.

Dr. Khin recognized that the government need to install drainage systems in the city, and it would be useful to include such information in this flood hazard map. Mr. Sawano responded that the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team would review the situation and water overflow around Inya Lake. Review of the management of Inya Lake would be a good opportunity for studying the Yangon drainage system. He recognizes the problem that if the city is developed further, the water retention areas disappear and storm water would concentrate on the drainage lines and would affect the people living around these lines. Japan experienced the same. This issue should be carefully dealt with by the city government in the future.

A participant suggested that the Consultant Team show main drainage systems (which have bricks walls etc.) in the flood hazard map because if the drainage systems are functioning as initially designed, there would not be much flood (e.g. the inundation areas around Kandawgyi Lake).

Another participant pointed out that in Yangon city, the flood water level differs much between the time of low tide and the time of high tide. With the low tide, the flood water could be pumped out, but not with the high tide. Mr. Sawano responded that it would require much detailed study.

Dr. Khin also suggested having big tube wells that are owned by big industries etc. In downtown Yangon area and six townships, the planning seems systematic, but the areas under new development do not seem to be following YCDC’s rules in using the underneath parts and setting up drainage systems. That is why we have less information on these newly developed areas.

40 ANNEX 1

(2) How to utilize flood hazard maps for disaster risk reduction? Mr. Sawano requested the participants’ opinion about the challenges of local people and the government, and how the flood hazard mapping can contribute to solving such issues. As utilization of the flood hazard map were already discussed earlier, he moved to the next question on the issue of disseminating the maps.

(3) How to disseminate flood hazard maps for awareness-raising? Dr. Khin mentioned that he already pointed out the situation of Yangon General Hospital. He felt that all sectors (such as the health sector) should know about the flood hazard map, and prepare their own activities using such flood hazard maps.

Dr. Khin also raised a question about definition of flood and difference between flood and inundation. Dr. Khin asked if water depth or duration/period of the event defines either inundation or flood.

Mr. Sawano explained that the two does not have clear distinction. Inundation/flood can be caused either by rainfall or river overflow. It could be used both for river overflow and drainage overflow. City drainage is an essential issue for flood management strategies. Both issues should be considered to solve the problem in Yangon city. Other places such as Jakarta have a similar problem. Regarding the duration of the flood/inundation, the concept of “timeline planning”, which has been introduced in Japan, could be useful.

Dr. Khin emphasized that as the inundation depth varies from location to location, the flood hazard map would be required for people so that they would know which actions to take at the time of the disaster (e.g. moving assets to second floor etc.).

Dr. Win Win Zin, Associate Professor of YTU, commented that flood hazard map should be shown to the public only after its accuracy is confirmed. Dr. Win Win Zin stated that the accuracy of the flood hazard map depends on the accuracy of data. Dr. Zin mentioned that local observation data are normally required for verification of the simulation results which were created based on the satellite data. TYU mentioned that the TA8456 Part II Consultant Team needs to indicate such accuracy issue on the map.

Mr. Sawano, TA8456 Part II Consultant Team explained that, sometimes, the concept of “inundation depth” does not consider the water velocity. One also needs to consider importance of flood velocity.

Relief and Resettlement Department (RRD) stated that the people could be informed what the normal or high water level of the Ayeyarwady River would be. There is already certain system established. DMH is responsible for monitoring and alerting the water level. RRD is responsible for awareness-raising, and General Administration Department (GAD) is responsible for response. Once DMH issues a flood warning, and if people know the danger level of water, they would know when to respond. RRD now has a project with JICA on early warning and dissemination of disaster information, and assist people to know how and when to respond to disasters. In cooperation with GAD, RRD has been conducting awareness-raising activities on all disasters at Township and Ward level to be able to disseminate necessary information to communities, especially those who live on the bank of rivers.

Mr. Sawano responded that the challenge is whether community can understand the danger, and how to urge people to act on it for evacuation or response. That is also a problem in Japan.

YCDC explained that the city of Yangon had been suffering from inundation, but since last year, the installation of drainage system improved the situation a lot. In Yangon, normally flood water stays only for 2 hours or so (4 hours maximum). So, there was no serious complaint from local community. The perception of “flood” is different between local communities and the government, so, it is better that the flood hazard map explains the definition of inundation and flood.

YCDC continued that in some parts of Yangon, flood occurs because drains are blocked, and water does not flow properly. The people living on the bank of the Ayeyarwady River are relatively well prepared, but they may be prepared for the flood water level of 1 m or so. If the flood water level

41 ANNEX 1

reaches 2 m, for example, the people may not cope with it. The highest flood level that Yangon has experienced was 2.5 m. Cars were still able to pass on the roads at that time. The river inundated some other areas more. About 7-8 years ago, inundation lasted more than 2 to 3 days. There is an on-going study to review the Yangon’s flood event for the last 20 years or so. In the case of Norther Okkalapa which was mentioned earlier, water no longer flows to the river. The blockages are sometimes caused by construction works and expansion of residential areas. In some other areas, throwing garbage indiscriminately could cause blockage of drains and cause inundation. YCDC suggests making the flood hazard map to be usable more for preparation of people because “hazard” is a potential danger that could happen. YCDC may not know the future cost of the potential damage as it depends on the investment.

Mr. Sawano, TA8456 Part II Consultant Team, agreed that a hazard is a potential danger which may lead to a disaster. Two approaches can be possible; one is to reduce hazard; and another is to reduce possibility of disasters by taking appropriate countermeasures. Both approaches would be necessary because eliminating hazard is impossible. Thus, strengthening infrastructure as well as community preparedness and resilience would be crucial.

Closing remarks by DMH Yangon Office DMH Yangon Office delivered closing remarks expressing appreciation to the participating organizations for their contribution.

Closing remarks by ADB representative, Mr. Osamu Kondo, ADB, on behalf of Mr. Bertrand Clochard, Leader of TA-8456, ADB, expressed appreciation to the participants for their active participation and contribution. The TA intended to connect the analytical work such as flood simulation with the actual ground condition of the target cities including Yangon. He believes that the interactive discussion on flood hazard mapping in this workshop will make the analysis more effective, and strengthen flood resilience of the city. Mr. Kondo also expressed ADB’s appreciation to YCDC and DMH for organizing this workshop.

III. AGENDA:

Time Program

[Workshop] Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping Moderator: Dr. Khin Maung Lwin

Opening Ceremony

13:00-13:10 - Welcome and opening remarks by YCDC - Remarks by ADB Consultant

Session 1 Brief Explanation of the TA-8456 Part II 13:10-13:20  ADB TA-8456 Part II project activities

13:20-13:30 Group Photo

Session 2 Introduction of Flood Hazard Maps

 What is flood hazard map? 13:30-14:30  Utilization of flood hazard map  How to prepare flood hazard map  Preparation of flood hazard maps under the ADB TA-8456 Part II

Q&A

42 ANNEX 1

Time Program

14:30-14:50 Break

Session 3 Discussions on Flood Hazard Mapping and its Contents

(3) What kind of information are required in flood hazard map (4) How to utilize flood hazard maps for disaster risk reduction 14:50-16:20 (5) How to disseminate flood hazard maps for awareness raising

(Delivery Items: Flood Hazard Maps (Third Draft), summary of comments on second draft flood hazard maps) Closing Ceremony

16:20-16:30 - Closing remarks by DMH - Closing remarks by ADB

IV. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS:

No. Name Ministry Department Position Myanmar Side Yangon Technological 1 Dr. Win Win Zin - Associate Professor University Yangon Technological 2 Ms. Shelly Win - Ph.D. Student University Yangon Technological 3 Ms. Thet Hrin Ayo - Ph.D. Student University Mr. Maung Maung Ministry of Agriculture 4 Irrigation Department S/O Zaw and Irrigation Ministry of Agriculture 5 Mr. Ken Chun Irrigation Department A.D. and Irrigation 6 Mr. Tin Maung Cho Ministry of Transport Myanmar Port Authority Chief Surveyor Ministry of Social Relief and Resettlement 7 Mr. San Kung Welfare, Relief and Staff Officer Department Resettlement 8 Ms. Phoo Pwint May - CTIM Engineer

9 Mr. Ang Ryaw Zou - NEDS Co., Ltd, Director

10 Mr. Takaharu Kburaki - CTIM COO

11 Ms. Pann Thida Hyein - NEDS Co., Ltd, Design Engineer Yangon City 12 Ms. Thu Htet Tun Development - Assistant Engineer Committee Ministry of Agriculture 13 Ms. Khon Ra Irrigation Department Director and Irrigation Yangon City 14 Ms. Khaing Mae Nyat Development - Head Committee 15 Mr. Htin Myaing ADB Consultant UN Habitat -

16 Mr. Reinhard Skinner ADB Consultant UN Habitat - Yangon City 17 Mr. Soe Si Development - Member of Committee Committee

43 ANNEX 1

No. Name Ministry Department Position Yangon City Head of Engineering 18 Mr. Tin Mg Kyi Development - Department (Road & Committee Bridges) Yangon City Deputy Head of 19 Mr. Aye Ko Development - Engineering Department Committee (Road & Bridges) Yangon City Deputy Head of 20 Mr. Lin Khoaing Development - Engineering Department Committee (Road & Bridges) Yangon City Assist Chief Engineer 21 Mr. Tin Tun Oo Development - (Road & Bridges) Committee Yangon City Executive Engineer (Road 22 Mr. Ag Soe Development - & Bridges) Committee Yangon City Assist Chief Engineer 23 Mr. Nyan Thar Development - (Road & Bridges) Committee Yangon City Assist Chief Engineer 24 Mr. Kyin Ohn Development - (Road & Bridges) Committee Yangon City Assist Engineer (Road & 25 Mr. Kyaw Min Oo Development - Bridges) Committee Yangon City Assist Engineer (Road & 26 Ms. Moe Nilar Ag Development - Bridges) Committee Yangon City Deputy Head of City 27 Dr. Toe Ag Development - Planning and Local Committee Administration Department Yangon City Public Relations 28 Mrs. Sharon Development - Department (International Committee Relations) Department of 29 Ms. Lai Lai Winn Ministry of Transport Meteorology and Assistant Officer Hydrology, Yangon ADB Consultant Asian Development 30 Mr. Osamu Kondo - Staff Bank ADB TA-8456 Part 31 Mr. Hisaya Sawano ICHARM-PWRI Team Leader II-A ADB TA-8456 Part 32 Ms. Yoko Hagiwara ICHARM-PWRI Training Coordinator II-A

(2) Mandalay

Date: 28 January 2016 Time: 9:00 – 12:30 (Myanmar Time) Place: Mandalay City Development Committee (MCDC), Mandalay, Myanmar

I. INTRODUCTION: The Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping (Mandalay) was conducted on 28 January 2016 with the presence of 40 participants. The meeting was hosted by Mandalay City Development Committee (MCDC). The objectives of this workshop are 1) to introduce the progress and remaining activities of TA-8456, 2) to introduce the draft flood hazard maps developed under TA-8456, and 3) to discuss the contents and possible utilization/benefit of the flood hazard maps.

44 ANNEX 1

II. SUMMARY OF DICUSSION: Opening Ceremony – Welcome and opening remarks Mr. Tun Kyi, Committee member of MCDC welcomed all the participants to the workshop. He stated that Mandalay city is located near the Ayeyarwady River, and that the southern part of the city lies in low land area. Every rainy season, the water level of the Ayeyarwady River rises up to the level close to the level of these low land areas, and the city is also flooded due to drainage problems. MCDC, with the support of the ADB’s PPTA Mandalay project, had examined how the city’s water supply and drainage systems could be improved. The implementation of the project is now under discussion as part of the ADB’s 60 million dollar loan project. Mr. Tun Kyi expressed his hope that this workshop would lead to effective utilization of flood hazard maps and enhanced flood management of Mandalay city. He expressed his appreciation to all the participants for their participation, and to ADB and the ADB Consultant Team for their support.

Next opening remarks were delivered by Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of ADB TA-8456 Part II Consultants. Mr. Sawano briefly introduced the TA-8456 Part II project and the draft flood hazard maps prepared under this project in collaboration with DMH. He emphasized that the flood hazard map is one of the important tools for emergency actions and for developing strategies of flood management for Mandalay city. He expressed his hope that the activities under TA-8456 would assist the efforts of Mandalay city to reduce water-related disasters in future for the city’s economic development.

Session 1: Brief Explanation of the TA-8456 Part II Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of the ADB TA-8456 Part II Consultants, presented the objectives, summary of the progress made to date under the project, and the remaining work schedule. Mr. Sawano presented the achievements under the work items including (1) needs assessment, (2) data collection, (3) hydro-meteorological analysis, (4) flood and storm surge risk assessment, (5) business plan for the DMH and (6) capacity development. Of these, the last three items are still on-going, and will be completed in 2016.

Session 2: Introduction of Flood Hazard Maps Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of the ADB TA-8456 Part II Consultants, also made presentation on the general introduction of flood hazard map including steps for developing the flood hazard maps and how to validate, disseminate and utilize them. He explained that the flood hazard maps were produced after simulating the flood from the river with river discharge and inundation at the same time. He emphasized that these large scale river floods would be very dangerous to Mandalay city if they occur. He explained that how to disseminate the flood hazard maps, and how to make people understand the contents of these maps are equally important as how to develop the maps. He presented Japanese examples of flood hazard maps. Mr. Sawano requested the participants to discuss on the contents of the draft flood hazard maps, and make recommendations to improve and finalize them under this TA project. He stated that these recommendations would be also useful for the flood hazard mapping for other target areas including Yangon and Mawlamyine as well as for similar exercise in other Asian countries in future.

Q & A Session Ms. Zin Mar Lwin from Mandalay Technological University (MTU) emphasized on identification of the grid size of large basin and consideration of river cross-section in the flood analysis to develop the hazard maps.

Mr. Zaw Win, Head (Building Department) of MCDC, stated that they would like to use the flood hazard map for the zoning and housing plans as well as the projects on river bank improvements for the Ayeyarwady River in the rainy season. He also emphasized and inquired about the accuracy of these maps. He raised a question when the final version of the flood hazard maps would be ready.

Mr. Sawano, the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team responded that the Consultant Team would produce the flood hazard maps based on the currently available data. The accuracy of these maps needs to be continuously improved event after the completion of this TA project by considering locally available

45 ANNEX 1 data and local information for evacuation.

Dr. Tin Kyaw Kyaw, MCDC, Member, Committee 9, stated that they are also interested in the possible strategies (e.g. preventing floods from the Ayeyarwady River by using sandbags) to prevent and mitigate the flood. He asked what kind of strategies and actions they should consider based on the flood hazard maps.

Mr. Sawano, the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team responded that the process of making the strategies cannot be covered under this TA project. Instead, this TA project could suggest the areas where such strategies would be necessary or would require further studies.

Session 3: Discussion on Flood Hazard Mapping and its Contents The participants were divided randomly into 3 groups to discuss each given question. After the discussion, each group presented their suggestions to the rest of the participants in the plenary.

(4) What kind of information are important to be displayed on flood hazard map? Group I suggested that the flood hazard map should include water supply systems such as a reservoir, local canals (drains) that carry the water from the reservoir, and local water gauging stations. Group I emphasized that the flood hazard map of Mandalay should include not only the flood from the Ayeyarwady River, but also the floods from the eastern side of the city (e.g. the 2010 flood). The direction of the flood from eastern side is towards the Ayeyarwady River, but if the water level of the river is high, the water would flow into the city. The Group also suggested displaying on the maps information of designated evacuation places and high lands. The information of how many people each place can accommodate should be also indicated.

(Group I presented the following text on the flip chart.) A. 1. Road in red color 2. Railway in black color 3. Canal in blue 4. Drain in blue 5. Embankment 6. Rain Gauge Stations as international indicator

B. - 2010 Oct. Flood Hazard Map need to consider - Evacuation site and capacity (population) – Temple, religious place, high land - Evacuation way – Road, street, lane

(5) How to utilize flood hazard maps for disaster risk reduction? Group II concluded that the flood hazard maps should be used for the following purposes. - Urban planning (by urban planning department) - To design buildings (important buildings, schools, water supply facilities, electricity facilities etc.) in the flood areas - To improve gardening areas next to houses - To improve drainage system and pumping stations

(Group II presented the following text on the flip chart.) Ѵ - Need to use in zoning and land use plan Ѵ - To prevent flood prone area/develop flood prone area - How to solve flood intensity Ѵ - Gardening area for each house - Flood in Mandalay is mainly caused by rainfall - 2009 Irrawaddy water level is high - 2007 June’s rainfall 10.1” and caused flood Ѵ - To show low land area and flood area in city area

46 ANNEX 1

Ѵ - Type of the building should be designed based on flood hazard map Ѵ - Avoid main project in flood area by using flood hazard map Ѵ - Drainage pattern need to be improved Ѵ - Pumping station need to be upgraded Ѵ - To create special permit forbidden area (e.g. school/hospital/institution)

(6) How to disseminate flood hazard maps for awareness-raising? Group III suggested dissemination of the flood hazard maps though the following means.

(Group III presented the following text on the flip chart.) (a) Through the media (newspapers, media, TV. Broadcasting, Facebook and Journals) (b) By means of maps (c) Official communications (predict to prevention and management, if possible, less of scare) (d) Regular awareness programme to schools (e) Often – Knowledge sharing to disaster fliers (f) Competition of English and Myanmar Essays, Debate for the awareness program, game program for primary level (g) Demonstration in exhibition area (h) Mass media – (flood disaster included) (i) Religious Ceremony, Union Day, Independence Day (j) Pro and cons for obey this documents (k) Benefits of carry out for prevention measures from the maps (l) (How to) Usage of this maps (m) Advertising at the (during) flooding (n) Preparedness programmes (o) Stand billboard for flooding along and beside the river (p) Regular programming as calendar year (Favors at beginning of the rainy season (May, June, July)) (q) Inspection for programming prevent the flooding (r) Rehearsal activities for the flood (includes respected societies) (s) Cooperation with NGO (t) Emphasized print on news where local as well as abroad update at newspaper and all media sectors (u) Refresher courses and training for using maps which help for capacity-building (v) For advertising, if possible by use of famous models for flood control.

Mr. Kondo, ADB questioned that which organization is responsible for the existing rain gauge stations. Participants responded that DMH is the responsible organization for them.

Ms. Hagiwara, the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team questioned that which “cons” of flood hazard maps did the Group III thought of. The group III responded that the “cons” is not about the use of the flood hazard maps but is the fact that the contents are difficult to be understood by local people.

Mr. Sawano, the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team summarized and concluded the Session 3. For Group I, Mr. Sawano recognized the difficulty of incorporating all these local knowledge into one map, but appreciated all these suggestions made by the participants. For Group II, he commented that these suggestions about the utilization of the flood hazard map should be taken up definitely as a next step, though it is a challenge. For Group III, Mr. Sawano also appreciated the suggestion of the participants, and emphasized that the first step of awareness-raising would be to make all the relevant government agencies to have common understanding about the hazard and risk. He expressed his hope that this workshop would help the participants to have such common understanding.

Closing remarks by Mr. Than Zaw, DMH Mandalay Office Mr. Than Zaw, DMH Mandalay Office delivered closing remarks on behalf of DMH. He appreciated that the ADB and the TA-84576 Part II Consultant Team shared the draft hazard maps through this

47 ANNEX 1

workshop.

Closing remarks by ADB representative, Mr. Bertrand Clochard, ADB, Leader of TA-8456, ADB, expressed appreciation to the participants for their active participation and contribution. He was pleased to note that the participants had made concrete suggestions to make the draft hazard map useful. ADB believes that the flood hazard mapping could help the city to improve flood management and help economic development.

III. AGENDA:

Time Program

[Workshop] Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping

Opening Ceremony

09:00-09:10 - Welcome and opening remarks by MCDC - Remarks by ADB Consultant

Session 1 Brief Explanation of the TA-8456 Part II 09:10-09:20  ADB TA-8456 Part II project activities

09:20-09:50 Group Photo & Break

Session 2 Introduction of Flood Hazard Maps

 What is flood hazard map? 09:50-11:00  Utilization of flood hazard map  How to prepare flood hazard map  Preparation of flood hazard maps under the ADB TA-8456 Part II

Q&A Session 3 Group Discussions on Flood Hazard Mapping and its Contents

Group 1: What kind of information are required in flood hazard map?

Group 2: How to utilize flood hazard maps for disaster risk reduction 11:00-11:45

Group 3: How to disseminate flood hazard maps for awareness raising

(Delivery Items: Flood Hazard Maps (Third Draft), summary of comments on second draft flood hazard maps)

11:45-12:15 Presentation of Group discussions

12:15-12:20 Wrap up of Group discussion

Closing Ceremony

12:20-12:30 - Closing remarks by DMH - Closing remarks by ADB

48 ANNEX 1

IV. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS:

No. Name Ministry Department Position

Myanmar Side Mandalay City Development 1 Mr. Tun Kyi - Committee Member Committee Mandalay City Development 2 Dr. Thwin Kyaw Kyaw - Committee Member Committee Mandalay City Development 3 Mr. Myunt Maung - Vice Mayor Committee Mandalay City Development 4 Mr. Aung Htay - Committee Member Committee Mandalay City Development 5 Mr. Khin Maung Tint - Committee Member Committee Mandalay City Development 6 Mr. Tin Maung Aye - Committee Member Committee Mandalay City Development 7 Mr. Zaw Myo Luin - Committee Member Committee Mandalay City Development Sub Assistant 8 Ms. Khin Thida Aung - Committee Engineer Mandalay City Development 9 Mr. Tun Win - Head of Department Committee Mandalay City Development 10 Mr. Sa Kyi Tun - AD Committee Mandalay City Development 11 Ms. Tin Myo Kyaw - AD Committee Mandalay City Development 12 Mr. Myo Aung - Head of Department Committee Mandalay City Development 13 Mr. Than Lwin - Head of Department Committee Mandalay City Development 14 Mr. Nay Win Myint - Head of Department Committee Mandalay City Development 15 Ms. Naing Naing Win D.D. (Finance) Head of Department Committee Mandalay City Development 16 Mr. Zaw Win - Head of Department Committee Mandalay City Development 17 Mr. Min Aung Phyoe - Staff Officer Committee Mandalay City Development Water Sanitation 18 Mr. Htay Win Branch Head Committee Department Mandalay City Development Water Sanitation 19 Mr. Khin Maung Thin Assistant Engineer Committee Department 20 Maxine Riou SUEZ PPTA 8472 Hydraulic Engineer Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement 21 Mr. Than Htut Swe Director Relief and Resettlement Department Mandalay City Development 22 Dr. Khine Khine Lwin - Admin Officer Committee General Administration 23 Mr. Tun Tun Win Ministry of Home Affairs Director Department Design Engineer / 24 Ms. Thel Su Wai Aung SUEZ PPTA 8472 AutoCAD Specialist Ministry of Agriculture and 25 Mr. Htay Oo Irrigation Department Director Irrigation Ministry of Agriculture and 26 Mr. Than Zaw Htwe Irrigation Department S.O. Irrigation Mandalay Technological 27 Dr. Zin Mar Lwin - Associate Professor University

49 ANNEX 1

No. Name Ministry Department Position Mandalay Technological 28 Ms. Aye Mya Thein - Lecturer University Department of Meteorology and 29 Mr. Than Zaw Ministry of Transport Assistant Director Hydrology, Mandalay Office Ms. Amie Mie Than Mandalay Technological 30 - Lecturer Han University CRC for water sensitive 31 Kerrie Burge - Research Officer cities CRC for water sensitive 32 Tony Wong - CDO cities 33 A Yude SUEZ - Engineer Mandalay City Development 34 Su Su Mon - Daily wages Committee Mandalay City Development 35 Ms. Hnin Yi Phue - Daily wages Committee Mandalay City Development 36 Ms. Aye Tait Zaw - Daily wages Committee ADB Consultant

37 Mr. Bertrand Clochard Asian Development Bank - Staff

38 Mr. Osamu Kondo Asian Development Bank - Staff

39 Mr. Hisaya Sawano ADB TA-8456 Part II-A ICHARM-PWRI Team Leader Training 40 Ms. Yoko Hagiwara ADB TA-8456 Part II-A ICHARM-PWRI Coordinator

(3) Mawlamyine

Date: 26 January 2016 Time: 9:00 – 12:30 (Myanmar Time) Place: Mawlamyine Township Development Committee Office (MWTDC), Mawlamyine, Myanmar

I. INTRODUCTION: The Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping (Mawlamyine) was conducted on 26 January 2016 with the presence of 23 participants. The meeting was hosted by Mawlamyien Township Development (MWTDC). The objectives of this workshop are 1) to introduce the progress and remaining activities of TA-8456, 2) to introduce the draft flood hazard maps developed under TA-8456, and 3) to discuss the contents and possible utilization/benefit of the flood hazard maps.

II. SUMMARY OF DICUSSION:

Opening Ceremony – Welcome and opening remarks Mr. Aung Min, Chairman of MWTDC, welcomed all the participants to the workshop. He stated that with the hazard map, Mon state and Mawlamyine will gain knowledge, and the hazard map which reflects the accurate information can be used to prevent hazard. He encouraged every respective departments to cooperate and provide information so that the correct and accurate information will be reflected in the current version of the flood hazard maps.

Next opening remarks were delivered by Mr. Kazuhiro Nakamura, Coordinator/Flood Management Expert of the ADB TA-8456 Part II-B Consultants. Mr. Nakamura briefly introduced the content of the ADB TA-8456 Part II project (hereinafter referred as to “the Project”) and the draft flood hazard

50 ANNEX 1 maps prepared under this project in collaboration with DMH. He emphasized that honest comments and information would be much appreciated and would be useful in order to further improve the flood hazard maps. He expressed his hope that the activities under TA-8456 Part II would assist the efforts of Mawlamyine city to reduce water-related disasters in future.

Session 1: Brief Explanation of the TA-8456 Part II Mr. Badri Shrestha, Flood and Storm Surge Risk Assessment Specialist of the ADB TA-8456 Part II Consultants, presented the objectives, summary of the progress made to date under the project, and the remaining work schedule. Mr. Shrestha presented the achievements under the work items including (1) needs assessment, (2) data collection, (3) hydro-meteorological analysis, (4) flood and storm surge risk assessment, (5) business plan for the DMH and (6) capacity development. Of these, the last three items are still on-going, and will be completed in 2016.

Q & A Session A participant questioned to clarify that whether all the items presented by Mr. Shrestha have already been completed, are on-going or will be conducted in future.

Mr. Shrestha, the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team, responded that needs assessment and data collection, and hydro-meteorological analysis, have been already completed. In addition, based on these data, the Consultant Team has prepared the current version of flood hazard maps as presented. Remaining parts of the Project are flood and storm surge risk assessment, development of business plan of DMH, and some part of capacity development.

A participant requested to elaborate further on the activities and findings of data collection and needs assessment.

Mr. Shrestha, the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team, responded that it has been already briefly explained in the presentation and the details can be found in the reports which the Project team has already distributed among the participants in April 2015.

Mr. Moe Kyaw, Assistant Director of the Mon State Government, shared the information on the Mon State Disaster Management Committee. The committee chairman is Prime Minister and is composed of 33 members. All of the members are the head officers of the relative Departments. The organization structure is as follow:

(1) Prime Minister (2) State Court Judge (3) State Government (4) All Ministers (5) State Law (6) Auditor General (7) South East Asia and Division General (8) State Police Force (9) Fire Services Department (10) State Development Committee (11) State Information and Public Relations department (12) Irrigation Department (13) Water Resources Utilization Department (14) Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (15) Water resource and improvement of river system (16) Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (17) Electricity Supply Enterprise (18) Ministry of Immigration (19) Oil and Gas (20) Mawlamyine University (21) Ministry of Education (22) Department of Public Health

51 ANNEX 1

(23) Department of Highways (24) Department of Human Settlement and Housing Development (25) Ministry of Railways (26) Retired Civil Servants (27) Mother and Child (28) Women affairs (29) Red Cross (30) One retired Director General (31) One environmental specialist from Mawlamyine University (32) Secretary from Mon State Government (33) Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement

Mr. Moe Kyaw mentioned that the scope of this Committee is very limited and may not be able to provide appropriate comments/information on the presented flood hazard maps. Mr. Kyaw suggested that the best outcome can be achieved by communicating and obtaining comments/information from survey teams who have the on-ground experience.

Session 2: Introduction of Flood Hazard Maps Mr. Kazuhiro Nakamura, Coordinator / Flood Management Expert of the ADB TA-8456 Part II-B Consultants, also made presentation on the general introduction of flood hazard map including steps for developing the flood hazard maps and how to validate, disseminate and utilize them. He also presented Japanese examples of flood hazard maps.

Q & A Session A participant commented on the presented flood hazard maps that the inundation area showed on the maps is only occurred during the rainy season, which means the inundation phenomenon is temporary. Therefore, it cannot be called as flooded or inundated. In addition, the participant suggested that only specialist or technicians should make the decision whether the information shown on the presented flood hazard maps is correct or not (the participant was concerned if the map is revised based on his comments, he will be responsible for the accuracy of the map and the information presented on the map).

In response to the comment, another participant encouraged related organizations to take responsibility and provide comments/information so that the actual conditions are reflected in the presented flood hazard maps.

A participant commented that the Consultant Team is drawing the map by referencing from Google, and the scale of the map is very rough. Only big area can show up on Google, therefore such small area which is being covered in the presented flood hazard maps cannot be shown up on Google. He also commented that the Project team has already distributed information among the related organizations, however he/his organization has not yet received any data or reports.

A participant responded that the Consultant Team has requested mainly the rainfall data, and the Consultant Team also conducted survey, for example “the usual inundated location or ward”. In response to the question, his organization commented that Tharyaryay is usually inundated during heavy rain but it is only temporary. The inundation information at Mawlamyine University is not correct (such information was not provided by their organization). In addition, the Consultant Team has used topography map from Google, and run the simulation in order to obtain the results. Therefore, it is suggested that the participants should provide the correct information which can be reflected in the presented flood hazard maps.

A participant questioned whether all representative departments received data from the Consultant Team

A participant commented that DMH Headquarter provided the Consultant Team with rainfall and highest elevation data.

52 ANNEX 1

A participant further elaborated that Director General of DMH also cooperates in discussion with their technicians about the scale. Based on the simulation results, the Consultant Team draws the flood hazard maps of a 100-year flood. The Consultant Team has only received data from DMH headquarter, but such data were gathered through site surveys and ground surveys which are roughly conducted.

A participant suggested that the Consultant Team should conduct ground surveys/measurements with technicians to identify the inundated areas which are being shown in the presented flood hazard maps, so that accurate and correct map can be prepared.

A participant commented on the conversion (cm/m to ft. /in) that the water depth is 0.5 m which is equal to one and half inch.

A participant commented that in case of Mawlamyine, the inundation is mainly caused by heavy rainfall, not due to overflow from the river. Even in Nyaung-U (middle area of Myanmar/dry area), exceeded amount of rainfall causes some sort of flood, but it cannot be count as usual or yearly flood. The participant encouraged related organizations, particularly DMH, Municipal, Irrigation Department (ID) and Rural Development Department, to review the presented flood hazard maps and point out the incorrect information.

A participant responded that the middle area of the map is the area where usually inundated. These areas are inundated when the river water level rises. However, the inundation information at Myaing Thar Yar, the Airport and the University are incorrect as these areas are not inundated.

The Consultant Team discussed and confirmed with participants on the following key items: - There is no plan of installing the gate (sluice gates or water gates) at the moment. Such structural works are concern with urban planning. If Prime Minister instructs ID to install such gates, then ID will proceed. - Installation of structural works is not the responsibility of Construction Department. Construction of water gate is done by ID or Municipal. Construction Department is only responsible for bridges and roads. - The Attran River is shown too small on the presented flood hazard map (which cannot see clearly), although it is a big river. - Labelling is required. - There is a creek which is not shown on the presented flood hazard map. - Additional map information could be provided to the Consultant Team (in CD). - Mawlamyine University is location on the hilly area, so it cannot be inundated. - Only rain water could inundate the pointed area, but no flood caused from river flow. When there is heavy rain, inundation occurs temporarily. As soon as it stops raining, inundation is also cleared instantly. - The pointed areas are possible to be flooded, because it is filled with drainage from the Attran River. When the Attran River overflows, these field areas can be flooded. - When tide from the Thanlwin River is high, the Attran River’s tide is also high. As soon as the tide goes down at the Thanlwin River, so does the Attran River’s tide and flood is cleared. And this occurs only during the rainy season. There is no inundation in summer even there is high tide.

Session 3: Discussion on Flood Hazard Mapping and its Contents The Consultant Team raised three questions, and all participants were asked to provide their answers and submit them in a written form to the Consultant Team. Collected responses (12participants submitted) were summarized below.

(1) What kind of information is important to be displayed on flood hazard map? No. Name Organization Response 1 Mr. Min Aung MWTDC (Staff-3) - Evacuation routes for emergency case Myat Ko - Well known landmarks for good reference - Office building - Main roads in the city or area 2 Ms. Khin Department of Relief - Citizens who live in the hazard area

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No. Name Organization Response Thandar Shwe and Resettlement - Annual flood/Inundation record (officer) - Flood/inundation measure - Habit (region) 3 Mr. Aye Than Myanmar Port - No answer Authority (MIM) 4 Mr. Bhome DWIR (D.D) - Should access local data from Municipal, Department of Kyaw Sein Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH), Irrigation Department (ID) and Department of Water Resources and Improvement of River System (DWIR) and should perform on-ground survey. - Topography, tide (river, stream and sea), rainfall, existence of Lock-gate or not and annual flood record. 5 Mr. Thein Myint DMH (Assistant - Analyse the topography of the townships and villages, differentiate Htay Director) between flood and inundation, prevent flood due to backwater effect and high rainfall intensity. - On-ground survey should be performed. 6 Ms. Ei Shwe Zin Department of Rural - No answer Myat Kyaw Development Affair (Mawlamyine Township) (Second Officer) 7 Mr. Tin Ko Ko Mawlamyine - Contain school, hospital, pagoda, monastery and public use Township - Shall use contour map Development - Datum base for sea level Committee (E.E.) - Datum base for high flood water level 8 Ms. Zin Thue MWTDC - No answer 9 Ms. Khin Hlay MWTDC - No answer Win 10 Ms. Phyu Phyu MWTDC (Staff-3) - Government office Thae - School - Railway Stations, airport, hospital, police station - University - Fire Station - Ocean Super Center 11 Ms. Khin Thidar MWTDC (Assistant - Location of the governmental office, buildings and public Lin Director) buildings should be shown or describe clearly on the map. (Example: Monasteries, halls and schools, etc.) 12 Mr. Aung Min Mawlamyine City - If there is possibility of flood at Mawlamyine, Chaungzon and Development Kyaikmayaw Townships due to the Mawlamyine + Chaungzone Committee Bridge and Mawlamyine + Mottama Bridge, please add 50years (Chairman) plan on this map. - For public knowledge, information should be showed with LED board at the public places and government departments.

(2) How to utilize flood hazard maps for disaster risk reduction? No. Name Organization Response 1 Mr. Min Aung MWTDC (Staff-3) - Can forecast the possibility of a flood and prepare for the disaster Myat Ko - Can locate the place of proposed safety camps or shelters and disseminate the information prior to the hazard. 2 Ms. Khin Department of Relief - Awareness workshops can be held by giving priority to the Thandar Shwe and Resettlement affected region (Township/villages). (officer) - Protection, prevention and reduction procedures can be performed. - Project locations can be chosen. 3 Mr. Aye Than Myanmar Port - Factories need to be located on the good location. Authority (MIM) 4 Mr. Bhome DWIR (D.D) - If factories are designed to construct with flood protection Kyaw Sein program or with land-fill design, it will prevent the factories’ waste water from flowing into the streams or rivers. 5 Mr. Thein DMH (Assistant - Can be used before construction of dams and bridges. (Example: Myint Htay Director) to construct above sea level in the hazard region) 6 Ms. Ei Shwe Department of Rural - No answer Zin Myat Kyaw Development Affair (Mawlamyine Township) (Second Officer) 7 Mr. Tin Ko Ko Mawlamyine Township - Use for town planning Development - Use for town extension

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No. Name Organization Response Committee (E.E.) - Use establish for industrial zone - Use for tourism 8 Ms. Zin Thue MWTDC - Estimate 9 Ms. Khin Hlay MWTDC - Should study drainage system Win - Information - By utilizing flood hazard maps, we can see flood areas and dangerous areas so we can prepare and protect for this flood areas. 10 Ms. Phyu Phyu MWTDC (Staff-3) - Drainage system Thae - Location of transportation and communication facilities - Management plan for preventive measures 11 Ms. Khin MWTDC (Assistant - The map should be shared/distributed to government departments Thidar Lin Director) and tourist agencies for public knowledge. 12 Mr. Aung Min Mawlamyine City - Protection plan should be submitted only after finishing the long Development term 50years plan map. Committee (Chairman)

(3) How to disseminate flood hazard maps for awareness-raising? No. Name Organization Response 1 Mr. Min Aung MWTDC (Staff-3) - Online publishing, billboard, at the corner of city rods Myat Ko - Newspaper - Radio Channels - Television - Seminars - Brochures and Pamphlet - Ward of mouth 2 Ms. Khin Department of Relief - Sharing the documents between departments and Thandar Shwe and Resettlement townships/villages. (officer) - Internet 3 Mr. Aye Than Myanmar Port -Publishing on Internet. Authority (MIM) 4 Mr. Bhome DWIR (D.D) - Soft copy and hard copy distribution to the State, District, Kyaw Sein Township and Ward. - Direct distribution of hard copy. - Video show with CD. - Publishing on Internet. - Uploading on Facebook will grab more attention from public and it is the most effective. - Newspaper, MRTV, MITV, MNTV, etc. 5 Mr. Thein DMH (Assistant - Hard copy, Internet Myint Htay Director) 6 Ms. Ei Shwe Department of Rural - No answer Zin Myat Kyaw Development Affair (Mawlamyine Township) (Second Officer) 7 Mr. Tin Ko Ko MWTDC (E.E.) - Announce at quarter administrative office - Announce at public use building - Announce at board of office - Announce from internet - Announce from Facebook 8 Ms. Zin Thue MWTDC - University and Schools - Should create enlightenment movie 9 Ms. Khin Hlay MWTDC - Television Show Win 10 Ms. Phyu Phyu MWTDC (Staff-3) - Social Network Thae - Newspaper - TV channel - Internet - Telephone, Fax 11 Ms. Khin MWTDC (Assistant - Publishing on Facebook, airing on television Thidar Lin Director) - Distributing or spreading at Township/villages offices and holding workshops by respective departments for public knowledge. 12 Mr. Aung Min Mawlamyine City - Announcing should be done ward by ward, sector by sector. Development - Pre on-ground survey should be done by townships Committee - Should cooperate with N.G.O. (Chairman)

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Closing remarks by Mr. Thein Myeid Hlay, Mr. Thein Myeid Hlay, Assistant Director of DMH expressed his appreciations to all participants.

Closing remarks by ADB Consultant Mr. Badri Shrestha, Flood and Storm Surge Risk Assessment Specialist of the ADB TA-8456 Part II Consultants, expressed appreciation to the participants for their active participation and contribution.

III. AGENDA:

Time Program [Workshop] Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping

Opening Ceremony - Welcome and opening remarks by Township Committee President 09:00-09:10 - Remarks by ADB Consultant

Session 1 Brief Explanation of the TA-8456 Part II 09:10-09:20  ADB TA-8456 Part II project activities

Group Photo 09:20-09:30

Session 2 Introduction of Flood Hazard Maps

 What is flood hazard map?  Utilization of flood hazard map 09:30-10:30  How to prepare flood hazard map  Preparation of flood hazard maps under the ADB TA-8456 Part II

Q&A

10:30-10:50 Break

Session 3 Discussions on Flood Hazard Mapping and its Contents

(1) What kind of information are required in flood hazard map (2) How to utilize flood hazard maps for disaster risk reduction 10:50-12:20 (3) How to disseminate flood hazard maps for awareness raising (4) Collecting your comments of draft flood hazard maps (3rd version)

(Delivery Items: Flood Hazard Maps (Third Draft), summary of comments on second draft flood hazard maps) Closing Ceremony

12:20-12:30 - Closing remarks by DMH - Closing remarks by ADB Consultant

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IV. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS: No. Name Ministry Department Position

Myanmar Side Mon State General 1 Mr. Myo Kyaw - Director Administration Department Mon State Development Assistant Chief 2 Mr. Byar No - Committee Engineer Mawlamyine Township 3 Mr. Aung Min - Chairman Development Committee Mawlamyine Township 4 Mr. Myint Thein - Deputy Director Development Committee Mawlamyine Township 5 Ms. Khin Thidar Lin - Assistant Director Development Committee Mawlamyine Township 6 Mr. Tin Ko Ko - Executive Engineer Development Committee Mawlamyine Township 7 Ms. Theingi Aung - Assistant Engineer Development Committee District General 8 Mr. Zarni Kyaw - Assistant Director Administration Department Ministry of Agriculture and 9 Mr. Kyaw Zay Latt Irrigation Department Staff Officer (Civil) Irrigation Ms. Ei Shwe Zin Department of Rural Deputy Staff 10 - Myat Kyaw Development Officer 11 Mr. Aye Than - State Port Authority State Port Officer Mr. Bhone Kyaw 12 Ministry of Transport DWIR State Staff Officer Sein Ms. Khin Thandar Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement 13 Staff Officer Shwe Relief and Resettlement Department Department of Mr. Thein Myint Meteorology and 14 Ministry of Transport Assistant Director Htay Hydrology, Mawlamyine Office Mawlamyine Township 15 Ms. Zin Thu Zar Hlet Engineering Department Staff Development Committee Mawlamyine Township 16 Ms. Khin Hlang Win Engineering Department Staff Development Committee Mawlamyine Township 17 Ms. Phyu Phyu Thae Engineering Department Staff Development Committee Mawlamyine Township 18 Ms. Honey Zin Engineering Department Staff Development Committee Mawlamyine Township 19 Ms. Thin Ei Sandar Engineering Department Staff Development Committee Mr. Min Aung Myat Mawlamyine Township 20 Engineering Department Staff-3 Ko Development Committee ADB Consultant Flood and Storm Surge Risk 21 Mr. Badri Shrestha ADB TA-8456 Part II-A ICHARM-PWRI Assessment Specialist Mr. Kazuhiro Coordinator / Flood 22 ADB TA-8456 Part II-A CTII Nakamura Management Expert Observer Hydrological, Hydraulic and 23 Mr. Yasushi Inoue - CTIE Storm Surge Modeling Engineer

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No.6: Final Workshop

Date: 23 May 2016 Time: 8:30 – 16:10 (Myanmar Time) Place: Royal Ace Hotel, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar

I. INTRODUCTION: The final workshop of ADB TA-8456 Part II (Flood Management) was held at Royal Ace Hotel in Nay Pyi Taw on 23 May 2016. The objectives of this workshop are (1) to introduce and share the outcomes of TA-8456 Part II, (2) to make a presentation of flood inundation modeling by the trainer candidates, and (3) to discuss future activities for flood risk management in Myanmar. The 45 people from Implementation Network Organizations, Myanmar Engineering Society (MES), Yangon Technological University (YTU), Mandalay Technological University (MTU), JICA, UNDP, the TA-8472 Consultant and the ADB TA-8456 Consultant Team attended the final workshop.

II. SUMMARY OF DICUSSION: Opening Ceremony – Opening remarks by DMH and ICHARM On behalf of the Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, Dr. Kyaw Moe Oo, Deputy Director General of DMH, delivered his opening remarks by extending sincere gratitude to ADB and the TA-8456 Part II Consultant Team including ICHARM, CTI and PASCO for their continuous and strong support to the Project. Afterward, Prof. Toshio Koike, Director of ICHARM, greeted and expressed his appreciation to all participants, and he highly recognized the activities of TA-8456 Part II.

Session -1: Brief Overall Explanation of ADB TA-8456 Part II (Flood Management) Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of ADB TA-8456 Part II, briefly explained overall activities and achievements of TA-8456 Part II. Session-2: Achievements of ADB TA-8456 Part II (Flood Management) Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of ADB TA-8456 Part II, explained on following topics: - Outline of RRI Model and Storm Surge Model - Introduction of flood hazard and disaster risk assessment - Summary of capacity development - Business plan of DMH - Enhancement of meteorological and hydrological monitoring system - Utilization of satellite images - Prevention of landslide disaster - Risk reduction by timeline plan

Q/A/Comments: 1) Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, a moderator of the workshop, questioned to the participants why hourly tide data cannot be obtained. Ms. Ye Ye Nyein, Director of Meteorology Division of DMH replied that the hourly tide data are available. Dr. Kaw Moe Oo, Deputy DG of DMH further elaborated that DMH installed two tidal stations in 2007, and DMH also installed one tidal station at Hainggyi Island under the JICA’s early warning project in 2014 and other stations are monitored by Myanmar Port Authority. Dr. Khin informed that hourly tidal data can be obtained from Maritime and Myanmar Port

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Authority. 2) Dr. Khin Maung Lwin pointed out the issues that the definitions of hazard, risk, and damage were not clearly understood by people during the last year flood. 3) Dr. Khin Maung Lwin asked DMH about necessity of establishment of observation stations in hilly and mountain areas and sharing information among stakeholders. Dr. Kaw Moe Oo, Deputy DG, replied that 3 or 4 stations are already installed in Chin State. To install stations, they need some process. Mr. Oo also stated that DMH share all meteorological, hydrological and seismological data with all other stakeholders through SSB or via phone. In future, DMH requires more dissemination systems. 4) Mr. Khin Maung Lwin commented that temperature is very high in mountainous areas and flash flood may occur. 5) Mr. Bertrand Clochard from ADB stated that the framework of the ADB project in Mandalay is installation of rain gauges to understand storm or flood situations in Mandalay area. Under this project, three (3) rain gauge systems and water level stations have been installed. Mr. Bertrand invited the PPTA consultant who is managing these stations to provide further information. Dr. Maxime Riou, the PPTA consultant, replied that regarding the rainfall gauging station, DMH, Irrigation and Water Utilization Management Department (IWUMD) and Mandalay City Development Committee (MCDC) collect the data since one rain gauge in the DMH compound; one in the IWUMD compound and one in the MCDC compound were installed. Regarding the water level stations, MCDC manages the stations and can provide the collected data to DMH, if DMH needs such data. Mr. Sawano stated the importance of rainfall observed data especially in hilly/mountainous areas to produce good results. 6) Dr. Khin Maung Lwin stated that ICHARM supported for the analysis about the landslide dam by using satellite images. 7) Prof. Toshio Koike, Director of ICHARM, also highlighted the importance of rain gauge stations in mountainous areas and monitoring of landslide dams. One of approaches is to use satellite data because installation and monitoring of rainfall stations in mountainous areas are very challenging. We can correct bias in satellite data by using ground gauge data. Prof Koike further elaborated that combining satellite data and rain gauge data; it would be useful for monitoring landslides in mountainous areas. 8) Mr. Hla Baw from Myanmar Engineering Society (MES) stated that, 30 to 40 years ago, MES installed rain gauges in mountainous areas; however it is difficult to maintain such gauges in mountainous areas because it is costly and difficult to access. 9) Mr. Kaw Moe Oo, Deputy Director General of DMH, asked that which organization is responsible for monitoring landslides in Japan. Mr. Hisaya Sawano replied that in Japan, the prefectural government is responsible, however, the national government provides supports if the scale of landslide is large. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) in Japan has the Sabo section, who is tackling this process. 10) Mr. Win Ohmar from Relief and Resettlement Department (RRD) stated that DMH will cooperate for erosion control. In Chin State, they also cooperate with other organizations. 11) Dr. Khin Maung Lwin stated the importance of the snake curve on presentation of Mr. Sawano regarding the business plan of DMH on the prevention of landslide disaster. He stated that water level can be calculated by satellite images and they need mechanism to estimate when the landslide dam will effect in the areas. Dr. Khin highlighted that Japan has many laws and it is recommended to be considered such laws for Myanmar as well.

Session-3: Flood and Coastal Flood Hazards Assessment

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In Session 3, trainer candidates of DMH and Irrigation Department (ID) presented as follows. 1) Presentaion-1: Dr. Than Naing (from Meteorology Division of DMH) presented on “Meteorological Analysis with Storm Surge Model and Coastal Flood Hazard Map”. 2) Presentation-2: Mr. Zaw Myo Khaing (from Hydrology Division of DMH) presented on “Hydrological Analysis with RRI Model and Flood and Coastal Flood Hazard Mapping for Mawlamyine”. 3) Presentation-3: Ms. Aye Aye Naing (from Hydrology Division of DMH) presented on “Hydrological Analysis with RRI Model and Flood and Coastal Flood Hazard Mapping for Yangon”. 4) Presentation-4: Ms. Khin Min Wun Soe (from Hydrology Division of DMH) presented on “Hydrological Analysis with RRI Model and Flood Hazard Mapping for Mandalay”. 5) Presentation-5: Dr. Aung Than Oo (from IWUMD) presented on “Flood Hazard and Disaster Risk Assessment in Bago River Basin.”

Q/A/Discussions: 1) Presentation-1: Storm Surge Analysis Ms. Khon Ra, Director of ID, informed that IWUMD has water level data of some rivers including the Pathein River, the Yazadine River, etc. However, only the highest and the lowest water level data are recorded and no hourly data is available. Ms. Khon Ra suggested that the survey need to be conducted at some selected areas to measure for 36 hours during the hot season in order to understand the fundamental of tide and to draw a tide graph. Dr. Than (Trainer Candidate of DMH) stated that in the current model, the normal tide data for every 6 hours are used to prepare the hourly data by interporating the data. However, the observed hourly data is necessary for Cyclone/Storm. A participant informed that there is a station namely Aye Village station which is located near Yangon. The hourly tide data is measured at this station; however the measurement has been stopped since 2013. A participant responded that such data would be very useful for the future study. Ms. Khon Ra mentioned that IWUMD has water level gauges in the Yangon area and they can share the data which they have. A participant informed about a correction on Page 2 Number 7 as “Cyclone Komen made landfall in Bangladesh”.

2) Presentation-2: Mawlamyine area Dr. Khin Maung Lwin asked to Mr. Khaing whether water from the Ataran River affected Mawlamyine. Mr. Khaing replied that the maximum inundated level is 1 to 2 m whereas the maximum level in the 2003 flood was 0.5 m. Therefore, Mawlmayine does not have severe damages and the inundation period is very short because of the topography and slopes. Mr. Maxime Riou, the ADB PPTA Consultant, stated that they also estimate flood in Mawlamyine based on the observed data only. Regarding the recommendations of Mr. Khaing on “need to install meteorological and hydrological observation stations near the Ataran River in Mawlamyine Township” and “update of DEM data, high resolution satellite images, river profile data, hydrological data and soil data to improve the simulation results”, Mr. Bertrand Clochard from ADB asked whether DMH can estimate the cost for these items. Ms. Khon Ra, Director of Irrigation Department, asked whether there are any water level stations in Mawlamyine for calibration. Mr. Khaing responded that model was calibrated by using satellite data. Ms. Khon Ra mentioned that IWUMD has a station in Kyeik Ma Yaw, and Ms. Ra proposed to share the data, if the data covered the 2013 event, for the analysis.

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Mr. Hla Baw, CEC of Myanmar Engineering Society, asked whether the three rivers including the Thanlwin, Jine and Attayan rivers are considered as the upstream boundary, or if not, how to select upstream boundary in the modeling. Mr. Khaing responded that the upstream boundary condition was considered in the RRI model simulation. A participant mentioned that all three rivers are combined and flowed into ocean. Therefore, water from the Thanlwin River will not affect the Atatran River basin. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the flow rate and water volume from upstream. A participant commented that all three rivers are big rivers and there will be back water effect. It was suggested that such effect should be considered in the current model. A participant agreed with the suggestion and responded that although it is very good idea to consider the backwater effect, however for the moment, the third effect which will directly affect Mawlmayine city is considered. A participant questioned about the effect by the bridges if more bridges are constructed at the junction of the streams. A participant responded that such kind of projects about bridge construction in the upstream would cause sedimentation in the downstream areas including Mawlamyine City. The sedimentation could cause alteration of water flow. A participant mentioned that the rate of salt water intrusion is increasing in the Thanlwin River and asked if there are any chances that such kind of effect might be found in the discussed area. A participant responded that such problem is found in some places along the bank constructed in Mawlamyine Township. In addition, the participant informed that such salt water intrusion was recorded during Cyclone Nargis. Therefore, the local people constructed new embankment in these affected areas. In addition, for the cultivation, the local people replay on water which flow from the mountain and water from drainage systems.

3) Presentation-3: Yangon area Dr. Khin Maung Lwin stated that at the time of discussion with Yangon City Development Committee (YCDC) on the RRI model simulation, YCDC suggested that the ADB Consultants Team include drainage points which work as exits of inundated water. He also mentioned that North Okkala Hospital was inundated with 2 m in every rainy season. However, during the previous meeting with YCDC in Yangon, they commented that there is no more inundation in North Okkala Hospital since they control the Ngamoeyeik Stream. Ms. Htay Htay Than, Director of DMH, responded that DMH does not have any gauging stations which can be used for the drainage studies, although they have tried to collect the data. Ms. Htay Htay Than further elaborated that drainage should be considered, but this analysis is not the final product, and in future, more information will be considered in the model and revised by reflecting comments and suggestions which are provided by the stakeholders and related organizations. She also stated that, 450 m grid size is used for the RRI model simulation and it is difficult to include the drainage system in 450 m grid size. There are a lot of data which can be input to improve the model in order to obtain better results in the future. In addition, she stated that bridge data should be considered in the models. Dr. Khin Maung Lwin stated that the model results should be submitted to other organizations and DMH should request their feedbacks on the model results to improve the simulation. Ms. Khon Ra, Director of IWUMD, stated that IWUMD also works in the Hlaing River, but it is difficult to know the way of the river channel because of sedimentation. Control gates can help to trap the sediments. Ms. Khon Ra also mentioned that IWUMD has one or two tide stations in Yangon but they do not have hourly data. 4) Presentation-4: Mandalay area Mr. Maxime Riou, the ADB PPTA Consultant, stated that to estimate maximum flood water it is necessary to consider dyke. The model applied in the TA will be useful for the analysis about water

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level changes due to river width, etc. Mr. Hisaya Sawano stated that in Mandalay, past activities also affect the results (e.g. activities in downstream of river affect in upstream areas) and it is required to conduct the statistical analysis.

5) Presentation-5: Bago area Mr. Sein Lwin, Directorate of Water Resources and Improvement of River System (DWIR) stated that they have used the IFAS model to look inundation in the Bago areas and there are dams in the Bago River. Mr. Sein Lwin wanted to confirm whether the results are realistic comparing to discharge. A participant informed that in their previous survey, it was found that the water level of the Bago River does not rely on the rainfall. In addition, sometimes the water level rise is recorded even though there is no rain. Dr. Aung Than Oo mentioned that, past 20 years, tide have never reached to the Bago River, however recently some tidal effect is observed in Bago. In addition, according to the rainfall data observed at DMH’s stations, discharge and heavy rainfall flood are one day difference. The discharge in the river depends on the amount of the rainfall within the catchment. Dr. Aung Than Oo also mentioned that there is Zaung Tu Dam which is the biggest dam in the area, and smaller dams were also constructed downstream of Zaung Tu Dam in order to control the water flow. Therefore, even though there is no rain in Bago, the combination of discharge from Zaung Tu dam, surface flow, soil moisture and runoff cause floods. This is very prominent in dry season. Because of the water released from Zaung Tu Dam, the discharge in dry season is same with the one in rainy season. Therefore, there is discharge even without any rain in the area.

Session-4: Flood Hazard Assessment for Recent Flood in Myanmar (Kale and Nyaung Don Areas) In Session 4, trainer candidates of DMH presented as follows. 1) Presentation-1: Ms. Aye Aye Naing (from Hydrology Division of DMH) presented on “Hydrological Analysis with RRI Model and Flood Hazard Assessment for Kale Area”. 2) Presentation-2: Mr. Zaw Myo Khaing (from Hydrology Division of DMH) presented on “Hydrological Analysis with RRI Model and Flood Hazard Assessment for Nyaung Don Area”.

Q/A/Discussion: 1) Presentation-1: Kale Dr. Khin Maung Lwin stated about sedimentation problems in Kale area and importance of survey data (e.g. river cross section). Mr. Sein Lwin, Deputy Director of DWIR, stated that in Kale, normally they do not survey cross-sections because they only focus on the purpose of navigation. Dr. Khin highlighted that it is very important to conduct field surveys in order to improve the results of analysis. Mr. Zaw Zaw Aye, Deputy Director of Department of Urban and Housing Development (DUHD), stated that the flood hazard maps are also important for capacity developments and suggested that DMH share the data with other organizations. Mr. Aye also mentioned that if too many colors are used in the map, it would be difficult to understand. He also mentioned that color ranges from light to dark for hazard maps would be much understandable. A participant commented that Kalay is located in the Sagaing Division, not in the Chin State. 2) Presentation-2: Nyaung Don Dr. Khin Maung Lwin stated that in northern of the Pan Hlaing River, water depth is about 50-56 feet

62 ANNEX 1 deep. In Nyaung Don, flow velocity is high. Mandalay will be flooded like a lake. On the other hand, the north side of Nyaung Don is high with 22 to 23 feet and the south side is low with 18 to 19 feet. Therefore, Nyaung Don will be washed away if severe flood occurs in Mandalay, because of the slope. When a bridge is constructed, the bank may collapse. To avoid this, water flow should be changed into the Ayeyarwady River. Dr. Khin emphasized that the Nyaung Don case is very important which all experts should pay attention to. Mr. Hisawa Sawano stated that in the Nyaung Don area, field survey was conducted by the ADB consultant team together with DMH staffs, IWUMD Staffs and General Administration Department (GAD) staffs on 18 May 2016 to understand the actual flood situation. Mr. Sawano also highlighted importance of cross-sectional data in order to improve the flood simulation results. In addition, Mr. Sawano mentioned that continuous follow-up activities are necessary. Mr. Hla Baw, CEC of Myanmar Engineering Society (MES), concerned on the effect of upstream boundary in Nyaung Don. Mr. Baw questioned if the analysis considered the Nga Won River and the Myit Ma Kha River which are located in the lower region Mr. Kaw Moe Oo, Deputy Director General of DMH mentioned that more study is necessary in Nyaung Don and asked Mr. Khaing to submit a report to the Ministry Office in Myanmar language. Mr. Zaw Myo Khaing responded to the question asked by Mr. Baw that those rivers were not considered in the Detailed Model. Mr. Khaing added the rainfall data and it was found that the most of the areas are inundated. In addition, Mr. Khaing responded to the request by Mr. Kaw Moe Oo that he will try to prepare and submit the report on Nyaung Don in Myanmar language. Dr. Khin Maung Lwin stated that most of the damages are cased due to the lack of awareness of the hydrodynamics of rivers. Dr. Khin Maung Lwin suggested that DWIR takes care of the Nyaung Don case and DMH takes care of the Kale case. In addition, Dr. Lwin mentioned that although Kale is located in Sagaing, it is also a hometown for Chin. Dr. Lwin mentioned that he hopes DWIR could handle the deforestation problem. A participant mentioned that there are two bridges according to the field survey, but very few considerations are given for the effect of the bridges which need to be improved in the next model. The embankment is raised by 5 more feet which is not included in the current model. Therefore, using more input data will provide the higher accuracy of the flood hazard map. Ms. Htay Htay Than, Director of DMH, mentioned that in future, more cross-sectional data are necessary for the modeling.

Session 5: Discussion on Utilization of Outcomes of the TA for Flood Disaster Risk Assessment in Myanmar and Way Forward 1) Nyaung Don Area: Dr. Khin Maung Lwin asked about consideration of dynamic of rivers. Ms. Htay Htay Than replied that they need more technicians to consider these data. Dr. Khin stated that DMH needs more experts for considering dynamic of rivers.

2) Kale Area: Mr. Hla Baw (from MES) mentioned that flood hazard map only reflects the present situation and they need to represent sedimentation problem in Kale. Mr. Baw also stated that Manipur and other surrounding areas are also necessary to consider. The Chindwin River mostly influences the Kale area. A participant mentioned that one of the causes of narrower stream sections is due to sedimentation. It is necessary to consider Manipu, Myittar, Yarzakyo and so on which lie near Kale, and which will be controlled in the future. Next important fact is the influence of the Chindwin River as the backwater effect of the Chindwin River would cause some flood. Currently, IWUMD is conducting the inspection works on the sections in order to control channels; however the effectiveness cannot be guaranteed.

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Ms. Htay Htay Than stated that flood hazard map is prepared by using the 2015 flood rainfall data and there might be a lot of changes (e.g. ricer cross-section, sedimentation etc.) after the flood. Therefore, if DMH could collect more data, the map will be improved. Dr. Khin Maung Lwin also stated that the estimation of the hazard area and relocation of the affected people prior to flood events should be carried out by utilizing the flood hazard maps. In addition, evacuation centers and new town plans can be prepared with the flood hazard maps. Ms. Khon Ra, Director of IWUMD, stated that to manage the dam, it is necessary to trap sediments. Ms. Khon Ra informed that IWUMD has already submitted funding requests to related organizations for the construction of the sediment traps. Ms. Khon Ra also mentioned that all embankments located in Nyaung Don are managed by the City Development Committee and some are controlled by ID. Most of the embankments are very old and lack of maintenance. Ms. Khon Ra suggested that more data should be added in the flood hazard maps (e.g. embankment data, sluice gate data, etc.). She also stated that IWUMD has some data for the Pan Hlaing River and discharge data for the Ayeyarwaddy River. Some of them are collected during the peak period. Prof. Toshio Koike, Director of ICHARM, highlighted that the river dynamic modeling and changing river characteristics are main issues and it is required to apply hydrodynamic models for such analysis. Prof. Koike also mentioned that ICHARM is developing a sediment transport model incorporating in the RRI model. Mr. Hisaya Sawano highlighted that a holistic approach is required for landslide disaster prevention. Discussion for outreach process is required. Dr. Khin mentioned that among three target cities (Yangon, Mandalay and Mawlamyine), Yangon has high possibility of sinking due to flood, tide and tube wells. Dr. Khin welcomed participants to share their opinions on how to prevent such issues by utilizing flood hazard maps.

3) Mandalay Area: Mr. Myo Aung, Head of Department of Mandalay City Development Committee, stated that MCDC discussed on flood hazard maps before. The covered area of the flood hazard map prepared by DMH under the TA is quite large. MCDC is only focusing on the Mandalay area. Mr. Aung also mentioned that embankment constructed by MCDC is higher than the danger level. In the rainy season, MCDC also use pumping systems to drain out flooding water like Osaka City, however, the Ayeyarwady River is not the responsibility of MCDC. Dr. Khin Maung Lwin mentioned that there were many lakes in Mandalay, now it is less because of population growth and development activities. Dr. Khin asked to MCDC about earthquake situation in Mandalay. Mr. Aung also mentioned that they have prepared the map for earthquake in 2012. 4) Yangon area: Mr. Kyaw Min Oo, Yangon City Development Committee, stated that in Yangon, they have drinking water supply system, drainage and sanitation problems. 5) Mawlamyine area: Mr. Tin Ko Ko, Mawlamyine Township Development Committee, stated that the Ataran River should be highlighted in the map as the river is the main cause of the floods in Mawlamyine. Mr. Tin also informed that IWUMD has some observation stations at the Ataran River and also mentioned that the eastern part of Mawlamyine is affected by flood. Mr. Tin highlighted the necessity of the regular observation at water level stations in Mawlamyine. A participant mentioned that most of the water gauges are destroyed which cannot be read anymore. 6) Bago area: Dr. Aung Than Oo, Assistant Director, Irrigation Department, informed that tidal data can be obtained from Myanmar Port Authority (MPA). Three-hourly tidal data can be downloaded from internet. There is also problem of salinity in underground water. IWUMD also highlighted salinity problem in Ayerwardy Delta.

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In addition, following discussion were also made. A participant clarified about the definition of hazard and risk as a cyclone in the ocean is a kind of hazard, while the possibility of the impact of hazard is risk. The participant introduced that as part of their 100 days plan, field surveys was conducted with Forestry Department in order to understand landslides. During the previous national government period, they have submitted a landslide proposal. As one out of nine priority plans in the 100 days plan, they have prioritized the construction of silt trap dam. However, they do not have adequate technicians nor budget for the construction of silt trap dam. This issue was discussed in the Parliament. In addition, the participant mentioned that a collaboration plan with IWUMD for silt trap dam is also included in their 100 days plan. Regarding the landslides, SSD is being installed at the Chin Mountain. At the time of their field survey, they have interviewed the local people of Sagaing and Kalay whether they have heard any noises from landslides. Some said they heard very loud noises and some said there was no loud noises. A participant mentioned that from the today’s presentation, it can be said that the sliding materials could be not only silt but also other kinds of sediments. Also +there will be difference in the acceleration due to the different heights. According to the presentation, some instruments, such as drop water level gauges are installed at the dam sites. With this kind of instruments combining with some internet images, it is possible to get the water level data. In addition, by studying their snake-curve, the scale of the disaster can be estimated. The participant informed that although Yazakyo Dam is considered as a secondary disaster area, during the last year flood event, Ine village from Harkar was totally vanished. The participant concluded that if these information and data are included in their study, they can prevent dam damages.

Closing Ceremony –Closing remarks by ADB, Part II-B team and DMH On behalf of the Asian Development Bank, Mr. Bertrand Clochard, Project Leader of TA-8456 delivered his closing remarks by extending sincere gratitude to DMH for their continuous and strong support to the Project. Mr. Bertrand mentioned that the preparation of the three additional hazard maps for the Bago River, Kale and Nyaung Don through TA-8456 Part II was very good example. In addition, he emphasized that many high-quality data is required to improve the flood hazard maps. Mr. Sawano, the team leader of the consultant team, expressed his appreciation to all participants and thanked long-cooperation from DMH and relevant organizations. He mentioned that it was very important that many issues were clarified through the Final Workshop. Mr. Sawano recommended that knowledge and experience in Myanmar to be transferred to the World for the promotion of flood risk reduction. Dr. Kyaw Moe Oo, Deputy Director General of DMH, emphasized the importance of cooperation and collaboration with related organizations including international donors. Dr. Oo wrapped up the Final Workshop with his sincerely appreciation to all participants.

III. AGENDA:

Time Program 08:30-09:00 Registration Opening Ceremony 09:00-09:10 - Welcome and opening remarks by Department of Meteorology and Hydrology - Remarks by ICHARM Session 1: Brief Overall Explanation of ADB TA-8456 Part II (Flood Management) 09:10-09:25  ADB TA-8456 Part II project activities 09:25-09:45 Group Photo/Break Session 2: Achievements of ADB TA-8456 Part II (Flood Management)

09:45-12:00  RRI Model and Storm Surge Model development and Results  Explanation of Flood Hazard and Costal Flood Hazard Maps

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Time Program  Flood Disaster Risk Assessment  Explanation of Capacity Development Activities: Training Programs on RRI Model and Storm Surge Model and Flood Disaster Risk Assessment  Business Plan of DMH

Questions & Answers Moderator: Dr. Khin Maung Lwin 12:00-13:00 Lunch Break Session 3: Flood and Coastal Flood Hazards Assessment  Meteorological Analysis with Storm Surge Model and Coastal Flood Hazard Map (by Meteorology Division, DMH) (15 min)  Hydrological Analysis with RRI Model and Flood and Coastal Flood Hazard Mapping for Mawlamyine (by Hydrology Division, DMH) (20 min)  Hydrological Analysis with RRI Model and Flood and Coastal Flood Hazard Mapping for Yangon (by Hydrology Division, DMH) (20 min) 13:00-14:30  Hydrological Analysis with RRI Model and Flood Hazard Mapping for Mandalay (by Hydrology Division, DMH) (15 min)  Flood Hazard and Disaster Risk Assessment in Bago River Basin (by Irrigation Department) (20 min)

(Note: Indicated time is including time for questions and answers)

14:30-14:45 Break Session 4: Flood Hazard Assessment for Recent Flood in Myanmar (Kale and Nyaung Don Areas)  Hydrological Analysis with RRI Model and Flood Hazard Assessment for Kale 14:45-15:15 Area (by Hydrology Division, DMH) (15 min)  Hydrological Analysis with RRI Model and Flood Hazard Assessment for Nyaung Don Area (by Hydrology Division, DMH) (15 min)

Session 5: Discussion on Utilization of Outcomes of the TA for Flood Disaster Risk Assessment in Myanmar and Way Forward  How to utilize outcomes of the TA (e.g. Flood and Coastal Flood Hazards Maps) 15:15-16:00 for disaster risk reduction  Way Forward for Flood Management in Myanmar Moderator : Dr. Khin Maung Lwin Closing Ceremony  Closing Remarks by ADB 16:00-16:10  Closing Remarks by ADB Consultant  Closing Remarks by DMH

IV. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS:

No. Name Ministry Department Position Myanmar Side 1 Ms. Tin Yi Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Director and Communication Hydrology 2 Ms. Htay Hay Than Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Director and Communication Hydrology 3 Mr. Thein Myint Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and A.D. Htay and Communication Hydrology 4 Dr. Than Naing Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Staff Officer and Communication Hydrology 5 Mr. Aung Ko Min Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Staff Officer and Communication Hydrology 6 Mr. Zaw Myo Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Deputy Superintendent Khaing and Communication Hydrology

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No. Name Ministry Department Position 7 Ms. May Sabai Oo Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Deputy Superintendent and Communication Hydrology 8 Mr. Aung Kyaw Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Deputy Superintendent Min and Communication Hydrology 9 Ms. Khin Min Wun Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Senor Observer Soe and Communication Hydrology 10 Ms. Aye Aye Naing Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Senor Observer and Communication Hydrology 11 Ms. Khaing Soe Oo Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Senor Observer and Communication Hydrology 12 Ms, Sandar Wai Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Senor Observer and Communication Hydrology 13 Ms. Thu Thu Nyein Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Senor Observer and Communication Hydrology 14 Mr. Thet Htoo Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Senor Observer Naing and Communication Hydrology 15 Mr. Tin Ko Ko - Mawlamyine Township E.E. Development Committee 16 Mr. Min Lwin - Department of Agriculture A.D. Planning 17 Mr. Kyaw Min Oo Yangon City Development A.E. Committee 18 Ms. Khon Ra Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Water Director Livestock and Utilization Management Irrigation Department 19 Ye Ye Nyein Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Director and Communication Hydrology 20 Mr. Hla Baw - Myanmar Engineering Society CEC.

21 Mr. Masahiko - Yangon City Development JICA Expert Suzuki Committee 22 Dr. Aung Than Oo Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Water Assistant Director Livestock and Utilization Management Irrigation Department 23 Ms. Khih Si Si Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Water A.R. Hlaing Livestock and Utilization Management Irrigation Department 24 Mr. Yoshihiko - - JICA team Uchikura 25 Mr. Sein Lwin Ministry of Transport Directorate of Water Dy. Dir. and Communications Resources and Improvement of River System 26 Mr. Aung Theik Ministry of Home General Administration Director Win Affairs Department 27 Mr. Aung Ko Ko Staff Officer Lin 28 Ms. Win Ohmar Ministry of Social Relief and Resettlement DD Welfare, Relief and Department Resettlement 29 Mr. Myo Aung - Mandalay City Development Head of Department Committee 30 Ms. Paing Nyo Nyo - Mandalay Technological Assistant Lecturer Thin University 31 Mr. Hein Lin Zaw Ministry of Land Survey Department A.D. Environmental Conservation and Forestry 32 Mr. Thant Zin Ministry of Transport Myanmar Port Authority Division Engineer and Communication

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No. Name Ministry Department Position 33 Maxine Riou - SUEZ PPTA 8472 Consultant

34 Dr. Kyaw Moe Oo Ministry of Transport Department Meteorology and Deputy Director and Communication Hydrology General 35 Hsu Man Kyaw - UNDP PA

36 Mr. Zaw Zaw Aye - DD

ADB Consultant 37 Mr. Bertrand - Asian Development Bank Urban Development Clochard Specialist (Water Supply and Sanitation) 38 Dr. Khin Maung - Asian Development Bank Moderator Lwin Consultant 39 Mr. Hisaya Sawano - TA PART II-A Team Leader / Flood (ICHARM-PWRI) Management Expert 40 Mr. Badri Shrestha - TA PART II-A Flood and Storm Surge (ICHARM-PWRI) Risk Assessment Specialist 41 Mr. Kazuhiro - TA PART II-B (CTI Coordinator / Flood Nakamura Engineering International Co., Management Expert Ltd.) 42 Mr. Takuya Yagami - TA PART II-B (CTI Hydrological-hydraulic Engineering Co., Ltd.) Modeling and Flood and Storm Surge Analysis Specialist 43 Mr. Yasushi Inoue - TA PART II-B (CTI Observer Engineering Co., Ltd.) 44 Ms. Sarii Kawai - TA PART II-B (CTI Observer Engineering International Co., Ltd.) Others 45 Mr. Toshio Koike - ICHARM Director of ICHARM

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No.7: Final Meeting

Date: 18 October 2016 Time: 9:00 – 12:30 (Myanmar Time) Place: Royal Ace Hotel, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar

I. INTRODUCTION: The final meeting of ADB TA-8456 Part II (Flood Management) was held at Royal Ace Hotel at Nay Pyi Taw on 18 October 2016. The objectives of this meeting were: 1) to introduce the final report of the TA-8456 Part II; and 2) to discuss the utilization of the outcomes of the TA for flood management in Myanmar and the way forward.

II. SUMMARY OF DICUSSION: Opening Ceremony – Opening remarks by DMH Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General (DG) of DMH, warmly welcomed all participants in the Final Meeting and expressed her sincere appreciation to ADB for the financial support of TA-8456 Part II and to ICHARM and CTI for their technical cooperation. She also expressed the appreciation to all relevant organizations for their active participation in the implementation of the project. She introduced the objectives and activities of this project and explained how this project had been developed since the first meeting with DMH on 7th August 2014 through official meetings, workshops and training activities. She also announced that DMH organized training to share knowledge and experience gained from this project. She noted the vulnerability of Myanmar to water related disasters and emphasized the necessity of appropriate infrastructure and investment. She also emphasized the necessity of ability to provide information on vulnerability, exposure and hazard, and to use this information to identify and reduce disaster risk. Then she highlighted the importance of upgrading the early warning system and creating flood hazard maps. She concluded her opening remarks by encouraging all the participants to actively participate in the meeting to pave the way for successful formulation of flood management in Myanmar.

Session 1: Final Report of ADB TA 8456 Part II (Flood Management) Mr. Hisaya Sawano, Team Leader of ADB TA-8456 Part II, explained overall activities and achievements of TA-8456 Part II, and also introduced latest flood hazard and coastal flood hazard maps. (Questions and Answers) Q. What is the benefit to develop a simulation model by using satellite data? A. (Mr. Sawano): Satellite data can show the instantaneous information of inundation area but can’t provide information continuously because there are intervals of capturing an image. A simulation model can provide information continuously to show how inundation area is changing and also can provide the information of inundation depth. So firstly a simulation model will be developed using satellite data and then used to simulate the conditions continuously. Q. How was the flood this year different from the one last year? A. (DG): Last year we had a big flood mainly caused by Cyclone Komen. This year the flood scale is not so high as last year, but some places recorded the largest flood this year. Q. What kind of satellite image do you use for flood analysis? A. (Mr. Sawano): MODIS was applied. Q. In the process of developing flood hazard maps, discussions were held with local governments. What kind of feedback did you get from the discussions? A. (Mr. Sawano): In the initial stage, we had discussion to determine the area to be mapped. After the initial analysis, we asked the local governments to check the maps of past floods reproduced by the simulation model, because there were limitations in the accuracy of the model. Then we adjusted the model so as to fit to the actual observation. Differences between simulation and observation are

69 ANNEX 1 mainly caused by the accuracy of DEM, difficulties of representation of the actual conditions of canals, etc. Another issue is to confirm the coloring of maps and necessary information that should be put on the map, such as important buildings. The target scale for flood hazard maps was another important issue to be discussed among organizations concerned, which are listed in Chapters 6 and 8. Comments (from ID): I would like to provide information on the Nyaung Don area. Last year a big flood took place and the maximum water level reached to 25.85m, and this year the maximum water level reached to 26.4m. Although the water level in this year was higher than that of last year, the flood damage was less this year than last year because we constructed structures to prevent bank erosion and also constructed embankment. These are our achievement for flood management. Q. To develop a flood damage curve in our country, which organization should lead this activities and what kind of data and information do we have to collect? I think we need cooperation among many departments. What is your opinion? A. (Mr. Sawano): For the development of flood damage curves, we have to collect damage data from various ministries. For example, agricultural damage data should be collected from the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation, and housing damage data should be collected from the Ministry of Construction. Then these damage data will be compiled and archived in the database system, which I hear currently RRD is preparing. Then we will have information on the overall damage condition at each location. Hazard information such as flood conditions should be collected by DMH as hydraulic information. Local conditions such as inundation depth can be collected by local governments, which can’t be obtained from satellite images. Then we can correlate the magnitude of hazard and resulting disaster damage to develop a damage curve. A data archiving system is important for this activity; therefore cooperation among organizations concerned is required. Data should be disaggregated to cover local municipal units as small as villages for analysis of correlation. Damage data is also required to verify the progress in the achievement of the targets stipulated in the Sendai Framework of Disaster Risk Reduction 2015 – 2030, which was adopted at the United Nations Disaster Risk Reduction Conference held in Sendai last year. It is beneficial to share the information and methodologies on collecting damage data among Asian countries. Q. How much can we rely on global data? A. (Mr. Sawano): Through our two years’ experience of this project in Myanmar, the developed model using global data shows certain agreement to the actual condition. But if we need to use the analysis for detailed design of a structure, we need more precise data. Satellite also can provide higher resolution data, but it is not free of charge. We purchased satellite data to improve the accuracy at the core area of the flood hazard map. For inundation analysis of a flood plain, ground survey data is ideal for DEM, while aerial photos can also can provide good resolution data, which should be developed and be available in Myanmar. Requirements of data quality should be examined by engineers in consideration of resolution and accuracy required for the purpose. Another important issue is the utilization of the benchmark for adjustment of satellite data. We can calibrate satellite data by using bench mark data if available. One remaining issue in this project is the confirmation of the zero point (datum level) of the bench mark and astronomical tidal data. We are not sure whether the zero point of the benchmark matches with and the zero point of astronomical tidal data equal, which should be verified. A. (DMH (in Myanmar language)): I developed damage curves for agricultural products, i.e., rice and beans, for Sedau Region of Myanmar. GRCM (Gel Retrieval and Comparative Mapping) was applied to spatial analysis, and the result was shown on the Google Map.

Session 2: Discussion on Utilization of Outcomes of the TA for Flood Management in Myanmar and Way Forward Mr. Sawano explained the business plan for DMH and recommendations for DMH and Implementation Network Organizations (Questions and Answers) Q. (Dr. Khin to IWUMD): With regard to the current flood forecasting system, is there any feedback on the change of water flow of the Ayeyarwady River by the construction of banks and dykes in the section from Nyaung Don to the Zalun?

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A. (IWUMD): We have developed a flood forecasting formula based on the accumulated data of upstream areas and past experience. But at present, due to sediment from upstream, this formula is not so reliable. We have to modify it because of the change of river cross section. Another issue is the diversion channel that is supposed to divert the flood water from Ayeyarwady River near Zalun; unfortunately in the last rainy season, only 9% of the river flow was diverted. Q. (Dr.Khin): Mr. Sawano, do you have any comment on this? A. (Mr. Sawano): In the river, intervention at one place may affect the river flow at other places. The impact of an intervention can go in both ways, from upstream to downstream and from downstream to upstream; therefore we have to check possible consequences of intervention systematically. A. (IWUMD (in Myanmar language)): The canal (from Zalun) mentioned may be the Wardala Drian canal. There is Wardala village near Zalun. We have collected and compiled all the information of water level at Zalun. The place is the point where the Ayeyarwady River diverges into two streams, and it is difficult to estimate how the flow is diverted. From our experience in other areas, the ratio of the flow increases year by year. We are now observing the change of the river. Comment (Dr. Khin (in Myanmar language)): We have to predict how the condition will change in the next 30 years. A. (IWUMD (in Myanmar language)): It will also depend on how the river bed will change. A. (Mr. Sawano): Sediment movement is sometime difficult to predict only by simulation. In Japan, we also conduct experiments to predict future movement. I hear that the Myanmar Government also has such facilities, so we recommend undertaking experiments as well. Q. (DG to Mr. Sawano): Thank you very much for the recommendations and identification of challenges. In flood hazard analysis, the challenge is the identification of the target scale of hazard through the consultation of organizations concerned. For identifying the target scale of flood hazard, what kind of information and data are required, and which departments should be involved in this process? A. (Mr. Sawano) To decide the target flood scale is not only an engineering issue but also a matter of social consensus. In Japan, the return period of 100 to 200 years is applied to the safety level of a river that passes through a big city such as Tokyo and Osaka, and 30-50 years for a river passing through local cities. It is the issue of the balance of investment for the target area to be protected. Cost benefit analysis contributes to this decision to evaluate the scale of preventive investment such as dyke construction. It is the issue of how we develop the country with maintaining good balance of investment. In Japan, we set the target scale, but the implementation requires a long period of time and we have to improve the safety level of rivers in both big cities and small cities. There is no formula that automatically calculates the target scale. Decisions should be made by the Myanmar Government based on the consensus among the organizations concerned, and we will assist by providing technical information. Q. (DG): The target scale is based on return periods. Is it right? And related organizations should decide whether it is appropriate or not. A. (Mr. Sawano): That’s right and the meaning of it should be understood by all related organizations in order to formulate the strategy of each organization in line with the target scale and to avoid unbalanced improvement activities of a river between upstream and downstream, because if the safety level will become higher upstream than downstream, more water from upstream areas will attack downstream areas, and downstream areas will be in danger. To verify this, we need a simulation model. Comment (JICA): With regard to the business plan of DMH, an important issue is to coordinate initiatives and existing programs by several donors to reach common goals while avoiding any duplication. JICA is implementing technical assistance of an early warning project. We prepare a timeline for cyclone and we will organize a workshop at the end of November or early December. We will invite partners including DMH, RRD, GAD and others to combine the efforts. Q. (Dr. Khin to GAD): How will the outcomes of this project be utilized and how will the information on flood hazard be delivered to local people?

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A. (GAD): We will report today’s meeting to our office. GAD plays a role in delivering the information to the local level. Currently, under the National Disaster Management Committee, there are 12 working committees in each state, region, district, township and village. Working groups are formed by village heads and the staff in the working committees, and the groups are working together at the field. Comment (Dr. Khin): How is it possible to upgrade the ability of the staff of GAD to process and disseminate meteorological data and information? Comment (Deputy DG of DMH): GAD sends information to the townships through the Common Alert Protocol System immediately after a disaster (earthquakes, cyclones, floods) occurs. GAD has about 1500 email addresses. Through those emails, people can receive information regarding the disaster immediately. GAD is in cooperation with the Irrigation Department, DMH, Red Cross, etc., for the Common Alert Protocol System. DMH organizes the National Monsoon Forum, which was previously organized only in Nay Pyi Taw but now the forum has been set up at 7or 8 places in the country. In the forum, we have programs on news and information released by DMH to help GAD, related departments and people to understand them easily. We are giving lectures on meteorology regarding disasters in disaster preparedness training programs organized by the Relief and Resettlement Department (RRD). DMH gives lectures two days per week at the training center of RRD in Hinzada. In Mingaladon, we are also giving lectures organized by GAD at the training center on meteorological data. What I would like to ask Mr. Sawano is how simulation models such as RRI and IFAS, which were developed in Japan, can be modified to be suitable for Myanmar? I think that IFAS is not necessarily suitable for Myanmar’s topographic conditions, and now we are testing the RRI model in the Chindwin river basin. Flood conditions depend on topographic, forest, terrain, and other conditions. Currently, we are using the stage correlation method and now we are trying to use the model. The important issue is to develop a forecasting system that is suitable and applicable to Myanmar. Q. (Dr. Khin to Mr. Sawano): How can you adjust the RRI model to Myanmar? A. (Mr. Sawano) The basic theory and structure of the RRI model can be applied to Myanmar. An important issue is to tune the model by adjusting its parameters or land elevation because the model is developed based on limitedly available data. The issue of Yangon is that we need two models to combine; one is for surface flow and the other is for the flow in the sewerage system. For a big flood like a 100-year flood, the RRI model is applicable because in such a situation, the sewerage system is already fully occupied with water. But for small-scale frequent floods such as 5 to 10-year floods, we have to evaluate the effectiveness of the sewerage system; therefore the combination model is required. There are several kinds of model available for the simulation of discharge, and we should select a suitable one considering the characteristics of each model. For example, the HECRAS model is good for mountainous areas or just for observing discharge in the river, but for the analysis of discharge in a flood plain with inundation, the RRI model is suitable. We are now applying the RRI Model also to mountainous areas in Japan. The RRI model is now used in the Chao Phraya Basin in Thailand for a flood warning system. An important issue is that we should know the characteristics and limitations of each model. The role of engineers is to know and handle such issues. Comment (in Myanmar language): The capacity building of focal departments such as General Administration Department to communicate information to the grass root level is important. Living with floods is another important issue; basically it is related to agriculture. Floods are unique in that water brought by them contributes to agriculture as water resources, which should also be considered. Comment (US Forest Service): I appreciate the challenges of recommendations. I work with three or four different types of data, which is a huge challenge. In terms of capacity development, we have an incredible human capability but we don’t take data in a uniform standard to make it accessible to all. I welcome the dialogue on standards, which will allow us to go to the next level. I believe it is a big issue that at some point you need to address or explore. Comment (ACC): One of the big challenges is making information easy to understand not only for people in the government but also for lay people. The biggest problem in the emergency operation center is telling people what they need to do with information we get. How best to manage floods is very important, which is not just during a flood, but also when preparing for it. People on the ground want to know “what does it mean for me?”, so it is important to ensure the collection of data, the extrapolation of that data, and put the data out through social media as long, medium and short term

72 ANNEX 1 warnings. Capacity development is important so that from the public up to the government, people exactly know what they want to provide. Comment (DG): With regard to flood warnings we provide, we try to simplify data for warning. Now we only show the danger level and provide information in feet though we measure it in cm, because the public mostly use feet. We receive advisory but public or user also can recommend whether our message is understandable. A. (Mr. Sawano): Last year we had a disaster in Japan and we investigated the opinions of local people on the warning. Then we found that there were issues on the warning, for example, during the heavy rain it was difficult to hear the message from the speaker outside, or the language used in the warning message was not understandable. I think it is beneficial to share such experience among all stakeholders to improve activities at the time of emergency. Q (ADB): I would like to know whether the scope is appropriate or too wide because the land slide issue requires geo-technical knowledge. A (Mr. Sawano): The scope for DMH is clearly noted, which is to produce and arrange flood hazard information. What we further include in the report is the issue to be taken by the Myanmar Government as the next step based on the information provided by DMH. Comment (Dr. Khin): Since this is the final meeting, I would like to make five comments as moderator. The first comment is about hydrological data. Before Nargis, only meteorological data was available but after Nargis, hydrological data came up. Now we can share hydrological data in many areas. The second comment is to use social media to deliver comprehensive information. IWUMD or GAD should try to link them to grass-roots people through such a device. The third comment is the durability of suggestions. We need to engage the operational layer of government officers for better governance. We need to organize not only this scale of meeting, which is expensive, but also informal meetings to involve operational level people, because this is our weakest point in the past 50 years. Investment is not reaching to this operational level, and governance is very poor. Therefore we just have to engage them, invite them and talk with them to improve governance. The forth comment is that we tend to look for big rivers such as Ayeyarwady River, but this year, small rivers have caused lots of troubles because of deforestation, slash and burning, and illegal digging. We need to focus on these issues and also ask support of international donors. The last comment is about changes for resilience. For example, now we are facing the issue of erosion that causes more problems to farmers; therefore we have to think about how we can improve our resilience for such issues.

Closing Ceremony Closing remarks by Director General of DMH Dr. Hrin Nei Thiam, Director General of DMH addressed the closing remarks. She appreciated the series of training programs including training of trainers, hydrological analysis and development of flood hazard maps and other achievements under the project. She emphasized that flood forecasting was a challenge in Myanmar because of occurrences of very severe floods, and DMH was a focal agency to issue flood warnings to announce the levels and areas of inundation. She noted that if DMH could fully use the RRI Model to show possible flood inundation areas, it would be very useful; therefore she requested that, if funding is possible, further utilization of the RRI Model should be promoted for flood warning. She also highlighted the development of flood hazard maps for three cities through this project, and noted that they were useful not only for evacuation but also for land use planning because so many information were in the maps; therefore she showed her expectations that the maps should be used effectively. She also expected that such flood hazard maps would be implemented in other cities. Closing remarks by ADB On behalf of the Asian Development Bank, Mr. Bertrand Clochard, Project Leader of TA-8456, delivered his closing remarks. He expressed his appreciation to all participants and extended sincere gratitude to DMH for providing the generous support for the project. He also thanked Japan for financial assistance offered by the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction. He also showed appreciation for the project team, ICHARM and CTI, that undertook the project with DMH. He noted that the objective of this TA was to provide reliable, usable and understandable information for urban planners, crisis

73 ANNEX 1

managers or even individuals to make sound and relevant decisions in terms of disaster risk prevention and post disaster response. He emphasized that to produce such information, there was a necessity to collect data from the field, process them and update regularly under the participation of all organizations. He explained that while ADB was trying to support flood management issues on the national and regional scales, ADB was also promoting flood management at the municipal level, which was currently being prepared in Mandalay, and once it proved to be successful, ADB would duplicate and update this approach to other cities. He also noted that climate change issues would be another challenge after this project.

III. AGENDA:

Time Program

09:00-09:30 Registration Opening Ceremony 09:30-09:35 - Welcome and opening remarks by DMH

09:35-09:45 Group Photo Session 1: Final Report of the ADB TA 8456 Part II (Flood Management)

 Overall Explanation of the Achievements of the ADB TA 8456 09:45-11:00  Explanation of Latest Flood Hazard and Costal Flood Hazard Maps  Others

Questions & Answers (Moderated by Dr. Khin Maung Lwin)

11:00-11:15 Break Session 2: Discussion on Utilization of Outcomes of the TA for Flood Management in Myanmar and Way Forward

 How to utilize outcomes of the TA for flood disaster risk

reduction 11:15-12:20

 Way Forward for Flood Management in Myanmar

Questions & Answers (Moderated by Dr. Khin Maung Lwin)

Closing Ceremony

12:20-12:30 - Closing Remarks by DMH - Closing Remarks by ADB

12:30-13:30 Lunch

74 ANNEX 1

IV. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS:

No. Name Ministry Department Position Myanmar Side 1 Dr. Hrin Nei Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology Director General Thiam Communications and Hydrology 2 Dr. Kyaw Moe Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology Deputy Director Oo Communications and Hydrology General 3 Ms. Tin Yi Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology Director Communications and Hydrology 4 Mr. Than Zaw Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology - Communications and Hydrology 5 Ms. Khaing Soe Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology Staff Officer Oo Communications and Hydrology 6 Ms. Myo Myat Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology Staff Officer Thu Communications and Hydrology 7 Ms. Thu Thu Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology Staff Officer Nyein Communications and Hydrology 8 Mr. Zaw Myo Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology Staff Officer Khaing Communications and Hydrology 9 Mr. Mg Mg Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology A.D. Aung Communications and Hydrology 10 Ms. Nyein Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology Deputy Director Nyein Naing Communications and Hydrology 11 Ms. Khin Cho Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology - Cho Shein Communications and Hydrology 12 Dr. Than Naing Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology - Communications and Hydrology 13 Mr. Thein Myint Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology - Htay Communications and Hydrology 14 Mr. Aung Kyaw Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology - Min Communications and Hydrology 15 Mr. Hla Tun Ministry of Transport and Department of Meteorology - Communications and Hydrology 16 Mr. Aye Lwin Ministry of Transport and Myanmar Port Authority - Communications 17 Mr. Hlaing Tun Ministry of Transport and Directorate of Water A.D. Communications Resources and Improvement of River System 18 Mr. Soe Hnin - Mandalay City Development A.D. Thein Committee 19 Mr. Aung Phyo Ministry of Construction Department of Urban and GIS, DroH Housing Development, 20 Mr. Tin Win - Land Survey Department Assistant Director

21 Mr. Aung Ko Ko Ministry of Home Affairs General Administration Staff Officer Lin Department 22 Ms. Khon Ra Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Water Director Livestock and Irrigation Utilization Management Department 23 Ms. Theingi Mawlmayine Township - Aung Development Committee 24 Ms. Nway Nway Yangon Technological Khaing University 25 Dr. Myint Myint - Mandalay Technological Professor/Head Khaing University 26 Ms. Noriko Japan International Sakurai Cooperation Agency, Myanmar 27 Mr.Rob - Australian Civilian Corps Director Kilpatrick

75 ANNEX 1

No. Name Ministry Department Position 28 Myat Htet Aung Consultant - US Forest Service Staff Officer Min 29 Don Price US Forest Service

ADB Consultant 30 Mr. Bertrand - Asian Development Bank Urban Development Clochard Specialist (Water Supply and Sanitation) 31 Dr. Khin Maung - Asian Development Bank Moderator Lwin Consultant 32 Mr. Hisaya - TA PART II-A Team Leader / Flood Sawano (ICHARM-PWRI) Management Expert 33 Mr. Kazuhiro - TA PART II-B (CTI Coordinator / Flood Nakamura Engineering International Co., Management Expert Ltd.)

76 ANNEX 1

ANNEX 2:

ACTIVITIES AND DESCRIPTION UNDERTAKEN

BY TA-8456

ANNEX 2: ACTIVITIES AND DESCRIPTION UNDERTAKEN BY TA-8456

Table 1 All Activities undertaken from July 2014 to October 2016 No. Month Activity Description July- Desk study for August 2014 collecting relevant information and 1 preparation of the preliminary draft inception report. August 2014 Prepared in  Preparation for the Pre-Inception Mission. consultation with  The Pre-Inception Mission was proposed (1) to introduce TA-8456 Part DMH and other II, and discuss the project activities and work plan with the Myanmar related organizations counterpart, and (2) to conduct field visits in Nay Pyi Taw and Yangon. 2 the draft schedule of Key agenda items included (i) outline of the draft Inception Report, (ii) the Inception Mission availability of data for flood and storm surge simulations and risk including field assessment, and (iii) confirmation of roles and responsibilities of DMH. surveys. Discussion was held with DMH Nay Pyi Taw office and DMH Yangon Office. August 2014 Conducted the  The Pre-Inception Mission was conducted from 6 to 10 August 2014. 3 Pre-Inception Mission  The consultant team had meetings with DMH Nay Pyi Taw office, DMH Yangon Office and JICA Myanmar Office. August 2014 Obtained advice from DMH on availability of data including 4 possible data sources and responsible agencies. August-Sept. Prepared Draft  The draft version of the Inception Report was prepared and it was 2014 Inception Report submitted to ADB on 29 August 2014.  The draft version of the Inception Report was submitted to DMH on 1 September 2014. 5  The draft version of the Inception Report was revised according to comments received from ADB.  The revised version of the Inception Report was presented in the Inception Meeting held on 16 September 2014. Sept. 2014 Prepared the activities  The Inception Mission aimed (1) to introduce and discuss the activities for the Inception and the work plan of TA-8456 Part II with the DMH, (2) to conduct 6 Meeting on 16 Inception Meeting in Nay Pyi Taw, and (3) to request related September 2014 organizations for their cooperation for smooth implementation of the TA-8456Part II. Sept. 2014 Prepared the agenda and contents of the 7 Inception Mission scheduled from 13 to 18 September 2014 Sept. 2014 Conducted the  The Inception Meeting was held on 16 September 2014 at DMH Nay Pyi Inception Mission Taw office. 8 including the Inception Meeting Sept. 2014 Meeting with ADB, DMH Nay Pyi Taw 9 office, Embassy of Japan and TA-8456 Part I Team Oct. 2014 Prepared the agenda  Mission to Myanmar in October 2014 was proposed 1) to brief each and contents of the member organization of the TA-8456 Implementation Network on the field visits and project activities, 2) to collect data/information which The consultant meetings with the team requested at the Inception Meeting in Nay Pyi Taw (16 September member organizations 2014) and request additional data/information, 3) to discuss with DMH 10 of the TA-8456 Part II on contents and methodology to be covered in the training program, and Implementation 4) to conduct field surveys in the flood prone areas of the 3 target cities. Network scheduled from 5 to 18 October 2014. Oct. 2014 Conducted meetings  The consultant team obtained the requested data/information for flood 11 with 27 offices of the and storm surge analysis and risk assessment from some member 14 organizations of organizations of the TA-8456 Part II Implementation Network and other

1 ANNEX 2 No. Month Activity Description the TA-8456 Part II relevant organizations. Implementation  ID expressed their willingness to send some officers to participate in the Network and other training activities of TA-8456 Part II in their meeting with TA-8456 Part relevant organizations II Consultants on 7 October 2014. Oct. 2014 Conducted field  The field surveys were conducted in Yangon, Bago, Mawlamyine and 12 surveys Mandalay from 7 to 17 October 2014. Oct. 2014 Conducted meetings  The consultant team and DMH discussed on training program and 13 with DMH Nay Pi methodology for the development of RRI Model and Storm Surge Model Taw office in the meeting on 17 October 2014. Oct. 2014 Finalization of  Based on the comments received during the Inception Mission, the Inception Report Inception Report was revised and finalized by the consultant team and it 14 was submitted to ADB on 20 October 2015.  ADB submitted the Inception Report to DMH on 21 October 2015. Oct. 2014 Prepared draft 15 meeting minutes and field survey reports Nov. 2014 Preparation of data  The consultant team checked all the collected data/information which request sheets and were obtained during the October 2014 Mission and identified missing 16 needs survey data/information. questionnaire form Nov. 2014 Meeting with DMH  The meeting was held on 25 November 2014 at DMH Nay Pi Taw office. The meeting aimed 1) to explain the outline of the training of RRI Model and Storm Surge Model, and 2) to request DMH’s support for the 17 data collection and sending needs survey questionnaire to the relevant organizations.

Nov. 2014 Meeting with  The meeting with ID Yangon office was held on 26 November 2014. ID 18 Irrigation Department identified three (3) officers to participate in all the training programs of (ID) TA-8456 Part II. Nov. 2014 Prepared the schedule  The consultant team prepared the schedule and draft contents of the for the Training on Training on RRI Model and Storm Surge Model based on the findings RRI Model and Storm gathered through the preliminary survey of DMH’s current capacity and 19 Surge Model. needs. ADB’s TV Conference System was tested to connect ADB Nay Pyi Taw office with ICHARM Office, Tsukuba, Japan on 25 November 2014. Nov.-Dec. Prepared TM-1  The consultant team prepared the TM-1 Training including its schedule, 20 2014 Training agenda, reference materials (mainly on RRI Model) and evaluation sheet for the training. Dec. 2014 Conducted TM-1  The Training on RRI Model (TM-1) was conducted on 19 December Training (19 2014 at ADB Nay Pyi Taw office by connecting ICHARM, Tsukuba, December 2014, via Japan via TV conference system. The DMH and ID trainees gathered in 21 TV conference the ADB Nay Pyi Taw office. system)  The overview of the TA and hydro-meteorological analysis and RRI model were explained in the training. Dec. 2014 Meeting with DMH  The meeting with DMH Nay Pyi Taw office was held on 19 December 2014. The meeting aimed 1) to discuss the preparation for the next 22 training in February 2015 at DMH Nay Pyi Taw Office and 2) to follow up the data collection and the needs survey. Jan.-Feb. Prepared TM-2  The consultant team agreed with DMH on the schedule (from 16 to 20 2015 Training February 2015) and draft contents of the TM-2 Training.  Conducted a pre-survey and evaluated/analyzed the current knowledge and experiences of each participant of the TM-2 Training.  Designed the contents and materials for the RRI Model and Storm Surge Model training based on the results of the pre-survey. 23  Prepared training materials for distribution in electric files.  Confirmed the participants for the next training on RRI Model and Storm Surge Model (TM-2): total 12 officers from DMH and ID for RRI model (from DMH Hydrological Division: 9 officers, ID: 3 officers). For the Storm Surge Model Training: 3 officers from DMH Meteorological Division.  Checked the status and function of all computers at DMH which were to be used at TM-2. January 2015 Prepared the survey  Obtained responses of needs survey from 10 organizations [Human report on needs Settlement and Housing Development (now called the Department of 24 assessment of DMH Urban and Housing Development, DUHD) submitted their response in and other May 2015] organizations related  Organized the responses into a tabular form, conducted analysis of the

2 ANNEX 2 No. Month Activity Description to flood risk needs of DMH and related organizations. assessment  Prepared the draft survey report on needs assessment. January 2015 Prepared the report on  Obtained data for flood assessment (RRI Model) from 4 organizations data collection: (DMH, DWIR, MPA, and ID), and organized the data/information into a (i) tabular form for further analysis. Hydro-meteorological  Analyzed the data whether they are sufficient for RRI simulation and Analysis, and RRI flood and storm surge analysis. Model and Storm  The collected data were found sufficient as a minimum requirement for Surge Model the development of RRI Model and Storm Surge Model for basic analysis. Utilization of additional data, such as rainfall, water level, discharge or tide data was also found recommendable in the flood and storm surge analysis if they become available. 25 (ii) Flood and Storm  Obtained data or information for risk assessment from 6 organizations Surge Risk (Yangon CDC, Department of Agriculture Planning, ID, GAD, RRD, Assessment and DWIR) and organized these data/information into a tabular form for further analysis.  Analyzed obtained data whether they can be used for the risk assessment. It was found that the data collected to date were not sufficient for basic risk assessment. Therefore, it was decided that this TA would use globally available data such as land cover, global system for damages information, HydroSHEDS topographical data etc. for the risk assessment. February Conducted TM-2  The consultant team conducted the Training on RRI Model and Storm 26 2015 Training Surge Model targeting the trainer candidates of DMH and ID from 16 to (16-20 February 2015) 20 February, 2015. Feb.-Mar. Followed up TM-2  Reviewed the homework on RRI Model and Storm Surge Model from 2015 Training TM-2 participants, and prepared tips on how to solve or deal with the 27 challenges and issues identified and presented by TM-2 participants. (The tips were shared with the TM-2 participants by email-based and discussed at TM-3 with hands-on training to solve the issues.) March 2015 Preparation for TM-3  Held the Internal Meeting of the consultant team on 23 March 2015 and 28 and TM-4 Training discussed the schedule and contents of TM-3 and TM-4 Training.  Subsequently, draft contents and schedule were prepared. March-April Finalized the survey  Followed up with the requested organizations to obtain the remaining 2015 reports on needs responses on needs survey. assessment of DMH  Finalized the draft survey report on needs assessment for capacity and other development of DMH and other organizations relevant to flood risk organizations relevant assessment 29 to flood risk  The survey report on needs assessment was submitted to ADB on 12 assessment March 2015. (Provisional Version)  In early April 2015, the survey report on needs assessment was revised according to ADB’s comments.  The revised provisional version of the survey report was submitted to DMH and other relevant organizations through DMH on 10 April 2015. March-April Finalized the report on  Finalized the draft report on data collection for hydro-meteorological 2015 data collection for analysis and flood and storm surge risk assessment. hydro-meteorological  The report on data collection was submitted to ADB on 12 March 2015. analysis and flood and  In early April, the report on data collection was revised according to 30 storm surge risk ADB’s comments. assessment  The revised provisional version of the report on data collection was (Provisional Version) submitted to DMH and other relevant organizations through DMH on 10 April 2015. March 2015 Prepared inundation  Held the Internal Meeting of the consultant team on 23 March 2015 and simulation analysis discussed how to develop inundation simulation analysis model with the with RRI Model and use of RRI Model for the 3 target cities. discussed approach to  The consultant team agreed to conduct a statistical analysis for deciding risk assessment target flood scale for this project.  The consultant team agreed to evaluate flood risk in urban area as well as 31 those in rural area. It was agreed that the latter will be conducted for estimation of agricultural damages.  It was also agreed to prepare a table to show detailed conditions for flood and storm surge analysis for each city such as target area for the simulation, size of calculation grid, etc. in order to also facilitate the use of the results for risk assessment. April 2015 Distributed  Sent provisional version of two reports (the survey report on needs provisional version of assessment and the report on data collection) and a questionnaire survey 32 the survey report on sheet to the DMH and to other relevant organizations through DMH, in needs assessment and order to confirm and revise the contents of the reports.

3 ANNEX 2 No. Month Activity Description report on data collection together with questionnaire survey sheet April 2015 Prepared detailed  Held the Internal Meeting of the consultant team on 17 April 2015 and 33 contents of TM-3 discussed the schedule (from 12 to 14 May 2015) and contents of TM-3 Training Training. April 2015 Prepared flood  Developed another flood inundation model with RRI Model which has inundation models of higher resolution than the model developed at TM-2 Training. The higher resolution for 3 consultant team decided that calculation grid of 500 m to be employed at 34 target cities with RRI TM-3 Training for evaluation of flood hazard for the three target cities. Model  The consultant team completed the development of the flood inundation analysis models for the 3 target cities with the use of RRI Model. April 2015 Prepared draft  The consultant team proposed the draft schedule and contents of TM-4 35 schedule and contents Training (4 days from 15 June 2015). The preparation activities for for TM-4 Training TM-4 Training were carried out. May 2015 Prepared detailed  Held the Internal Meeting of the consultant team on 1 May, 2015 to 36 contents of TM-3 and discuss the schedule and detailed contents of TM-3 and TM-4 Training TM-4 Training  Prepared a detailed training material of TM-3. May 2015 Conducted TM-3  Conducted TM-3 Training from 12 to 14 May 2015 (3 days including Training RRI Model Training for 2 days, Storm Surge Model Training for 1/2 day (12-14 May 2015) and Risk Assessment Training for 1/2 day) at DMH Nay Pyi Taw office with 20 participants from DMH and ID.  Had a meeting with Director General of DMH, Director of Hydrological Division, and other senior officers on 11 May 2015 to introduce the TM-3 Training program and to discuss the needs assessment and business plan for DMH. 37  In the TM-3 Training; 1) the homework on RRI Model and Storm Surge Model given at TM-2 in February 2015 was reviewed; 2) the participants learned the steps for utilizing RRI Model results, 3) the participants learned the basic steps for developing RRI Model, 4) the participants learned the basic steps for developing Storm Surge Model, and 5) the participants learned the basic concepts on risk assessment.  The homework of TM-3 Training on the development of RRI Model was given jointly with Ms. Htay Htay Than, Director of Hydrological Division, DMH, to the RRI Model trainer candidates. May 2015 Followed up the  Followed up with related organizations to obtain the remaining needs assessment responses. survey for DMH and  Mawlamyine TDC informed that they have submitted their comments in other organizations the report submitted by GAD Mawlamyine. The Human Settlement and relevant to flood risk Housing Development (now called the Department of Urban and 38 assessment Housing Development, DUHD) submitted their response to the needs assessment.  Revised draft survey report on needs assessment for capacity building of DMH and other relevant organizations based on their comments provided. May 2015 Finalized the reports  Followed up with related organizations to obtain their comments and on Data Collection for revisions on the Data Collection report for Flood and Strom Surge Risk 39 Flood and Storm Assessment. Surge Risk Assessment June 2015 Followed up TM-3  Held the Internal Meeting of the consultant team on 22 May 2015 to Training review the findings and results from TM-3 Training, and to discuss the schedule and contents of TM-4 and way forward.  Reviewed and analyzed the homework on RRI Model and Storm Surge 40 Model submitted from the TM-3 Training participants, and prepared the tips on how to solve or deal with the challenges and issues identified and presented by the TM-3 participants. (The tips were shared with the TM-3 participants by email-based and discussed at TM-4 with hands-on training to solve the issues.) June 2015 Prepared TM-4  Held the Internal Meeting of the consultant team on 6 June 2015 to Training and the discuss on the next mission to Myanmar including the detailed program Consultation Meeting and contents of TM-4 Training and draft agenda and contents of the 41 for Risk Assessment Consultation Meeting for Risk Assessment.  Prepared and finalized material for TM-4 Training.  Finalized detailed contents and schedule of the Mission to Myanmar. June 2015 Conducted TM-4  Conducted TM-4 Training from 15 to 17 June, 2015. 42 Training  Prior to TM-4, had a meeting with Deputy Director General of DMH,

4 ANNEX 2 No. Month Activity Description (15-17 June 2015) Director of Hydrological Division, and other senior officers of DMH to confirm the program of TM-4 Training.  In the TM-4 Training; i) the homework on RRI Model given at TM-3 in May 2015 was reviewed, ii) the flood analysis models for the three target cities with higher resolution were developed by using RRI Model, iii) the participants learned the utilization of RRI Model for flood management (e.g. preparation of hazard maps and establishment of flood forecasting system), and iv) the participants learned how to develop Storm Surge Model.  Some scheduled sessions were not held and/or canceled due to time constraint. It was decided that proposal would be made to DMH to conduct these remaining sessions (e.g. “Combination of RRI Model and Storm Surge Model”) during the next Mission (the Interim Mission in October 2015) to follow up TM-4 Training. June 2015 Held the Consultation  Held the Consultation Meeting for Risk Assessment on 18 June 2015. Meeting for Risk  In the meeting, trainer candidates of DMH and ID made presentations on Assessment the result of hazard analysis for the target cities (Yangon, Mandalay, and (18 June 2015) Mawlamyine) and Bago.  The consultant team explained the results of the needs survey in terms of its relevance to flood risk assessment. It also presented the importance 43 and benefit of flood hazard assessment and risk assessment.  RRD made a presentation to explain their activities on disaster risk management in Myanmar.  Discussions on how to prepare hazard maps and conduct risk assessment were moderated by Dr. Khin Maung Lwin, former senior level officer of the Myanmar Government. June 2015 Meeting with  The consultant team introduced the progress of TA-8456. Embassy of Japan in 44 Myanmar, JICA expert in YCDC July 2015 Followed up TM-4  Reviewed the questions from the participants (DMH and ID) collected Training during TM-4 Training, and prepared the tips on how to solve or deal with 45 the challenges and issues. The consultant team responded to the individual questions from the trainees by e-mail-based. July 2015 Commenced on the  The consultant team prepared and discussed the draft Table of Contents Preparation of the for the Interim Report. 46 Draft Interim Report  The consultant team started preparation of the annexes to the Interim Report including compiled training materials from TM-1 to TM-4. July- Followed up the data  The consultant team continued the collection of the data which would be August 2015 collection for risk necessary for risk assessment, particularly the housing data from DUHD assessment and population data from CDCs. For alternatives, the consultant team 47 contacted the distributors of such data (e.g., “LandScan”: population data of Myanmar) and made arrangement to purchase from them the most updated data in September 2015 when they will become available. August 2015 Followed up TM-1 to  Followed up via email with the participants of TM-1 to TM-4 Training. TM-4 Training, and  DMH assigned one of their trainer candidates to prepare their situation supported the use of report on the flood caused by Cyclone Komen (July/August 2015). The 48 RRI simulation for the consultant team provided support and relevant information to the DMH flood caused by officer in developing RRI simulation model for the affected areas. Cyclone Komen August 2015 Prepared the Interim  The consultant team continued drafting the Interim Report and started Report and other drafting other related documents such as (i) Training Material (compiled related documents training materials from TM-1 to TM-4), (ii) Trainer’s Notes (a guidebook for trainers which provides suggestions and guidance based 49 on the experiences from TM-1 to TM-4 Training and includes a checklist for their teaching, (iii) Promotional Brochure (a leaflet of two-page spread, double print 4 pages in A3 size to provide general description of TA-8456 Part II and a brief summary of the outputs for the three target cities for the use of its promotion to other countries). August – Prepared the Interim  The Interim Mission was scheduled from 11 to 17 October 2015. October 2015 Mission scheduled in  The consultant team prepared the schedule and programs of the Interim October 2015 Mission which consisted of the Follow-Up Training, the Interim (the Interim Meeting, Meeting, the Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping, and bilateral 50 the Workshop on meetings with DMH and meeting with related organizations. Flood Hazard Mapping, the Follow-Up Training on RRI Model and

5 ANNEX 2 No. Month Activity Description Storm Surge Model) August-Septe Prepared the Draft  The draft Interim Report was prepared prior to the Interim Mission. 51 mber 2015 Interim Report October 2015 Conducted Follow-up  Conducted the Follow-up Training program on RRI Model and Storm Training on RRI Surge Model on 12, 13, and 16 October, 2015 at DMH Nay Pyi Taw Model and Storm office. Surge Model  In this Follow-up Training; (i) The remaining sessions of TM-4 were offered to the trainer candidates of DMH and ID, (ii) The participants 52 learned the real-time operation on flood forecasting by using RRI model, (iii) the participants learned the methodology of hydrological statistical analysis, and (iv) The participants learned the basic steps of Storm Surge Model by developing several models based on the actual phenomena (such as Cyclone “Komen (2015)”, “Mara (2012)” and “Giri (2010)”. October 2015 Held the Interim  The consultant team, jointly with DMH and ADB, held the Interim Meeting Meeting of TA-8456 Part II on 14 October 2015 at DMH Nay Pyi Taw office. The Interim Meeting was divided into two parts (i) Part A: Progress and Remaining Activities of the TA-8456 Part II, (ii) Part B: Risk Assessment. DMH and ID attended Part A, and member organizations of the TA-8456 Part II Implementation Network participated in Part B.  In the Part A; 1) Progress and achievements of the TA-8456 Part II were 53 presented; 2) The strategies for implementing the remaining project activities were discussed, and 3) Way forward and possible use of the project’s outputs after the completion of the project were discussed.  In the Part B; 1) The risk assessment related activities of the TA were explained; 2) The importance and necessity of flood disaster risk assessment for flood management was presented; and 3) How to conduct flood risk assessment for this TA was discussed. The representative of YCDC, MCDC, MWTDC, and GAD made presentations on their activities of flood management. October 2015 Conducted the  The consultant team, jointly with DMH and ADB, organized the Workshop on Flood Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping on 15 October 2015 at DMH Nay Hazard Mapping Pyi Taw office.  In the workshop; 1) The importance of flood hazard maps was presented by introducing the possible utilization and benefit of the flood hazard maps; 2) Methodologies for flood hazard mapping were introduced; 3) 54 Draft flood hazard maps of the three targeted cities Yangon, Mandalay and Mawlamyine were presented; and 4) How to revise these draft flood hazard maps for Yangon, Mandalay and Mawlamyine to make them more useful was discussed.  Representatives from the member organizations of the TA-8456 Part II Implementation Network participated in the Workshop and provided their feedback. October 2015 Technical Discussion  Had technical discussion with trainer candidates of DMH and ID on 15 with trainer candidates October 2015 at DMH Nay Pyi Taw office. of DMH and ID  Discussed technical issues on RRI and Storm Surge Modeling as well as 55 the contents of the compiled training material.  Requested the participants to send their written feedback on the compiled training material within 3 weeks from the discussion. October 2015 Meeting with JICA,  The consultant team introduced the progress of TA-8456. Embassy of Japan in 56 Myanmar, JICA Expert in YCDC October Conducted urgent  The consultant team conducted urgent questionnaire survey on Cyclone 2015 questionnaire survey “Komen” in order to clarify actual activities of organizations relevant to about Cyclone flood management during disaster, and to analyze issues on flood 57 “Komen” management in Myanmar.  The result of their answers would be utilized for establishment of business plans for DMH. November Conducted follow-up  Questionnaire survey on flood hazard mapping was conducted in order to 2015 activities on promote flood hazard maps and collect local information for Workshop on Flood improvement of current flood hazard maps which were prepared by 58 Hazard Mapping held DMH and the consultant team. on October  The comments and opinions from their answers would be confirmed at work shop on flood hazard mapping at three target cities next year. December Prepared for  The consultant team arranged the schedule and contents of workshop on 59 2015 workshop on Flood flood hazard mapping and follow-up training in cooperation with DMH. Hazard Mapping at  The consultants prepared materials on workshop and follow-up training.

6 ANNEX 2 No. Month Activity Description three target cities and follow-up training January Conducted Work  The consultant team has organized workshops on Flood Hazard Mapping 2016 Shop on Flood Hazard and several meetings with related organizations at three target cities Mapping at three (Yangon, Mandalay and Mawlamyine). targets cities.  In the workshops, (i) needs and importance of flood hazard maps were 60 explained to participants (ii) comments and recommendations on draft flood hazard maps from local participants were collected, (iii) necessary information to be described in the maps was discussed, (iv) utilization of flood hazard maps for disaster prevention in Myanmar were discussed. January Conducted Follow-up  Follow-up trainings on RRI model and Storm Surge model at 2016 Training on RRI Multi-Hazard Early Warning Center were conducted. 61 Model and Storm  The consultant team explained the preparation of coastal flood hazard Surge Model map by using RRI Model and the result from Storm Surge Model (hybrid model). February Follow up activities  The consultant team supported the modeling activities of DMH via 62 2016 on model e-mail. development March Prepared for Training  The consultant team arranged the schedule and contents of workshop on 2016 on Flood Disaster flood risk assessment and follow-up training in cooperation with DMH. Risk Assessment and  The consultants prepared materials on workshop and follow-up training. 63 Follow-up Training on RRI Model and Storm Surge Model March-April Conducted Training  The consultant team organized the Workshop on Flood Risk Assessment 64 2016 on Flood Disaster and conducted hands-on training on damage estimation. Risk Assessment March-April Conducted Follow-up  Follow-up trainings on RRI model and Storm Surge model at 2016 Training on RRI Multi-Hazard Early Warning Center were conducted. Model and Storm  The consultant team conducted training on ArcGIS in preparation for 65 Surge Model flood hazard/coastal hazard mappings.  The consultants introduced the updated Graphic User Interface (GUI) and explained the additional functions (import digital elevation data). April Prepared for final  The consultant team arranged the schedule and contents of final 66 2016 workshop in Nay Pyi workshop through discussion with DMH. Taw April Prepared the Draft  The draft Final Report was prepared prior to the Final Workshop. 67 2016 Final Report and other related documents May Follow up activities  The consultant team conducted follow-up training on RRI Model and 68 2016 on model storm surge model in preparation of final workshop. development  The consultant team supported the presentation of trainers candidates May Final workshop  The consultant team held the Final Workshop in cooperation with DMH 69 2016 on 23 May 2016 at Royal Ace Hotel, Nay Pyi Taw May to June Prepared the Final  The Final Report was prepared according to the comments from the 70 2016 Report and other Final Workshop. related documents May 2016 Meeting with JICA,  The consultant team introduced the progress of TA-8456. JICA Expert in 71 YCDC, Yangon Technological University June Meeting with DMH,  The consultant team introduced Preliminary Version of Final Report 2016 IWUMD, RRD, DWIR, YCDC, 72 Embassy of Japan in Myanmar, JICA, UNDP and ADB TA-8456 Part-I August 2016 Meeting with Chief  The consultant team introduced Preliminary Version of Final Report and Minister of Yangon flood and coastal flood hazard maps Regional Government, DMH, DOP and DOA 73 (MOALI), Mayor of YCDC, JICA expert in MPA, Embassy of Japan in Myanmar and JICA

7 ANNEX 2 No. Month Activity Description Sept.-Nov. Prepared final report  The consultant team prepared final report for Final Meeting held in 2016 October 2016 and introduced in the meeting 74  The consultant team improved the flood hazard and coastal flood hazard maps using bench mark data.  The consultant team finalized the final report. Oct. 2016 Final Meeting  The consultant team held the Final Meeting in cooperation with DMH on 75 18 October 2016 at Royal Ace Hotel, Nay Pyi Taw. Oct. 2016 Meeting with DMH,  The consultant team introduced the prepared Final Report for Final DWIR, Embassy of Meeting and flood and coastal flood hazard maps. Japan, JICA, YCDC  The consultant team conducted field survey in Thilawa Port area (JICA Advisor on (Myanmar Japan Thilawa Development area) to investigate tidal Greater Yangon observation and existing bench mark. Urban Development Program, JICA study team on “The Project for Updating the 76 Strategic Urban Development Plan of the Greater Yangon”, JICA Advisor on Water and Sanitation) Field survey in Thilawa Port area (Myanmar Japan Thilawa Development)

8 ANNEX 2

ANNEX 3: LIST OF THE MEETINGS CONDUCTED UNDER TA-8456

ANNEX 3: LIST OF THE MEETINGS CONDUCTED UNDER TA-8456 PART II

1. List of Meetings

Table 1 List of Meetings held in Myanmar (from August 2014 to October 2016) Date Time City Meeting with Aug. 2014 Mission: Aug. 06 – 09, 2014 7 August 2014 13:20 – 15:40 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 8 August 2014 10:40 – 11:40 Yangon DMH Yangon 8 August 2014 14:00 – 14:30 Yangon JICA Sept. 2014 Mission: 13 – 17 Sept. 2014 14 Sept. 2014 9:55 – 11:20 Yangon Embassy of Japan in Myanmar 15 Sept 2014 9:15 – 12:30 Nay Pyi Taw ADB 14:00 – 16:30 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 16 Sept 2014 10:00 – 11:00 Nay Pyi Taw RRD 14:00 – 16:00 Nay Pyi Taw Inception Meeting 17 Sept 2014 9:00 – 10:30 Nay Pyi Taw ADB & Part I Oct. 2014 Mission: 6 – 17 Oct. 2014 6 Oct 201 9:45 – 17:00 Nay Pyi Taw Pre-workshop, DMH 9:00 – 10:30 Nay Pyi Taw GAD 7 Oct 2014 13:30-14:30 Nay Pyi Taw WRUD 15:30 – 16:40 Nay Pyi Taw ID 9:00 – 10:30 Yangon YCDC 11:00 – 12:15 Yangon YGAD 13:30 – 14:20 Yangon MPA 9 Oct 2014 14:00- 15:00 Yangon UNDP 15:30 – 16:40 Yangon MES 16:30 – 17:15 Yangon JICA 9:50 – 10:30 Yangon DMH Yangon 11:00 – 12:20 Yangon ID Yangon 10 Oct 2014 11:10 – 12:15 Yangon TA-8456 Part I 13:15 – 19:00 Yangon Field Trip 11:30 – 13:00 Bago Field Trip 11 Oct 2014 19:00 – 20:00 Mawlamyine DMH Mawlmayine 12 Oct 2014 8:00 – 18:00 Mawlamyine Field Trip 13:00 – 14:00 Mawlamyine MWCDC 9:00 – 10:00 Mawlamyine DMH Mawlamyine 13 Oct 2014 11:00 – 12:00 Mawlamyine MWGAD 14:45 – 16:30 Mawlamyine ID Mawlamyine 14 Oct 2014 7:30 – 15:30 Mawlamyine Field Trip 13:15 – 14:15 Mandalay MCDC 11:10 – 12:10 Mandalay ADB TA 8472 8:50 – 20:00 Mandalay DMH Mandalay 15 Oct 2014 11:15 – 12:15 Mandalay MGAD 15:00 – 16:00 Mandalay ID Mandalay 16:30 – 17:00 Mandalay Field Trip 16 Oct 2014 9:00 – 15:30 Mandalay Field Trip 9:00 – 10:30 Nay Pyi Taw DAP 9:35 – 10:20 Nay Pyi Taw HSHD 17 Oct 2014 11:00 – 12:10 Nay Pyi Taw DWIR 11:00 – 12:00 Nay Pyi Taw RRD 14:00 – 16:10 Nay Pyi Taw DMH Nov. 2014 Mission: 25 – 26 Nov. 2014 25 Nov 2014 14:30 – 15:30 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 26 Nov 2014 10:30 – 11:00 Nay Pyi Taw ID

1 ANNEX 3 Date Time City Meeting with Dec. 2014 Mission: 19 Dec. 2014 9:00 – 12:00 Nay Pyi Taw TM-1: DMH & ID 19 Dec 2014 14:00 – 14:30 Nay Pyi Taw DMH Feb. 2015 Mission: 16 – 20 Feb. 2015 16 Feb 2015 9:00 – 16:00 Nay Pyi Taw TM-2: DMH & ID 17 Feb 2015 9:00 – 16:00 Nay Pyi Taw TM-2: DMH & ID

18 Feb 2015 9:00 – 15:00 Nay Pyi Taw TM-2: DMH & ID - Nay Pyi Taw DMH 19 Feb 2015 9:00 – 15:30 Nay Pyi Taw TM-2: DMH & ID 14:30 – 15:30 Nay Pyi Taw RRD 20 Feb 2015 9:00 – 15:50 Nay Pyi Taw TM-2: DMH & ID May 2015 Mission: 11 – 15May 2015 11 May 2015 9:30 – 16:30 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 12 May 2015 9:15 – 16:00 Nay Pyi Taw TM-3: DMH & ID 13 May 2015 9:15 – 15:30 Nay Pyi Taw TM-3: DMH & ID 14 May 2015 9:15 – 15:40 Nay Pyi Taw TM-3: DMH & ID June 2015 Mission: 15 – 18 June 2015 9:10 – 10:00 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 15 June 2015 9:45 – 16:00 Nay Pyi Taw TM-4: DMH & ID 9:15 – 16:00 Nay Pyi Taw TM-4: DMH & ID 16 June 2015 14:30 – 15:30 Nay Pyi Taw RRD 16:30 – 17:15 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 9:15 – 16:10 Nay Pyi Taw TM-4: DMH & ID 17 June 2015 15:45 – 17:00 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 18 June 2015 9:30 – 15:00 Nay Pyi Taw Consultation Meeting 10:00~ Yangon Embassy of Japan in Myanmar 19 June 2015 13:30 ~ Yangon JICA Expert in YCDC October 2015 Mission: 12 – 16 June 2015 10:10 - 10:30 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 12 October 2015 9:50 - 10:00 Nay Pyi Taw Follow-up Training: DMH & ID 10:45 - 16:15 Nay Pyi Taw Follow-up Training: DMH & ID 9:10 - 16:30 Nay Pyi Taw Follow-up Training: DMH & ID 13 October 2015 12:00 – 13:00 Nay Pyi Taw JICA 13:30 – 14:30 Nay Pyi Taw Dr. Khin Maung Lwin 15:30 – 16:45 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 9:15 - 12:05 Nay Pyi Taw Interim Meeting Part A 14 October 2015 13:10 - 16:10 Nay Pyi Taw Interim Meeting Part B Workshop on Flood Hazard 9:15 - 12:00 Nay Pyi Taw Mapping 15 October 2015 13:20 - 16:15 Nay Pyi Taw Follow-up Training: DMH & ID 13:50 - 14:45 Nay Pyi Taw ADB, TA-8456 Part I & II 14:50- 15:50 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 10:00 - 16:00 Nay Pyi Taw Follow-up Training: DMH & ID 10:00 - 16:00 Nay Pyi Taw Follow-up Training: DMH & ID 16 October 2015 13:00 – 14:00 Yangon JICA Expert in YCDC 15:15 – 16:45 Yangon UNDP Yangon Embassy of Japan in Myanmar January 2016 Mission: 25 – 29 January 2016 9:20 – 10:00 Yangon DMH Yangon Office 25 January 2016 13:00 – 16:30 Yangon Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping at YCDC

2 ANNEX 3 Date Time City Meeting with 18:00 - Yangon DWIR 13:40 – 14:45 Mawlamyine DMH Mawlamyine Office 15:10 – 17:00 Mawlamyine MWTDC Nay Pyi Taw Follow-Up Training: DMH & ID 9:00 – 11:00 Yangon UNDP at ADB Workshop on Myanmar National Framework on Community Disaster Resilience 26 January 2016 13:00 – 13:35 Yangon Yangon Technological University 9:00 – 12:30 Mawlamyine Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping at MWTDC Nay Pyi Taw Follow-Up Training: DMH & ID 9:15 – 9:40 Mandalay DMH Mandalay Office 9:50 – 10:20 Mandalay Mr. Tun Kyi, MCDC 10:20 – 11:00 Mandalay MCDC 14:00 – 14:50 Mandalay Mandalay Technological 27 January 2016 University 15:30 – 18:20 Mandalay ADB PPTA8472 project and RDTA9025 Nay Pyi Taw Follow-Up Training: DMH & ID 9:00 – 12:30 Mandalay Workshop on Flood Hazard Mapping at MCDC 28 January 2016 13:45 – 14:20 Mandalay ADB PPTA8472 Project Nay Pyi Taw Follow-Up Training: DMH & ID Nay Pyi Taw DMH 9:55 – 10:30 Nay Pyi Taw RRD 11:00 – 12:30 Nay Pyi Taw ID 29 January 2016 Nay Pyi Taw Follow-Up Training: DMH & ID 13:20 – 16:10 Nay Pyi Taw DMH March/April 2016 Mission: 30 March– 6 April 2016 9:00 – 9:30 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 30 March 2016 9:40 - Nay Pyi Taw Follow-Up Training: DMH & ID 31 March 2016 9:30 - Nay Pyi Taw Follow-Up Training: DMH & ID 9:30 - Nay Pyi Taw Follow-Up Training: DMH & ID 1 April 2016 15:00 –16:30 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 9:30 – 10:00 Nay Pyi Taw DAP 4 April 2016 10:15 - Nay Pyi Taw Follow-Up Training: DMH & ID 9:30 - Nay Pyi Taw Follow-Up Training: DMH & ID 5 April 2016 15:30 – 16:00 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 6 April 2016 9:30 - Nay Pyi Taw Follow-Up Training: DMH & ID May 2016 Mission: 17 – 25 May 2016 18 May 2016 8:30 – 17:00 Nyaung Don Field Survey 9:00 – 9:30 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 19 May 2016 9:30 – 16:00 Nay Pyi Taw Follow-Up Training: DMH & ID 9:30 – 14:00 Nay Pyi Taw Follow-Up Training: DMH & ID 9:45 - Nay Pyi Taw ID 20 May 2016 12:00 - Nay Pyi Taw RRD 14:45 – 16:00 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 9:00 – 16:10 Nay Pyi Taw Final Workshop 23 May 2016 16:10 – 17:00 Nay Pyi Taw Wrap-up Meeting with DMH 24 May 2016 Yangon JICA Yangon YCDC/JICA Expert in YCDC 25 May 2016 Yangon YTU June 2016 Mission: 23 – 29 June 2016

3 ANNEX 3 Date Time City Meeting with 23 June 2016 10:00~ Yangon YCDC/JICA Expert in YCDC 09:00~ Yangon ADB TA-8456 Part I 11:00~ Yangon UNDP 24 June 2016 14:00 – 15:00 Yangon JICA 16:00~ Yangon Embassy of Japan in Myanmar 10:00 – 12:00 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 27 June 2016 14:00 – 16:30 Nay Pyi Taw IWUMD 10:30 – 11:30 Nay Pyi Taw RRD 28 June 2016 15:00 – 16:20 Nay Pyi Taw DWIR August 2016 Mission: 15 – 20 August 2016 16 August 2016 13:10 – 14:00 Yangon JICA Expert in MPA 14:00 – 15:00 Yangon Chief Minister of Yangon 17 August 2016 Regional Governmet 09:30 – 11:00 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 18 August 2016 13:30 – 14:10 Nay Pyi Taw DOA and DOP 08:00 – 09:00 Yangon Mayor of YCDC 19 August 2016 11:30 – 12:00 Yangon Embassy of Japan in Myanmar 14:00 – 14:00 Yangon JICA October 2016 Mission: 16 – 21 October 2016 17 October 2016 14:00 – 15:30 Nay Pyi Taw DMH 18 October 2016 9:00 – 12:30 Nay Pyi Taw Final Meeting 11:00 – 12:30 Yangon DWIR 15:00 – Yangon Field Trip (Myanmar Japan 19 October 2016 Thilawa Development) 19:30 – Yangon JICA 9:00 – Yangon JICA Expert in YCDC 9:45 – Yangon JICA Study Team on “The Project for Updating the Strategic Urban Development Plan of the Greater 20 October 2016 Yangon in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar”, YCDC 10:30 – Yangon JICA Advisor on Water and Sanitation, YCDC 15:00 – Yangon Embassy of Japan

4 ANNEX 3

ANNEX 4: SUMMARY OF THE COLLECTED DATA AND INFORMATION

ANNEX 4: SUMMARY OF THE COLLECTED DATA AND INFORMATION

1 ANNEX 4

Table 1 List of Collected Data/Information as of October 2016 (1/2) Word/ Hard Folder Code Tittle Author Year PDF Photo Language Obtained from Description/ contents Categoly Obtained Excel/PPT Copy DAP DAP_NPT-1 Myanmar Agriculture at a Glance 2013 2013 √ √ E DAP Summary of Myanmar Agricuture in 2013 A6 Oct-14 DMH DMH Bago_1 Bago DMH Warning Procedure DMH Bago Station √ M DMH Bago Station Warning Procedure M1 Oct-14 DMH DMH Bago_2 Location Map of DMH (Bago Arae) structures DMH Bago Station √ M DMH Bago Station Location of embankment etc. M6 Oct-14 Flood report on 17th Aug 2014, including rainfall, water level and damage DMH DMH Bago_3 Flood Report in Bago Area DMH Bago Station √ M DMH Bago Station M1 Oct-14 data in Bago area Heavy Rainfall Flood Reported on 9th Aug 2013. including rainfall DMH DMH_MWL_1 (10-8-2013)flood report DMH Mawlamyine Office 2013 √ M DMH Mawlamyine Office distribution, water level condition, flood condition, Emergency response, A1 Oct-14 damage dam condition, damage paddy condition etc. DMH DMH_MWL_2 Photos of 2014 flood in KYAIKKAW DMH Mawlamyine Office 2014 √ - DMH Mawlamyine Office 56 images (location is unknown) A1 Oct-14 DMH DMH_MWL_3 Mon_State_Map DMH Mawlamyine Office √ M DMH Mawlamyine Office General map M15 Oct-14 DMH DMH_MWL_4 Kyaikkami Report DMH Mawlamyine Office √ M DMH Mawlamyine Office Photos showing shore erosion A1 Oct-14 DMH DMH_MWL_5 Mon State (9-8-2013) DMH Mawlamyine Office 2013 √ M DMH Mawlamyine Office Uuknown Oct-14 Heavy Rainfall Flood Reported on 9th Aug 2013 at Mon State, including amout of rainfall 2012-2013, damage paddy areca list in Mon State, damage DMH DMH_MWL_6 Mon State Goverment Flood Summary(2013 August 9) DMH Mawlamyine Office 2013 √ M DMH Mawlamyine Office A1, A6 Oct-14 primary school at Daraine Village (Poung Township), phots showing damaged embankment and bridges etc. DMH DMH_MWL_7 Summary of Flood Mon State DMH Mawlamyine Office √ M DMH Mawlamyine Office Replanting paddy (acera) in Mon State A1, A6 Oct-14 Explanation of NARGIS’ Storm Surge, including estimated valued of storm DMH DMH_MWL_8 Presentation on NARGIS,USL(MON)_Storm Surge DMH Mawlamyine Office √ E DMH Mawlamyine Office A1 Oct-14 surge etc. DMH DMH_MWL_9 Training material on observation(11.3.14)(Mawlamyine) DMH Mawlamyine Office 2014 √ M DMH Mawlamyine Office Explanation of tide gauge, photos showing equipment at tidal station etc. M11 Oct-14 DMH DMH_MWL_10 Information in Kyaikkami DMH Mawlamyine Office √ M DMH Mawlamyine Office Name of Donation List A9 Oct-14 DMH DMH_MWL_11 Information in Belin (not target area) DMH Mawlamyine Office √ M DMH Mawlamyine Office Name of Donation List at Belinn Township A9 Oct-14 DMH DMH_MWL_12 Flood Record Summary in Mon State (4-8-2013) photo DMH Mawlamyine Office 2013 √ M DMH Mawlamyine Office Photos showing flood condition A1 Oct-14 DMH DMH-MDL-1 Flood in Mandaly of Ayeyarwady River (PPT) - √ E DMH Mandalay Office summary of flood condition, rainfall data, topgraphic map, M1, M3, A1 Oct-14 DMH DMH_1 Flow chart of DMH DMH 2013 √ E DMH Organization Structure of DMH - Dec-14 DMH DMH_2 DailyRainfallInMawlamyain DMH √ E DMH Mawalamyaine Rainfall Data for 2013 M3,M4 Nov-14 DMH DMH_3 Data_Bago&Kaba-aye DMH √ E DMH Yangon Rainfall Data for 2004 & Maximum discharge data M3,M4 Nov-14 DMH DMH_4 Mandalay-Data DMH √ E DMH Mandalay Rainfall & discharge Data for 2007 & Maximum discharge data M3,M4 Nov-14 DMH DMH_5 data DMH √ E DMH Maximum discharge data M3,M4 Nov-14 DWIR DWIR_1 Villages_20091014 DWIR - GIS E DWIR Villages-Administrative Boundary in GIS format M13 Dec-14 DWIR DWIR_2 Township DWIR - GIS E DWIR Township-Administrative Boundary in GIS format M13 Dec-14 DWIR DWIR_3 City & Town_20010331 DWIR - GIS E DWIR City & Town-Administrative Boundary in GIS format M13 Dec-14 DWIR DWIR_4 District DWIR - GIS E DWIR District-Administrative Boundary in GIS format M13 Dec-14 DWIR DWIR_5 State DWIR - GIS E DWIR State-Administrative Boundary in GIS format M13 Dec-14 DWIR DWIR_6 Channel Survey DWIR √ GIS E/M DWIR Channel Survey data around Yangon, Mandalay, Mawlamyaine M4 Dec-14 GAD GAD_MWL_1 Population of Mawlamyine - √ M GAD Mawlamyine Township level, Sep 2014, Mon state A3 Oct-14 GAD GAD_MWL_2 Role and Responsibility in Mon State (Only Cover Page) - √ M GAD Mawlamyine Fire & Natural disaster Prevention 2013, Mon state A5 Oct-14 GAD GAD_MWL_3 Damage Information Surveyed in 2013 (Only Cover Page) - √ M GAD Mawlamyine damge infrormation, issused on 15th Aug 2014 A1 Oct-14 Heavy Rain Fall Flood report Mon State (2013 August 21) Mon State Government PPT Presentation about Damage and GAD GAD_MWL_4 - √ M GAD Mawlamyine including rainfal data 2012 and 2013, damage data (paddy field), damaged A1 Oct-14 Response duirng Flood in 2013 dam and bridges info., Mon State Government PPT Presentation about Damage and Heavy Rain Fall Flood report Mon State (2014 August 12) GAD GAD_MWL_5 - √ M GAD Mawlamyine A1 Oct-14 Response duirng Flood in 2014 Presentation Photos at GAD Mawlamyine Meeting on Preasentation of past flood condition. GAD GAD_MWL_6 - √ M GAD Mawlamyine A1 Oct-14 October 13, 2014 including raifall data, damage data and photos etc. _GAD_Mawlamyine_BelinTownship Flood Photos (not GAD Mawlamyine Belin Photos showing inundation condition and distribution of aid delivery GAD GAD_MWL_7 - √ - A1 Oct-14 target area) Township ID ID_MWL_1 Azin Dam Project Sheet Irrigation Department √ E Irrigation Department specificaton of the dam. Not including inflow/outflow data M5 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_2 Shwenattaung Dam Project Sheet Irrigation Department √ E Irrigation Department Loation map, specificaton of the dam. Not including inflow/outflow data M5 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_3 Waba Dam Project Sheet Irrigation Department √ E Irrigation Department Loation map, specificaton of the dam. Not including inflow/outflow data M5 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_4 Winpaon Dam Project Sheet Irrigation Department √ E Irrigation Department Loation map, specificaton of the dam. Not including inflow/outflow data M5 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_5 Table of Embankment in Mon state Irrigation Department √ E Irrigation Department specification of embankment (length, height etc.) M6 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_6 Table of Drainage in Mon state Irrigation Department √ E Irrigation Department specification of drainage channels (length, depth, width etc.) M7 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_7 Table of Sluice in Mon state Irrigation Department √ E Irrigation Department specification of sliuce gate (highet,width, number of gates etc.) M7 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_8 Map of Embankment Area Location in Mon state Irrigation Department √ E Irrigation Department Location map of embankments (photoshop file) M6 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_9 Table of Embankment,Drainage,Sluice in Mon state Irrigation Department √ E Irrigation Department same as ID MWL_5 to 7 M6, M7 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_10 Dam Location_ALL in Mon state Irrigation Department √ √ M Irrigation Department Location map of dams (photoshop file) M6 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_11 Drainage Location_ALL in Mon state Irrigation Department √ √ M Irrigation Department Location map of drainage (photoshop file) M7 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_12 SluiceGate Location_ALL in Mon state Irrigation Department √ √ M Irrigation Department Location map of slucice gate (photoshop file) M6 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_13 Map On the Wall_Location of Dam in Mon state Irrigation Department √ M Irrigation Department Location map of dams M5 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_14 Map on the wallof ID Mawlmyine_Locations in Mon state Irrigation Department √ M Irrigation Department location of embankment, area/depth of storage area by embankment M6 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_15 Map on the wall of ID Mawlmyine_locations in Mon state Irrigation Department √ M Irrigation Department Unknown - Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_16 Map of Drainage Area Location_AL in Mon state Irrigation Department √ √ M Irrigation Department Drainage area (photoshop file) M7 Oct-14 ID ID_MWL_17 Map of Flood Area in Bilin river (not target area) Irrigation Department √ √ M Irrigation Department Flood map (photoshop file) M1 Oct-14

2 ANNEX 4

Table 2 List of Collected Data/Information as of October 2016 (2/2) Word/ Hard Folder Code Tittle Author Year PDF Photo Language Obtained from Description/ contents Categoly Obtained Excel/PPT Copy ID ID_1-1 Dam Information File241 (15.12.14) Newsss_Partially EN ID 2014 √ E/M ID Dam information in Mandalay, Mon State, Yangon M5 Dec-14 ID ID_1-2 Dam Information File241 (15.12.14) Newsss ID 2014 √ M ID Dam information in Mandalay, Mon State, Yangon M5 Dec-14 Pegu, Mandalay, Yangon,Irrawaddy Flooded Area(1999- ID ID_2-1 ID 2014 √ E/M ID Flooded area information A1 Dec-14 2000 to 2014-15)_Partially EN Pegu, Mandalay, Yangon,Irrawaddy Flooded Area(1999- ID ID_2-2 ID 2014 √ M ID Flooded area information A1 Dec-14 2000 to 2014-15) Daily rainfall & discharge data around Yangon, Mandalay, Mawlamyaine. ID ID_3 Rainfall,Discharge&waterlevel ID √ M ID M3,M4 Feb-15 Water level data at Yangon river. Daily rainfall and discharge at dams in Yangon, Mandalay Daily rainfall & discharge data at dams in Yangon (2007), Mandalay (2004), ID ID_4 ID - √ E ID M5 Feb-15 and Mawlyamaine. Mawlamyaine (2013). Map indicating the areas where catastrophic flooding occured in Manalay MCDC MCDC_1 Catastrophic Flooding in Mandaly City MCDC - √ E MCDC A5 Dec-14 City MPA MPA_YGN_1 Warning of High Tide by Mynamar Port Authority Myanmar Port Authority √ E Myanmar Port Authority Sample of letter for warning of high-tide M11 Oct-14 MPA MPA_YGN_2 Inundation Photo: Yangon Area Myanmar Port Authority √ E Myanmar Port Authority Photos showing inundation condition in Yangon on Aug 2nd 2013 M12 Oct-14 Astronomical tide level of 2014 at Elephant point (pilankat creek) and MPA MPA_YGN_3 Tide Table for the Yangon River and Elephant Point in 2014 Myanmar Port Authority 2014 √ E Myanmar Port Authority M11 Oct-14 Yangon. Four (4) sea level/day (2 high-tide and 2 low-tide). MPA MPA_YGN_4 bathymetry Myanmar Port Authority √ E Myanmar Port Authority Photos of bathymetry data of Yangon port M12 Oct-14 Related Information of Mawlamyine Township Development: basic information of Kim Pon Chone Dam (inflow/outflow,storage, wate Dam, Land use/land cover, natural conditions, social level), housing data (numbe of houses, ward level), household type Mawlamyine Township Mawlamyine Township M5, M10, MWDA MWDA_MWL_1 conditions (Administration, Housing,) Infrastructure, Leagal √ E (percentage of height), house builiding per area (sq km),list of Oct-14 Development Development A2,A3,A4, System (Building Disaster Management) Disaster Prevention infrastructres (incl. urban drainage system, pump stations etc.) (Education/Recovery) etc. Map of various information: Khin Pon Chone Dam, Location location of Kin Pon Chone Dam, land use map, location of swamp areas Mawlamyine Township Mawlamyine Township M5, M10, A2, MWDA MWDA_MWL_2 Map, Swamp Areas, Main Drainage Plan, Pump √ E ,main dranage plan,Location of pump station (water supply), location of Oct-14 Development Development M8, A4 Station(Water Supply), Power Plant, Road Map power plant, road map NV NV_MWL_1 Tide Data 1 Navy 2014 √ E ID_MWL Cover page of tide data for 2014 M11 Oct-14 NV NV_MWL_2 Tide Data 2 Navy 2014 √ E ID_MWL Mawlamyine Tidal Data for 2014 M11 Oct-14 NV NV_MWL_3 Tide Data 3 Navy 2014 √ E ID_MWL Mawlamyine Tidal Data for 2014 M11 Oct-14 NV NV_MWL_4 Tide Data 4 Navy 2014 √ E ID_MWL Yangon Tidal Data for 2014 M11 Oct-14 NV NV_MWL_5 Tide Data 5 Navy 2014 √ E ID_MWL Yangon Tidal Data for 2014 M11 Oct-14 NV NV_MWL_6 Tide Data 6 Navy 2014 √ E ID_MWL Yangon Tidal Data for 2014 M11 Oct-14 NV NV_MWL_7 Tide Data 7 Navy 2014 √ E ID_MWL Table of Contents M11 Oct-14 Irrigation Department, UNDP NV_MWL_1 Tide Data at Mawlamyine area (only selected pages) Myanmar Port Authority 2014 √ E M11 Oct-14 Mawlamyine Office Multi Hazard Risk Assessment In Rakhine State of English version UNDP UNDP_1-1 UNDP/ADPC 2011 √ E UNDP/ADPC A9 Oct-14 Myanmar_English Version Multi Hazard Risk Assessment In Rakhine State of Myanmar langugae version UNDP UNDP_1-2 UNDP/ADPC 2011 √ M UNDP/ADPC A9 Oct-14 Myanmar_Myanmar Version Multi Hazard Risk Assessment In Rakhine State of UNDP UNDP_1-3 UNDP/ADPC 2011 √ E UNDP/ADPC A9 Oct-14 Myanmar_English Version_Additional Technical Details UNDP UNDP_1-4 ConsultaitonWorkshop_presentation UNDP/ADPC 2011 √ E UNDP/ADPC Presentation material. A9 Oct-14 Multi Hazard Risk Assessment in Nargis-affecte areas UNDP UNDP_2-1 (Ayeyarwady, Bago, Yango), Hazard Risk and Vulnerability UNDP/TARU 2011 √ E UNDP/TARU A9 Oct-14 Assessment Report Explanation of vaious risk including earthquake, tsunami, cyclone, storm UNDP UNDP_2-2 PatheinMHRA_Myanmar_Delta risk analysis (PPT) UNDP/TARU 2011 √ E UNDP/TARU A9 Oct-14 surge and flood. Rielf and Resettlement Rielf and Resettlement UNDP UNDP_3-1 Disaster Management Course Material Facilitator Guide department, Ministry of Social 2012 √ E department, Ministry of Social A9 Oct-14 Welfare, Relief and Resettlement Welfare, Relief and Resettlement Rielf and Resettlement Rielf and Resettlement UNDP UNDP_3-2 Disaster Management Course Material Participant Workbook department, Ministry of Social 2012 √ E department, Ministry of Social A9 Oct-14 Welfare, Relief and Resettlement Welfare, Relief and Resettlement Yangon City Development Yangon City Development Land use map 2012 YCDC YCDC_YGN_1 Yangon City Land Use Map √ E M10 Oct-14 Committee Committee Yangon City Development Yangon City Development Number of affected household and poupulation in June 1997 and Sep 2002 YCDC YCDC_YGN_2 Disaster Record of Yangon City √ E A1 Oct-14 Committee Committee Yangon City Development Yangon City Development Population data by district (1998yr and 2011yr) YCDC YCDC_YGN_3 Social Condition of Yangon City √ E A3 Oct-14 Committee Committee Yangon City Development Yangon City Development Road and railway YCDC YCDC_YGN_4 Infrastructure Map of Yongon City √ E A4 Oct-14 Committee Committee Yangon City Development Yangon City Development to be transrated to English YCDC YCDC_YGN_5 Infrastructure Urban Drainage System of Yongon City √ E M7, A4 Oct-14 Committee Committee Summary of existing WWTP, Existing sewerage network, Photo of pump Yangon City Development Yangon City Development YCDC YCDC_YGN_6 Infrastructure Urban Sewerage System of Yongon City √ E station in Nyaunghnapin WTP, Type of water supply, existing connection A4 Oct-14 Committee Committee of water supply. YCDC YCDC_YGN_7 Population YCDC - √ E YCDC population data for Yangon area A3 Dec-14 YCDC YCDC_YGN_8 Name of Industrial Zone YCDC - √ E YCDC List of Industrial Zone around Yangon Area A3 Dec-14 YCDC YCDC_YGN_9 Approximate Number of Factories by Townships YCDC - √ E YCDC Number of factories by Township around Yangon Area A3 Dec-14 Myanmar Water Related Damage and Government's Support from 2004 to RRD RRD_1 Water Related Damage and Government's Support 2004-2013 RRD - √ M RRD A1 2013 RRD RRD_2 Water Related Damage and Government's Support RRD - √ M RRD Myanmar Water Related Damage and Government's Support A1 RRD RRD_3 Water Related Damage and Government's Support RRD - √ M RRD Myanmar Water Related Damage and Government's Support A1 RRD RRD_4 Water Related Damage and Government's Support RRD - √ M RRD Myanmar Water Related Damage and Government's Support A1 Cropping pattern for Mandalay/Sagaing, Yangon/Nay Pyi Taw and Mon DAP DAP-NPT-2 Cropping Pattern DAP √ M DAP A6 Apr-16 state regions DAP DAP-NPT-3 Agricultural Damage Data DAP √ M DAP Agricultural damage data (rice crops) A1 2016

3 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

ADB TA-8456 "Transformation of Urban Management- Part II Flood Management" Data collected from the survey sheet submitted at the Inception Meeting on September 16th, 2014 at Nay Pyi Taw.

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information Survey DMH Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) - ● Nay Pi Taw Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Investigative report of past (Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay) DMH/GAD/MC flood and storm surge ● Yes · Type of data: digital data (if possible) DC inundation · Elements: meteorological summary, damage situation, etc.

· Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

(Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay)

Flood and Storm surge Past flood and storm surge · Period: current, past M1 MCDC hazards data inundation data/maps · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: records of inundation areas with depth and duration, Satellite images on flood and storm surge damages · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

Existing flood hazards and (Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay) DMH/MCDC ● storm surge hazards maps · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: hazard map

· Inventory book of DMH rainfall, water level stations including location Inventory of Inventory of Hydrological Y: M2 map, coordinates of stations (lon/lat), river basin, period of observation, DMH/ID/WRUD ● Hydrological data data whole country method of observation, etc. · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Y Y Y

· Period: as long as available (1984 - 2013) DMH/ID/GAD/M Rainfall data ● · Type of data: daily CDC Y Y Y

· Element: rain, location (lon/lat) Y Y Y

· Stations :Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin M3 Meteorological data · Period: as long as available (1984- 2013)

· Type of data: daily Other Meteorological Data DMH/MCDC ● · Elements: location (lon/lat), temperature (maximum, minimum, average), radiation (sunshine duration, short/long wave), relative

humidity, wind speed/direction, air pressure, precipitation) · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Y Y Y

Y: Y: Y: 1984～2013 1984～2013 1984～2013 · Period: as long as available (1984- 2013) yearly yearly yearly River Discharge Data DMH/ID/MCDC ● maximum maximum maximum Y: Y: Y: · Type of data: daily April - Oct April - Oct April - Oct

M4 River 2007 2004 2013 · Element: river discharge, water level, location (lon/lat)

· Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Especially near Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay incl. Hlang, Bago etc. · Period: current , past Cross section data MCDC/DWIR · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: cross section of river, coordinates of location (lon/lat), year of survey

4 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information Survey DMH Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) - ● Nay Pi Taw Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: as long as available (1984- 2013) ID/MCDC/MW Dam Operation Data · Type of data: daily CDC · Element: daily inflow, outflow, storage, water level, location (lon/lat) · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin

· Type of data: Specification data M5 Dam DMH/ID/MCD Specifications of dam · Elements: location (lat/lon), salient features, established year, ● C objectives, operation rules, records of sedimentation, Water

level-area-storage curves · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin

· Type of data: Digital data (if possible) Potential dam sites ID/MCDC · Element: coordinates of location (lon/lat), geological map, potential reservoir capacity, study reports · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

(Especially near Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay, incl. Hlang, Bago etc.) M6 Dike Inventory of Dikes · Period: current, past ID

· Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: location map, length, cross sections, establishment year, design scale (return period), year of construction · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Inventory of major · Type of data: specification data irrigation and drainage ID · Elements: Location map, purpose, typical cross section, design canals discharge Irrigation and M7 · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Drainage canals · Type of data: specification data Inventory of major · Elements: Coordinates of location (lon/lat), gate type, dimensions, ID Regulators discharge capacity, establishment year, objectives, operation rules,

Daily operation records (discharge) · Area: Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay

· Type of data: specification data

M8 Pump Inventory of Pumps · Elements: Coordinates of location (lon/lat), gate type, dimensions, MCDC/WRUD

discharge capacity, establishment year, objectives, operation rules,

Daily operation records (discharge) · Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

(Especially around Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay)

· Period : 1980-2011 DMH/MCDC/D M9 Land elevation Land elevation ● · Type of data : Digitized data (if possible), Typical Raster format WIR (GeoTIFF format etc.) · Elements : elevation

· Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: current, past GAD/YCDC/M M10 Land use Land use classification · Type of data: digital data (if possible) WCDC/HSHD

· Elements: land use classification map

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information Survey DMH

5 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) - ● Nay Pi Taw Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine · Station: Martaban Gulf

· Period: as long as available

M11 Tide Tide Data · Type of data: Hourly/Annual DMH/ID ●

· Element: Location(lon/lat), hourly tide data, annual maximum, mean and minimum tide level, astronomical tide level etc. · Area: Around Myanmar

· Type of data: digital data (if possible) Path of Cyclone DMH ● · Elements: longitude, latitude, atmospheric pressure, wind speed M12 Strom surge analysis etc. · Area: Around Yangon, Mawlamyine Observed storm surge · Period: time of high water DMH ● heights · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Type of data: GIS data

· Elements: rivers and canal networks, lakes, road networks, land DMH/MCDC/D M13 GIS GIS data use, topography (DEM and contour lines), geology, vegetation, ● WIR structures, towns, railways, public utilities, industrial estates, satellite

images, administration boundaries (province, district, sub district, village), basin boundaries, regional office boundaries, etc. · Area: Flood inundation areas in Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay Characteristic information of major · Period: past and current

M14 Road roads that might · Type of data: digital data (if possible) GAD

influence flood · Elements: location, length, cross sections, elevation, establishment inundation year · Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin GAD/MCDC/ M15 Map Topography map data · Type of data: hard copy and/or digital (if possible) DWIR · Elements: -

M16 Rainfall Satellite based · Area: Project Area

M17 Land use MODIS time series data · Area: Project Area

· Area: Project Area M18 DEM, Land use ALOS data ALOS: Advanced Land Observing Satellite

M19 Strom Surge analysis Bathymetry data · Area: Project Area

· Area: Around Myanmar

· Type of data: digital data (if possible) M20 Cyclone Path of Cyclone · Elements: longitude, latitude, atmospheric pressure, wind speed radius of cyclone etc.

6 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

ADB TA-8456 "Transformation of Urban Management- Part II Flood Management" Data collected from the survey sheet submitted at the Inception Meeting on September 16th, 2014 at Nay Pyi Taw.

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information ID SD MPA Not Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) Not Yet Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine ● Yet · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Investigative report of Y: (Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay) past flood and storm Inundation · Type of data: digital data (if possible) surge inundation map in Yangon · Elements: meteorological summary, damage situation, etc.

· Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

(Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay) Past flood and storm Flood and Storm · Period: current, past Y: M1 surge inundation surge hazards data · Type of data: digital data (if possible) flood map data/maps · Elements: records of inundation areas with depth and duration, Satellite images on flood and storm surge damages · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Existing flood hazards (Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay) and storm surge hazards · Type of data: digital data (if possible) maps · Elements: hazard map

· Inventory book of DMH rainfall, water level stations including Inventory of Inventory of M2 location map, coordinates of stations (lon/lat), river basin, period of ● Hydrological data Hydrological data observation, method of observation, etc. · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: as long as available (1984 - 2013) Rainfall data ● · Type of data: daily

· Element: rain, location (lon/lat)

· Stations :Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin M3 Meteorological data · Period: as long as available (1984- 2013)

Other Meteorological · Type of data: daily

Data · Elements: location (lon/lat), temperature (maximum, minimum, average), radiation (sunshine duration, short/long wave), relative

humidity, wind speed/direction, air pressure, precipitation) · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: as long as available (1984- 2013) River Discharge Data ● · Type of data: daily

· Element: river discharge, water level, location (lon/lat)

· Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Especially near M4 River Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay incl. Hlang, Bago etc. · Period: current , past Cross section data · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: cross section of river, coordinates of location (lon/lat), year of survey

7 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information ID SD MPA Not Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) Not Yet Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine ● Yet · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: as long as available (1984- 2013)

Dam Operation Data · Type of data: daily ●

· Element: daily inflow, outflow, storage, water level, location (lon/lat) · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin Y

· Type of data: Specification data Y M5 Dam Specifications of dam · Elements: location (lat/lon), salient features, established year, ●

objectives, operation rules, records of sedimentation, Water Y

level-area-storage curves · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin

· Type of data: Digital data (if possible) Potential dam sites ● · Element: coordinates of location (lon/lat), geological map, potential reservoir capacity, study reports · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Y

(Especially near Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay, incl. Hlang, Bago etc.) M6 Dike Inventory of Dikes · Period: current, past ●

· Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: location map, length, cross sections, establishment year, Y: design scale (return period), year of construction Embankment · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Inventory of major · Type of data: specification data irrigation and drainage ● · Elements: Location map, purpose, typical cross section, design canals discharge Irrigation and M7 · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Drainage canals · Type of data: specification data Inventory of major · Elements: Coordinates of location (lon/lat), gate type, dimensions, ● Regulators discharge capacity, establishment year, objectives, operation rules,

Daily operation records (discharge) · Area: Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay

· Type of data: specification data

M8 Pump Inventory of Pumps · Elements: Coordinates of location (lon/lat), gate type, dimensions,

discharge capacity, establishment year, objectives, operation rules,

Daily operation records (discharge) · Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

(Especially around Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay)

· Period : 1980-2011 M9 Land elevation Land elevation · Type of data : Digitized data (if possible), Typical Raster format (GeoTIFF format etc.) · Elements : elevation

· Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: current, past M10 Land use Land use classification · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: land use classification map

8 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information ID SD MPA Not Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) Not Yet Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine ● Yet · Station: Martaban Gulf Y

· Period: as long as available Y

Y: · Type of data: Hourly/Annual High-low tide

M11 Tide Tide Data ● only

Y: · Element: Location(lon/lat), hourly tide data, annual maximum, astronomical mean and minimum tide level, astronomical tide level etc. tide level ONLY · Area: Around Myanmar

· Type of data: digital data (if possible) Path of Cyclone · Elements: longitude, latitude, atmospheric pressure, wind speed M12 Strom surge analysis etc. · Area: Around Yangon, Mawlamyine Observed storm surge · Period: time of high water heights · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Type of data: GIS data

· Elements: rivers and canal networks, lakes, road networks, land M13 GIS GIS data use, topography (DEM and contour lines), geology, vegetation,

structures, towns, railways, public utilities, industrial estates, satellite

images, administration boundaries (province, district, sub district, village), basin boundaries, regional office boundaries, etc. · Area: Flood inundation areas in Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay Characteristic information of major · Period: past and current

M14 Road roads that might · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

influence flood · Elements: location, length, cross sections, elevation, establishment inundation year · Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

M15 Map Topography map data · Type of data: hard copy and/or digital (if possible)

· Elements: -

M16 Rainfall Satellite based · Area: Project Area

M17 Land use MODIS time series data · Area: Project Area

· Area: Project Area M18 DEM, Land use ALOS data ALOS: Advanced Land Observing Satellite

M19 Strom Surge analysis Bathymetry data · Area: Project Area

· Area: Around Myanmar

· Type of data: digital data (if possible) M20 Cyclone Path of Cyclone · Elements: longitude, latitude, atmospheric pressure, wind speed radius of cyclone etc.

9 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

ADB TA-8456 "Transformation of Urban Management- Part II Flood Management" Data collected from the survey sheet submitted at the Inception Meeting on September 16th, 2014 at Nay Pyi Taw.

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information GAD YCDC MCDC Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) Not Yet Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine ● ●

· Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Investigative report of Y: (Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay) past flood and storm surge ● 2013 and 2014 ● · Type of data: digital data (if possible) inundation ppt file · Elements: meteorological summary, damage situation, etc.

· Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

(Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay) Past flood and storm Flood and Storm · Period: current, past M1 surge inundation ● surge hazards data · Type of data: digital data (if possible) data/maps · Elements: records of inundation areas with depth and duration, Satellite images on flood and storm surge damages · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Existing flood hazards (Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay) and storm surge hazards ● · Type of data: digital data (if possible) maps · Elements: hazard map

· Inventory book of DMH rainfall, water level stations including Inventory of Inventory of Hydrological M2 location map, coordinates of stations (lon/lat), river basin, period of Hydrological data data observation, method of observation, etc. · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: as long as available (1984 - 2013) Rainfall data ● ● · Type of data: daily

· Element: rain, location (lon/lat)

· Stations :Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin M3 Meteorological data · Period: as long as available (1984- 2013)

Other Meteorological · Type of data: daily ● Data · Elements: location (lon/lat), temperature (maximum, minimum, average), radiation (sunshine duration, short/long wave), relative

humidity, wind speed/direction, air pressure, precipitation) · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: as long as available (1984- 2013) River Discharge Data ● · Type of data: daily

· Element: river discharge, water level, location (lon/lat)

· Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Especially near M4 River Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay incl. Hlang, Bago etc. · Period: current , past Cross section data ● · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: cross section of river, coordinates of location (lon/lat), year of survey

10 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information GAD YCDC MCDC Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) Not Yet Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine ● ●

· Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: as long as available (1984- 2013)

Dam Operation Data · Type of data: daily ●

· Element: daily inflow, outflow, storage, water level, location (lon/lat) · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin

· Type of data: Specification data M5 Dam Specifications of dam · Elements: location (lat/lon), salient features, established year, ●

objectives, operation rules, records of sedimentation, Water

level-area-storage curves · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin

· Type of data: Digital data (if possible) Potential dam sites ● · Element: coordinates of location (lon/lat), geological map, potential reservoir capacity, study reports · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

(Especially near Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay, incl. Hlang, Bago etc.) M6 Dike Inventory of Dikes · Period: current, past

· Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: location map, length, cross sections, establishment year, design scale (return period), year of construction · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Inventory of major · Type of data: specification data irrigation and drainage · Elements: Location map, purpose, typical cross section, design canals discharge Irrigation and M7 · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Drainage canals · Type of data: specification data Inventory of major · Elements: Coordinates of location (lon/lat), gate type, dimensions, Regulators discharge capacity, establishment year, objectives, operation rules,

Daily operation records (discharge) · Area: Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay

· Type of data: specification data

M8 Pump Inventory of Pumps · Elements: Coordinates of location (lon/lat), gate type, dimensions, ●

discharge capacity, establishment year, objectives, operation rules,

Daily operation records (discharge) · Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

(Especially around Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay)

· Period : 1980-2011 M9 Land elevation Land elevation ● · Type of data : Digitized data (if possible), Typical Raster format (GeoTIFF format etc.) · Elements : elevation

Y · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Yangon M10 Land use Land use classification · Period: current, past ● ●

· Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: land use classification map

11 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information GAD YCDC MCDC Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) Not Yet Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine ● ●

· Station: Martaban Gulf

· Period: as long as available

M11 Tide Tide Data · Type of data: Hourly/Annual

· Element: Location(lon/lat), hourly tide data, annual maximum, mean and minimum tide level, astronomical tide level etc. · Area: Around Myanmar

Path of Cyclone · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: longitude, latitude, atmospheric pressure, wind speed etc. M12 Strom surge analysis · Area: Around Yangon, Mawlamyine Observed storm surge · Period: time of high water heights · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Type of data: GIS data

· Elements: rivers and canal networks, lakes, road networks, land use, M13 GIS GIS data topography (DEM and contour lines), geology, vegetation, structures, ●

towns, railways, public utilities, industrial estates, satellite images,

administration boundaries (province, district, sub district, village), basin boundaries, regional office boundaries, etc. · Area: Flood inundation areas in Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay

Characteristic information · Period: past and current

M14 Road of major roads that might · Type of data: digital data (if possible) ●

influence flood inundation · Elements: location, length, cross sections, elevation, establishment year · Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

M15 Map Topography map data · Type of data: hard copy and/or digital (if possible) ● ●

· Elements: -

M16 Rainfall Satellite based · Area: Project Area

M17 Land use MODIS time series data · Area: Project Area

· Area: Project Area M18 DEM, Land use ALOS data ALOS: Advanced Land Observing Satellite

M19 Strom Surge analysis Bathymetry data · Area: Project Area

· Area: Around Myanmar

· Type of data: digital data (if possible) M20 Cyclone Path of Cyclone · Elements: longitude, latitude, atmospheric pressure, wind speed radius of cyclone etc.

12 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

ADB TA-8456 "Transformation of Urban Management- Part II Flood Management" Data collected from the survey sheet submitted at the Inception Meeting on September 16th, 2014 at Nay Pyi Taw.

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information MWCDC(TDC) RRD HSHD DAP MES Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) ● NotYet ● NotYet ●

· Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Investigative report of past (Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay) flood and storm surge · Type of data: digital data (if possible) inundation · Elements: meteorological summary, damage situation, etc.

· Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

(Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay)

Flood and Storm surge Past flood and storm surge · Period: current, past M1 hazards data inundation data/maps · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: records of inundation areas with depth and duration, Satellite images on flood and storm surge damages · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

Existing flood hazards and (Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay)

storm surge hazards maps · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: hazard map

· Inventory book of DMH rainfall, water level stations including location Inventory of Inventory of Hydrological M2 map, coordinates of stations (lon/lat), river basin, period of observation, Hydrological data data method of observation, etc. · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: as long as available (1984 - 2013) Rainfall data · Type of data: daily

· Element: rain, location (lon/lat)

· Stations :Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin M3 Meteorological data · Period: as long as available (1984- 2013)

· Type of data: daily Other Meteorological Data · Elements: location (lon/lat), temperature (maximum, minimum, average), radiation (sunshine duration, short/long wave), relative humidity,

wind speed/direction, air pressure, precipitation) · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: as long as available (1984- 2013) River Discharge Data · Type of data: daily

· Element: river discharge, water level, location (lon/lat)

· Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Especially near M4 River Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay incl. Hlang, Bago etc. · Period: current , past Cross section data · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: cross section of river, coordinates of location (lon/lat), year of survey

13 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information MWCDC(TDC) RRD HSHD DAP MES Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) ● NotYet ● NotYet ●

· Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: as long as available (1984- 2013) Dam Operation Data ● Y · Type of data: daily

· Element: daily inflow, outflow, storage, water level, location (lon/lat)

· Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin

· Type of data: Specification data

M5 Dam Specifications of dam · Elements: location (lat/lon), salient features, established year,

objectives, operation rules, records of sedimentation, Water

level-area-storage curves · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin

· Type of data: Digital data (if possible) Potential dam sites · Element: coordinates of location (lon/lat), geological map, potential reservoir capacity, study reports · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

(Especially near Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay, incl. Hlang, Bago etc.) M6 Dike Inventory of Dikes · Period: current, past

· Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: location map, length, cross sections, establishment year, design scale (return period), year of construction · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Inventory of major · Type of data: specification data irrigation and drainage · Elements: Location map, purpose, typical cross section, design canals discharge Irrigation and M7 · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Drainage canals · Type of data: specification data Inventory of major · Elements: Coordinates of location (lon/lat), gate type, dimensions, Regulators discharge capacity, establishment year, objectives, operation rules, Daily

operation records (discharge) · Area: Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay

· Type of data: specification data

M8 Pump Inventory of Pumps · Elements: Coordinates of location (lon/lat), gate type, dimensions,

discharge capacity, establishment year, objectives, operation rules, Daily

operation records (discharge) · Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

(Especially around Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay)

· Period : 1980-2011 M9 Land elevation Land elevation · Type of data : Digitized data (if possible), Typical Raster format (GeoTIFF format etc.) · Elements : elevation

· Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: current, past M10 Land use Land use classification ● Y ● · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: land use classification map

14 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information MWCDC(TDC) RRD HSHD DAP MES Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) ● NotYet ● NotYet ●

· Station: Martaban Gulf

· Period: as long as available

M11 Tide Tide Data · Type of data: Hourly/Annual

· Element: Location(lon/lat), hourly tide data, annual maximum, mean and minimum tide level, astronomical tide level etc. · Area: Around Myanmar

Path of Cyclone · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: longitude, latitude, atmospheric pressure, wind speed etc. M12 Strom surge analysis · Area: Around Yangon, Mawlamyine Observed storm surge · Period: time of high water heights · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Type of data: GIS data

· Elements: rivers and canal networks, lakes, road networks, land use, M13 GIS GIS data topography (DEM and contour lines), geology, vegetation, structures,

towns, railways, public utilities, industrial estates, satellite images,

administration boundaries (province, district, sub district, village), basin boundaries, regional office boundaries, etc. · Area: Flood inundation areas in Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay Characteristic information · Period: past and current M14 Road of major roads that might · Type of data: digital data (if possible) influence flood inundation · Elements: location, length, cross sections, elevation, establishment year

· Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

M15 Map Topography map data · Type of data: hard copy and/or digital (if possible)

· Elements: -

M16 Rainfall Satellite based · Area: Project Area

M17 Land use MODIS time series data · Area: Project Area

· Area: Project Area M18 DEM, Land use ALOS data ALOS: Advanced Land Observing Satellite

M19 Strom Surge analysis Bathymetry data · Area: Project Area

· Area: Around Myanmar

· Type of data: digital data (if possible) M20 Cyclone Path of Cyclone · Elements: longitude, latitude, atmospheric pressure, wind speed radius of cyclone etc.

15 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

ADB TA-8456 "Transformation of Urban Management- Part II Flood Management" Data collected from the survey sheet submitted at the Inception Meeting on September 16th, 2014 at Nay Pyi Taw.

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information WRUD DWIR Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) NotYet ●

· Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Investigative report of past (Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay) flood and storm surge · Type of data: digital data (if possible) inundation · Elements: meteorological summary, damage situation, etc.

· Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

(Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay)

Flood and Storm surge Past flood and storm surge · Period: current, past M1 hazards data inundation data/maps · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: records of inundation areas with depth and duration, Satellite images on flood and storm surge damages · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

Existing flood hazards and (Especially Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay)

storm surge hazards maps · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: hazard map

· Inventory book of DMH rainfall, water level stations including location map, Inventory of M2 Inventory of Hydrological data coordinates of stations (lon/lat), river basin, period of observation, method of ● Hydrological data observation, etc. · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: as long as available (1984 - 2013) Rainfall data · Type of data: daily

· Element: rain, location (lon/lat)

· Stations :Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin M3 Meteorological data · Period: as long as available (1984- 2013)

· Type of data: daily Other Meteorological Data · Elements: location (lon/lat), temperature (maximum, minimum, average), radiation (sunshine duration, short/long wave), relative humidity, wind

speed/direction, air pressure, precipitation) · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: as long as available (1984- 2013) River Discharge Data · Type of data: daily

· Element: river discharge, water level, location (lon/lat)

M4 River · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Especially near Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay incl. Hlang, Bago etc. Cross section data · Period: current , past ●

· Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: cross section of river, coordinates of location (lon/lat), year of survey

16 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information WRUD DWIR Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) NotYet ●

· Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: as long as available (1984- 2013) Dam Operation Data · Type of data: daily

· Element: daily inflow, outflow, storage, water level, location (lon/lat)

· Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin

· Type of data: Specification data M5 Dam Specifications of dam · Elements: location (lat/lon), salient features, established year, objectives, operation rules, records of sedimentation, Water level-area-storage curves · Stations: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Thanlwin

· Type of data: Digital data (if possible) Potential dam sites · Element: coordinates of location (lon/lat), geological map, potential reservoir capacity, study reports · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

(Especially near Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay, incl. Hlang, Bago etc.)

· Period: current, past M6 Dike Inventory of Dikes · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: location map, length, cross sections, establishment year, design scale (return period), year of construction · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin Inventory of major irrigation · Type of data: specification data and drainage canals · Elements: Location map, purpose, typical cross section, design discharge

Irrigation and Drainage · Rivers: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin M7 canals · Type of data: specification data

Inventory of major Regulators · Elements: Coordinates of location (lon/lat), gate type, dimensions, discharge

capacity, establishment year, objectives, operation rules, Daily operation records

(discharge) · Area: Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay

· Type of data: specification data

M8 Pump Inventory of Pumps · Elements: Coordinates of location (lon/lat), gate type, dimensions, discharge ●

capacity, establishment year, objectives, operation rules, Daily operation records

(discharge) · Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

(Especially around Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay)

· Period : 1980-2011 M9 Land elevation Land elevation ● · Type of data : Digitized data (if possible), Typical Raster format (GeoTIFF format etc.) · Elements : elevation

· Stations: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Period: current, past M10 Land use Land use classification · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: land use classification map

17 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information WRUD DWIR Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) NotYet ●

· Station: Martaban Gulf

· Period: as long as available

M11 Tide Tide Data · Type of data: Hourly/Annual

· Element: Location(lon/lat), hourly tide data, annual maximum, mean and minimum tide level, astronomical tide level etc. · Area: Around Myanmar

Path of Cyclone · Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Elements: longitude, latitude, atmospheric pressure, wind speed etc. M12 Strom surge analysis · Area: Around Yangon, Mawlamyine

Observed storm surge heights · Period: time of high water

· Type of data: digital data (if possible)

· Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

· Type of data: GIS data

· Elements: rivers and canal networks, lakes, road networks, land use, topography M13 GIS GIS data ● (DEM and contour lines), geology, vegetation, structures, towns, railways, public utilities, industrial estates, satellite images, administration boundaries (province, district, sub district, village), basin boundaries, regional office boundaries, etc. · Area: Flood inundation areas in Yangon, Mawlamyine, Mandalay Characteristic information of · Period: past and current M14 Road major roads that might · Type of data: digital data (if possible) influence flood inundation · Elements: location, length, cross sections, elevation, establishment year

· Area: Ayeyarwady, Yangon, Bago, Thanlwin

M15 Map Topography map data · Type of data: hard copy and/or digital (if possible) ●

· Elements: -

M16 Rainfall Satellite based · Area: Project Area

M17 Land use MODIS time series data · Area: Project Area

· Area: Project Area M18 DEM, Land use ALOS data ALOS: Advanced Land Observing Satellite

M19 Strom Surge analysis Bathymetry data · Area: Project Area

· Area: Around Myanmar

· Type of data: digital data (if possible) M20 Cyclone Path of Cyclone · Elements: longitude, latitude, atmospheric pressure, wind speed radius of cyclone etc.

18 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Table 4 List of Data/Information for Risk Assessment Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information Survey DMH Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) - ● Nay Pi Taw Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine Past flood and storm surge damages data (house building, assets, agricultural, industrial, infrastructures, fatalities and others) and their DMH/ID/GAD/Y Flood/Storm surge ● relationships with hazards (flood depth, duration and velocity), existing CDC/MCDC A1 Disaster record flood and storm surge damage matrix or curves Any information on local risk awareness and past disaster experiences Local Info ID/MCDC (can be obtained from local survey, if needed) River system (related to M4, M15) ID/MCDC

Land Cover data/land use data (related to M10) - A2 Natural Conditions Information on swamp areas if any (location, area, use as retarding basin, MCDC/MWCDC etc.) Administrative boundaries data (National, region, provincial, GAD/MCDC/M Administration municipality/district, village/lowest government unit level) WCDC/DWIR Household/building distribution data (e.g. house/office/factory/hospital/schools/any important public facility of religious and cultural values (e.g. temples) etc. depending on needs and MCDC/MWCDC importance for Myanmar Govt). Building materials, structure, etc. of buildings, Illegal settlements in the flood prone areas (if any), location Housing and areas of industrial zones. Information on households types and their percentages of distribution MCDC/MWCDC

Information on floor levels of house buildings and floor heights MCDC/MWCDC

Average value of house buildings in the target cities per sq. km MCDC/MWCDC

Average value of household assets in the target cities per sq. km MCDC

Population distribution data, demographic characteristics (age, gender, GAD/MCDC/M A3 Social Conditions Population other vulnerable groups such as disabled, population movement in day WCDC and night etc.) Income and poverty statistics MCDC

Industrial Census (or any existing statistics) (if needed) including number Statistics of factories by size (in number and in sq.m etc. in various manufacturing GAD/MCDC/M sector etc.). Information on number of small and medium sized industries WCDC etc. (if needed). Information on informal sector (small stalls, self-employed workers, MCDC specific location where they are density distributed etc.) (if needed) Social information such as location/name of school, health center, GAD/MCDC Others evacuation shelter etc. Socio-economic data. Others could include other characteristics on ethnic groups, religions, etc. if they are regarded to influence vulnerability or MCDC

coping capacity

19 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information Survey DMH Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) - ● Nay Pi Taw Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine GAD/MCDC/M Road and railways network data (related to M14) WCDC YCDC/MCDC/M Urban drainage system/sewerage system WCDC Location and information pumping stations, water supply facilities, YCDC/MCDC/M A4 Infrastructure sewerage facilities, agricultural facilities (related to M8) WCDC Information of other important infrastructure (power plant, water purification/treatment plant, gas supply, main roads, transport network, MCDC/MWCDC incineration plant etc. (if needed and if any may increase secondary damage of the flood) Information of roles and responsibilities of each related local institute Roles/ Responsibility on (e.g. member of committee) for flood management. GAD/MCDC Agencies/ Organizations Any important stakeholders for local flood management (For example, big industry, religious groups etc. if there are any) GAD/MCDC/M Existing evacuation routes in case of emergency, if any WCDC/RRD GAD/MCDC/M Road network to be used for emergency transportation WCDC/RRD Evacuation/Recovery GAD/MCDC/M Emergency communication tools to inform residents of warnings WCDC/RRD GAD/MCDC/RR Information on emergency and recovery plans and systems D A5 Disaster prevention Ongoing/planned projects (and/or training workshops etc.) in the target cities relevant to flood management and flood risk management (JICA, ID/MCDC/MWC ADB, WB, EU, other donors, UN agencies, IFRC etc. (For example, DC/RRD JICA project that supports a development of master plan for Ayeyarwady River and past JICA project for Yangon city. ID/GAD/MCDC/ Planning Existing plans on disaster management RRD Existing flood management related urban services, and any reports on MCDC/RRD existing urban services business operation plans (if any) GAD/MCDC/RR Resettlement plan in possible inundation area D Existing master plan for the development of river basins MCDC/RRD

Agriculture production/yield statistical data, yield per hectare (long term MCDC data) Statistics Current market price agriculture yield MCDC

Average income from rice yield and other major agricultural corps (long MCDC A6 Agriculture term data) Cropping Calendar of information on agricultural cultivation MCDC

Cropping pattern Information of agricultural planning with their duration and height in each MCDC stage Irrigation Situation of irrigation system (location, capacity operation) ID/MCDC

20 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information Survey DMH Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) - ● Nay Pi Taw Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine Building Building codes/laws on building or any guideline for building MCDC/MWCDC

National laws, regulations, and strategies for disaster management or A7 Legal system Disaster management etc. disaster risk reduction or flood management, river management etc. ID/MCDC

Existing flood and storm surge management plans in the target areas. Location and information facilities for water disaster prevention (storage Flood control/ etc.), important facilities for local communication (siren, radio MCDC

communication system etc.) Location and information on existing dams/reservoir/barrages with their ID/YCDC/MCD A8 management facilities operation rules and specification C Location and information on dikes and other river structures and ID/MCDC specification Location and specification of existing dikes/any structures in coastal areas ID/MCDC

Information on existing utilization of flooding water as a benefit (only the Flooding Water Utilization MCDC use of "flood water" or general sector-wise water use) Any relevant information on local coping capacity (self-organized local MCDC groups etc.) Key issues on flood management in Department of Meteorology and MCDC hydrology and in target cities A9 Others Annual planning/activities/training programs of Department of MCDC Meteorology and hydrology Existing flood and storm surge damage/risk assessment methods, MCDC guidelines and reports Existing master plan, implementation plan for the development of river Basin Plan MCDC basins NOTE* DMH: Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, ID: Irrigation Department, DAP-WR: Department of Agriculture Planning – Water Resources, DWRI: Directorate of Water Resources and Improvement of river system, PA: Port Authority, MOC: Ministry of Construction, RRD: Relief and Resettlement Department, DAP-WR, MOAI: Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation-Department of Agricultural Planning-Water Resources, SD: Survey Department, MSE: Myanmar Engineering Society, GAD: General Administration Department, YCDC: Yangon City Development Committee, MCDC: Mandalay City Development Committee, Mawlamyine local government

21 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Table 4 List of Data/Information for Risk Assessment Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information ID SD MPA Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) Not Yet Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine Not Yet ●

Past flood and storm surge damages data (house building, assets, agricultural, industrial, infrastructures, fatalities and others) and their Flood/Storm surge ● relationships with hazards (flood depth, duration and velocity), existing A1 Disaster record flood and storm surge damage matrix or curves Any information on local risk awareness and past disaster experiences Ask by needs Ask by needs Ask by needs Local Info ● (can be obtained from local survey, if needed) survey survey survey River system (related to M4, M15) ●

Land Cover data/land use data (related to M10) A2 Natural Conditions Information on swamp areas if any (location, area, use as retarding basin, etc.) Administrative boundaries data (National, region, provincial, Administration municipality/district, village/lowest government unit level) Household/building distribution data (e.g. house/office/factory/hospital/schools/any important public facility of religious and cultural values (e.g. temples) etc. depending on needs and importance for Myanmar Govt). Building materials, structure, etc. of buildings, Illegal settlements in the flood prone areas (if any), location Housing and areas of industrial zones. Information on households types and their percentages of distribution

Information on floor levels of house buildings and floor heights

Average value of house buildings in the target cities per sq. km

Average value of household assets in the target cities per sq. km

Population distribution data, demographic characteristics (age, gender, A3 Social Conditions Population other vulnerable groups such as disabled, population movement in day

and night etc.) Income and poverty statistics

Industrial Census (or any existing statistics) (if needed) including number Statistics of factories by size (in number and in sq.m etc. in various manufacturing sector etc.). Information on number of small and medium sized industries etc. (if needed). Information on informal sector (small stalls, self-employed workers, specific location where they are density distributed etc.) (if needed) Social information such as location/name of school, health center, Others evacuation shelter etc. Socio-economic data. Others could include other characteristics on ethnic groups, religions, etc. if they are regarded to influence vulnerability or

coping capacity

22 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information ID SD MPA Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) Not Yet Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine Not Yet ●

Road and railways network data (related to M14)

Urban drainage system/sewerage system

Location and information pumping stations, water supply facilities, sewerage facilities, agricultural facilities (related to M8) A4 Infrastructure Information of other important infrastructure (power plant, water purification/treatment plant, gas supply, main roads, transport network, incineration plant etc. (if needed and if any may increase secondary damage of the flood) Information of roles and responsibilities of each related local institute Roles/ Responsibility (e.g. member of committee) for flood management. on Agencies/ Any important stakeholders for local flood management (For Organizations example, big industry, religious groups etc. if there are any) Existing evacuation routes in case of emergency, if any

Road network to be used for emergency transportation Evacuation/Recovery Emergency communication tools to inform residents of warnings

Information on emergency and recovery plans and systems

Ongoing/planned projects (and/or training workshops etc.) in the A5 Disaster prevention target cities relevant to flood management and flood risk management (JICA, ADB, WB, EU, other donors, UN agencies, IFRC etc. (For ●

example, JICA project that supports a development of master plan for Ayeyarwady River and past JICA project for Yangon city. Planning Existing plans on disaster management ●

Existing flood management related urban services, and any reports on existing urban services business operation plans (if any) Resettlement plan in possible inundation area

Existing master plan for the development of river basins

Agriculture production/yield statistical data, yield per hectare (long term data) Statistics Current market price agriculture yield

Average income from rice yield and other major agricultural corps (long term data) A6 Agriculture Cropping Calendar of information on agricultural cultivation

Cropping pattern Information of agricultural planning with their duration and height in each stage Y Irrigation Situation of irrigation system (location, capacity operation) ● drainage,

embankment

23 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information ID SD MPA Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) Not Yet Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine Not Yet ●

Building Building codes/laws on building or any guideline for building

National laws, regulations, and strategies for disaster management or A7 Legal system Disaster management etc. disaster risk reduction or flood management, river management etc. ●

Existing flood and storm surge management plans in the target areas. Location and information facilities for water disaster prevention Flood control/ (storage etc.), important facilities for local communication (siren,

radio communication system etc.) management Location and information on existing dams/reservoir/barrages with Y ● facilities their operation rules and specification Sluice gates A8 Location and information on dikes and other river structures and Y ● specification storage area Y Location and specification of existing dikes/any structures in coastal coastal ● areas embankment / embankment Flooding Water Information on existing utilization of flooding water as a benefit (only Utilization the use of "flood water" or general sector-wise water use) Any relevant information on local coping capacity (self-organized local groups etc.) Key issues on flood management in Department of Meteorology and hydrology and in target cities A9 Others Annual planning/activities/training programs of Department of Meteorology and hydrology Existing flood and storm surge damage/risk assessment methods, guidelines and reports Existing master plan, implementation plan for the development of Basin Plan river basins NOTE* DMH: Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, ID: Irrigation Department, DAP-WR: Department of Agriculture Planning – Water Resources, DWRI: Directorate of Water Resources and Improvement of river system, PA: Port Authority, MOC: Ministry of Construction, RRD: Relief and Resettlement Department, DAP-WR, MOAI: Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation-Department of Agricultural Planning-Water Resources, SD: Survey Department, MSE: Myanmar Engineering Society, GAD: General Administration Department, YCDC: Yangon City Development Committee, MCDC: Mandalay City Development Committee, Mawlamyine local government

24 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Table 4 List of Data/Information for Risk Assessment Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information GAD YCDC MCDC Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) Not Yet Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine ● ●

Past flood and storm surge damages data (house building, assets, Y: agricultural, industrial, infrastructures, fatalities and others) and their N Flood/Storm surge ● ● Disaster ● relationships with hazards (flood depth, duration and velocity), Only cover A1 Disaster record Record existing flood and storm surge damage matrix or curves Any information on local risk awareness and past disaster experiences Local Info ● (can be obtained from local survey, if needed) River system (related to M4, M15) ●

Land Cover data/land use data (related to M10) A2 Natural Conditions Information on swamp areas if any (location, area, use as retarding ● basin, etc.) Administrative boundaries data (National, region, provincial, Administration ● ● municipality/district, village/lowest government unit level) Household/building distribution data (e.g. house/office/factory/hospital/schools/any important public facility of religious and cultural values (e.g. temples) etc. depending on needs ● and importance for Myanmar Govt). Building materials, structure, etc. of buildings, Illegal settlements in the flood prone areas (if any), Housing location and areas of industrial zones. Information on households types and their percentages of distribution ●

Information on floor levels of house buildings and floor heights ●

Average value of house buildings in the target cities per sq. km ●

Average value of household assets in the target cities per sq. km ●

Population distribution data, demographic characteristics (age, Y A3 Social Conditions Population gender, other vulnerable groups such as disabled, population ● Township ● ●

movement in day and night etc.) level Income and poverty statistics ●

Industrial Census (or any existing statistics) (if needed) including Statistics number of factories by size (in number and in sq.m etc. in various ● ● ● manufacturing sector etc.). Information on number of small and medium sized industries etc. (if needed). Information on informal sector (small stalls, self-employed workers, ● specific location where they are density distributed etc.) (if needed) Social information such as location/name of school, health center, ● ● Others evacuation shelter etc. Socio-economic data. Others could include other characteristics on ethnic groups, religions, etc. if they are regarded to influence ●

vulnerability or coping capacity Road and railways network data (related to M14) ● ● Y ●

Urban drainage system/sewerage system ● Y ●

Location and information pumping stations, water supply facilities, ● Y ● sewerage facilities, agricultural facilities (related to M8) A4 Infrastructure Information of other important infrastructure (power plant, water purification/treatment plant, gas supply, main roads, transport ● network, incineration plant etc. (if needed and if any may increase secondary damage of the flood)

25 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information GAD YCDC MCDC Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) Not Yet Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine ● ●

Information of roles and responsibilities of each related local institute Roles/ Responsibility (e.g. member of committee) for flood management. N on Agencies/ ● ● Any important stakeholders for local flood management (For Only cover Organizations example, big industry, religious groups etc. if there are any) Existing evacuation routes in case of emergency, if any ● ●

Road network to be used for emergency transportation ● ●

Ask by Evacuation/Recovery Emergency communication tools to inform residents of warnings ● ● needs

survey Information on emergency and recovery plans and systems ● ● A5 Disaster prevention Ongoing/planned projects (and/or training workshops etc.) in the target cities relevant to flood management and flood risk management (JICA, ADB, WB, EU, other donors, UN agencies, IFRC etc. (For ●

example, JICA project that supports a development of master plan for Ayeyarwady River and past JICA project for Yangon city. Planning Existing plans on disaster management ● ●

Existing flood management related urban services, and any reports on ● existing urban services business operation plans (if any) Resettlement plan in possible inundation area ● ●

Existing master plan for the development of river basins ●

Agriculture production/yield statistical data, yield per hectare (long ● term data) Statistics Current market price agriculture yield ●

Average income from rice yield and other major agricultural corps ● A6 Agriculture (long term data) Cropping Calendar of information on agricultural cultivation ●

Cropping pattern Information of agricultural planning with their duration and height in ● each stage Irrigation Situation of irrigation system (location, capacity operation) ●

Building Building codes/laws on building or any guideline for building ●

National laws, regulations, and strategies for disaster management or A7 Legal system Disaster management etc. disaster risk reduction or flood management, river management etc. ●

Existing flood and storm surge management plans in the target areas.

26 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information GAD YCDC MCDC Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) Not Yet Yangon Mandalay Mawlamyine ● ●

Location and information facilities for water disaster prevention Flood control/ (storage etc.), important facilities for local communication (siren, ●

radio communication system etc.) management Location and information on existing dams/reservoir/barrages with ● ● A8 facilities their operation rules and specification Location and information on dikes and other river structures and ● specification Location and specification of existing dikes/any structures in coastal ● areas Flooding Water Information on existing utilization of flooding water as a benefit (only ● Utilization the use of "flood water" or general sector-wise water use) Any relevant information on local coping capacity (self-organized ● local groups etc.) Key issues on flood management in Department of Meteorology and ● hydrology and in target cities A9 Others Annual planning/activities/training programs of Department of ● Meteorology and hydrology Existing flood and storm surge damage/risk assessment methods, ● guidelines and reports Existing master plan, implementation plan for the development of Basin Plan ● river basins

27 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Table 4 List of Data/Information for Risk Assessment Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information MWCDC(TDC) RRD HSHD DAP MES Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) ● NotYet ● NotYet ●

Past flood and storm surge damages data (house building, assets, agricultural, industrial, infrastructures, fatalities and others) and their Flood/Storm surge relationships with hazards (flood depth, duration and velocity), A1 Disaster record existing flood and storm surge damage matrix or curves Any information on local risk awareness and past disaster experiences Local Info (can be obtained from local survey, if needed) River system (related to M4, M15)

Land Cover data/land use data (related to M10) A2 Natural Conditions Information on swamp areas if any (location, area, use as retarding ● Y basin, etc.) Y: Administrative boundaries data (National, region, provincial, Administration ● Township municipality/district, village/lowest government unit level) level Household/building distribution data (e.g. house/office/factory/hospital/schools/any important public facility of Y: religious and cultural values (e.g. temples) etc. depending on needs ● Number of and importance for Myanmar Govt). Building materials, structure, housing etc. of buildings, Illegal settlements in the flood prone areas (if any), Housing location and areas of industrial zones. Information on households types and their percentages of distribution ● Y

Information on floor levels of house buildings and floor heights ● Y

Average value of house buildings in the target cities per sq. km ●

Average value of household assets in the target cities per sq. km

Population distribution data, demographic characteristics (age, A3 Social Conditions Population gender, other vulnerable groups such as disabled, population

movement in day and night etc.) Income and poverty statistics

Industrial Census (or any existing statistics) (if needed) including Statistics number of factories by size (in number and in sq.m etc. in various manufacturing sector etc.). Information on number of small and medium sized industries etc. (if needed). Information on informal sector (small stalls, self-employed workers, specific location where they are density distributed etc.) (if needed) Social information such as location/name of school, health center, Others evacuation shelter etc. Socio-economic data. Others could include other characteristics on ethnic groups, religions, etc. if they are regarded to influence

vulnerability or coping capacity

28 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information MWCDC(TDC) RRD HSHD DAP MES Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) ● NotYet ● NotYet ●

Road and railways network data (related to M14)

Urban drainage system/sewerage system ●

Y: Location and information pumping stations, water supply facilities, ● Sewage, sewerage facilities, agricultural facilities (related to M8) A4 Infrastructure Agriculture Information of other important infrastructure (power plant, water purification/treatment plant, gas supply, main roads, transport Y: ● network, incineration plant etc. (if needed and if any may increase Water supply secondary damage of the flood) Information of roles and responsibilities of each related local institute Roles/ Responsibility (e.g. member of committee) for flood management. on Agencies/ Any important stakeholders for local flood management (For Organizations example, big industry, religious groups etc. if there are any) Existing evacuation routes in case of emergency, if any ● ●

Road network to be used for emergency transportation ● ●

Evacuation/Recovery Ask by needs Emergency communication tools to inform residents of warnings ● ● survey Information on emergency and recovery plans and systems ●

A5 Disaster prevention Ongoing/planned projects (and/or training workshops etc.) in the target cities relevant to flood management and flood risk management (JICA, ADB, WB, EU, other donors, UN agencies, IFRC etc. (For ● Y ●

example, JICA project that supports a development of master plan for Ayeyarwady River and past JICA project for Yangon city. Planning Existing plans on disaster management ●

Existing flood management related urban services, and any reports on ● existing urban services business operation plans (if any) Resettlement plan in possible inundation area ●

Existing master plan for the development of river basins ●

Agriculture production/yield statistical data, yield per hectare (long term data) Statistics Current market price agriculture yield

Average income from rice yield and other major agricultural corps A6 Agriculture (long term data) Cropping Calendar of information on agricultural cultivation

Cropping pattern Information of agricultural planning with their duration and height in each stage Irrigation Situation of irrigation system (location, capacity operation)

Y: Building Building codes/laws on building or any guideline for building ● buildingdisaste

rmanagement A7 Legal system National laws, regulations, and strategies for disaster management or Disaster management etc. disaster risk reduction or flood management, river management etc.

Existing flood and storm surge management plans in the target areas.

29 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information MWCDC(TDC) RRD HSHD DAP MES Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) ● NotYet ● NotYet ●

Location and information facilities for water disaster prevention Flood control/ (storage etc.), important facilities for local communication (siren,

radio communication system etc.) management Location and information on existing dams/reservoir/barrages with A8 facilities their operation rules and specification Location and information on dikes and other river structures and specification Location and specification of existing dikes/any structures in coastal areas Flooding Water Information on existing utilization of flooding water as a benefit (only Utilization the use of "flood water" or general sector-wise water use) Any relevant information on local coping capacity (self-organized local groups etc.) Key issues on flood management in Department of Meteorology and hydrology and in target cities A9 Others Annual planning/activities/training programs of Department of Meteorology and hydrology Existing flood and storm surge damage/risk assessment methods, guidelines and reports Existing master plan, implementation plan for the development of Basin Plan river basins

30 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Table 4 List of Data/Information for Risk Assessment Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information WRUD DWIR Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) NotYet ●

Past flood and storm surge damages data (house building, assets, agricultural, industrial, infrastructures, fatalities and others) and their Flood/Storm surge relationships with hazards (flood depth, duration and velocity), A1 Disaster record existing flood and storm surge damage matrix or curves Any information on local risk awareness and past disaster experiences Local Info (can be obtained from local survey, if needed) River system (related to M4, M15)

Land Cover data/land use data (related to M10) A2 Natural Conditions Information on swamp areas if any (location, area, use as retarding basin, etc.) Administrative boundaries data (National, region, provincial, Administration ● municipality/district, village/lowest government unit level) Household/building distribution data (e.g. house/office/factory/hospital/schools/any important public facility of religious and cultural values (e.g. temples) etc. depending on needs and importance for Myanmar Govt). Building materials, structure, etc. of buildings, Illegal settlements in the flood prone areas (if any), Housing location and areas of industrial zones. Information on households types and their percentages of distribution

Information on floor levels of house buildings and floor heights

Average value of house buildings in the target cities per sq. km

Average value of household assets in the target cities per sq. km

Population distribution data, demographic characteristics (age, A3 Social Conditions Population gender, other vulnerable groups such as disabled, population

movement in day and night etc.) Income and poverty statistics

Industrial Census (or any existing statistics) (if needed) including Statistics number of factories by size (in number and in sq.m etc. in various manufacturing sector etc.). Information on number of small and medium sized industries etc. (if needed). Information on informal sector (small stalls, self-employed workers, specific location where they are density distributed etc.) (if needed) Social information such as location/name of school, health center, Others evacuation shelter etc. Socio-economic data. Others could include other characteristics on ethnic groups, religions, etc. if they are regarded to influence

vulnerability or coping capacity

31 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information WRUD DWIR Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) NotYet ●

Road and railways network data (related to M14)

Urban drainage system/sewerage system

Location and information pumping stations, water supply facilities, sewerage facilities, agricultural facilities (related to M8) A4 Infrastructure Information of other important infrastructure (power plant, water purification/treatment plant, gas supply, main roads, transport network, incineration plant etc. (if needed and if any may increase secondary damage of the flood) Information of roles and responsibilities of each related local institute Roles/ Responsibility (e.g. member of committee) for flood management. on Agencies/ Any important stakeholders for local flood management (For Organizations example, big industry, religious groups etc. if there are any) Existing evacuation routes in case of emergency, if any

Road network to be used for emergency transportation Evacuation/Recovery Emergency communication tools to inform residents of warnings

Information on emergency and recovery plans and systems

Ongoing/planned projects (and/or training workshops etc.) in the A5 Disaster prevention target cities relevant to flood management and flood risk management (JICA, ADB, WB, EU, other donors, UN agencies, IFRC etc. (For

example, JICA project that supports a development of master plan for Ayeyarwady River and past JICA project for Yangon city. Planning Existing plans on disaster management

Existing flood management related urban services, and any reports on existing urban services business operation plans (if any) Resettlement plan in possible inundation area

Existing master plan for the development of river basins

Agriculture production/yield statistical data, yield per hectare (long term data) Statistics Current market price agriculture yield

Average income from rice yield and other major agricultural corps A6 Agriculture (long term data) Cropping Calendar of information on agricultural cultivation

Cropping pattern Information of agricultural planning with their duration and height in each stage Irrigation Situation of irrigation system (location, capacity operation)

Building Building codes/laws on building or any guideline for building

National laws, regulations, and strategies for disaster management or A7 Legal system Disaster management etc. disaster risk reduction or flood management, river management etc.

Existing flood and storm surge management plans in the target areas.

32 ANNEX 4

● Yes, we have data No, we don't have data Survey Sheet was not submitted

Data/Infor Data Survey ID Classification Specification Information WRUD DWIR Contact Person Form (Name, telephone, email) NotYet ●

Location and information facilities for water disaster prevention Flood control/ (storage etc.), important facilities for local communication (siren,

radio communication system etc.) management Location and information on existing dams/reservoir/barrages with A8 facilities their operation rules and specification Location and information on dikes and other river structures and specification Location and specification of existing dikes/any structures in coastal areas Flooding Water Information on existing utilization of flooding water as a benefit (only Utilization the use of "flood water" or general sector-wise water use) Any relevant information on local coping capacity (self-organized local groups etc.) Key issues on flood management in Department of Meteorology and hydrology and in target cities A9 Others Annual planning/activities/training programs of Department of Meteorology and hydrology Existing flood and storm surge damage/risk assessment methods, guidelines and reports Existing master plan, implementation plan for the development of Basin Plan river basins

33 ANNEX 4

ANNEX 5: DATUM LEVEL

ANNEX 5: DATUM LEVEL

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION In the TA-8456, flood hazard maps and coastal flood hazard maps are prepared by using the RRI Model and the storm surge model. For developing flood hazard maps, the accuracy and resolution of topographic data are essential for reliable analysis. But due to the limited availability of topographic data, free satellite data of HydroSHEDS based on SRTM was initially used for the analysis of flood hazard maps, whose accuracy was later improved by partially incorporating commercial satellite data of AW3D. Such satellite data were calibrated using existing benchmark data, because there is some difference between satellite data and benchmark data. Benchmark data are measured in reference to the datum level defined by the mean sea level at the official tide station (Figure 1), while satellite data are acquired by measuring the difference between ground surface and the geoid. The geoid is calculated based on the theoretical mean sea level at each point on the globe, which is influenced by a local gravitational field (Figure 2). Therefore, satellite data should be calibrated when they are compared with topographic data measured using the benchmark.

The mean sea level (M. S. L) at the official Water level gauge tide station is used as the datum level (zero level). 0 m point Benchmark for

topographic survey Water level (m) The elevation of the Tide level benchmark is measured The Elevation of “0 m” using the datum level. is measured using the datum level. Datum level (zero level)

Mean sea level (m)

Figure 1 Outline of Datum Level (Mean Sea Level)

The geoid is defined as the geo-equipotential line that represents the theoretical mean sea level at each point on the globe. The geoid is influenced by a local gravitational field. EGM96 (Earth Gravity Model 1996) is commonly used for a geoid model.

[Elevation] = [Ellipsoidal Height] – [Geoid Height]

Ellipsoidal Height Elevation

Geoid Height

Figure 2 Geoid Height

For the development of coastal flood hazard maps, astronomical tidal data of the Navy were provided by DMH and used for storm surge analysis. The analysis results were applied to the topographic maps that were calibrated in reference to the benchmark. The task was carried out in this process based on

1 ANNEX 5

the assumption that the benchmark and astronomical tidal data used the same datum level (zero level), because there was no information on datum level. However, when the simulation was conducted to reproduce Cyclone Nargis in 2008, the highest tide level caused by Cyclone Nargis, which was calculated by using the datum level of astronomical tidal data, seemed too high when the tide level was applied to the ground height, which was defined using the benchmark. Discussions on this matter led to a possibility that the datum level of astronomical tidal data may be different from the datum level of the benchmark. This issue was addressed by the consultant team at an official meeting with the implementation network of TA-8456, but any useful information was not provided at that time. After the meeting, when the consultant team visited Thilawa Port on 19 October 2016, they found a tide level gauge and it seemed to show an astronomical tidal level. Then when the consultant team observed the ground level of Thilawa Port by the tide level gauge, ground level was around 7.5 m (Figure 3) while the ground level of Thilawa Port was said to be around 5 - 6 m according to the measurement using the benchmark. Based on this finding, the consultant team discussed with the Myanmar Japan Thilawa Development Ltd. (MjTD) that promote the Thilawa Special Economic Zone (SEZ) Development project, and MjTD conducted a field survey to compare the datum level of the benchmark, which was installed by the project using the national benchmark, with the datum level used for tidal water levels. The survey found that there was a 2.93 m difference, which was applied to the simulation for coastal flood hazard maps.

Figure 3 Tide level (19 October 2016 16:40)

2 DATUM LEVEL In TA-8456, a variety of topographic data were used for flood hazard and coastal flood hazard analysis, which are summarized in Table 1. If datum levels are different among different sets of data, adjustment of the datum levels is needed to make comparisons between them.

Table 1 Datum Level of Data for the RRI Model No. Data/Information Description on Datum Level Satellite topographic data Geoid (EGM 96) 1 (HydroSHEDS based on SRTM) Satellite topographic data Users can designate the datum level. In this TA, The geoid (EGM 96) was 2 (AW3D) used as the datum level. River water level River water level is observed by DMH. The height of the 0 m point for 3 water level gauges is measured in reference to M.S.L. Astronomical tide level The datum level is managed by the Navy. The datum point (benchmark) is 4 designated at Monkey Point (in the Navy Headquarters). Tidal level observed by The datum level seems different from that of astronomical tide level. 5 Irrigation Department 6 Benchmark (1) The national benchmark using M.S.L. is managed by the Survey

2 ANNEX 5

No. Data/Information Description on Datum Level Department. M.S.L. was observed at Kyaikkhami near Mawlamyine a long time ago. Second-class level points are available for measurement (a railway project for YCDC and a sewerage plant project for MCDC). Benchmark (2) MjTD installed the benchmark for the “Thilawa Special Economic Zone 7 (TSEZ)” development project, which is based on the national benchmark.

On 19 October 2016, the consultant team discussed this issue with Mr. Htun Lwin Oo, Director General of DWIR, before visiting Thilawa, and later he provided information on the benchmark of Monkey Point, chart datum, and mean sea level (Figure 4), which suggested that the difference between the chart datum and the mean sea level was 2.83 m. In November 30, the consultant team received the results of the field survey conducted by MjTD, which showed that the difference between the datum level of the benchmark and the datum level of astronomical tidal data was 2.93m (Figure 5). Then the consultant team confirmed that the chart datum in Figure 4 has been used as the datum level for astronomical tidal data.

Location: Lat 16°45.977′N, Long 96°11.769′E

Figure 4 Benchmark of Monkey Point

*This area is almost flat Ground level of Thilawa Port measured with a tide level gauge: around 7.5m Elevation around Thilawa SEZ is 5 - 6 m

Astronomical tide level by Navy: 6.43m (19 Oct 2016 18:11) 5 - 6 Tide level observed by the consultant team: 5.9m (19 Oct 2016 16:40) m 8 - 9 Datum level of the benchmark by Thilawa SEZ m M.S.L.

Datum level of astronomical 2.83m 2.93m tidal data (chart datum)

Figure 5 Comparison of Different Datum Levels

3 ANNEX 5

3 CONCLUSION In TA-8456, different datum levels used in Myanmar were compared. Although several points were clarified through the field research and interviews, it is strongly recommended to sort out information on M.S.L and the chart datum, including the location of the official tide station, benchmark data, and other topographic data, for organizations concerned to share and understand such information more easily for more effective and efficient operation of their activities, since the topographic data are an important basis for flood hazard assessment, infrastructure designing, and many other purposes. Currently collecting topographic data is not easy and time-consuming, but without them, research and other activities undertaken through international assistance, as well as by Myanmar itself, will not produce desired results that are reliable and effective. Strengthen the function of topographic survey and enhance the data sharing system are a key for the sustainable socio-economic development of Myanmar.

4 ANNEX 5

ANNEX 6: FLOOD INUNDATION ANALYSIS OF MANDALAY

ANNEX 6: FLOOD INUNDATION ANALYSIS OF MANDALAY

1 INTRODUCTION:

The consultant team conducted flood hazard analysis for a 100 year flood at Mandalay for flood hazard mapping. Initially the analysis used free satellite topographic data of HydroSHEDS based on SRTM, which could show general conditions in case of a 100 year flood in Mandalay. After this analysis, there was a request to improve the resolution of analysis to check the safety of a structure designed by another project of ADB (3.2.3 (2)). Therefore, the consultant team further improved the analysis by (1) purchasing a finer Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and (2) applying bathymetric data (river bed contour). Statistical analysis is a key to evaluate a 100 year flood appropriately; therefore a reliable data set was prepared.

2 INITIAL ANALYSIS:

(1) Modeling Table 1 shows calculation conditions for the initial analysis for Mandalay. The width of the Ayeyarwady River at Mandalay was approximately 3km, which was larger than the calculation grid size of 450m. Therefore, the water level was calculated by the combination of several grids (Figure 1, right image) to formulate a two-dimensional model, instead of a one-dimensional model that is usually applied to the RRI Model (Figure 1, left image).

[1-dimensional unsteady flow (rectangle shape)] [Modeling river shapes by DEM]

3D image of river cross section Over flow Calculation grid for river course grid (Elevation of DEM) H (bank height)

H Flow direction (river depth) Vertical cross section Actual river channel B (river width) Consider as inundated depth No river channel Grid cell with river channel

Figure 1 Modeling of River Shape by DEM (in the case of a river whose width is much larger than the calculation grid size)

Table 1 Summary of Calculation Conditions (Initial Analysis) No. Item Description 1 Upper boundary condition Daily discharge data at Thabeikkyin Station 2 Lower boundary condition Water level at Sagaing Station Rainfall data Observed rainfall data was given to calculation grids. 3 Figure 2 shows the locations of rainfall stations Elevation HydroSHEDS (SRTM basis) 4 No modification by the benchmark River 2-dimensional flow model using calculation grids in the river 5 (See Figure 1)

1 ANNEX 6

Legend

Meteorological Putao Hydrological Machanbaw Meteoro.-hydro. Collected Rainfall Data Collected Water Level and Discharge

Mogaung Naungcho Myitkyina

Mohnyin Sinbo

Pinlebu Katha Shwegu Bhamo Muse

Myitsone Htigyaing

Kanbalu Thabeikkyin Momeik Lashio

Ye U Mogok Mandalay Hsipaw Shwebo Myinmu Kyaukme

Monywa Pyin Oo Lwin Myitnge

Sagaing Meiktila Ngazu Tadaoo Lungyaw Hlaingdat Yamethin

Figure 2 Meteorological and Hydrological Data for Mandalay Simulation

(2) Statistical Analysis to identify the target flood The consultant team conducted statistical analysis to evaluate a 100 year flood of the Ayeyarwady River in Mandalay as summarized in Table 2.

Table 2 Summary of Statistical Analysis No. Item Description 1 Flood scale 100 year return period Sample Daily maximum discharge (m3/s) 2 at Thabeikkyin Station (DMH) 3 Number of samples 31 (From 1983 to 2013) Statistical tools/method 1) “Hydrologic Frequency Analysis Utility”, JESC, Japan 4 13 probability density functions are available 2) Gumbel Chow method Plotting possession Cunnane Plot 5 α=0,4

For the statistical analysis, rainfall data is the most preferable because it can directly represent the target natural phenomena, while discharge values (discharge volume, water level) vary even with the same rainfall, depending on basin conditions (e.g., land use) and river conditions (e.g., geomorphological changes, river improvement works). However, if rainfall data are not sufficiently available to represent the rainfall in the basin (e.g., only few rainfall stations are available in the basin or a period of collecting data is very short), discharge volume can be used for statistical analysis if the upstream basin conditions do not change so frequently. Water level can only be used when the cross 2 ANNEX 6

sections of the river that affect the water level at measurement point is stable. The extension of the river that affects the water level at measurement point depends on the hydraulic condition in upstream and downstream.

TA-8456 Part II employs daily discharge data at Thabeikkyin Station for the statistical analysis because the rainfall data for the basin upstream of Mandalay are not sufficiently available. Thabeikkyin Station is located in the mountainous area upstream of the alluvial fan (Figure 3), so the river cross section at the station seems stable and appropriate for the measurement of river discharge.

Figure 3 Thabeikkyin Station, Mandalay Station and Sagaing Station

On the other hand, water level at the section of the alluvial fan in the Ayeyarwady River is not appropriate for statistical analysis, because the cross section there changes continuously (Figure 4), and observed water level cannot be constantly proportionate to the flood scale. In such conditions, water level changes even for the same discharge volume. In this case, for example, the changes of river bed condition between Mandalay Station and Sagaing Station will affect the water level at Mandalay Station.

3 ANNEX 6

One year later (2014), a river bed shape changed by the power of the river flow.

Figure 4 Cross Section near Ayeyarwady Bridge, Mandalay

For evaluation of the flood scale in Mandalay, the "Gumbel Chow method" using the “moment method” based on the "sample mean" and "sample standard deviation" was employed. Gumber-Chow Method

X=σK+Xm σ: Standard Deviation

Xm: Mean value of samples K: Frequency Coefficient

6   T  K   0.5772  loge loge     T 1

Table - Frequency Coeffieicent T (year) 2 3 5 8 10 20 30 40 K -0.1643 0.2538 0.7195 1.1198 1.3046 1.8658 2.1887 2.4163 T (year) 50 60 80 100 150 200 400 K 2.5923 2.7358 2.9617 3.1367 3.4541 3.6791 4.2205

Figure 5 Gumbel Chow Method

4 ANNEX 6

Table 3 Results of Probable Discharge (Gumbel Chow) Year Frequency Discharge (m3/s) T K Thabeikkyin 2 -0.1643 20,582 3 0.2538 21,825 5 0.7195 23,209 10 1.3046 24,948 20 1.8658 26,616 30 2.1887 27,576 40 2.4163 28,252 50 2.5923 28,775 80 2.9617 29,873 100 3.1367 30,393

(3) Simulation Results

Figure 6 shows flood inundation maps created with the initial simulation conditions. In this stage, estimated inundation area in the southern part of Mandalay city does not properly represent the actual inundation area. Therefore, river alignments in the southern branch rivers were adjusted to be able to represent the actual situation.

Underestimated

Overestimated

Actual inundation area Permanent water area

Figure 6 Flood Inundation (with the initial conditions)

5 ANNEX 6

Actual inundation area Permanent water area

Figure 7 Estimated Flood Inundation Area (after adjustment)

3 ADVANCED ANALYSIS

After the initial analysis, there was a request to improve the accuracy of flood hazard analysis regarding the assessment of the safety of a riverside structure protected by a dyke. The safety of the structure was first evaluated in the initial analysis, which suggested a possible overflow. The initial analysis used freely available data because the original objective of the analysis was capacity development for officers to be able to manage flood hazard simulation and mapping by themselves, which did not require data of very high resolutions. Consequently, the consultant team decided to purchase a finer set of DEM data to respond to the request. The team also incorporated the benchmark data and bathymetric data of the river in the analysis.

(1) Improvement of the flood simulation model In order to improve the simulation model, the following modifications were made: 1) Replacement of the initially used data with finer DEM data (AW3D) 2) Adjustment of ground elevation in Mandalay (by using MCDC benchmark) 3) Adjustment of river-bed elevation in the Ayeyarwady River (based on bathymetric data, i.e., river bed contour line, provided by DWIR)

1) Replacement the initially used data with finer DEM data In order to estimate inundation depth more accurately, the elevation data used for the central area of Mandalay was replaced with finer elevation data of AW3D (refer to Chapter – 4, section 4.2.6).

6 ANNEX 6

Detail Model

Replaced range

Figure 8 Central Area Expressed Using AW3D in the “Detail Model” Area

2) Adjustment of ground elevation in Mandalay HydroSHEDS and AW3D were calibrated to the MCDC benchmark, and AW3D DEM was overlaid on HydroSHEDS DEM.

Figure 9 Integration of the Elevation of SRTM and AW3D

7 ANNEX 6

Sagaing Station provides the lower boundary condition. Regarding the elevation of the zero point of the river water level gauge (see Annex 5) at Sagaing Station, the value provided to TA8456 was different from that to the other project (PPTA8472). For the simulation, 57.743 m was considered to provide a more severe condition; therefore 57.743 m was applied.

Figure 10 Zero Gauges of Sagaing Station

3) Adjustment of river-bed elevation in the Ayeyarwady River The accuracy of estimated water levels depends on the elevation data of river bed since the water level in the Ayeyarwady River is calculated with 2-dimensional flow analysis (See Figure 1). Therefore, the consultant team revised elevation data in the Ayeyarwady River by using the river bed contour lines from DWIR (see Figure 11).

Contour Line (2)

Contour Line (1)

a. Contour Line (1) b. Contour Line (2) Figure 11 River Bed Contour Lines near Mandalay

8 ANNEX 6

Figure 12 shows simulation results (flood scale: 1/100) after improvement of the RRI Model. The values in black indicated in the figure are the height of the dyke at the selected point based on the MCDC benchmark. The values in blue are water levels calculated with the improved RRI Model. According to the water levels from the simulation, floodwaters in case of a 100 year flood are not likely to overflow the dyke, and thus the structure protected with the dyke should be safe from a 100 year flood.

Figure 12 Estimated Water Level (after improvement of RRI Model)

4 CONCLUSIONS

As is mentioned above, changes in the configuration of the river cross sections affect the water level of a river. Therefore the currently estimated water level of a 100-year flood cannot be applicable even with the same discharge volume if the cross sections change in the future. If the river bed changes due to sedimentation, scouring or both, or if the river width narrows due to human intervention, the water level may change accordingly. For this reason, it is strongly recommended that river cross section should be surveyed periodically, and that when the river cross section shows certain changes, their effect on the river flow should be simulated using a hydraulic simulation model, such as the RRI Model, to verify the safety of the embankment, for the effect of such changes may not be detected through the mere observation of the water level. Countermeasures should be taken as necessary. The effectiveness of a countermeasure should also be verified using simulation.

9 ANNEX 6

ANNEX 7: STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

ANNEX 7: STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

1 INTRODUCTION: To plan flood control and flood disaster management, the design scale of a target hazard (hereinafter referred as to “target flood scale”) needs to be determined. In general, the target flood scale is determined based on the past largest flood and/or an occurrence probability considering social conditions in target river basins. For instance, the target flood scale of the Ara River, which runs through Tokyo Metropolitan area employs a 200-year return period (1/200). Since Tokyo is a big city and the center of the Japanese economy, flood disaster risk possibly caused by flood inundation of the Ara River is considered to be very high. In Japan, the target flood scale is determined, depending on the magnitude of the impact on the society and economy of the target river basin. Table 1 shows the criteria of the target flood scale applied to river works in Japan.

Table 1 Target Flood Scale Social and economic Target Flood Scale importance of river basin (Return Period) A 200 or more B 100 to 200 C 50 to 100 D 10 to 50 E less or equal 10 Reference: Technical Criteria for River Works; Manual for River Works in Japan, MLIT, Japan

Recently, in preparation of unexpectedly large floods, a new concept of the target flood scale, called "L1 and L2", is applied to flood management in Japan.

Table 2 New Concept of Target Flood Scale, “L1” and “L2” Target Flood Description Scale L1 refers to a scale of flood that can be withstood using structural measures. L1 All human lives and property are considered to be protected with structural measures, such as river improvement works and dams. L2 refers to a scale of flood that cannot be withstood using structural measures. A flood of this level is very likely to cause considerable physical damage; houses and roads will be flooded, and bridges and other structures L2 will be washed out. In case of a “L2” flood, therefore, the first priority is the protection of human lives, and thus non-structural measures for saving lives should be taken as the primary means.

In the TA-8456 Part II project, a return period of 100 years is employed as the design scale for flood hazard maps.

1 ANNEX 7

2 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 2.1 Methodology In the TA-8456 Part II project, the "Gumbel Chow" method was employed for statistical analysis. This method was chosen mainly because it can be handled easily by Microsoft Excel and is proper for technical transfer to DMH. Probability was estimated by the Gumbel Chow method, based on the sample mean, its standard deviation, and a frequency coefficient K.

Gumbel-Chow Method

X=σK+Xm σ: Standard Deviation

Xm: Mean value of samples K: Frequency Coefficient

6   T  K   0.5772  loge loge     T 1

Table - Frequency Coeffieicent T (year) 2 3 5 8 10 20 30 40 K -0.1643 0.2538 0.7195 1.1198 1.3046 1.8658 2.1887 2.4163 T (year) 50 60 80 100 150 200 400 K 2.5923 2.7358 2.9617 3.1367 3.4541 3.6791 4.2205 Figure 1 Gumbel Chow Method 2.2 Sample In general, rainfall data is employed as a statistical sample for a study on the design flood scale. River flow (discharge) and water level are not used frequently, because those data are variable and their uniformity is not ensured. Table 3 shows samples which were employed for the statistical analysis in the TA-8456 Part II project.

Table 3 Samples for Statistical Analysis No City Sample Description 2-week rainfall  Rainfall data at one station was employed due to the difficulty of (mm) at data sharing; and Kaba-Aye station  The flood travel time was estimated as 2 weeks, considering the topographic features and the area of the target river basin (approx. 34,069km2). 1 Yangon *Flood travel time should be investigated carefully based on observed rainfall data and water level data. Daily rainfall  At Yangon central area, it was thought that inundation was caused (mm) at by short-term high intensity rainfall (an inland flooding). For Kaba-Aye station estimation of probability of rainfall for Yangon central area, daily rainfall was also considered (see section 5.2.1 ) Maximum daily  Only the discharge data at the Thabeikkyin hydrological station discharge (m3/s) was used due to the lack of rainfall data in the Mandalay area; and 2 Mandalay at Thabeikkyin  Normally, flow volume (m3) should be employed for such a large hydrological river basin. However, daily discharge (m3/s) was employed due to station difficulty of data sharing in TA-8456 Part II. 3 days rainfall  Average rainfall could be prepared based on six (6) rainfall (mm) (average stations in the Mawlamyine area (Hpaan, Kawkayeit, watershed Mawlamyine, Yay, Kyeikkhame and Mudon); and rainfall)  The flood travel time was estimated as 3 days, considering the 3 Mawlamyine topographic features and the area of the target river basin (approx. 5,700km2). *Flood travel time should be investigated carefully based on observed rainfall data and water level data.

2 ANNEX 7

The samples for the statistical analysis in three target cities are shown from Table 4 to Table 6.

Table 4 Sample Data at Kaba-Aye station (Yangon) Rainfall Intensity (mm) Year 1 day 1week 2week 3week 4week 5week 6week 1983 120 302 441 618 775 846 990 1984 104 279 426 560 808 914 984 1985 155 312 505 668 903 1,009 1,149 1986 106 303 468 706 919 1,032 1,162 1987 115 302 512 621 811 887 1,053 1988 171 283 371 529 682 763 903 1989 98 316 483 617 780 826 954 1990 125 322 489 628 768 868 973 1991 75 262 444 554 791 905 1,001 1992 79 238 358 506 664 764 887 1993 149 322 477 604 843 945 1,065 1994 134 332 483 659 870 946 1,146 1995 107 295 410 507 651 758 974 1996 96 266 427 610 818 926 1,076 1997 130 404 587 762 969 1,116 1,237 1998 110 228 427 573 680 717 815 1999 186 358 401 520 724 806 930 2000 105 249 433 535 665 750 901 2001 82 236 340 508 669 760 873 2002 106 220 387 537 714 815 958 2003 117 314 577 738 899 1,003 1,130 2004 103 266 440 614 816 920 1,035 2005 87 255 394 560 752 839 1,064 2006 101 208 384 469 660 784 869 2007 344 476 655 771 927 1,029 1,145 2008 120 333 475 637 776 947 1,082 2009 89 297 453 645 823 940 994 2010 134 321 458 574 862 980 1,117 2011 99 360 497 592 712 790 987 2012 108 291 485 672 964 1,109 1,251 2013 161 306 572 640 826 888 1,057 Sample (n) 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 Maximum 344 476 655 771 969 1,116 1,251 Minimum 75 208 340 469 651 717 815 Mean 123.1 298.6 460 604.3 791.0 889.7 1,024.6 Sd 48.12 53.91 69.30 75.17 92.66 105.86 107.79 Skewness 3.29 1.07 0.79 0.45 0.19 0.35 0.19 Note: Sd : Standard Deviation

3 ANNEX 7

Table 5 Sample Data in the Mandalay Area Annual Maximum Discharge (m3/s) Year Thabeikkyin Katha Sagaing 1983 22,120 17,680 26,320 1984 21,700 17,200 25,950 1985 21,660 16,740 26,380 1986 20,200 15,160 26,380 1987 21,700 18,700 27,330 1988 24,990 20,720 29,658 1989 23,540 16,350 25,100 1990 21,700 16,650 26,500 1991 24,130 17,640 25,900 1992 17,260 13,800 21,080 1993 23,530 18,180 25,900 1994 13,730 12,200 14,990 1995 22,590 17,160 26,150 1996 22,880 16,960 26,980 1997 24,820 18,800 30,180 1998 23,750 17,480 28,020 1999 22,820 16,530 26,100 2000 19,180 15,200 22,350 2001 19,770 15,450 19,720 2002 20,960 16,800 24,880 2003 19,150 15,600 21,920 2004 27,540 21,550 32,720 2005 18,220 15,020 18,860 2006 16,650 14,920 19,090 2007 23,450 17,880 29,780 2008 19,630 15,130 24,540 2009 17,440 14,140 21,500 2010 20,150 15,230 23,770 2011 15,180 12,240 20,920 2012 21,080 16,847 25,500 2013 21,660 16,880 - Sample (n) 31 31 30 Maximum 27,540 21,550 32,720 Minimum 13,730 12,200 14,990 Mean 21,070.3 16,478.6 24,815.6 Sd 2,972.17 2,019.85 3,762.80 Skewness -0.44 0.16 -0.46 Note: Sd : Standard Deviation

4 ANNEX 7

Table 6 Sample Data in the Mawlamyine Area Average Watershed Rainfall Intensity (mm) Year 2days 3days 4days 5days 6days 7days 1983 156.6 190.0 247.5 306.0 326.8 340.8 1984 405.7 488.1 540.8 566.2 574.5 616.1 1985 243.5 274.2 320.6 382.9 427.4 490.1 1986 232.5 246.0 323.9 400.5 457.3 500.9 1987 251.2 322.6 367.5 486.2 557.7 601.4 1988 283.1 341.7 385.6 424.8 466.6 529.6 1989 168.1 232.8 300.5 359.0 411.3 469.8 1990 269.7 315.7 362.7 400.5 431.7 494.1 1991 332.8 441.2 504.5 621.0 663.9 793.2 1992 243.5 316.8 382.2 436.3 498.2 533.9 1993 241.2 274.7 342.9 398.0 477.5 522.8 1994 338.2 410.7 472.6 545.1 561.2 622.5 1995 295.3 372.1 461.6 543.1 625.3 675.1 1996 217.7 293.2 372.0 441.8 508.9 589.6 1997 447.5 567.5 616.6 666.8 731.6 813.3 1998 188.9 229.0 293.6 343.5 406.4 469.1 1999 330.4 405.4 440.4 464.6 515.6 548.0 2000 261.5 344.8 417.1 489.9 561.4 638.3 2001 318.3 381.9 417.1 453.0 496.2 559.7 2002 234.4 304.0 337.7 366.1 398.2 459.5 2003 213.1 304.0 386.4 464.5 475.7 494.1 2004 292.2 346.6 368.8 401.3 464.3 548.9 2005 333.8 478.3 542.9 580.4 647.9 754.1 2006 178.2 221.5 288.7 353.4 432.6 472.6 2007 311.9 425.9 559.0 660.6 681.4 719.7 2008 262.3 363.9 455.9 525.3 577.1 594.1 2009 232.3 307.2 412.7 471.1 542.2 608.3 2010 248.3 386.2 475.1 549.7 588.6 630.1 2011 344.9 405.3 499.4 528.5 572.2 593.3 2012 195.8 230.2 251.5 300.0 359.7 396.9 2013 305.2 378.6 479.1 528.4 588.7 656.0 Sample (n) 31 31 31 31 31 31 Maximum 447.5 567.5 616.6 666.8 731.6 813.3 Minimum 156.6 190.0 247.5 300.0 326.8 340.8 Mean 270.3 341.9 407.3 466.4 517.0 572.1 Sd 66.10 85.77 91.79 96.18 95.69 106.87 Skewness 0.58 0.46 0.27 0.29 0.19 0.34 Note: Sd : Standard Deviation

5 ANNEX 7

2.3 Results Table 7 shows the results of the statistical analysis by using the Gumbel Chow method. It's striking that the probability of daily rainfall in Yangon is very low, and it is said that the observed rainfall of 344mm was extremely rare case.

Table 7 Proposed Target Flood Scale for Risk Assessment in the TA Proposed Target Scale No. Target Area Probability (sample) Largest recorded flood 1/100 (2-week rainfall at 655 mm (2007yr flood) Kaba-Aye station ) 677.3 mm Scale: approx. 1/70 1 Yangon 1/100 (daily rainfall) 344 mm (2007yr flood) 274.0 mm Scale: approx. 1/600 1/100 (daily maximum discharge 27,540 m3/s (2004yr flood) 2 Mandalay at Thabeikkyin Station) Scale: approx. 1/30 30,393 m3/s 1/100 (3-day rainfall of average 378.6 mm (2013yr flood) 3 Mawlamyine watershed rainfall in the target Scale: approx. 1/4 area) 611.0 mm

The calculation results of the three target cities are shown from Table 8 to Table 10.

Table 8 Probable Rainfall at Kaba-Aye station (Yangon) Year Frequency Rainfall (mm) (T) (K) Daily 1week 2week 3week 4week 5week 6week 2 -0.1643 115.2 289.7 448.6 592.0 775.8 872.3 1,006.9 3 0.2538 135.3 312.3 477.6 623.4 814.5 916.6 1,051.9 5 0.7195 157.7 337.4 509.8 658.4 857.7 965.9 1,102.1 8 1.1198 177.0 358.9 537.6 688.5 894.8 1,008.3 1,145.3 10 1.3046 185.9 368.9 550.4 702.4 911.9 1,027.8 1,165.2 15 1.6347 201.8 386.7 573.3 727.2 942.5 1,062.8 1,200.8 20 1.8658 212.9 399.2 589.3 744.6 963.9 1,087.2 1,225.7 25 2.0438 221.4 408.8 601.6 757.9 980.4 1,106.1 1,244.9 30 2.1887 228.4 416.6 611.7 768.8 993.8 1,121.4 1,260.5 40 2.4163 239.4 428.8 627.4 785.9 1,014.9 1,145.5 1,285.0 50 2.5923 247.8 438.3 639.6 799.2 1,031.2 1,164.1 1,304.0 60 2.7358 254.7 446.1 649.6 810.0 1,044.5 1,179.3 1,319.5 70 2.8569 260.6 452.6 658.0 819.1 1,055.7 1,192.2 1,332.5 80 2.9617 265.6 458.2 665.2 826.9 1,065.4 1,203.3 1,343.8 100 3.1367 274.0 467.7 677.3 840.1 1,081.6 1,221.8 1,362.7 110 3.2114 277.6 471.7 682.5 845.7 1,088.6 1,229.7 1,370.7 120 3.2795 280.9 475.4 687.2 850.8 1,094.9 1,236.9 1,378.1 130 3.3422 283.9 478.7 691.6 855.5 1,100.7 1,243.5 1,384.8 140 3.4001 286.7 481.9 695.6 859.9 1,106.0 1,249.7 1,391.1 150 3.4541 289.3 484.8 699.3 864.0 1,111.0 1,255.4 1,396.9 160 3.5046 291.7 487.5 702.8 867.7 1,115.7 1,260.7 1,402.3 170 3.5520 294.0 490.1 706.1 871.3 1,120.1 1,265.7 1,407.4 180 3.5967 296.2 492.5 709.2 874.7 1,124.3 1,270.5 1,412.3 190 3.6390 298.2 494.7 712.2 877.8 1,128.2 1,274.9 1,416.8 200 3.6791 300.1 496.9 714.9 880.9 1,131.9 1,279.2 1,421.1 500 4.3947 334.6 535.5 764.5 934.7 1,198.2 1,354.9 1,498.3 600 4.5370 341.4 543.1 774.4 945.3 1,211.4 1,370.0 1,513.6 700 4.6573 347.2 549.6 782.7 954.4 1,222.5 1,382.7 1,526.6 Xm 123.10 298.58 459.97 604.32 791.00 889.74 1,024.58 Sd 48.116 53.905 69.302 75.166 92.656 105.855 107.787 Note : Basic Equation X = Xm + K * Sd Xm : Mean Value, Sd : Standard Deviation

6 ANNEX 7

Table 9 Probable Discharge at Thabeikkyin Station (Mandalay) Year Frequency Daily Maximum Discharge (m3/s) (T) (K) Thabeikkyin Katha Sagaing 2 -0.1643 20,582 16,147 24,197 3 0.2538 21,825 16,991 25,771 5 0.7195 23,209 17,932 27,523 8 1.1198 24,399 18,740 29,029 10 1.3046 24,948 19,114 29,725 15 1.6347 25,929 19,781 30,967 20 1.8658 26,616 20,247 31,836 25 2.0438 27,145 20,607 32,506 30 2.1887 27,576 20,900 33,051 40 2.4163 28,252 21,359 33,908 50 2.5923 28,775 21,715 34,570 60 2.7358 29,202 22,005 35,110 80 2.9617 29,873 22,461 35,960 100 3.1367 30,393 22,814 36,618 110 3.2114 30,615 22,965 36,899 120 3.2795 30,818 23,103 37,156 130 3.3422 31,004 23,229 37,392 140 3.4001 31,176 23,346 37,610 150 3.4541 31,337 23,455 37,813 160 3.5046 31,487 23,557 38,003 170 3.5520 31,628 23,653 38,181 180 3.5967 31,760 23,743 38,349 190 3.6390 31,886 23,829 38,508 200 3.6791 32,005 23,910 38,659 400 4.2205 33,614 25,003 40,697 500 4.3947 34,132 25,355 41,352 Xm 21,070.32 16,478.61 24,815.60 Sd 2,972.174 2,019.848 3,762.795 Note : Basic Equation X = Xm + K * Sd Xm : Mean Value, Sd : Standard Deviation

7 ANNEX 7

Table 10 Probable Rainfall (average watershed rainfall in the Mawlamyine Area) Year Frequency Rainfall (mm) (T) (K) 2days 3days 4days 5days 6days 7days 2 -0.1643 259.4 327.8 392.2 450.6 501.3 554.6 3 0.2538 287.0 363.7 430.6 490.8 541.3 599.3 4 0.5214 304.7 386.7 455.2 516.6 566.9 627.9 5 0.7195 317.8 403.7 473.3 535.6 585.9 649.0 6 0.8770 328.2 417.2 487.8 550.8 600.9 665.9 7 1.0079 336.9 428.4 499.8 563.4 613.5 679.8 8 1.1198 344.3 438.0 510.1 574.1 624.2 691.8 9 1.2177 350.7 446.4 519.1 583.5 633.5 702.3 10 1.3046 356.5 453.8 527.1 591.9 641.9 711.6 15 1.6347 378.3 482.2 557.4 623.6 673.4 746.8 20 1.8658 393.6 502.0 578.6 645.9 695.6 771.5 25 2.0438 405.4 517.2 594.9 663.0 712.6 790.6 30 2.1887 414.9 529.7 608.2 676.9 726.5 806.0 40 2.4163 430.0 549.2 629.1 698.8 748.2 830.4 50 2.5923 441.6 564.3 645.2 715.7 765.1 849.2 60 2.7358 451.1 576.6 658.4 729.5 778.8 864.5 80 2.9617 466.0 596.0 679.1 751.3 800.4 888.6 100 3.1367 477.6 611.0 695.2 768.1 817.2 907.3 110 3.2114 482.5 617.4 702.1 775.3 824.3 915.3 120 3.2795 487.0 623.2 708.3 781.8 830.8 922.6 130 3.3422 491.2 628.6 714.1 787.9 836.8 929.3 140 3.4001 495.0 633.6 719.4 793.4 842.4 935.5 150 3.4541 498.6 638.2 724.3 798.6 847.5 941.3 160 3.5046 501.9 642.5 729.0 803.5 852.4 946.7 170 3.5520 505.0 646.6 733.3 808.0 856.9 951.7 180 3.5967 508.0 650.4 737.4 812.3 861.2 956.5 190 3.6390 510.8 654.1 741.3 816.4 865.2 961.0 200 3.6791 513.4 657.5 745.0 820.3 869.1 965.3 500 4.3947 560.8 718.9 810.7 889.1 937.5 1,041.8 Xm 270.25 341.94 407.31 466.41 517.02 572.13 Sd 66.103 85.772 91.785 96.181 95.687 106.870 Note : Basic Equation X = Xm + K * Sd Xm : Mean Value, Sd : Standard Deviation

8 ANNEX 7