DOCSLIB.ORG

Sonorensis 2008

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sonorensis 2008 sonorensis Introduction Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum contents Newsletter Volume 28, Number 1 Winter 2008 Introduction I 1 D The Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum By Craig Ivanyi E The Big Cat of the Americas Co-founded in 1952 by & Shawnee Arthur N. Pack and William H. Carr Riplog Peterson 3 Jaguars: The New World Monarchs By Craig Ivanyi, Associate Executive Director for Living Collections and Exhibits, and Robert J. Edison By Peter Warshall, Ph.D. P J Shawnee Riplog Peterson, Curator of Mammalogy and Ornithology Executive Director N Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Christine Conte, Ph.D. Director, Center for Sonoran The Future of Jaguar Conservation P 9 J Desert Studies N in Mexico and our Conscience By Rodrigo A. Medellín, Ph.D. Richard C. Brusca, Ph.D. Senior Director, Science and Conservation 12 Binational Collaboration to Save This issue of sonorensis focuses on one of the Sonoran Desert Region’s the Planet’s Northernmost Jaguar I Linda M. Brewer D E most beautiful and powerful inhabitants—the jaguar, Panthera onca. Chiefly Editing By Oscar Moctezuma & Diana Hadley t h solitary, this wide-ranging predator is the third-largest cat in the world and the g i n Martina Clary K d l a Design and Production n only true big, or “roaring,” cat from the Americas! With an exceptionally o D 18 Jaguar Conservation through Education and Outreach powerful bite, it can crack the armor of turtles and tortoises, and will often kill Board of Trustees – Officers By Juan Carlos G. Bravo mammals by biting directly through the skull, between the ears, puncturing its William H. Lomicka z t i r brain. It is the most powerful felid in the Western Hemisphere, capable of Chair F Go Cats! University of Arizona n a 22 I and the Real “Wildcats” Patricia A. Engels killing and eating large animals—our pets, our livestock, and even us. Vice Chair By Lisa Haynes & Melanie Culver, Ph.D. Although attacks on humans are rare, just the possibility tends to make us t h g i Frank Boyle n Why We Have Jaguars in Mexico K d Secretary 26 l nervous. Any one of these characteristics and behaviors might contribute to a n and Not in the United States o D Henry H. Boice the controversial status of jaguars in the opinion of some. For others of us in Treasurer By Diana Hadley n i the post-industrial, technotronic world, this elusive predator may simply not a C Sophia Kaluzniacki, D.V.M. c M The Borderlands Jaguar Detection Project: l Immediate Past Chair i 32 m occupy any space at all in our worldview. However, jaguars have long figured E Cameras, Cats, and Cooperative Conservation sonorensis is published by the Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, By Jack Childs, Anna Mary Childs & Emil B. McCain prominently in indigenous American cultures, making this species part of our 2021 N. Kinney Road, Tucson, Arizona 85743. ©2008 by n i v cultural heritage. In addition, for thousands of years this apex predator was the Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, Inc. All rights reserved. l o C t No material may be reproduced in whole or in part without prior t a written permission by the publisher. M an important component of healthy New World ecosystems. 38 A Scent Message from sonorensis is published as a benefit to the Arizona-Sonora Desert an Arizona Jaguar The story of jaguar in the Sonoran Desert is intriguing. The very fact that it Museum membership. It is intended to further our members’ under- 42 Ranching with Jaguar standing of the desert and shape their sense of stewardship. By Emil B. McCain occurs here may come as a shock to some (even to those of us who live Visit us at www.desertmuseum.org By Warner Glenn n i a C here); but, indeed, the jaguar has been, and still is, in our backyard. So it is c M l i Cover photographs: far right, Warner Glenn; bottom left, NJP; top left, n n m e P E l J G important for people to know about the history and, perhaps even more N Emil McCain. Back cover: far right, EDI; center, Emil McCain; r e n r a top and bottom left, ASDM. W importantly, the future of this keystone predator. That is why the Desert Jaguar (Panthera onca) sonorensis | winter 2008 1 Museum interprets the jaguar. federal goal under the Endangered ByPeter Warshall, Ph.D., In 1954 the museum received its first Species Act. Some people have Northern Jaguar Project Panthera onca—a 185-pound adult suggested that this decision may be P J N male. We called it “El Tigre” (the tied to removing an impediment to the Spanish common name for “jaguar” construction of a new border fence throughout most of its range). During intended to reduce illegal access into Jaguars:The New World Monarchs n j i the following thirty years the museum the United States. Continued survival e t s e g o o acquired several more jaguars, some of this species north of the border, H l e a f a of which even bore kittens. Though however, is likely to require that it stay R y b o Jaguars are powerful. Top predators, they are one of only two large felids surviving t o connected to, and travel among, h we currently have no jaguars on p display, we are happy to say that you its brethren to the south. 500,000 years of climate change and human impacts in the New World. The jaguar has P J can expect an exhibit on jaguar in the In the following articles, biologists, N Sonoran Desert in the near future. ecologists, and natural historians roamed from the desert shores of Sonora to the highest montane forests of the Andes. Today, researchers estimate that explore the ecology of the American perhaps 100 to 150 jaguars make a Panthera, along with efforts to They are so powerful that pre-Columbian Olmecs who wanted to show their own special living in the 100,000 terrestrial square conserve it in its northern range. i f l o d n miles of the Sonoran Desert Region, They speak to the importance of o M strength flattened their skulls to resemble the cats! These people believed jaguars turned o d r a but its range stretches all the way from natural corridors used by jaguar; they g d E y b o Paraguay and northern Argentina to describe the ways in which landown- t o h into divine gods and could start earthquakes while inside caves (where they sometimes p southern Arizona and New Mexico. ership and land use have played into Historically, jaguar sightings dotted the cat’s diminishing numbers as well sleep). Their god-jaguar “roar” contains the sound of the earth cracking. Later, the Aztecs P J Arizona as far north as the Grand as their conservation; they tell of a N Canyon, but in the latter part of growing cooperative movement for sculpted them out of stone, and positioned them, with rattlesnakes, as the great guardians the twentieth century, all recorded jaguar protection, including a new e s r o P M J e encounters have occurred in the reserve in northern Mexico; and they N u of their temples. Their character is still mimicked by high-octane, flashy vehicles and, in S y b o t southeast corner of the state, where tell us about novel methods being o h p this regal cat can still be found. used in research and conservation their dark melanistic form, by a football team in Jacksonville (where jaguars haven’t Unfortunately, the jaguar’s future education. You will also hear from in the United States is in jeopardy. Arizona residents who have recently roamed in recent times). Jaguar power is both feared and revered. A recent federal decision authorized encountered jaguar in southern All images on this page: Jaguar habitat in Arizona. abandoning jaguar recovery as a Arizona and New Mexico. S jaguar (Panthera onca). 2 sonorensis | winter 2008 sonorensis | winter 2008 3 P J N P J N Panthera onca and the way they tear at their meat jerking their rivals in favored habitat—rich riparian lands with closed- comes in many From the heads rather than holding the meat down with their canopy gallery forests. Jaguars, like tigers, are water cats, sizes and colors. Beginning front paws. In bright light, the pupils of their eyes and they hunt turtles, fish and frogs, caimans and capy- In fact, every Jaguars came to North America from Eurasia about remain round, not contracting to vertical slits. Like all baras. In 1971, boys out duck hunting along the Santa jaguar is uniquely two million years ago. Fossils tell the story of a cats except lions, the males and females resemble Cruz River shot-gunned a jaguar whose belly was “full of decorated with super-sized jaguar living at the same time as mam- each other, with the males bigger and stockier. frogs.” Riverside farmland has replaced prime jaguar habi- black stripes and moths, shrub-oxen, and cats like African lions and Jaguars are such intense carnivorous hunters that the tat, but jaguars still visit P clusters of spots. saber-toothed tigers. About 600,000 years ago, our males and females live solitary lives, and the females springs and water tanks J N Genetically, jaguar Cenozoic jaguar roamed much of North America guard their cubs from males who might devour while hunting. Dams populations differ, and journeyed south across the Isthmus of Panama them. They come together only for courtship and have further reduced the Jaguar skinned and with the greatest into South America.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Photographic Evidence of Desert Cat Felis Silvestris Ornata and Caracal
    [VOLUME 5 I ISSUE 4 I OCT. – DEC. 2018] e ISSN 2348 –1269, Print ISSN 2349-5138 http://ijrar.com/ Cosmos Impact Factor 4.236 Photographic evidence of Desert cat Felis silvestris ornata and Caracal Felis caracal using camera traps in human dominated forests of Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, India Raju Lal Gurjar* & Anil Kumar Chhangani Department of Environmental Science, Maharaja Ganga Singh University, Bikaner- 334001 (Rajasthan) *Email: [email protected] Received: July 04, 2018 Accepted: August 22, 2018 ABSTRACT We recorded movement of Desert cat Felis silvestris ornata and Caracal Felis caracal using camera traps in human dominated corridors from Ranthambhore National Park to Kailadevi Wildlife Sanctuary, Western India. We obtained 9 caracal captures and one Desert cat capture in 360 camera trap nights. Our findings revels that presence of both cat species outside park in corridors was associated with functionality of corridor as well as availability of prey. Further the forest patches, ravines and undulating terrain supports dispersal of small mammals too. Desert cat and Caracals were more active late at night and during crepuscular hours. There was a difference in their activity between dusk and dawn. Since this is its kind of observation beyond parks regime we genuinely argue for conservation of corridors and its protection leads us to conserve both large as well as small cats in the region. Keywords: Desert Cat, Caracal, Camera Trap, Ranthambhore National Park, Kailadevi Wildlife Sanctuary INTRODUCTION India has 11 species of small cats besides the charismatic big cats like tiger Panthera tigris, leopard Panthera pardus, Snow leopard Panthera uncia and Asiatic lion Panthera leo persica.
    [Show full text]
  • Tumacacori Potential Wilderness Area Evaluation [PW-05-03-D2-001]
    Tumacacori Potential Wilderness Evaluation Report Tumacacori Potential Wilderness Area Evaluation [PW-05-03-D2-001] Area Overview Size and Location: The Tumacacori Potential Wilderness Area (PWA) encompasses 37,330 acres. This area is located in the Tumacacori and Atacosa Mountains, which are part of the Nogales Ranger District of the Coronado National Forest in southeastern Arizona (see Map 4 at the end of this document). The Tumacacori PWA is overlapped by 30,305 acres of the Tumacacori Inventoried Roadless Area, comprising 81 percent of the PWA. Vicinity, Surroundings and Access: The Tumacacori Potential Wilderness Area is approximately 50 miles southeast of Tucson, Arizona. The Tumacacori PWA is centrally located within the mountain range and encompasses an area from Sardina and Tumacacori Peaks at the northern end to Ruby Road at the southern end and from the El Paso Natural Gas Line on the eastern side to Arivaca Lake on its western side. The PWA is adjacent to the Pajarita Wilderness Area, Arivaca Lake and Peña Blanca Lake. Both Pena Blanca and Arivaca Lakes are managed by the Arizona Game and Fish Department. Interstate 19 (I-19) connects the Tucson metropolitan area to the City of Nogales and the incorporated community of Sahuarita. The unincorporated communities of Green Valley, Arivaca Junction-Amado, Tubac, Tumacacori-Carmen and Rio Rico, Arizona and Sonora, Mexico are within close proximity to the eastern side of the Tumacacori Mountains and the PWA. State Highway 289 provides access from I-19 across private and National Forest System lands into the Tumacacori Ecosystem Management Area to Peña Blanca Lake and Ruby Road (NFS Road 39).
    [Show full text]
  • Check List Lists of Species Check List 12(1): 1833, 24 January 2016 Doi: ISSN 1809-127X © 2016 Check List and Authors
    12 1 1833 the journal of biodiversity data 24 January 2016 Check List LISTS OF SPECIES Check List 12(1): 1833, 24 January 2016 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/12.1.1833 ISSN 1809-127X © 2016 Check List and Authors Carnivores (Mammalia) from areas of Nearctic–Neotropical transition in Puebla, central Mexico: presence, distribution, and conservation Osvaldo Eric Ramírez-Bravo1, 2* and Lorna Hernandez-Santin3 1 Durrell Institute for Conservation Ecology, Marlowe Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NR, England 2 Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas, Puebla, Santa Catarina Mártir, Sin Número, Cholula, Puebla. CP. 72820, México 3 School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The Nearctic and Neotropical realms converge and Neotropical realms meet. Thus, Puebla contains in central Mexico, where many areas have not been a wide variety of habitats that range from semi-arid adequately characterized. Our objective was to revise to tropical rain forest, including cloud forests, oak the distribution and conservation status of carnivores in forests, pine forests, tropical dry forests, and xeric scrub the state of Puebla, central Mexico. Between September (Ramírez-Pulido et al. 2005). Elevation in the region 2008 and January 2011, we conducted interviews varies widely ranging from a minimum of 200 m on the and fieldwork on seven previously selected areas. We coastal plains of the Gulf of Mexico up to a maximum of complemented our data with bibliographical research. 5,700 m at the Pico de Orizaba, with abrupt variations We obtained 733 records for 21 species, representing on its four different mountain ranges (Ramírez-Pulido 63% of the carnivores reported for Mexico.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeographic and Diversification Patterns of the White-Nosed Coati
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 131 (2019) 149–163 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Phylogeographic and diversification patterns of the white-nosed coati (Nasua narica): Evidence for south-to-north colonization of North America T ⁎ Sergio F. Nigenda-Moralesa, , Matthew E. Gompperb, David Valenzuela-Galvánc, Anna R. Layd, Karen M. Kapheime, Christine Hassf, Susan D. Booth-Binczikg, Gerald A. Binczikh, Ben T. Hirschi, Maureen McColginj, John L. Koprowskik, Katherine McFaddenl,1, Robert K. Waynea, ⁎ Klaus-Peter Koepflim,n, a Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA b School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA c Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico d Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA e Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA f Wild Mountain Echoes, Vail, AZ 85641, USA g New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Albany, NY 12233, USA h Amsterdam, New York 12010, USA i Zoology and Ecology, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia j Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA k School of Natural Resources and the Environment, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA l College of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA m Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, D.C.
    [Show full text]
  • The Disastrous Impacts of Trump's Border Wall on Wildlife
    a Wall in the Wild The Disastrous Impacts of Trump’s Border Wall on Wildlife Noah Greenwald, Brian Segee, Tierra Curry and Curt Bradley Center for Biological Diversity, May 2017 Saving Life on Earth Executive Summary rump’s border wall will be a deathblow to already endangered animals on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border. This report examines the impacts of construction of that wall on threatened and endangered species along the entirety of the nearly 2,000 miles of the border between the United States and Mexico. TThe wall and concurrent border-enforcement activities are a serious human-rights disaster, but the wall will also have severe impacts on wildlife and the environment, leading to direct and indirect habitat destruction. A wall will block movement of many wildlife species, precluding genetic exchange, population rescue and movement of species in response to climate change. This may very well lead to the extinction of the jaguar, ocelot, cactus ferruginous pygmy owl and other species in the United States. To assess the impacts of the wall on imperiled species, we identified all species protected as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act, or under consideration for such protection by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (“candidates”), that have ranges near or crossing the border. We also determined whether any of these species have designated “critical habitat” on the border in the United States. Finally, we reviewed available literature on the impacts of the existing border wall. We found that the border wall will have disastrous impacts on our most vulnerable wildlife, including: 93 threatened, endangered and candidate species would potentially be affected by construction of a wall and related infrastructure spanning the entirety of the border, including jaguars, Mexican gray wolves and Quino checkerspot butterflies.
    [Show full text]
  • Baja California's Sonoran Desert
    Baja California’s Sonoran Desert By Debra Valov What is a Desert? It would be difficult to find any one description that scarce and sporadic, with an would fit all of the twenty or so deserts found on our annual average of 12-30 cm (4.7- planet because each one is a unique landscape. 12 inches). There are two rainy seasons, December- While an expanse of scorching hot sand dunes with March and July-September, with the northern the occasional palm oasis is the image that often peninsula dominated by winter rains and the south comes to mind for the word desert, in fact, only by summer rains. Some areas experience both about 10% of the world’s deserts are covered by seasons, while in other areas, such as parts of the sand dunes. The other 90% comprise a wide variety Gulf coast region, rain may fail for years on end. of landscapes, among these cactus covered plains, Permanent above-ground water reserves are scarce foggy coastal slopes, barren salt flats, and high- throughout most of the peninsula but ephemeral, altitude, snow-covered plateaus. However, one seasonal pools and rivers do appear after winter characteristic that all deserts share is aridity—any storms in the north or summer storms (hurricanes place that receives less than 10 inches (25 and thunderstorms—chubascos) in the south. There centimeters) of rain per year is generally considered are also a number of permanent oases, most often to be a desert and the world’s driest deserts average formed where aquifers (subterranean water) rise to less than 10 mm (3/8 in.) annually.
    [Show full text]
  • I GEOSPATIAL SYNTHESIS of GRASSLANDS CONSERVATION
    GEOSPATIAL SYNTHESIS OF GRASSLANDS CONSERVATION INFORMATION Final Report – Sept 30, 2016 Prepared for: Desert Landscape Conservation Cooperative c/o Matthew Grabau Science Coordinator Prepared by: Bird Conservancy of the Rockies Maureen D. Correll Allison Shaw Adrián Quero Arvind Panjabi Greg Levandoski Primary Contact: Maureen Correll 14500 Lark Bunting Lane Brighton, Colorado 80603 [email protected] Suggested citation: Correll, M.D., Shaw, A., Quero, A., Panjabi, A.O., and Levandoski, G. 2016. Geospatial synthesis of grasslands conservation information. Final report. Bird Conservancy of the Rockies, Brighton, Colorado, USA. i BIRD CONSERVANCY OF THE ROCKIES Mission: conserving birds and their habitats through science, education and land stewardship Bird Conservancy of the Rockies conserves birds and their habitats through an integrated approach of science, education and land stewardship. Our work radiates from the Rockies to the Great Plains, Mexico and beyond. Our mission is advanced through sound science, achieved through empowering people, realized through stewardship and sustained through partnerships. Together, we are improving native bird populations, the land and the lives of people. Goals 1. Guide conservation action where it is needed most by conducting scientifically rigorous monitoring and research on birds and their habitats within the context of their full annual cycle 2. Inspire conservation action in people by developing relationships through community outreach and science-based, experiential education
    [Show full text]
  • The Sonoran Desert Borderlands
    Geographic Area Information The Sonoran Desert Borderlands Photograph by CampPhoto / iStock / Getty Images Plus ABOUT The United States-Mexico border is roughly 3,219 kilometers (2,000 miles) long, stretching from the coast of the Pacific Ocean to the Gulf of Mexico. The Sonoran Desert is located on both sides of the border and covers more than 258,999 square kilometers (100,000 square miles) in the U.S. states of California and Arizona and the Mexican state of Sonora. The Sororan Desert is a rich, diverse, and delicate ecosystem, home to a highly diverse array of plant and animal species, some of which are critically endangered. Conservation efforts in the Sonoran Desert have involved organizations in both Mexico and the United States working together to connect habitat and migrations paths for animals. HUMAN IMPACTS In this fragile and diverse borderlands ecosystem, one of the most sever human impacts is the existing barrier (a combination of wall and fencing) that marks the U.S.-Mexico border. There is currently no continuous wall or fence marking the border, but there are segments of the border where there is a near-continuous barrier; one such area is the Sonoran Desert. Construction of a border barrier is ongoing, posing additional ecological concerns for the region. But it is not only the wall that impacts the region; the wall brings with it other human impacts, such as light pollution from stadium security flood-lights that illuminate the border at night and destruction of ecosystems as a result of construction, traffic, and patrolling of the border.
    [Show full text]
  • Structure and Mineralization of the Oro Blanco Mining District, Santa Cruz County, Arizona
    Structure and mineralization of the Oro Blanco Mining District, Santa Cruz County, Arizona Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Knight, Louis Harold, 1943- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 27/09/2021 20:13:55 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565224 STRUCTURE AND MINERALIZATION OF THE ORO BLANCO MINING DISTRICT, SANTA CRUZ COUNTY, ARIZONA by * Louis Harold Knight, Jr. A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1 9 7 0 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE I hereby recommend that this dissertation prepared under my direction by Louis Harold Knight, Jr._______________________ entitled Structure and Mineralization of the Pro Blanco______ Mining District, Santa Cruz County, Arizona_________ be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy________________________________ a/akt/Z). m date ' After inspection of the final copy of the dissertation, the following members of the Final Examination Committee concur in its approval and recommend its acceptance:* SUtzo. /16? QJr zd /rtf C e f i, r --------- 7-------- /?S? This approval and acceptance is contingent on the candidate1s adequate performance and defense of this dissertation at the final oral examination. The inclusion of this sheet bound into the library copy of the dissertation is evidence of satisfactory performance at the final examination.
    [Show full text]
  • The Malpai Borderlands Group
    Collaboration in the Borderlands: The Malpai Borderlands Group Item Type text; Article Authors Allen, Larry S. Citation Allen, L. S. (2006). Collaboration in the borderlands: the Malpai borderlands group. Rangelands, 28(3), 17-21. DOI 10.2111/1551-501X(2006)28[17:CITBTM]2.0.CO;2 Publisher Society for Range Management Journal Rangelands Rights Copyright © Society for Range Management. Download date 29/09/2021 16:36:54 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Version Final published version Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/639616 Collaboration in the Borderlands: The Malpai Borderlands Group After 10 years of efforts to preserve the open spaces and way of life of the Borderlands Region, the Malpai Borderlands Group is now internationally recognized as an outstanding example of collaborative planning and management of large landscapes. By Larry S. Allen Roots of Change community in New Mexico to join in the discussions, and several points of agreement were discovered. Strongest agreement was in the areas of preservation of open space and As our society is now increasingly polarized on the issues the need to restore fire as a functioning ecological process. It of natural resource use and protection of the environment, was agreed that livestock grazing requires open space and we endeavor to be at the Radical Center. —Bill McDonald that preservation of the ranching industry is important to prevent habitat fragmentation. The Malpai Planning Area includes 2 valleys at an eleva- arly in the 1990s, several neighbors along the tion of about 4,000 feet, which support semidesert grassland Mexican border in Southeastern Arizona and and Chihuahuan desert scrub; 1 higher grassland valley Southwestern New Mexico began to meet period- (about 5,000 feet) with plains grassland; and 2 mountain ically at Warner and Wendy Glenn’s Malpai ranges.
    [Show full text]
  • Mitochondrial Genomes of the United States Distribution
    fevo-09-666800 June 2, 2021 Time: 17:52 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 08 June 2021 doi: 10.3389/fevo.2021.666800 Mitochondrial Genomes of the United States Distribution of Gray Fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) Reveal a Major Phylogeographic Break at the Great Plains Suture Zone Edited by: Fernando Marques Quintela, Dawn M. Reding1*, Susette Castañeda-Rico2,3,4, Sabrina Shirazi2†, Taxa Mundi Institute, Brazil Courtney A. Hofman2†, Imogene A. Cancellare5, Stacey L. Lance6, Jeff Beringer7, 8 2,3 Reviewed by: William R. Clark and Jesus E. Maldonado Terrence C. Demos, 1 Department of Biology, Luther College, Decorah, IA, United States, 2 Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian Field Museum of Natural History, Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, United States, 3 Department of Biology, George United States Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States, 4 Smithsonian-Mason School of Conservation, Front Royal, VA, United States, Ligia Tchaicka, 5 Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States, 6 Savannah River State University of Maranhão, Brazil Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, SC, United States, 7 Missouri Department of Conservation, Columbia, MO, *Correspondence: United States, 8 Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States Dawn M. Reding [email protected] We examined phylogeographic structure in gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) across † Present address: Sabrina Shirazi, the United States to identify the location of secondary contact zone(s) between eastern Department of Ecology and and western lineages and investigate the possibility of additional cryptic intraspecific Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, divergences.
    [Show full text]
  • Photographic Evidence of a Jaguar (Panthera Onca) Killing an Ocelot (Leopardus Pardalis)
    Received: 12 May 2020 | Revised: 14 October 2020 | Accepted: 15 November 2020 DOI: 10.1111/btp.12916 NATURAL HISTORY FIELD NOTES When waterholes get busy, rare interactions thrive: Photographic evidence of a jaguar (Panthera onca) killing an ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) Lucy Perera-Romero1 | Rony Garcia-Anleu2 | Roan Balas McNab2 | Daniel H. Thornton1 1School of the Environment, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA Abstract 2Wildlife Conservation Society – During a camera trap survey conducted in Guatemala in the 2019 dry season, we doc- Guatemala Program, Petén, Guatemala umented a jaguar killing an ocelot at a waterhole with high mammal activity. During Correspondence severe droughts, the probability of aggressive interactions between carnivores might Lucy Perera-Romero, School of the Environment, Washington State increase when fixed, valuable resources such as water cannot be easily partitioned. University, Pullman, WA, 99163, USA. Email: [email protected] KEYWORDS activity overlap, activity patterns, carnivores, interspecific killing, drought, climate change, Funding information Maya forest, Guatemala Coypu Foundation; Rufford Foundation Associate Editor: Eleanor Slade Handling Editor: Kim McConkey 1 | INTRODUCTION and Johnson 2009). Interspecific killing has been documented in many different pairs of carnivores and is more likely when the larger Interference competition is an important process working to shape species is 2–5.4 times the mass of the victim species, or when the mammalian carnivore communities (Palomares and Caro 1999; larger species is a hypercarnivore (Donadio and Buskirk 2006; de Donadio and Buskirk 2006). Dominance in these interactions is Oliveria and Pereira 2014). Carnivores may reduce the likelihood often asymmetric based on body size (Palomares and Caro 1999; de of these types of encounters through the partitioning of habitat or Oliviera and Pereira 2014), and the threat of intraguild strife from temporal activity.
    [Show full text]