Class 4 9-Head T E/Ephones and Associated Apparatus
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Reassessing the Standard of Living in the Soviet Union: an Analysis Using Archival and Anthropometric Data
IZA DP No. 1958 Reassessing the Standard of Living in the Soviet Union: An Analysis Using Archival and Anthropometric Data Elizabeth Brainerd DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES DISCUSSION PAPER January 2006 Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit Institute for the Study of Labor Reassessing the Standard of Living in the Soviet Union: An Analysis Using Archival and Anthropometric Data Elizabeth Brainerd Williams College, CEPR, WDI and IZA Bonn Discussion Paper No. 1958 January 2006 IZA P.O. Box 7240 53072 Bonn Germany Phone: +49-228-3894-0 Fax: +49-228-3894-180 Email: [email protected] Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of the institute. Research disseminated by IZA may include views on policy, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit company supported by Deutsche Post World Net. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its research networks, research support, and visitors and doctoral programs. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. IZA Discussion Paper No. -
Type 1661-A Vacuum-Tube Bridge
TYPE 1661-A VACUUM-TUBE BRIDGE TABLE II A -C RESISTANCE OF VOLTAGE SOURCES A-C RESISTANCE AT e1 SWITCH A-C RESISTANCE AT e2 ("MULTIPLY BY" SWITCH) SETTING ("DIVIDE BY" SWITCH) 1 ohm IQ2 to 105 lohm 9.3 ohms 10 9.3 ohms 27.2 ohms 1 27.2 ohms When measuring the effective parallel resistance of In both types, the input as well as the output resis external resistors or dielectrics- more accurate results tance can be relatively low. Because of this, it is im will be obtained if correction is made for the bridge portant to measure the coefficients for both the forward losses in all cases where the open circuit reading is and reverse directions. Also because of the interdepend less than 100 times the resistance being measured. ence of the input and output circuits, it is desirabie to The correction is readily made as follows. Let us reduce the base-to-emitter voltage to zero or to open the call r 1 the measured resistance, RL the resistance mea base connection before operating the coefficient switch SoUred with the filament turned off or the transistor or of the bridge; this will avoid a possible transient which external resistor disconnected and r the true value of may require several seconds to resume equilibrium resistance. Then conditions or may even damage the transistor. Because the a-c resistance of the test-signal - I L R r- r [ RL- r' J sources (e1 and e2 in Figure 2) can be comparable to the transistor resistance, the next paragraph is important. -
Militair I177.Pdf
TUBE TEST DATA FOR USE WITH THE TUBE TESTERS I-177, I-177-A, AND I-177-B AND TUBE SOCKET ADAPTER KITS MX-949/A and MX-949A/U. See below for other models. Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002 by Nolan E. Lee ([email protected]) beta 1.08 July 5, 2002 This is a freely available file and my contribution to the hobby. If you paid for it, you got burned! In addition, if I catch some looser trying to SELL my free product or parts of it, I'll nuke their ass good. I've got enough hidden identifiers in the data to not make it worth their time. This is a FREE product, period! There are errors in the original Govt. manuals and the Hickok manuals that I compiled into this file. In addition, I may or may nor have made a few errors myself. As a result, I take NO responsibility for any errors, incorrect data or omitted data contained within or missing from this file. Use this data at your own risk... This document is organized into eight "pages" or sheets.The first is this cover that your reading. The second is the general instructions for operating the I-177 series tube tester without and with the MX-949 series adapter kit. The third contains the information on various socket adapters that were used with the I-177 series before the adoption of the MX-949. The fourth is the cross index of the old Army VT numbers and standard commercial tube numbers. The fifth contains the tube tester settings data for using the I-177 series tube tester WITHOUT the MX-949 adapter. -
VACUUM TUBE VALLEY Fall 1995 Price $6.50
Pub/ish«lQuarterly Celebrating the History and QlIOlity of Vocllum Tube Te<lmology luue 2 Vo/LlI7U! I VACUUM TUBE VALLEY Fall 1995 Price $6.50 Magnum SE Amplifier Da\-c Wolze rec.:nrlydesigned and built an SE amp with power and punch. Page 17 ...... Tube Review: EL·34 In one of existence since 1953 and th(Omost popular audio tubes of all time, rhe EL-34 has many variarions and performance characteristics. Page 8 Heath W-6M Heathkit: Early Tube Hi-Fi years. In This Issue .. manufacturer of Heathkit was the largest d�c Ironic kits in the US, alone time, selling over ntbe bldustry News 350 different types of kts. Learn more aboUl Check OUt the latest happen gs i in in the the early days of Heath Hi-Fi. Page 3 world of vacuum tubes. Learn the results of a recent survey of tuhe dislfih mors and sellers conducted by VIV. MU/UlrdEL-34s Harbouroudines the latest Ilem and Eric Early Cinema Sound Views. Page 15 vrv examines an early \xre�ternElectric [heater sound system. Page 24 Guitar Amplifiers Learn about how to get the best guitar tone. Chaclie Kittleson interviews Terry Buddingh, Tube Amp Expert from GuiTdrPi4yer Magazine. Page 20 Heatb w-4AM Tube Matching: Get the best soutuisfrom your amp. Matched tubes arc essential for opti mum performance from push-pull amps. n John Atwood explai s tube matching techniques for the layman. Page 22 Vacuum Tube Valleyis published quarterly for electronic enthusiasts interested in the See (Jur newfiatures in this months colorfv1 past, present and fvture af yocuum tube electronics. -
Bad I1 G' C1[Af \/)(I
HUGO GERNSBACK. Editor formerly BAD I1 G' C1[AF \/)(I 44, M, ELECTRONICS -TELEVISN www.americanradiohistory.com PROJECTION TELEVISION IN ASSEMBLY FORM COMPLETE WITH RACK 20 "x26" PICTURE 36 RCA TUBES EASTMAN KODAK PRO- JECTION SCREEN f 1.9 BAUSCH & LOMB PROJECTION LENS 30 KV FLY -BACK POWER SUPPLY ANTENNA PICTURE & SOUND I.F. FACTORY WIRED G TUNED DUMONT INPUTUNER For realism, clarity, definition and TERMINAL HAS BIGGEST STOCK of BIG SCREEN Televiewing, the pictures BEST BUYS IN TELEVISION KITS, produced by this unit hove no equal' PARTS and ACCESSORIES! This TELEVISION ASSEMBLY KITS, com- screen is absolutely flat, pre- plete with all parts, tubes,. etc. with cluding curvature distortion anywhere factory wired and tuned R.F. and I.F. in the picture. Picture tones ore true sections. block, grey and white -high in bril- TA -10, 10" Model, net 229.50 liance, yet obsolutely glare -free! TA -12, 12" Model, net 259.50 TA -15, 15" Model, net Easy to assemble! Everything is sup- 349.50 plied, including prewired high voltage CHAMPION Models, some os above power supply, Dumont Inputuner, but with famous Dumont Inputuner. wired and pretuned 13 tube I.F. strip 10" Champion, net 273.10 for picture and sound, precision 12" Champion, net Bausch and Lomb f 1.9 projection 303.10 lens, Eastman Kodak projection screen, 15" Champion, net 393.10 mirror, 36 RCA tubes including 5TP4 DUMONT INPUTUNER-R.F. section projection tube, special dipole with which tunes continuously from 44 to WOOD -SIMULATED METAL reflector and 60 ft. coaxial lead -in, 216 Mc., complete with tubes and 12" heavy ENCLOSURE FOR ABOVE KIT duty RCA PM speaker, dial 58.65 push -pull 12 watts AT audio, rock and AVAILABLE picture frame os illustrated, Picture and Sound I.F. -
Guide for Transmitting Tubes
UIDEfor TRANSMITTING TUBES 104 ENGINEERS EXPERIMENTERS 904citscied. SPECIAL CHART FOR TRANSMITTING TUBES 1Air-and Water -Cooled, PHOTOTUBES, CATHODE RAY AND SPECIAL TUBES 111111111111111111.11111.0 Price 35 Cents RAMO CORPORATION OF Asioncit, CAMDEN, N. J., U.*. A. Nes, POWER WHEN YOU WANT IT AS MUCH AS YOU WANT FOR THE SERVICE YOU WANT 450 WATTS INPUT- TUBE COST, $7.00 RCA -812triodesinpush-pull will take 460 watts input up to 60 Mc-an all-time high in tube economy with 64.3 watts input per dollar. RCA -812's and their high -mu companions, RCA -811'e, are the only low-pricedtubes with the Zirconium -coated an- ode. This anode, an RCA devel- opment, has very high heat dis- sipating qualities and functions asahighlyeffectivegetter. 360 WATTS INPUT-LESS THAN A WATT OF DRIVE! The RCA -813 beam transmitting tube offers real power and circuit amplification.It makes possible efficient and flexible ligh-gain stages at a cast comparable with that of equipment usingDrdi nary tube 2ombinations. 6,36) VOLTS AT 1/2 AMPERE: Single-phase full -wave, briclg? recti- fier using Lang -life 866-A/886's de- livers over three kilowatts of power to the load. RCA-866-A/866's handle high voltagesat lowinitialcost, have tremendous emission reserve, and provide longerlife.Reason are that these tubes are designed with improued filaments, have dame bulbs andnsulated plate caps. at, PUSH-PULL BEAM POWER ON 150 Mc The 811 in this tuned4ine r -f power amplifier de- livers50 watts output at 160 Mc-with a grid drive of less than one -bait watt. -
Owner's Manual
Owner’s Manual Hello from the Tone Farm Congratulations on your choice of the TransAtlantic TA-30 and Welcome to the MESA/ Boogie Family. The instrument you have chosen may well redefine the Brit amp genre by including preamp and power options that seem near impossible for an amplifier with such a humble footprint and manageable poundage. This TransAtlantic follows the architec- ture of its lower powered sibling, the TA-30, that’s been blowing the minds of critics and players alike and adds a more robust power section, gorgeous tube Reverb and an assign- able/bypassable Effects Loop. The extra horsepower and feature set on the TA-30 brings the TransAtlantic concept - and more importantly Tone - out of the studio and into the world of pro gigging. Two footswitchable Channels navigate the Atlantic with stylistic flair and give you a pass- port to the best British and American preamp sounds in two straightforward groups of five controls. The Five Preamp Modes (2 in Ch.1 and 3 in Ch. 2) are selected with a simple mini toggle located in the top position of stacked toggles in each Channel. Along with this array of iconic preamps the TA-30 offers three amazing power choices in each Channel, each of which allow you to perfectly tune the power to enhance the preamp Mode chosen for a given footswitchable sound. The result of all this flexibility is a fully capable live- performance amp with an uncanny sense of direction; that can also be switched down to 15 watts for lower volume power- clip applications or late-night sessions. -
Patterson Model 308 – Gerry O’Hara for SPARC
Restoring a Patterson Model 308 – Gerry O’Hara for SPARC Introduction The SPARC Museum in Coquitlam, BC, Canada is an interesting place to be on a Sunday – there are usually a few ‘drop ins’ every week – folks that turn up at the museum with an interesting set to ask us about – usually questions like “can you get it to work?”, “can you identify this set/how old is it?”, “what’s it worth?”, or “ do you have a tube for this?”. Folks also want to donate sets to the Museum – which is great, but in recent years the Museum has been running out of space. This has meant two things – we have had to introduce a program of ‘de-acquisition’ for things that are ‘peripheral’ to radio/the mission of the Museum, that the Museum has duplicates of, or items that are not rare and are in poor shape. The second ‘triage factor’ is the country of origin – the name of the Museum is a clue here – with a primary focus on items of Canadian origin. However, there are many radios not manufactured in Canada that the museum is also interested in – especially those manufactured in Europe and the USA. Radios from the latter were widely sold across Canada and/or were imported across the USA/Canada border, and from the former by European immigrants bringing their radios with them and/or through a network of Canadian distributors for sets of European manufacture, especially from the UK. As a result, sets manufactured in the USA are very common in Canada, especially those from the larger manufacturers of the day. -
High-Seas Fisheries of the U.S.S.R
HIGH-SEAS FISHERIES OF THE U.S.S.R. UNHED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FISH AND WILDLI FE SERVICE BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES WASHINGTON 2S , D.C. FISHERY LEAFLET 482 C 0 V E R VIEW OF FACTORY- TRAWLER PUSHKIN. T HE VESSEL IS EQUI P PED fOR STE RN TRA Wll ,C AN HAUL UP TO 10 TONS Of f i SH ABOARD THROUGH THE STERN SllPWAY , AND CAN fREE ZE AND PACKAGE THE fiSH AT SEA. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, FRED A. SEATON, SECRETARY FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE , ARNIE J. SUOMELA, COMMISSIONER BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES, DONALD L. McKERNAN, DIRECTOR HIGH-SEAS FISHERIE S OF THE U.S.S.R. BY MORTON J. GARFIELD COMMODITY-INDUSTR Y ANALYST BRANCH OF SPECIAL REPORTS DIVISION OF INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH AND SERVICES F I SHERY LEAFLET 482 WASHI NGTON 25) D.C . MAR CH 1959 IT I GII-SE,'\S FTIJID111h3 OF TIT:: u.s.s.n. Contents P ec Status and trends •••••••• •••••• . · · . 1 Principal hir,h-scas fisherios •••••••••••· . 4 Arctic- and F-a ltic-based operations . 4 Ca tch and principal species • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 4 Fishing ports • • • • • • • • • • . · . · . 7 Far Eastern-based operations ••••• • • · . • • • 7 FishinG vessels and equipment •••••••••• •• •• • • 10 Foreien trade ••••••••••••••• · . · . 13 International activities and research • • • • • • • • • • • 15 \Vha ling .... ...... · . 16 List of principal sources ••• • •••••••••••· • 17 Tables Table l.--Catch of fish and shellfish, by selected species, 1948 and 1953-56 Table 2.--:Ha rine landines at Arctic and Baltic ports, by f i shing ar eas , 1956 Table 3.--Number and type of fishing craft, 1940, 1948, 1953- 56 Table 4.--Imports of fishery products by principal countries of origin, 1955-57 Table 5. -
YJ7591-Triode Instruction Sheet
Designed by ® Designed by ® Designed by ® Designed by ® Designed by ® Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® Tube Converter Tube Converter Tube Converter Tube Converter Tube Converter YJ7591 Triode YJ7591 Triode YJ7591 Triode YJ7591 Triode YJ7591 Triode Includes EL84 Power Tubes Includes EL84 Power Tubes Includes EL84 Power Tubes Includes EL84 Power Tubes Includes EL84 Power Tubes Handmade in the U.S.A. Handmade in the U.S.A. Handmade in the U.S.A. Handmade in the U.S.A. Handmade in the U.S.A. Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® Yellow Jackets® • Converts most audio amplifiers with 7591s to EL84s • Converts most audio amplifiers with 7591s to EL84s • Converts most audio amplifiers with 7591s to EL84s • Converts most audio amplifiers with 7591s to EL84s • Converts most audio amplifiers with 7591s to EL84s without modification or rebiasing. without modification or rebiasing. without modification or rebiasing. without modification or rebiasing. without modification or rebiasing. • Converts from Class AB Pentode to Class A Triode • Converts from Class AB Pentode to Class A Triode • Converts from Class AB Pentode to Class A Triode • Converts from Class AB Pentode to Class A Triode • Converts from Class AB Pentode to Class A Triode • Drops output power by 50%. • Drops output power by 50%. • Drops output power by 50%. • Drops output power by 50%. • Drops output power by 50%. • Safe for all common amplifiers and transformers. • Safe for all common amplifiers and transformers. • Safe for all common amplifiers and transformers. • Safe for all common amplifiers and transformers. • Safe for all common amplifiers and transformers. -
Amplifier Radio Frequency Am-1881/U
TM 11-6625-353-35 D E PAR T M E N T O F T H E A R M Y T E C H N I C A L M A N U A L FIELD AND DEPOT MAINTENANCE MANUAL AMPLIFIER RADIO FREQUENCY AM-1881/U HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY 17 FEBRUAY 1961 WARNING DANGEROUS VOLTAGES EXIST IN THIS EQUIPMENT Be careful when working on the 115-volt (or 230-volt if used) ac line connections and on the 390-volt plate and power supply circuits. Serious injury or death may re- sult from contact with these points. DON’T TAKE CHANCES ! This equipment contains a selenium rectifier. When selenium rectifiers fail because of burnout or arc-over, poisonous fumes and compounds are released. The fumes have a strong odor and should not be inhaled. Provide adequate ventilation immediately and do not handle the rectifier until it has cooled. TM 11-6625-353-35 TECHNICAL MANUAL HEADQUARTERS NO. 11-6625-353-35 DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY Washington 25, D. C. 17 February 1961 AMPLIFIER, RADIO FREQUENCY AM-188/U Paragraph Page CHAPTER 1. THEORY Scope . 1 2 Block diagram . 2 2 Stage analysis . 3 2 CHAPTER 2. TROUBLESHOOTING Section I. General troubleshooting techniques General instructions . 4 7 Organization of troubleshooting procedures . 5 7 Test equipment required . 6 8 II. Troubleshooting Amplifier, Radio Frequency AM–1881/U Checking filament and B circuits for shorts . 7 8 Test setup . 8 9 Localizing troubles . 9 9 Stage-gain measurements . 10 11 Dc resistances of transformer T1 . 11 14 III. Repairs and adjustments General parts replacement techniques . -
The Great War and Wireless Communications
Chapter 1 The Great War and Wireless Communications 1.1 LAND - BOUND COMMUNICATIONS 1.1.1 The Battle of Tannenberg and the Electron Tube The guns of August 1914 thundered along a western front from Belgium through northeastern France to the Jura mountains and along an eastern front from East Prussia through Russian Poland and Austro - Hungarian Galicia. (See Figure 1.1 .) When war broke out at the beginning of that month, German leaders followed a strategy formulated by Alfred von Schlieffen nine years earlier in directing most of the available manpower and materiel against their enemies in the West, while fi ght- ing a holding action against the Russians. Fearful of a two - front war, they hoped to force France to sue for peace before the massive Russian armies could be brought effectively to bear on the much smaller German armies in East Prussia and Silesia. In the West, the Germans moved steadily through Belgium, entering Li è ge on 7 August and Brussels on 20 August, and at the same time sharply repulsed the French offensive in Alsace - Lorraine. But news from the Eastern Front was, from the German point of view, quite disturbing. Russia ’ s huge First and Second Armies, numbering some 200,000 men each, had mobilized and reached the front much faster than expected. On 17 August the Russians took the offensive, and on 20 August the Germans suffered a defeat at Gumbinnen. Soon a third of East Prussia was in Russian hands. There wasCOPYRIGHTED widespread fear and some panic MATERIALbehind German lines, and refugees streamed westward toward Berlin.