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It Is More Than a Game

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It Is More Than a Game University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository Communication ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations Spring 4-15-2019 IT IS MORE THAN A GAME: AN ETHNOGRAPHY OF COMMUNICATION TREATMENT OF RESILIENCE AS A KEY ELEMENT OF BASKETBALL CULTURE Matthew hC arles Higgins University of New Mexico Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cj_etds Part of the International and Intercultural Communication Commons, and the Journalism Studies Commons Recommended Citation Higgins, Matthew Charles. "IT IS MORE THAN A GAME: AN ETHNOGRAPHY OF COMMUNICATION TREATMENT OF RESILIENCE AS A KEY ELEMENT OF BASKETBALL CULTURE." (2019). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cj_etds/118 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Communication ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Matthew Charles Higgins Candidate Communication and Journalism Department This thesis is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Thesis Committee: Patricia Covarrubias, Ph.D., Chairperson David Weiss, Ph.D. Laura Burton, Ph.D. IT IS MORE THAN A GAME: AN ETHNOGRAPHY OF COMMUNICATION TREATMENT OF RESILIENCE AS A KEY ELEMENT OF BASKETBALL CULTURE by MATTHEW CHARLES HIGGINS B.A., COMMUNICATION AND JOURNALISM, UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO, 2014 THESIS Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Communication The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico May 2019 ii DEDICATION Ma, on the day I was born you said I am your scholar. Now I am a little bit closer. I love you, with all that I am. iii IT IS MORE THAN A GAME: AN ETHNOGRAPHY OF COMMUNICATION TREATMENT OF RESILIENCE AS A KEY ELEMENT OF BASKETBALL CULTURE by MATTHEW CHARLES HIGGINS B.A., Communication and Journalism, University of New Mexico, 2014 M.A., Communication, University of New Mexico, 2019 ABSTRACT This study, theoretically and methodologically grounded in the ethnography of communication (Hymes 1974; Carbaugh, 1992; Covarrubias, 2008; Philipsen, 1992; Philipsen, Coutu, & Covarrubias, 2005), investigated the relationship between communication and resilience as expressed by professional basketball players and coaches from a particular city in southwest United States, referred to as PG City. Guiding questions include: Is there a basketball culture? Does basketball constitute a speech community? How do basketball and basketball culture help players and coaches fight through adversity? What is the role of resilience within basketball culture? Interviews, using ethnography of communication approaches, were used to uncover elements of resilience in relation to the communication processes of resilience, here defined as the ability to bounce-back and reintegrate after difficult life experiences (Buzzanell, 2010). Using the Hymes (1974) SPEAKING model to analyze participant utterances, this study highlights various elements of basketball culture that are related to experiences of resilience, such as, the grind, don’t talk, and the role of trash-talk as a distinct speech code activated by basketball speech community members. Further, this inquiry shows intrapersonal communication or self-talk to be a key conduit for the iv communication processes of resilience. Results show resilience is influenced by basketball culture as basketball culture expects resilience of its cultural bearers while also teaching the necessary skills to enact that resilience. Further this study shows that basketball culture provides its participants with access to the social network needed to enact and develop resilience. Further, this study provides grounds for further research regarding cultural influences on the development of resilience. Findings from this study suggest future studies investigating the relationship between culture, communication, and resilience are warranted. v Table of Contents Dedication .......................................................................................................................... iii Abstract .............................................................................................................................. iv Table of Contents ............................................................................................................... vi Chapter 1: Introduction ....................................................................................................1 Historical Context ............................................................................................................... 3 Rationale ..............................................................................................................................8 RQ1 ................................................................................................................................10 RQ2 ................................................................................................................................10 RQ3 ................................................................................................................................11 RQ4 ................................................................................................................................11 Preview ............................................................................................................................. 11 Chapter 2: Literature Review ........................................................................................13 Origins of Resilience .........................................................................................................13 Resilience Perspectives .....................................................................................................13 Trait Perspective ...........................................................................................................14 Outcome Perspective ....................................................................................................15 Other Perspectives ........................................................................................................16 Process Perspective .......................................................................................................18 Communication Lens .........................................................................................................19 Ethnography of Communication .......................................................................................21 Speech Codes Theory ........................................................................................................24 Propositions of SCT ......................................................................................................25 SPEAKING Model ............................................................................................................28 Communication Processes of Resilience ...........................................................................29 Crafting Normalcy ........................................................................................................30 Affirming Identity Anchors ..........................................................................................31 Maintaining Communication Networks ........................................................................31 Putting Alternative Logics to Work ..............................................................................32 Foregrounding Productive Action .................................................................................32 Resilience in Athletes ........................................................................................................33 Summary ............................................................................................................................36 Chapter 3: Methodology ..................................................................................................38 Methodological Grounding ................................................................................................38 Role as Researcher .............................................................................................................40 Participants .........................................................................................................................41 Participant Protections .......................................................................................................42 Sampling ............................................................................................................................43 Data Collection ..................................................................................................................43 Rapport Building ................................................................................................................44 In-depth Interviews ............................................................................................................45 Data Analysis .....................................................................................................................49 Validity and Reliability ......................................................................................................51 Summary ............................................................................................................................52 vi Chapter 4:
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