DOCSLIB.ORG

Bats of the Grenadines

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bats of the Grenadines Chiroptera Neotropical 16(1), July 2010 BATS OF THE GRENADINE ISLANDS, WEST INDIES, AND PLACEMENT OF KOOPMAN’S LINE Hugh H. Genoways1*, Gary G. Kwiecinski2, Peter A. Larsen3, Scott C. Pedersen4, Roxanne J. Larsen3, Justin D. Hoffman5, Mark de Silva6, Carleton J. Phillips3, and Robert J. Baker3 1. University of Nebraska State Museum, W436 Nebraska Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588. U.S.A. 2. Biology Department, University of Scranton, 800 Linden Street, Scranton, PA 18510. U.S.A. 3. Department of Biological Sciences and Museum, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409 . U.S.A. 4. Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007. U.S.A. 5. Department of Biological and Health Sciences, McNeese State University, MSU Box 92000, Lake Charles, LA 70609. U.S.A. 6. P.O. Box 860, Kingstown, St. Vincent and the Grenadines. * Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract. Almost nothing is known concerning the chiropteran fauna on the Grenadine Islands, a chain of islands between St. Vincent and Grenada located near the southern end of the Lesser Antilles. Previously, only a single species—Glossophaga longirostris—had been reported from the Grenadines. Our research, conducted on 4 occasions over the period of 1980 to 2006, provided museum vouchers and genetic specimens for the addition of 4 other species to the known fauna of these islands—Noctilio leporinus, Artibeus lituratus, Artibeus schwartzi, and Molossus molossus. The Grenadines, being situated between St. Vincent and Grenada, occupy an important zoogeographic position. None of the 12 species of bats occurring on Grenada are Antillean endemics, whereas on St. Vincent, to the north of the Grenadines, 3 of the 12 species are Antillean endemics. The boundary of the West Indian Subregion of the Neotropical Region based on the distribution of mammals has been designated as Koopman’s Line. One of the areas where placement of Koopman’s Line was unresolved was among the Grenadine Islands because the chiropteran fauna of this area was essentially unknown. Based on data reported herein, we place Koopman’s Line along the 14-km wide Bequia Channel that separates St. Vincent and the northern-most Grenadine island of Bequia. Keywords: biodiversity, Chiroptera, Grenadine Islands, Koopman’s Line, systematics, zoogeography. Introduction sedimentary elements (Beard 1949). Although The Grenadines are a series of nearly 200 politically divided, the Grenadines are islands, islets, cays, and rocks in the southern geologically united along the narrow 4000 square Lesser Antilles. Geographically, the Grenadines km platform known as the Grenada Bank. The span a 110-km stretch of water between St. 14-km wide Bequia Channel separating St. Vincent in the north and Grenada in the south. At Vincent and Bequia, which reaches a depth of least 7 of the islands have permanent settlements 1100 m, marks the northern end of the Grenada and some of the other smaller islets have been Bank. Channels ranging from only 22 to 37 m converted into resorts. Today, tourism is the deep separate the islands along this bank, which main industry in the Grenadines and is the cause extends at this depth approximately 30 km to the of considerable development on many of the southwest of Grenada, although without islands. islands. The Grenadines are divided politically, The Grenadine islands were united with Grenada with those islands north of the Petite Martinique to form a single elongate island during the Last Channel (Fig. 1) being part of the nation of St. Glacial Maximum (26,500 to 19,000 years before Vincent and the Grenadines—major islands present; Clark et al. 2009), resulting from a including Bequia, Mustique, Canouan, Mayreau, Pleistocene sea level lowering of 120 to 135 m and Union—and those south of the channel being (Watters 1989). part of the nation of Grenada—the only major Although the chiropteran faunas of St. Vincent island is Carriacou, whereas Petite Martinique is (Vaughan and Hill 1996) and Grenada much smaller. (Genoways et al. 1998) have been studied in The Grenadine islands are primarily of volcanic recent years, almost nothing is published origin, but many also include uplifted concerning the intervening fauna on the 501 Chiroptera Neotropical 16(1), July 2010 Grenadines. Allen (1908) was the first to record specimens under the name Glossophaga bats from the Grenadine islands when he longirostris rostrata (Miller 1913a). The only presented data on a series of Glossophaga other mention of Grenadine bats was by Jones longirostris from Carriacou and Union Island (1989) when he included 4 species from the deposited in the Museum of Comparative islands in his table on the distribution of bats in Zoology, Harvard University. These same the Lesser Antilles. These species occurrences vouchers were reported again by Allen (1911) in were reported without reference to specific his classic “Mammals of the West Indies” and by localities or islands, and were based on bats Miller (1913b) in his revision of the genus captured during the early phase of our research. Glossophaga. Miller (1913b) reported these Figure 1. Map showing the Grenadine islands, St. Vincent, and Grenada at the southern end of the Lesser Antilles. The Bequia Channel marks the position of Koopman’s Line. The Petit Martinique Channel is the dividing point between the nations of St. Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada. The Grenadines, being situated between St. support the conclusion that all species of bats Vincent and Grenada, occupy an important inhabiting islands in the Caribbean region arrived zoogeographic position (Genoways et al. 1998). by over water dispersal or evolved in place In 1987-88, nucleotide restriction site mapping of (Baker and Genoways 1978; Hedges 2006; Pregill bat mitochondrial genomes was employed for the 1981; Morgan and Woods 1986; Pumo et al. first time on the Caribbean fauna, and based on 1988, 1996; Phillips et al. 1989, 1991). To the these data it was hypothesized that the Grenadines south of the Grenadines, the chiropteran fauna of acted as a “filter” to northward or southward Grenada consists of species that either invaded dispersal by bats (Phillips et al. 1989). This was from such areas as Trinidad or the South an important hypothesis because all current data American mainland or are species that are so widespread in their distribution that no particular 502 Chiroptera Neotropical 16(1), July 2010 route of invasion can be determined at this time fruit-eating bats. A dense, shrubby under story is (Genoways et al. 1998). None of the species of often dominated by rough velvet seed (Guettarda bats occurring on Grenada are Antillean scabra), cucubano de vieques (G. odorata), false endemics, whereas on St. Vincent, to the north of chiggergrape (Coccoloba venosa), and lancewood the Grenadines, 3 of the 12 species are Antillean (Nectandra coriacea). Low lying coastal areas endemics that are characteristic of the Lesser are dominated by red mangrove (Rhizophora Antilles (Vaughan and Hill 1996). Two of these mangle), black mangrove (Avicennia germinans), species—Monophyllus plethodon and and manchineel (Hippomane mancinella). A Brachyphylla cavernarum—occur from Puerto number of species of regional and introduced fruit Rico southeastward to St. Vincent and Barbados. trees add to the diversity of plants on the islands The third species—Ardops nichollsi—is a Lesser and foods available to bats, but nowhere in the Antillean endemic, but does not occur on Grenadines have we seen these trees occurring in Barbados. The foregoing data and analyses led managed plantations, including mangos Genoways et al. (1998) to place the boundary of (Mangifera indica), banana (Musa sp.), coconut the West Indian Faunal Subregion, designated by palm (Cocos nucifera), guava (Psidium guajava), them as Koopman’s Line, between St. Vincent guinep (Melicoccus bijugatus), sapodilla and Grenada. They opined that once the (Manilkara zapota), nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), chiropteran fauna of the Grenadines was known, lime (Citrus latifolia), and soursop (Annona it could be “that Koopman’s Line may eventually muricata). be found to bisect the Grenadines” (Genoways et All of the islands are relatively low lying, with al. 1998: 20). the highest elevation just over 300 m. Because of The goals of our field research in the Grenadine these low elevations, none of the islands creates islands were a) to describe the biodiversity of the its own weather, making all of the islands chiropteran fauna occurring on the islands and b) comparatively arid (Beard 1949), with annual to use this information to refine our understanding rainfall being in the range of just over 100 cm. of West Indian zoogeography by determining the The islands do have arid-adapted thorny plants, placement of Koopman’s Line in the region. including prickly pear cactus (Opuntia dillenii), Refining our understanding of geographic century plants (Agave caribaeicola), and several placement of Koopman’s Line or, alternatively, species of acacia (Acacia). The driest part of the discovering that it is more of a region than a year is from December to late April. Annual narrow zone, is the first step to testing hypotheses temperatures range from 27º to 32º C. about ecological or other factors involved in the The Grenadines lie near the southern boundary zoogeographic phenomenon. To this purpose, we of the Caribbean hurricane belt, thus experience conducted field research during 4 years in the fewer hurricane-strength tropical storms than Grenadines, including 1980, 1986, 2005, and islands further to the north. Hurricane Janet in 2006. Our work has resulted in the collection of September 1955 caused major damage in the 395 voucher specimens of 5 species. These data islands. More recently, Hurricane Ivan in are reported herein. September 2004 and especially Hurricane Emily in July 2005 caused damage in the Grenadines, Materials and Methods particularly on Carriacou (Caribbean Hurricane Study area. The Grenadine islands are volcanic in Network 2008).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Karubats Niouz, Nous Traitons D’Un Sujet D’Actualité En Guade- Les Chauves-Souris Loupe : Le Développement De L’Énergie Éolienne
    K arubats Niouz La lettre d’information du Groupe Chiroptères de Guadeloupe N°2 - 2015 Eolien et Chiroptères p.2 Edito Dans ce nouveau numéro de Karubats Niouz, nous traitons d’un sujet d’actualité en Guade- Les chauves-souris loupe : le développement de l’énergie éolienne. en entreprise Nous éclairons le lecteur sur l’impact que peut p.12 avoir cette activité sur certaines espèces de chauves-souris quand leur présence n’est pas suFFisamment prise en compte. Suivi d’une colonie La rubrique "des chauves-souris et des De Fers-de-lances communs hommes » met en exergue un bel exemple de p.23 donnant-donnant entre les Fers-de-lances com- muns et une entreprise locale, Phytobôkaz ! Et notre reporter Manzel Ardops de Fond dupré des Grands-Fonds interroge son Fondateur, le Dr Henri Joseph. Sommaire L’espèce poto mitan de notre biodiversité est le Sturnire de Guadeloupe. Vous découvrirez en 2 Eolien et chiroptères quoi elle participe à la luxuriance de la Forêt tro- 11 Des Chauves-Souris et des Hommes picale humide. Mise en ligne des fiches ‘Molosses‘. L’aide précieuse des chauves-souris au sein de l’entreprise Le zoom espèce est consacré à une espèce Phytobocaz rare, le Chiroderme de la Guadeloupe. 14 Les Chauves-Souris Poto Mitan de notre biodiversité Vous trouverez les synthèses de nos principales . Sturnire de Guadeloupe et ailes à mouches études menées en 2014 et 2015, de l’étude 16 Zoom Espèce : Le Chiroderme de Guadeloupe d’envergure réalisée pour l’évaluation des 18 Etudes et suivis chauves-souris dans les bananeraies aux suivis .
    [Show full text]
  • Predictors of Bat Species Richness Within the Islands of the Caribbean Basin
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum Museum, University of Nebraska State 10-11-2019 Predictors of Bat Species Richness within the Islands of the Caribbean Basin Justin D. Hoffman McNeese State University, [email protected] Gabrielle Kadlubar McNeese State University, [email protected] Scott C. Pedersen South Dakota State University, [email protected] Roxanne J. Larsen University of Minnesota, [email protected] Peter A. Larsen University of Minnesota, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/museummammalogy Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons, and the Zoology Commons Hoffman, Justin D.; Kadlubar, Gabrielle; Pedersen, Scott C.; Larsen, Roxanne J.; Larsen, Peter A.; Phillips, Carleton J.; Kwiecinski, Gary G.; and Genoways, Hugh H., "Predictors of Bat Species Richness within the Islands of the Caribbean Basin" (2019). Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum. 293. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/museummammalogy/293 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Museum, University of Nebraska State at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Authors Justin D. Hoffman, Gabrielle Kadlubar, Scott C. Pedersen, Roxanne J. Larsen, Peter A. Larsen, Carleton J. Phillips, Gary G. Kwiecinski, and Hugh H. Genoways This article is available at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ museummammalogy/293 Hoffman, Kadlubar, Pedersen, Larsen, Larsen, Phillips, Kwiecinski, and Genoways in Special Publications / Museum of Texas Tech University, no.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Artibeus Jamaicensis</I>
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum Museum, University of Nebraska State 6-1-2007 Phylogenetics and Phylogeography of the Artibeus jamaicensis Complex Based on Cytochrome-b DNA Sequences Peter A. Larsen Texas Tech University, [email protected] Steven R. Hoofer Matthew C. Bozeman Scott C. Pedersen South Dakota State University, [email protected] Hugh H. Genoways University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/museummammalogy Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Molecular Genetics Commons, and the Zoology Commons Larsen, Peter A.; Hoofer, Steven R.; Bozeman, Matthew C.; Pedersen, Scott C.; Genoways, Hugh H.; Phillips, Carleton J.; Pumo, Dorothy E.; and Baker, Robert J., "Phylogenetics and Phylogeography of the Artibeus jamaicensis Complex Based on Cytochrome-b DNA Sequences" (2007). Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum. 53. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/museummammalogy/53 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Museum, University of Nebraska State at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Authors Peter A. Larsen, Steven R. Hoofer, Matthew C. Bozeman, Scott C. Pedersen, Hugh H. Genoways, Carleton J. Phillips, Dorothy E. Pumo, and Robert J. Baker This article is available at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ museummammalogy/53 Journal of Mammalogy, 88(3):712–727, 2007 PHYLOGENETICS AND PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF THE ARTIBEUS JAMAICENSIS COMPLEX BASED ON CYTOCHROME-b DNA SEQUENCES PETER A.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Genetic Diversification of Bats in the Caribbean and Biogeographic Relationships to Neotropical Species Based on DNA Barcodes
    Genome Review of genetic diversification of bats in the Caribbean and biogeographic relationships to Neotropical species based on DNA barcodes Journal: Genome Manuscript ID gen-2015-0204.R2 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the Author: 10-Jun-2016 Complete List of Authors: Lim, Burton; Royal Ontario Museum, Natural History Keyword: Antilles, Chiroptera,Draft Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Martinique https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/genome-pubs Page 1 of 56 Genome Review of genetic diversification of bats in the Caribbean and biogeographic relationships to Neotropical species based on DNA barcodes Burton K. Lim B.K. Lim , Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada. Draft Corresponding author: Burton K. Lim ( [email protected] ). 1 https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/genome-pubs Genome Page 2 of 56 Abstract: DNA barcoding is helping in discovering high levels of cryptic species and an underestimation of biodiversity in many groups of organisms. Although mammals are arguably the most studied and one of the least speciose taxonomic classes, the rate of species discovery is increasing and biased for small mammals on islands. An earlier study found bats in the Caribbean as a taxonomic and geographic deficiency in the International Barcode of Life initiative to establish a genetic reference database to enable specimen identification to species. Recent surveys in Dominican Republic, Jamaica, and Martinique have documented and barcoded half of the 58 bat species known from the Caribbean. I analyze all available barcode data of Caribbean bats to investigate biogeography and cryptic species in the Neotropical region. Analysis of the mitochondrial DNA gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 results in a phylogenetic tree with all but one speciesDraft as well-supported and reciprocally monophyletic.
    [Show full text]
  • Bats of the Grenadine Islands, West Indies, and Placement of Koopman's Line
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum Museum, University of Nebraska State 7-2010 Bats of the Grenadine Islands, West Indies, and Placement of Koopman's Line Hugh H. Genoways University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Gary G. Kwiecinski University of Scranton Peter A. Larsen Texas Tech University, [email protected] Scott C. Pedersen South Dakota State University, [email protected] Roxanne J. Larsen Texas Tech University, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/museummammalogy Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Zoology Commons Genoways, Hugh H.; Kwiecinski, Gary G.; Larsen, Peter A.; Pedersen, Scott C.; Larsen, Roxanne J.; Hoffman, Justin D.; de Silva, Mark; Phillips, Carleton J.; and Baker, Robert J., "Bats of the Grenadine Islands, West Indies, and Placement of Koopman's Line" (2010). Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum. 129. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/museummammalogy/129 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Museum, University of Nebraska State at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Authors Hugh H. Genoways, Gary G. Kwiecinski, Peter A. Larsen, Scott C. Pedersen, Roxanne J. Larsen, Justin D. Hoffman, Mark de Silva, Carleton J. Phillips, and Robert J. Baker This article is available at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ museummammalogy/129 Chiroptera Neotropical 16(1), July 2010 BATS OF THE GRENADINE ISLANDS, WEST INDIES, AND PLACEMENT OF KOOPMAN’S LINE Hugh H.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 DIETA Y EVOLUCIÓN DEL TAMAÑO DEL ENCÉFALO EN MURCIÉLAGOS FILOSTÓMIDOS Diana Marcela Ochoa-Sanz1, Danny Rojas1 1Departamen
    DIETA Y EVOLUCIÓN DEL TAMAÑO DEL ENCÉFALO EN MURCIÉLAGOS FILOSTÓMIDOS Diana Marcela Ochoa-Sanz1, Danny Rojas1 1Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali, Cali, Colombia. RESUMEN La dieta es un factor ecológico que explica la diversidad del tamaño del encéfalo en vertebrados. Estudios en murciélagos filostómidos (la familia de mamíferos con mayor diversidad trófica) sugieren que el encéfalo de las especies frugívoras es comparativamente mayor que el de las especies de otros gremios tróficos. Sin embargo, estudios más recientes muestran que al menos el 73% de los filostómidos son omnívoros y presentan gran variación en la proporción y composición de los ítems vegetales y animales que consumen. Agrupar a las especies en gremios discretos y usar un único gremio para los distintos tipos de omnivoría puede no reflejar adecuadamente la complejidad trófica de los filostómidos. Por esta razón, la relación evolutiva entre la dieta y el tamaño del encéfalo en la mayor radiación de murciélagos neotropicales continúa siendo un misterio. En este estudio se evalúa esta relación evolutiva en 124 especies de filostómidos, utilizando tres aproximaciones a la dieta de las especies que consideran la posición trófica, los óptimos adaptativos de esta variable y distintos tipos de omnivoría. Además, se examina por primera vez la relación entre la dieta y el tamaño relativo de varias estructuras encefálicas. Las especies mayoritariamente y estrictamente herbívoras tienen encéfalos y estructuras encefálicas relacionadas con la memoria espacial y la olfacción proporcionalmente más grandes que las especies animalívoras. En estas últimas, algunas estructuras encefálicas responsables de procesar señales visuales y auditivas son proporcionalmente más grandes que en las primeras.
    [Show full text]
  • Systématique, Phylogénie Et Évolution Moléculaires Des Phyllostomidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera) : Une Approche Mitogénomique Comparative Fidel Botero-Castro
    Systématique, phylogénie et évolution moléculaires des Phyllostomidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera) : une approche mitogénomique comparative Fidel Botero-Castro To cite this version: Fidel Botero-Castro. Systématique, phylogénie et évolution moléculaires des Phyllostomidae (Mam- malia, Chiroptera) : une approche mitogénomique comparative. Biologie moléculaire. Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2014. Français. NNT : 2014MON20053. tel-01344308 HAL Id: tel-01344308 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01344308 Submitted on 11 Jul 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Délivré par L’UNIVERSITE MONTPELLIER 2 Préparée au sein de l’école doctorale SIBAGHE Et de l’unité de recherche ISE-M - UMR5554 Spécialité : EERGP - Evolution, Ecologie, Ressources Génétiques, Paléontologie Présentée par Fidel BOTERO-CASTRO Systématique, phylogénie et évolution moléculaires de la famille Phyllostomidae (Mammalia : Chiroptera) : une approche mitogénomique comparative. Soutenue le 12/12/2014 devant le jury composé de M. Christophe DOUADY, Professeur, Université Lyon 1 Président du Jury Mme Emma TEELING, PhD, University College Dublin Rapporteur M. Alexandre HASSANIN, PhD, MNHN Examinateur M. Emmanuel DOUZERY, Professeur, Université Montpellier 2 Directeur M. Frédéric DELSUC, CR, CNRS CoDirecteur 1 2 RÉSUMÉ Les marqueurs mitochondriaux sont devenus incontournables dans une vaste gamme de disciplines de la biologie.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity, Biogeography, and Conservation of Bats in the Lesser Antilles
    Biodiversity, Biogeography, and Conservation of Bats in the Lesser Antilles Scott C. PEDERSEN, Hugh H. GENOWAYS, Gary G. KWIECINSKI, Peter A. LARSEN, and Roxanne J. LARSEN he chiropteran fauna of the Lesser Antilles Tconsists of 26 species. The diversity of this fauna Table 1: List of the species of bats occurring on the Lesser is low when compared with Neotropical faunas of large Antillean islands. continental islands or at sites on the adjacent mainland, however, the Lesser Antillean fauna contains 11 species Family Emballonuridae endemic to these islands making it worthy of large-scale Peropteryx trinitatis conservation efforts. At the southern end of the Lesser Antilles, the biological limit of the Lesser Antillean bat Family Mormoopidae fauna is marked by Koopman’s Line. To the south of this Pteronotus davyi line, the bat faunas of the Grenadines and Grenada are Pteronotus rubiginosus composed of South American and widespread species Family Noctilionidae of bats. The central Lesser Antillean islands have been Noctilio leporinus grouped as the “Lesser Antillean Faunal Core.” The bat faunas of these islands are characterized by the presence Family Phyllostomidae of 9 or more species and several endemic species that Brachyphylla cavernarum * occur on only one or two of these islands. The faunas of Anoura geoffroyi the northern Lesser Antillean islands are united into the Glossophaga longirostris “Northern Antillean Faunal Area” and share the same Monophyllus plethodon ** eight species of bats. The conservation of bats is critical Micronycteris megalotis not only to the biodiversity that they represent, but to Ardops nichollsi ** the maintenance of biodiversity of other fauna and flora.
    [Show full text]
  • Caribbean Basin Hoffman Et Al.Pdf
    Special Publications Museum of Texas Tech University Number xx71 11xx October XXXX 20102019 Title From Field to Laboratory: A Memorial Volume In Honor of Robert J. Baker Edited by Robert D. Bradley, Hugh H. Genoways, David J. Schmidly, and Lisa C. Bradley Front cover: A selection of photos representing Robert J. Baker’s career. The editors of this volume sincerely thank the many colleagues, friends, and students of Robert J. Baker that contributed 300+ photographs for the Baker retirement celebration in 2015 and for the memorial service in 2018, from which the images featured on this cover were selected. Top row, left to right: Baker in his Biology lab, 2006, photo by Neal Hinkle, courtesy of Texas Tech University; preparing to karyotype a Sundamys muelleri, Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, 2006, photo by Peter A. Larsen; pinning bat specimens, Rattlesnake Canyon, Val Verde County, Texas, 2005, photo by Bill D. Mueller, courtesy of Museum of Texas Tech University. Middle row, left to right: examining a Macrotus californicus, 2011, Picacho Peak State Park, Arizona, photo by Lizette Siles; setting a mist net, 2009, Placitas, New Mexico, photo by Lizette Siles; removing a Uroderma bilobatum from a mist net, 1977, Guatemala, photo by Ira F. Greenbaum. Bottom row, left to right: admiring a Hipposideros galeritus, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo, 2006, photo by Peter A. Larsen; karyotyping, Guatemala, 1977, photo by Ira F. Greenbaum; with Chernobyl specimens at NSRL, 1990, photo by Artie Limmer, courtesy of Texas Tech University. SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS Museum of Texas Tech University Number 71 From Field to Laboratory: A Memorial Volume in Honor of Robert J.
    [Show full text]
  • Tesis CONOCIMIENTO Y CONSERVACIÓN DE LOS MURCIÉLAGOS FILOSTÓMIDOS (CHIROPTERA: PHYLLOSTOMIDAE) Y SU UTILIDAD COMO BIOINDICADO
    Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Alex Mauricio Jiménez Ortega UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE MADRID FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE ECOLOGÍA CONOCIMIENTO Y CONSERVACIÓN DE LOS MURCIÉLAGOS FILOSTÓMIDOS (CHIROPTERA: PHYLLOSTOMIDAE) Y SU UTILIDAD COMO BIOINDICADORES DE LA PERTURBACIÓN DE LOS BOSQUES NEOTROPICALES Tesis presentada por Alex Mauricio Jiménez Ortega Para optar al grado de Doctor en Ecología y Medio Ambiente Bajo la dirección de los Doctores: Hugo Mantilla Meluk Carlos Ibáñez Ulargui Manuel Morales Prieto Tutor Académico MADRID, 2013 2 Tesis Doctoral Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Alex Mauricio Jiménez Ortega UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE MADRID FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE ECOLOGÍA CONOCIMIENTO Y CONSERVACIÓN DE LOS MURCIÉLAGOS FILOSTÓMIDOS (CHIROPTERA: PHYLLOSTOMIDAE) Y SU UTILIDAD COMO BIOINDICADORES DE LA PERTURBACIÓN DE LOS BOSQUES NEOTROPICALES TESIS DOCTORAL Alex Mauricio Jiménez Ortega MADRID, 2013 3 Tesis Doctoral Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Alex Mauricio Jiménez Ortega UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE MADRID FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE ECOLOGÍA CONOCIMIENTO Y CONSERVACIÓN DE LOS MURCIÉLAGOS FILOSTÓMIDOS (CHIROPTERA: PHYLLOSTOMIDAE) Y SU UTILIDAD COMO BIOINDICADORES DE LA PERTURBACIÓN DE LOS BOSQUES NEOTROPICALES Tesis para optar al GRADO DE DOCTOR EN ECOLOGÍA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE presentada por Alex Mauricio Jiménez Ortega Este trabajo ha sido dirigido por los Doctores Hugo Mantilla Meluk, Profesor de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia y Carlos Ibáñez Ulargui, Profesor de Investigación Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC) y bajo la tutoria académica de Manuel Morales Prieto, Profesor de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Madrid, Julio de 2013 Alex Mauricio Jiménez Ortega Dr. Hugo Mantilla Meluk Dr. Carlos Ibáñez Ulargui Universidad Nacional de Colombia Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC) Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Tent-Roosting May Have Driven the Evolution of Yellow Skin Coloration
    1 1 Tent-roosting may have driven the evolution of yellow skin 2 coloration in Stenodermatinae bats 3 4 Running title: Tent-roosting and bat color evolution 5 6 Ismael Galván1, Juan C. Vargas-Mena2 and Bernal Rodríguez-Herrera3 7 8 1Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Doñana Biological Station, CSIC, Sevilla, Spain 9 2Department of Ecology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil 10 3School of Biology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica 11 12 Correspondence 13 Email: [email protected] 14 15 KEYWORDS: carotenoid-based pigmentation, color evolution, nocturnal color vision, skin 16 coloration, tent-roosting bats 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 2 26 Abstract 27 The recent discovery of the first mammal that deposits significant amounts of carotenoid 28 pigments in the skin (the Honduran white bat Ectophylla alba) has highlighted the 29 presence of conspicuous yellow coloration in the bare skin of some bats. This is patent in 30 the subfamily Stenodermatinae, where many species build tents with plant leaves for 31 communal roosting at daytime. On the basis that tents offer rich light conditions by partly 32 allowing sunlight to pass through the leaves and this makes that yellow coloration probably 33 provides camouflage benefits to tent-roosting bats, that gregariousness facilitates visual 34 communication, and that all Stenodermatinae bats possess retinal L-cones that allow the 35 perception of long-wavelength light and have a frugivorous diet from which carotenoids are 36 obtained, we hypothesized that tent-roosting may have driven the evolution of yellow skin 37 coloration in this group of bats.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity and Diversification Across the Global Radiation of Extant Bats
    Diversity and Diversification Across the Global Radiation of Extant Bats by Jeff J. Shi A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ecology and Evolutionary Biology) in the University of Michigan 2018 Doctoral Committee: Professor Catherine Badgley, co-chair Assistant Professor and Assistant Curator Daniel Rabosky, co-chair Associate Professor Geoffrey Gerstner Associate Research Scientist Miriam Zelditch Kalong (Malay, traditional) Pteropus vampyrus (Linnaeus, 1758) Illustration by Gustav Mützel (Brehms Tierleben), 19271 1 Reproduced as a work in the public domain of the United States of America; accessible via the Wikimedia Commons repository. EPIGRAPHS “...one had to know the initial and final states to meet that goal; one needed knowledge of the effects before the causes could be initiated.” Ted Chiang; Story of Your Life (1998) “Dr. Eleven: What was it like for you, at the end? Captain Lonagan: It was exactly like waking up from a dream.” Emily St. John Mandel; Station Eleven (2014) Bill Watterson; Calvin & Hobbes (October 27, 1989)2 2 Reproduced according to the educational usage policies of, and direct correspondence with Andrews McMeel Syndication. © Jeff J. Shi 2018 [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0002-8529-7100 DEDICATION To the memory and life of Samantha Jade Wang. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS All of the research presented here was supported by a National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship, an Edwin H. Edwards Scholarship in Biology, and awards from the University of Michigan’s Rackham Graduate School and the Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology (EEB). A significant amount of computational work was funded by a Michigan Institute for Computational Discovery and Engineering fellowship; specimen scanning, loans, and research assistants were funded by the Museum of Zoology’s Hinsdale & Walker fund and an NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant.
    [Show full text]