The Study on the Problems of the Current Korean Churches
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Liberty University School of Divinity THE STUDY ON THE PROBLEMS OF THE CURRENT KOREAN CHURCHES A Thesis Project Submitted to The Faculty of Liberty University School of Divinity in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Ministry by Hai Sun Lee Lynchburg, Virginia November 2016 Copyright © 2016 by Hai Sun Lee All Rights Reserved ii Liberty University School of Divinity Thesis Project Approval Sheet MENTOR: Dr. C. Fred Smith Associate Professor of Theology and Biblical Studies READER: Dr. Sungtaek Kim Assistant Professor of Practical Theology iii ABSTRACT THE STUDY ON THE PROBLEMS OF THE CURRENT KOREAN CHURCHES Hai Sun Lee Liberty University School of Divinity, 2016 Mentor: Dr. C. Fred Smith Christianity in South Korean experienced unusually rapid growth for almost 100 years: The revival of church members, the growth of prayer, worship, and evangelism. However, current Korean churches face many problems that have stopped the growth, and actually put the Korean church in a decline. The problems, but are not limited to, are unethical aspects of pastor; including tax problem, huge church constructions, and loving materials. Korean churches should know why these kinds of problems occur and what the solutions are. There are many studies regarding the development of Korean churches but there are few studies examining the problems of Korean churches. This is the reason why the researcher chose this topic. The problems and their causes need to be identified, and recommendations made to correct them, and prevent them from happening in the future. This project will seek to accomplish this. This study will include a search of literature including books, journals, newspapers and a survey of at least 40 ministers, professors, and scholars. Abstract length: 165 words. iv DEDICATION To my great God, the Creator, I offer my reverence and love, and I sincerely give thanks to the master of all Christians- Jesus Christ. To my eldest son in Heaven, Joshua, to my parents in their older age, to my older brothers and sister, and to my youngest son Moses and his mother Maria, I owe my deepest thanks. To my mentor, Dr. C. Fred Smith, to my leader Sungtaek Kim, and to all professors of the School of Divinity at Liberty University, I heartily thank you. To Pastor Valentine Han who has served thirty years of ministry in the United States, to Rachel Hoagland who offered me much of help with the translation in English and taught my youngest son during staying of my family in the United States, thank you. Also, especially thanks to Pastor Sung-Shin Park who has served the Pebble Community Church in Lynchburg. In addition, Pastor Yang-Gu Han who has served a pastor at Bethany Church in Korea and takes care of the elderly and homeless, Pastor Matthew H. Lee who has served Clay-city ministry in Lynchburg, and his American friend, Mr. Ade, I give heart-felt thanks. Until God calls me to Heaven, may the Holy Spirit give me guidance and obedience to the truth of the Bible, and may I continue to endure with joy. May I gain a deeper understanding of the fear of God through striving to understand the Bible. God has given me life; may I never forget the greatest commandment - to love Him. To my family and neighbors, may I live as their faithful servant, striving to love and serve them and to spread the word of Jesus Christ. v Contents Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………………. iv Dedication …………………………………………………………………………………….…. v Contents …………………………………………………………………………….….….….…. vi Tables .………………………………………………………………………………….….….…. x Illustrations …………………………………………………………………………….….….…. xi Chapter 1: Introduction .…………………………………………………………………….…. 1 The Statement of the Problem …………………………………………………………….….…. 1 Biblical Basis …………………………………………………………………………………… 5 Theological Basis ……………………………………………………………………………… 6 The Statement of Methodology ………………………………………………………………… 7 The Statement of Limitation …………………………………………………………………… 9 The Review of Literatures ……………………………………………………………………… 9 Chapter 2: The Principles of Christian Ethics ……………………………………………… 19 Relations Between Lives of Contemporary People, Religion, and Ethics ……………………… 19 Lives of Contemporary People and Religious Ethics …………………………………… 19 A Believer’s Life and the Main Principles of Christian Ethics ………………………… 20 Requirements and Necessities of Christian Ethics ……………………………………………… 21 The Ethical Problems in the Modern Christian Church in Korea ……………………… 21 Necessity of Christian Ethics …………………………………………………………… 27 Principles and Possibilities of Practice in Christian Ethics …………………………………… 30 Fundamental Principles of Christian Ethics …………………………………………… 30 vi Possibility to Realize Christian Ethics ………………………………………………… 31 Ideal of Christian Ethics ………………………………………………………………………… 33 Chapter 3: The Results of the Questionnaire about the Issues in Christian Ethics ……… 35 The Purpose and Process of the Questionnaire ………………………………………………… 35 Survey Data Collection ………………………………………………………………………… 35 Participant Portraits (Q1 - Q5) ………………………………………………………… 36 An Analysis of the Survey Responses (Q6 – Q22) ……………………………………… 41 The Biblical Definition of Tax ………………………………………………………………… 68 Chapter 4: Suggestions to Biblically Apply Christian Ethics ……………………………… 70 The Essence of Christian Ethics for the Korean Church ……………………………………… 71 An Ethical Christian Faith for the Korean Church …………………………………… 71 Ethical Christian Practice for the Korean Church …………………………………… 73 The Faithful’s Sanctification, Discernment of the World, and Practice ……………… 74 The Faithful’s Zeal, Hope, and Self-Satisfaction ……………………………………… 75 Curriculum Suggestions for Church Ministry to Recover the Ethical Lifestyle of Christians ……………………………………………… 76 Biblical Preaching to Imbue an Accurate Sense of Ethical Christian Values ………… 76 The Purpose of Suggesting the Curriculum …………………………………… 76 An Example of a Biblical Sermon from an Ethical Christian Perspective …… 77 Bible Study to Teach Disciples Using Christian Ethics ………………………………… 81 The Purpose of Suggesting the Curriculum …………………………………… 81 One-Year Course Curriculum for Bible Study from an Ethical Christian Perspective ……………………………………… 82 vii A Holistic Worship Education on Practicing an Ethical Christian Life ……………… 88 The Purpose of Suggesting the Curriculum …………………………………… 88 Holistic Worship Curriculums: An Education on Practicing an Ethical Christian Life ……………………… 88 Curriculum Suggestions for Seminary to Recover the Christian Leader’s Ethical Lifestyle ……………………………………….…. 90 The Necessity of an Ethical Christian Education for the Christian Leader …………… 90 Requests for an Ethical Education for Pastors from the Survey Results ……… 90 The Situation of Ethical Christian Educations in Major Seminaries in South Korea ………………………………………… 91 The Current Situation and Evaluation of the Existing Education of Christian Ethics …………………………….…. 93 Christian Ethics Curriculums for Pastors or Seminary Students ……………………… 94 Educational Goals and Principles ……………………………………………… 94 One-Year (Two Semesters) Curriculum Suggestions for Christian Ethics ……. 94 Chapter 5: Conclusion ………………………………………………………………………. 100 Conclusive Deliberation: A Practical Motivation, Process, and Result of Christian Ethics … 100 Summary ……………………………………………………………………………….….… 103 Recommendation ……………………………………………………………………………… 107 The Results of Christian Ethics and Jesus’ Second Coming and Judgement ………………… 111 Bibliography ………………………………………………………………………………… 114 Appendix A: Consent form (English) ………………………………………………………… 124 viii Appendix B: Consent form (Korean) ………………………………………………………… 126 Appendix C: Questionnaires (English) ……………………………………………………… 129 Appendix D: Questionnaires (Korean) ………………………………………………………… 132 IRB Approval ………………………………………………………………………………… 136 ix Tables 3.1 Genders of Participants – Question 1 ……………………………………………………… 36 3.2 Ages of Participants – Question 2 ………………………………………………………… 37 3.3 Highest Level of Education – Question 3 ………………………………………………… 38 3.4 Amount of Time Serving Churches – Question 4 ………………………………………… 39 3.5 Positions of the Participants – Question 5 ………………………………………………… 40 3.6 The Most Important Issues of the Church in Korea – Question 6 ………………………… 41 3.7 Solutions for Ethical Problems – Question 8 ……………………………………………… 44 3.8 The Validity of Constructing a Church Building – Question 9 …………………………… 46 3.9 The Issue of Taxation – Question 12 ……………………………………………………… 51 3.10 Are the Lives of the Saints Distinguished? Question 14 ………………………………… 54 3.11 Education Should Be Reinforced at Church – Question 16 ……………………………… 57 3.12 Emphasis on Excess Offerings – Question 17 …………………………………………… 59 3.13 Opinions on Hereditary Succession – Question 20 ……………………………………… 63 3.14 Best Method of Succession – Question 22 ………………………………………………… 66 4.1 One-Year Course Curriculum for Bible Study from an Ethical Christian Perspective …… 82 4.2 Prayer School Education: 10 weeks ………………………………………………………… 88 4.3 Faith Training Program Plan ……………………………………………………………… 89 4.4 Creating Volunteer Programs ……………………………………………………………… 90 4.5 15-week Course Syllabus for the First Semester …………………………………………… 95 4.6 15-week Course Syllabus for the Second Semester ………………………………………… 98 x Illustrations Figures 3.1 Genders of Participants – Question 1 ……………………………………………………… 36 3.2 Ages of Participants – Question 2 ………………………………………………………… 37 3.3 Highest Level of Education – Question 3 ………………………………………………… 38 3.4 Amount of Time Serving Churches – Question 4 ………………………………………… 39 3.5 Positions of the Participants – Question 5 ………………………………………………… 40 3.6 The Most Important Issues of the Church in Korea – Question 6 ………………………… 41 3.7