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© Амурский Зоологический Журнал V(1), 2013. 16-20 © Amurian © Амурский зоологический журнал V(1), 2013. 16-20 Accepted: 25.09. 2012 УДК 595.725 © Amurian zoological journal V(1), 2013. 16-20 Published: 29.03. 2013 О ФАУНЕ БОГОМОЛОВ (INSECTA: MANTODEA) КУЛУНДИНСКОЙ СТЕПИ Е. О. Щербаков1, Р. В. Яковлев2, С. В. Титов3 [Shcherbakov E.O.1, Yakovlev R.V.2, Titov S.V.3 Notes on the fauna of praying mantids (Mantodea) of the Kulunda steppe] 1 Московский Государственный Университет им. М. В. Ломоносова, Ленинские горы, Москва, 119899, Россия. E-mail: [email protected] 1 M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119899, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2Алтайский государственный университет (Южно-Сибирский ботанический сад), пр. Ленина, 61, 656049, г. Бар- наул, Россия. E-mail: [email protected] 2Altai State University (South Siberian Botanical Garden), pr. Lenina, 63, Barnaul, 656049, Russia. E-mail: cossus_ [email protected] 3 Павлодарский государственный университет им. С. Торайгырова, ул. Ломова, 64, Павлодар, 140008, Казахстан. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Pavlodar State University named after S. Toraigyrov, Lomova st., 64, KZ-140008, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan. E-mail: [email protected] Ключевые слова: богомолы, Mantodea, фауна, Кулундинская равнина, Алтайский край, Новосибирская область, Павлодарская область Key words: praying mantids, Mantodea, fauna, Kulunda plain, Altai Krai, Novosibirsk Oblast, Pavlodar Province Резюме. По результатам сборов в Алтайском крае Российской Федерации и Павлодарской области Республики Казахстан, а также анализа литературных данных установлено обитание на территории Кулундинской степи 2 видов богомоловых (Mantodea) – Mantis religiosa (Linnaeus, 1758) и Iris polystictica (Fischer-Waldheim, 1846). Дан краткий обзор морфологии, экологии и распространения этих видов. Summary. 2 species of the praying mantids (Mantodea) – Mantis religiosa (Linnaeus, 1758) and Iris polystictica (Fischer- Waldheim, 1846) are reported from the Kulunda steppe by the collections from Altai Krai of Russian Federation and Pavlodar Province of the Republic of Kazakhstan, supported by published data. Short review of morphology, ecology and distribution of these species is given. ВВЕДЕНИЕ шении. Ниже приводятся сведения о двух видах, достоверно обитающих на территории Кулундин- Кулундинская степь – регион на юге Западно- ской степи. Сибирской равнины (Новосибирская область и Алтайский край Российской Федерации, Павло- МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ дарская область Республики Казахстан), в меж- Богомолы привлекались на свет ртутных ламп, дуречье Иртыша и Оби. Площадь ее около 100 также применялся ручной сбор в дневное и ноч- 2 тыс. км , высота от 100 до 250 м. Характеризуется ное время. Собранные экземпляры замаривались чередованием грив и понижений, занятых реками парами этилацетата. Изученный материал хранит- и бессточными озерами. Растительность – различ- ся в коллекциях Е. Щербакова (Москва) и С. Тито- ные типы степей: злаковые, полынно-злаковые, ва (Павлодар). большей частью распаханные. На склонах грив При приведении промеров тела в скобках ука- ленточные боры. зываются значения для экземпляров, собранных Фауна России включает в себя 9 видов богомо- на территории Кулундинской степи. ловых [Бей-Биенко, 1964; Стороженко, 1981; Сто- Отряд Mantodea ляров, 2009]. Из них для современной территории Семейство Tarachodidae Алтайского края приводились находки Mantis religiosa (Linnaeus, 1758) и Iris oratoria (Linnaeus, Iris polystictica polystictica (Fischer-Waldheim, 1846) 1758) в 1926–1928 гг. [Wnukowsky, 1926; Bey- (цвет. таб. I: 1-3) Bienko, 1929], однако в последующие 80 лет но- Mantis polystictica Fischer-Waldheim, 1846 вых сообщений оттуда не поступало. В Ново- Iris oratoria – Wnukowsky, 1926 (nec I. oratoria L.) сибирской области M. religiosa и Iris polystictica Iris oratoria – Bey-Bienko, 1929 (nec I. oratoria L.) (Fischer-Waldheim, 1846) были обнаружены уже Материал: 27♂, 1♀, Россия, Алтайский край, в последние десятилетия XX в. [Сергеев, 2000]. Михайловский р-н, 5 км ЮЗЗ Михайловского, N Фауна богомолов Казахстана изучена плохо как в 51º42’ E 79º40’, сухая ковыльно-типчаковая степь, таксономическом, так и в фаунистическом отно- 20-21.07.2012, на свет, leg. Р. Яковлев, Ю. Перу- 16 нов, П. Устюжанин; 2♂, Казахстан, Павлодарская [Wnukowsky, 1926] – ныне это с. Бауртал Павло- область, Шалдай, N 51º55’ E 78º44’, 25.07.2012, на дарской области. В действительности, оба указа- свет, leg. С. Титов. ния относятся к I. polystictica. Ареалы этих видов Богомол средних размеров, длина тела 28-48 практически не пересекаются, однако до второй мм (♂ 28-32 мм, ♀ 33 мм). Передние тазики из- половины XX века I. polystictica считался синони- нутри с мелкими светлыми бугорками, иногда мом или, реже, подвидом I. oratoria, пока А. Каль- малозаметными, по переднему краю с рядом не- тенбах [Kaltenbach, 1963] не доказал его само- больших шипов. Передние бедра с 5 шипами по стоятельность. В первом томе «Определителя на- внешнему краю, между которыми ряд маленьких секомых европейской части» [Бей-Биенко, 1964] бугорков. Надкрылья и крылья у самца вполне подобные ошибочные указания были упомянуты развиты, у самки укорочены, доходят только до (I. oratoria: “все или часть прежних указаний середины IV тергита брюшка. Анальная пластин- СССР относятся к следующему виду”), а в каче- ка трапециевидная, округлая на вершине, ее мак- стве области распространения I. polystictica были симальная ширина самое большее в 1.7 раза боль- указаны “Крым, юго-вост., южн. Сибирь, Казах- ше длины. Окраска зеленоватая либо бурая. Над- стан, Ср. Азия, Закавказье”. С.Ю. Стороженко и крылья полупрозрачные, крылья ярко окрашены: Т.И. Пушкар [Storozhenko, Pushkar, 2012] отме- охряные по переднему краю, с черными точками, тили указание из Алтайского края 1929 года как зеленоватые в вершине, в центре анального поля ошибочное, основываясь на предположении, что с черно-фиолетовым пятном с расходящимися от упомянутая этикетка указывает на окрестности него концентрическими черными полосами. Славгорода Михайловской волости Павлоград- У единственной имеющейся в сборах самки, в ского уезда Екатеринославской губернии. Однако, противоположность типичной форме, передний по всей видимости, этикетку следует трактовать край заднего крыла не охряный, а желтоватый. именно как “[село] Михайловское, южная часть Неясно, была ли такая деталь окраски при жизни Славгородского округа”. Путаницу внесло то об- или возникла вследствие действия замаривающе- стоятельство, что данные населенные пункты по- го агента. На основании окраски внутренних ши- лучили свои названия от основавших их в XIX в. пов передних бедер этой самки собранные экзем- переселенцев из Славгорода Екатеринославской пляры могут быть отнесены к подвиду mongolica губернии. Село Михайловское Алтайского края, Sjöstedt, 1933, однако правомерность выделения из которого происходят современные сборы, дей- этого подвида неясна. Он был описан по двум сам- ствительно входило в 1926 г. в состав Славгород- кам из Внутренней Монголии, у которых внутрен- ского уезда и расположено южнее г. Славгорода, ние шипы передних бедер имели бледную окра- в соответствии с этикеткой Б.И. Кравцева, в про- ску, за исключением черной вершины, в то время тивоположность Михайловскому Павлодарского как у самок номинативного подвида эти шипы уезда, которое расположено восточнее ближай- якобы целиком черные, часто также с черным шего к нему поселения с названием «Славгород». пятнышком в основании [Sjöstedt, 1933]. Однако Наконец, район исследований фитопатолога Б.И. в действительности у экземпляров самок, собран- Кравцева, собравшего материал, в эти годы был ных в европейской части России, этот признак до- ограничен Южной Сибирью. Эти соображения вольно изменчив, и окраска шипов варьируется от позволяют поставить вопрос о реальном обита- темно-коричневой до почти одноцветной с окра- нии в окрестностях Михайловского прямокры- ской передних бедер. У самцов же, в том числе лых, собранных при тех же обстоятельствах, а и кулундинских, цвет внутренних шипов зависит именно Conocephalus discolor (Thunberg, 1815), от общей окраски тела: у бурых экземпляров они Modicogryllus frontalis (Fieber, 1844) и Oedipoda целиком темные, у зеленых – бледно-зеленые с caerulescens (Linnaeus, 1758), указания на кото- темной вершиной. Нельзя забывать и о том, что рых [Storozhenko, Pushkar, 2012] также сочтены номинативный подвид был описан из Даурии, что ошибочными. Между тем присутствие всех трех географически относительно близко к типовому видов в Кулундинской степи можно считать уста- местонахождению mongolica. новленным: так, M. frontalis указан из окрестно- В 1929 г. Г.Я. Бей-Биенко [Bey-Bienko, 1929] стей Рубцовска [Сергеев, 1985], O. caerulescens указал для Алтайского края I. oratoria, осно- широко распространен в регионе вплоть до вываясь на материале, собранном Б.И. Кравце- окрестностей Новосибирска и Барнаула [Сергеев, вым в 1926 г. с этикеткой “Doft Michailowskoe, 1990], а C. discolor приводился для Кулундинской südlicher Teil des Beziriks Slawgorod”, с примеча- степи М.Г. Сергеевым и О.С. Корчагиной [2009]. нием, что ранее для Славгородского уезда («кор- Оригинальный материал, использованный в пу- дон Бауртал») этот вид приводил В. Внуковский бликации Г.Я. Бей-Биенко, к настоящему моменту 17 утерян [С.Ю. Стороженко, личн. сообщ.]. 50 мм, ♀ 52-58 мм). Передние тазики изнутри с Для Новосибирской области в литературе при- овальным черным пятном у основания, иногда с ведены единичные находки I. polystictica в окрест- белым глазком в центре. Передние бедра неред- ностях с. Троицкое Карасукского р-на [Сергеев, ко с желтым пятнышком на
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