Winter Sports Safety

Alpine, Nordic & Telemark Skiing, Snowboarding, Snowshoeing, Ice skating, Ice fishing, Ice climbing, Sledding, Tobogganing, Winter Hiking, Camping & Backpacking, Snowmobiling

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Plan Ahead & Prepare Site Pre-check Avoid closed areas

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Use “The Buddy System”

Let others know where you are going and when you expect to return

Know how to contact emergency support Urban & Suburban - 911 Back-country - local Search & Rescue NJSAR 24-Hour Emergency Dispatch 201-646-2705 Commercial ski area – Ski Patrol

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Ultraviolet Rays

Although sun burn is commonly associated with summer, the risk of severe sunburn is very real on a sunny winter day. Cover exposed skin and apply sun tan lotion Use protective eye gear, goggles or sun glasses, that protect against ultra violet rays.

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Drink Plenty of Fluids

Replenish Electrolytes

Avoid caffeine and alcohol !!!

Dehydration can lead to: Hypothermia The human body Frost Bite is Heat Stroke 70 percent water Shock

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Dress in layers, avoid tight fitting clothing Base layer Moisture wicking inner layer Sock and glove liners Mid layers Shirt, pants, sweater or fleece Outer layer - Wind and weather “water” proof shell Jacket A person looses Bibs or pants 7 percent to 10 percent Hat & Gloves of their body heat through their head Insulated Boots

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Manage Accidental Heat Loss

Time Management Sunset Dec. 1 is 4:36 pm Stay on the trail - Half time gone turn around Place a protective layer between you, or a casualty, and the ground (Conduction) Remove and put on layers as needed Avoid over exertion – sweating & exhaustion Change out of wet clothing

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Wind Sweat Chill

Indirect Direct Contact Contact

https://www.scouting.org/health-and-safety/safety- moments/hypothermia/#

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Wind Chill Factor

http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/wxwise/class/windchil.html#:~:text=The%20wind% 2Dchill%20accounts%20for,would%20produce%20equivalent%20heat%20losses.

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Bears

Bears are not true hibernators Deep sleep - torpor Never run – Predator Prey Reflex

Hang bear bags Food, juice bottles, toiletries 200 to 300 ft down wind of campsite 12 ft off ground 6 ft from trunk of a tree https://blog.scoutingmagazine.org/2017/11/28/dont-leave-bear- baghomewinter/#:~:text=Hoist%20the%20sack%20up%20so,the%20ro pe%20to%20the%20tree.

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Backcountry Gear

Water and high energy snacks A watch Map & compass First-aid Kit Survival Kit Gear Repair Kit Crampons & Poles Cell or satellite phone Photo by D Trontell June 2019 Rocky Mt Nat’l Park

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Ice Safety

• Never go on ice that is less than 4 inches thick. • Only go on clear, thick ice. Cloudy ice is unsafe. • Carry ice picks or claws and know how to rescue yourself or someone else. • Have an emergency plan and carry a rope, first-aid kit, extra clothes, and blankets for emergencies. https://www.scouting.org/health-and-safety/alerts/120203-2/

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Skiing & Snowboarding

Always Ski and Snowboard in Control Which results in more trauma speed or mass? Know the International Trail Marking System

Safety Gear Helmet (Required) Eye protection Run away device

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Safe Scouting Winter Sports https://www.scouting.org/health-and-safety/safety-moments/winter- sports/

Winter Activities & Winter Sports Safety https://www.scouting.org/health-and-safety/gss/gss12/

Training First aid CPR Wilderness First Aid Northern Tier Cold Weather Leader Training https://www.ntier.org/winter-adventures/winter-individual-programs/

12/4/2020 14 “Be Prepared” √√√ the forecast Dress for the weather √√√ equipment before heading out Pack fluids & snacks Take first aid, survival, repair kits Manage time Stay Safe Have fun!

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Back-country Stretcher Challenge

Secure each turn with a clove hitch Insert into a sleeping bag

Cut holes

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