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August-2005-Inoculum.Pdf Supplement to Mycologia Vol. 56(4) August 2005 Newsletter of the Mycological Society of America — In This Issue — Fungal Cell Biology: Centerpiece for a New Department of Microbiology in Mexico Fungal Cell Biology: Centerpiece for a New Department By Meritxell Riquelme of Microbiology in Mexico . 1 With a strong emphasis on Fungal Cell Biology, a new De- Cordyceps Diversity partment of Microbiology was created at the Center for Scien- in Korea . 3 tific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada (CICESE) lo- MSA Business . 5 cated in Ensenada, a small city in the northwest of Baja Abstracts . 6 California, Mexico, 60 miles south of the Mexico-US border. Mycological News . 68 Founded in 1973, CICESE is one of the most prestigious re- search centers in the country conducting basic and applied re- Mycologist’s Bookshelf . 71 search and training both national and international graduate stu- Mycological Classifieds . 74 dents in the areas of Earth Science, Applied Physics and Mycology On-Line . 75 Oceanology. Just 2 years ago a new Experimental and Applied Calender of Events . 76 Biology Division was created under the direction of Salomon Sustaining Members . 78 Bartnicki-Garcia, who retired after 38 years as faculty member of the Department of Plant Pathology at the University of Cali- — Important Dates — fornia, Riverside and decided to move south to his country of origin to create a Division in an area that was not developed at August 15 Deadline: CICESE. The Experimental and Applied Biology Division is Inoculum 56(5) July 23-28, 2005: Continued on following page International Union of Microbiology Societies (Bacteriology and Applied Microbiology, Mycology, and Virology) July 30-August 5, 2005: MSA-MSJ, Hilo, HI August 15-19, 2005: International Congress on the Systematics and Ecology of Myxomycetes V Editor — Richard E. Baird Entomology and Plant Pathology Dept. Box 9655 Mississippi State University Mississippi State, MS 39762 Telephone: (662) 325-9661 Fax: (662) 325-8955 Current members of the Department of Microbiology with the Email: [email protected] Ensenada bay in the background as seen from CICESE. Back row, left to right: Miriam Hernández (secretary of the DBEA) and researchers Ernestina Castro-Longoria, Rosa Mouriño- MSA Homepage: Pérez, Salomon Bartnicki-Garcia, and Meritxell Riquelme. http://msafungi.org Front row seated, left to right, students: Eddy Sánchez León- Hing, Raul C. Baptista, Cynthia Araujo Palomares, Ivan Galván and Alejandro Beltrán Aguilar. rhythm in Neurospora) and Meritxell Riquelme (The secretory pathway in filamentous fungi). A major aim of the Department is to promote In- ternational Research Cooperation. The proximity to the US makes it practical to establish close links with US researchers. We already have ongoing projects with colleagues of the University of California, Arizona State University, the University of Oregon and Massa- chusetts Institute of Technology. The Department has also established strong links with local institutions, such as the Autonomous University of Baja California (UABC) and the National Institute for Forest and Agri- cultural Research (INIFAP). We participate in under- graduate Mycology courses at the UABC. For further information and current openings Fungal foray in the Chichihuas forest (road from En- senada to Tijuana) with UABC Mycology students dur- please visit the websites www.cicese.mx and micro- ing raining season (It does rain from time to time in bio.cicese.mx/. Baja!). composed of 3 Departments (Microbiology, Marine Biotechnology and Conservation Biology). The Department of Microbiology gives an opportu- nity to young investigators to develop independent re- Immunolocalization of microtubules in a search projects under the unifying theme of Fungal Cell chemically fixed cell Biology. Although government funding for research in of Sclerotium rolfsii. (R. Mouriño-Pérez) Mexico is less generous than in other countries, the De- partment is equipped to conduct both molecular studies and cell biology projects (video-microscopy, confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy) and is scheduled to move into a new building this year. An initial core of 4 researchers composes the Department: Questions or comments should be sent to Salomon Bartnicki-Garcia (Mathematical and comput- Meritxell Riquelme Pérez, Departamento de er-assisted modeling of fungal growth), Rosa Mouriño- Microbiología, DBEA, CICESE, Km. 107 Car- Perez (The fungal microtubular cytoskeleton), Ernesti- retera Tijuana-Ensenada, 22860 Ensenada, na Castro-Longoria (Cellular basis of the circadian Baja Califo. Email: [email protected] ab Molecular tagging of proteins involved in hyphal growth and morphology with GFP. Laser scanning confocal micrographs of growing hyphae of N. crassa with a) a flu- orescent Spk; c) fluorescent plasma mem- brane. (M. Riquelme) 2 Inoculum 56(4), August 2005 Cordyceps Diversity in Korea By Jae-Mo Sung, Bhushan Shrestha, Sang-Kuk Han, Su-Young Kim, Young-Jin Park, Won-Ho Lee, Kwang-Yeol Jeong, Sung-Keun Choi Cordyceps is traditionally known as a highly me- dicinal mushroom in oriental society of Asia. It is quite diverse in its morphological characters, host range, nat- ural habitat, etc. Due to contrast climatic variation and its unique geographical position, Cordyceps diversity is rich in Korea. Research on Cordyceps of Korea during last 20 years has shown that some species are widely distributed, while others grow in specific locations. Maturation periods of stromata range from late spring to summer till early autumn every year. Most species show their host specificity, but few species grow in di- verse hosts. Microscopically, Cordyceps species differ in their spore shape, size, and their conidiation nature. There are about 300-400 Cordyceps species all over the world and are distributed universally (Kobayasi, 1982; Kobayasi and Shimizu, 1983; Sung, 1996). Fig. 1. C. militaris Species of Cordyceps (Clavicipitaceae, Hypocreales, Ascomycota) grow inside insect host bodies as endo- sclerotium during winter and produce stromata in sum- mer. Hosts of Cordyceps species include different stages of insect life cycle ranging from larva to adult of differ- ent insect orders, bee, wasp, cicadae, beetle, etc., except few which grow on hypogeous Elaphomyces species. Their scientific study and cultivation have been done in Korea for a long time. Every year, entomopathogenic fungal specimens including Cordyceps species are col- lected from different parts of Korea and are air-dried and preserved along with their isolates in Entomopathogenic Fungal Culture Collection (EFCC), Kangwon National University, Korea (Sung, 2004). The specimens are identified on the basis of their morphological characters. Fig. 2. C. bifusispora Continued on following page Fig. 3. C. gracilis Inoculum 56(4), August 2005 3 It is very interesting to observe ascospore morphol- ogy and their germination behavior of different Cordy- ceps species. Among the observed species, only few such as C. bifusispora and C. pruinosa produced fila- mentous ascospores with threads in the center, while the remaining produced filamentous ascospores with con- tinuous part-spores throughout the length. The germina- tion rate of C. bifusispora, C. militaris, C. pentatomi, C. pruinosa, C. scaraebaeicola, C. staphylinidaecola were found faster, while those of C. gracilis, C. heteropoda, C. longissima, C. nakazawai, C. ochraceostromata, C. ramosopulvinata, C. rosea, C. sphecocephala, C. yakushimensis were found shower. Microscopic figures of ascospores are shown in sides of each figure of dif- ferent Cordyceps species. C. militaris and C. pruinosa developed conidia on germinating hyphae soon, show- Fig. 4. C. longissima ing microcyclic conidiation character. Cordyceps iso- lates vary in their growth speed and cultural character- Cordyceps species are collected from different parts istics. Stromata of different Cordyceps species, such as of Korea every year from early May to late October. C. militaris, C. scarabaeicola, C. pruinosa have been Cordyceps C. militaris C. pru- species, such as (Fig. 1), successfully produced in brown rice medium. inosa C. sphecocephala and are frequently collected, References: Kobayasi, Y. 1941., Sci. Rept. Tokyo. C. bifusispora C gracilis C. het- while (Fig. 2), (Fig. 3), Bunrika, Daigaku Sect. B. 5:53-260; Kobayasi, Y. eropoda C. longissima C. nakazawai C. , (Fig. 4), , 1982. Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan. 23:329-364; Kobayasi, ochraceostromata C. pentatomi C. ramosopulvinata , , Y. and D. Shimizu. 1983. Hoikusha Publishing Compa- C. rosea C. scarabaeicola, C. staphylinidaeco- (Fig. 5), , ny Ltd. Osaka. 280 pp.; Sung, J.M. 1996. Kyo-Hak la C. yakushimensis and are moderate or rare in distri- Publishing Co. Ltd., Seoul. 299 pp.; Sung, J.M. 2004. bution. Ascospores are discharged from fresh specimens Inoculum 55(4):1-3. and observed for their morphology and germination by staining with cotton blue in Lactophenol. Ascospores are Questions or comments should be sent to inoculated in nutrient agar media in test-tubes and incu- Jae-Moe Sung, Entomopathogenic Fungal bated till profuse mycelium growth occurs. Original iso- Culture Collection (EFCC), Department of lates and their sub-cultures are preserved at 4C in Ento- Applied Biology, Kangwon National Univer- mopathogenic Fungal Culture Collection (EFCC), sity, Chuncheon 200-701, South Korea. Kangwon National University, South Korea. Specimens Email: [email protected]. are air-dried and preserved in herbarium boxes. Fig. 5. C. ramosopulvinata
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