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Economic Competition, Restructuring and Worker Dislocation. INSTITUTION Employment and Training Administration (DOL), Washington, D.C DOCUMENT RESUME ED 392 879 CE 070 813 AUTHOR Blalock, Ann Bonar, Ed. TITLE Economic Competition, Restructuring and Worker Dislocation. INSTITUTION Employment and Training Administration (DOL), Washington, D.C. PUB DATE 95 NOTE 166p. PUB TYPE Collected Works Serials (022) Reports Research/Technical (143) JOURNAL CIT Evaluation Forum; nli Sum 1995 EDRS PRICE MF01/PC07 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Adult Education; Agency Cooperation; *Competition; Coo.lerative Planning; Demonstration Programs; *Dislocated Workers; *Economic Change; Educational Needs; Education Work Relationship; Employment Level; Employment Patterns; Employment Qualifications; Foreign Countries; *Industrial Structure; International Programs; Job Training; *Labor Force Development; Labor Market; National Programs; National Surveys; Partnerships in Education; Performance Based Assessment; Program Evaluation; *Public Policy; Resource Materials; Retraining; School Business Relationship; Self Employment; Standards; State Programs; Structural Unemployment; Training; Trend Analysis IDENTIFIERS Defense Expenditures; Defense Workers; European Community; Perestroika; USSR ABSTRACT In thie issue various concepts of economic change are examined. Part I looks at economic change as a context for focusing on workforce issues. Parts II and III discuss what isbeing done to address this contemporary problem. This issue contains the following papers: "Presidential Perspectives on Economic Change and Restructuring: An Interpretation"; "Understanding and Adjusting to Economic Change"; "Challenge in Restructuring: Efficiency vs. Equity"; "Understanding the Context of Dislocation"; "Worker Dislocation: A Review Article" (Ernst W. Stromsdorfer); "Evaluating Dislocated Worker Programs: U.S. Department of Labor Studies in the 1990s"; "Ot:her National-Level Studies in the 1980s and Early 1990s Relevant to Dislocation"; "Self-Employment as an Employment Strategy-- for Dislocated Workers"; "Defense Downsizing: Some Implications"; "Studying Defense Conversion in Affected Communities"; "Programs To Ease the Adjustment to Defense Cutbacks"; "Findings from the Defense Conversion Adjustment Demonstration Project" (Mary G. Visher, Deborah Kogan); "A Commentary by Secretary of Labor, Robert B. Reich"; "An Interview with Salvdtore Zecchini"; "An Interview with Gary K. Jackson and John E. Dryer"; "Economic Reform in the European Union"; "The OECD's (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) Employment Study"; "The Persistence of Unemployment in the Postindustrial Era"; "Labor issues in European Consolidation"; "The Political Economy of Borrowing'"; "A Selective Overview of Soviet Reform Policies"; "Gorbachev's Perestroika"; "The USSR in the Transition Period"; "Some Thinking about E&T (Employment and Training) Coordination at the National Level"; "Measuring Performance in Prograns and Coordinated'Systems"; "More about Performance Management"; "Using Performance Standards in Establishing Workforce System Accountability"; "Performance Management Systems: Evaluation Principles and Standards"; "A Brief, Selected History of Coordination Efforts"; "Establishing Comprehensive Workforce Development Systems: State-Level Efforts in the 19908"; "Contemporary Coordination Efforts: The Core Data Elements Project"; "Comprehensive State Workforce Development Systems"; "The National Governors Association's Performance Management Project"; "References on Economic Change, Restructuring and Working Dislocation" (contains 314 references); and "Federal Research: An Update." (MN) - Evaluation Forum Economic Competition, Restructuring and Worker Dislocation U.S. Department of Labor EmplOyillent and Training Administration Issue 11, Summer 1995 0 0 U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office 1 Educahonai Research anc Improvement EDUC TIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATIOtt CENTER (ERIC) his document has been reproduced as recelvsd from the person or organization originating It 13 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality 0Points of view or opinions staled in this document do not necessarily reprosent official OERI position Of p011Oy. BEST COPY AVAILABLE - Material contained in this publica- Evaluation Forum is a national jour- Editor and Reviewer tion is in the public domain and may nal for program professionals in re- Ann Boner Blalock be reproduced, fully or partiallly, lated human service fields: basic Admiralty Inlet Consulting without permission of the Federal education, vocational education, Hansville, Washington Government. Source credit is re- employment and training, welfare, Guest Reviewers quired only to reproduce any copy- labor market and labor force Ernst W. Stromsdorfer righted material contained herein. change, and economic develop- Department of Economics ment. The purpose of the journal is Washington State University This material will be made available to stimulate interest in policy analy- Pullman, Washington sis, policy research and program to sensory impaired individuals Kay Thode evaluation as useful tools for upon request. Welfare Consultant Voice phone: 202-219-5782 policymaking, planning and the im- Seattle, Washington TDD* phone: 1-800-328-2577 provement of social programs. It is understood that the ideas and opin- Technical Services Kathleen Shankman *Telecommunications Device for the ions expressed in the content of the Center for Governmental Studies Deaf. journal are those of the respective writers and do not necessarily rep- Northern Illinois University resent those of the funder or those DeKalb, Illinois of the contributing public interest organizations. Sponsor and Funder Office of Policy and Research Employment and Training Administration U.S. Department of Labor Contributors to Journal Distribution National Governors' Association Washington, D.C. National Aosociation of Counties Washington, D.C. National Alliance of Business Washington, D.C. ; ; vagua ion oru Economic Competition, Restructuring and Worker Dislocation Issue 11, Summer 1995 U.S. Department of Labor Robert B. Reich, Secretary Employment and Training Administration Tim Barnicle, Assistant Secretary Office of Policy and Research Gerard F. Fiala, Administrator A review journal for employment and training professionals focusing on policy analysis and evaluation research in occupational training, education, work and welfare, and economic development. r: 4 Table of Contents Economic Change and Displacement Features 2 Presidential Perspectives on Economic Change and Restructuring: An Interpretation President Clinton's view of economic change and related issues, based on an anthology of his speeches. 7 Understanding and Adjusting to Economic Change A review of The Urban Institute's Rethinking Employment Policy. 11 A Challenge in Restructuring: Efficiency Vs, Equity A review of two informative books on economic and employment policy in the 1990s published by The Brookings Institution. 15 Understanding the Context of Dislocation A brief overview of four major books on technological change, economic restructuring and employment. 16 Worker Dislocation: A Review Article A guest review of three W.E. Upjohn Institute books on worker displacement, by labor economist Ernst W. Stromsdorfer. National Studies of Dislocated Worker Programs 21 Evaluating Dislocated Worker Programs: U.S. Department of Labor Studies in the 1990's A summary and commentary on U.S. Department of Labor process and net impact studies of programs designed to assist dislocated workers. 29 Other National-Level Studies in the 1980s and Early 1990s Relevant to ,Dislocation A review of analyses and evaluations of efforts to retrain and reemploy dislocated workers, conducted by the U.S. General Accounting Office, the Office of Technology Assessment, the Congressional Budget Office, and other sources. 33 Self-Employment As An Employment Strategy for Dislocated Workers A discussion of self-employment programs in the U.S. and Europe, and a review of evaluations of the major U.S. self-employment projects. Defense Conversion and Dislocation 37 Defense Downsizing: Some Implications Contextual information about defense conversion, and a brief review of several Office of Technology Assessment rep rts on conversion issues. 40Studying Defense Conversion in Affected Communities A summary and analysis of a major study of defense adjustment and conversion, sponsored jointly by the U.S. Departments of Commerce and Defense. 43 Programs to Ease the Adjustment to Defense Cutbacks An overview and discussion of the plethora of assistance programs for workers and communities impacted by defense downsizing. 41.0011111111M13Mir Evaluation Forum, Issue 11 Summer 1995 1ii 5 46 Findings from the Defense Conversion AdjustmentDemonstration Project A guest review ofe U.S. Department of Labor's evaluation ofthe demonstration, by Mary G. Visher, d-tor of the evaluation, and Deborah Kogan, its co-principal investigator. Commentary 53 A Commentary by Secretary of Labor, Robert B. Reich A commentary on the status of the Americaneconomy, on employment and dislocation, and on income inequality, with implications for poacy. Interviews 57 An Interview With Salvatore Zecchini An interview with internationally-respected econc_nist, Salvatore Zecchini, Assistant Secretary-General of the Organizstion for Economic Cooperation and Development in Paris, on economic restructuring in Central andEastern Europe and its policy implications. 62 An Interview With John Dryer of The Boeing Company,and Gary Jackson off the International Association of Machinists andAerospace Workers An interview with the prime
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