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The Satrap of Western Anatolia and the Greeks
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2017 The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks Eyal Meyer University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons Recommended Citation Meyer, Eyal, "The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks" (2017). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 2473. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2473 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2473 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks Abstract This dissertation explores the extent to which Persian policies in the western satrapies originated from the provincial capitals in the Anatolian periphery rather than from the royal centers in the Persian heartland in the fifth ec ntury BC. I begin by establishing that the Persian administrative apparatus was a product of a grand reform initiated by Darius I, which was aimed at producing a more uniform and centralized administrative infrastructure. In the following chapter I show that the provincial administration was embedded with chancellors, scribes, secretaries and military personnel of royal status and that the satrapies were periodically inspected by the Persian King or his loyal agents, which allowed to central authorities to monitory the provinces. In chapter three I delineate the extent of satrapal authority, responsibility and resources, and conclude that the satraps were supplied with considerable resources which enabled to fulfill the duties of their office. After the power dynamic between the Great Persian King and his provincial governors and the nature of the office of satrap has been analyzed, I begin a diachronic scrutiny of Greco-Persian interactions in the fifth century BC. -
Archaeology and History of Lydia from the Early Lydian Period to Late Antiquity (8Th Century B.C.-6Th Century A.D.)
Dokuz Eylül University – DEU The Research Center for the Archaeology of Western Anatolia – EKVAM Colloquia Anatolica et Aegaea Congressus internationales Smyrnenses IX Archaeology and history of Lydia from the early Lydian period to late antiquity (8th century B.C.-6th century A.D.). An international symposium May 17-18, 2017 / Izmir, Turkey ABSTRACTS Edited by Ergün Laflı Gülseren Kan Şahin Last Update: 21/04/2017. Izmir, May 2017 Websites: https://independent.academia.edu/TheLydiaSymposium https://www.researchgate.net/profile/The_Lydia_Symposium 1 This symposium has been dedicated to Roberto Gusmani (1935-2009) and Peter Herrmann (1927-2002) due to their pioneering works on the archaeology and history of ancient Lydia. Fig. 1: Map of Lydia and neighbouring areas in western Asia Minor (S. Patacı, 2017). 2 Table of contents Ergün Laflı, An introduction to Lydian studies: Editorial remarks to the abstract booklet of the Lydia Symposium....................................................................................................................................................8-9. Nihal Akıllı, Protohistorical excavations at Hastane Höyük in Akhisar………………………………10. Sedat Akkurnaz, New examples of Archaic architectural terracottas from Lydia………………………..11. Gülseren Alkış Yazıcı, Some remarks on the ancient religions of Lydia……………………………….12. Elif Alten, Revolt of Achaeus against Antiochus III the Great and the siege of Sardis, based on classical textual, epigraphic and numismatic evidence………………………………………………………………....13. Gaetano Arena, Heleis: A chief doctor in Roman Lydia…….……………………………………....14. Ilias N. Arnaoutoglou, Κοινὸν, συμβίωσις: Associations in Hellenistic and Roman Lydia……….……..15. Eirini Artemi, The role of Ephesus in the late antiquity from the period of Diocletian to A.D. 449, the “Robber Synod”.……………………………………………………………………….………...16. Natalia S. Astashova, Anatolian pottery from Panticapaeum…………………………………….17-18. Ayşegül Aykurt, Minoan presence in western Anatolia……………………………………………...19. -
Ptolemaic Foundations in Asia Minor and the Aegean As the Lagids’ Political Tool
ELECTRUM * Vol. 20 (2013): 57–76 doi: 10.4467/20800909EL.13.004.1433 PTOLEMAIC FOUNDATIONS IN ASIA MINOR AND THE AEGEAN AS THE LAGIDS’ POLITICAL TOOL Tomasz Grabowski Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków Abstract: The Ptolemaic colonisation in Asia Minor and the Aegean region was a signifi cant tool which served the politics of the dynasty that actively participated in the fi ght for hegemony over the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea basin. In order to specify the role which the settlements founded by the Lagids played in their politics, it is of considerable importance to establish as precise dating of the foundations as possible. It seems legitimate to acknowledge that Ptolemy II possessed a well-thought-out plan, which, apart from the purely strategic aspects of founding new settlements, was also heavily charged with the propaganda issues which were connected with the cult of Arsinoe II. Key words: Ptolemies, foundations, Asia Minor, Aegean. Settlement of new cities was a signifi cant tool used by the Hellenistic kings to achieve various goals: political and economic. The process of colonisation was begun by Alex- ander the Great, who settled several cities which were named Alexandrias after him. The process was successfully continued by the diadochs, and subsequently by the follow- ing rulers of the monarchies which emerged after the demise of Alexander’s state. The new settlements were established not only by the representatives of the most powerful dynasties: the Seleucids, the Ptolemies and the Antigonids, but also by the rulers of the smaller states. The kings of Pergamum of the Attalid dynasty were considerably active in this fi eld, but the rulers of Bithynia, Pontus and Cappadocia were also successful in this process.1 Very few regions of the time remained beyond the colonisation activity of the Hellenistic kings. -
Remembering Sappho”
HELLENIC LINK–MIDWEST Newsletter A CULTURAL AND SCIENTIFIC LINK WITH GREECE No. 113 December 2020–January 2021 EDITORS: Constantine Tzanos, S. Sakellarides http://www.helleniclinkmidwest.org P.O. Box 3, Park Ridge, IL 60068-0003 Upcoming Events lecture titled “Remembering Sappho”. Because of the pandemic, this lecture will be delivered online. Information POSTPONED *** Chicago Greeks at the Turn of on how to join the lecture will be provided separately by the 20th Century *** POSTPONED email and regular mail. On Sunday December 13, 2020, at 3:00 pm, Hellenic Link– Midwest presents Dr. Michael Davros in an online lecture According to one ancient account, Solon, the Athenian poet titled "Chicago Greeks at the Turn of the 20th Century”. and politician credited as the “Father of Democracy,” asked Because of the pandemic, this lecture will be delivered his nephew to teach him a song by Sappho. When someone online. The Zoom link for this webinar is asked Solon why he made this request, he responded “So, https://us02web.zoom.us/j/84783181970, and the webinar once I learn it, I may die.” ID is: 847 8318 1970. Sappho, a lyric poet from the island of Lesbos about 600 Dr. Davros will present archival research on Greeks from BCE, composed poems to and about women that won the their early arrival in the city of Chicago. Greeks played a admiration of contemporary and future poets, historians, significant role in rebuilding the city after the Chicago Fire, philosophers, and artists. This talk places Sappho in her yet confronted many of the same acculturation difficulties time, surveys noteworthy individuals and media influenced faced by all immigrants at the turn of the 20th century. -
The Persian Wars: Ionian Revolt the Ionian Revolt, Which Began in 499
The Persian Wars: Ionian Revolt The Ionian Revolt, which began in 499 B.C. marked the beginning of the Greek-Persian wars. In 546 B.C. the Persians had conquered the wealthy Greek settlements in Ionia (Asia Minor). The Persians took the Ionians’ farmland and harbors. They forced the Ionians to pay tributes (the regular payments of goods). The Ionians also had to serve in the Persian army. The Ionians knew they could not defeat the Persians by themselves, so they asked mainland Greece for help. Athens sent soldiers and a small fleet of ships. Unfortunately for the Ionians, the Athenians went home after their initial success, leaving the small Ionian army to fight alone. In 493 B.C. the Persian army defeated the Ionians. To punish the Ionians for rebelling, the Persians destroyed the city of Miletus. They may have sold some of tis people into slavery. The Persian Wars: Battle of Marathon After the Ionian Revolt, the Persian King Darius decided to conquer the city-states of mainland Greece. He sent messengers to ask for presents of Greek earth and water as a sign that the Greeks agreed to accept Persian rule. But the Greeks refused. Darius was furious. In 490 B.C., he sent a large army of foot soldiers and cavalry (mounted soldiers) across the Aegean Sea by boat to Greece. The army assembled on the pain of Marathon. A general named Miltiades (Mill-te-ah-deez) convinced the other Greek commanders to fight the Persians at Marathon. In need of help, the Athenians sent a runner named Pheidippides (Fa-dip-e-deez) to Sparta who ran for two days and two nights. -
Politics and Policy in Corinth 421-336 B.C. Dissertation
POLITICS AND POLICY IN CORINTH 421-336 B.C. DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University by DONALD KAGAN, B.A., A.M. The Ohio State University 1958 Approved by: Adviser Department of History TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FOREWORD ................................................. 1 CHAPTER I THE LEGACY OF ARCHAIC C O R I N T H ....................7 II CORINTHIAN DIPLOMACY AFTER THE PEACE OF NICIAS . 31 III THE DECLINE OF CORINTHIAN P O W E R .................58 IV REVOLUTION AND UNION WITH ARGOS , ................ 78 V ARISTOCRACY, TYRANNY AND THE END OF CORINTHIAN INDEPENDENCE ............... 100 APPENDIXES .............................................. 135 INDEX OF PERSONAL N A M E S ................................. 143 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................... 145 AUTOBIOGRAPHY ........................................... 149 11 FOREWORD When one considers the important role played by Corinth in Greek affairs from the earliest times to the end of Greek freedom it is remarkable to note the paucity of monographic literature on this key city. This is particular ly true for the classical period wnere the sources are few and scattered. For the archaic period the situation has been somewhat better. One of the first attempts toward the study of Corinthian 1 history was made in 1876 by Ernst Curtius. This brief art icle had no pretensions to a thorough investigation of the subject, merely suggesting lines of inquiry and stressing the importance of numisihatic evidence. A contribution of 2 similar score was undertaken by Erich Wilisch in a brief discussion suggesting some of the problems and possible solutions. This was followed by a second brief discussion 3 by the same author. -
Ancient Greece Timeline
Timeline of Ancient Greece As we go through the notes, fill in the important events for each date on your timeline. 20 points- TEST GRADE! 776 BC Discus Throw Crown of (painted on Olive pottery) Leaves The year of the 1st Olympic games 776 BCE • The games were held every 4 years in Olympia, in honor of the god Zeus. • Some of the sports included wrestling, jumping, javelin and chariot racing. • A crown of olive branches was awarded to the winner. 650 BCE Statue of Chest of Kypselos (or Periander Cypselus) The 'city-state' Corinth was taken over by Kypselos and he made himself the ruler. 650 BCE • Kypselos (or Cypselus) was a tyrant, or an absolute ruler who governs without restrictions. • When Kypselos died, his son Periander took over the role of tyrant. 508 BCE Democracy began in Athens. 508 BCE • We still use this term today meaning 'ruled by the people'. • Male citizens were given the chance to vote in order to decide how the city-state should be run. • This is often said to be one of the Ancient Greek’s greatest ideas. 500 BCE The Painting on Parthenon in Greek pottery 2008 The start of the 'Classical Period' in Greece. 500 BCE • At this time there was a lot of interest in arts, imagination and buildings - especially in the city-state Athens. • This period continued until 323BC. 490 BCE Painting of the Battle of Marathon The Greeks defeated Persian invaders at the battles of Marathon (490BCE) and Salamis (480BCE). • The Persian empire was led by a powerful king, Darius, and controlled most of the Middle East. -
EVIDENCE for INFLUENTIAL WOMEN REPRESENTED on INSCRIBED BASES and SCULPTURE on KOS a Thesis Presented
MONEY, POWER, AND GENDER: EVIDENCE FOR INFLUENTIAL WOMEN REPRESENTED ON INSCRIBED BASES AND SCULPTURE ON KOS A Thesis presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School at the University of Missouri-Columbia In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts by NAOMI RUTH KALOUDIS Dr. Susan Langdon, Thesis Supervisor May 2007 © Copyright by Naomi Kaloudis 2007 All Rights Reserved The undersigned, appointed by the dean of the Graduate School, have examined the thesis entitled MONEY, POWER, AND GENDER: EVIDENCE FOR INFLUENTIAL WOMEN REPRESENTED ON INSCRIBED BASES AND SCULPTURE ON KOS presented by Naomi Kaloudis, a candidate for the degree of Master of Arts, and hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Professor Susan Langdon Professor Kathleen Slane Professor James McGlew I would like to thank my mother, father, and brother for their support and willingness to listen to every word I had to say no matter how trivial for then, now, and the journey still to come.... In my couple years in graduate school I learned to appreciate Socrates’ statement the: ßn o‰da ˜ti oÈd°n o‰da. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank the professors in my thesis committee for all their help throughout this process. I would like to thank Professor Langdon for advising me over the past months. I would like to also thank Professor Slane for her knowledge and input on the Hellenistic period when I was stuck in my research. Finally, I want to thank Professor McGlew for his understanding while I was writing my thesis. -
Calendar of Roman Events
Introduction Steve Worboys and I began this calendar in 1980 or 1981 when we discovered that the exact dates of many events survive from Roman antiquity, the most famous being the ides of March murder of Caesar. Flipping through a few books on Roman history revealed a handful of dates, and we believed that to fill every day of the year would certainly be impossible. From 1981 until 1989 I kept the calendar, adding dates as I ran across them. In 1989 I typed the list into the computer and we began again to plunder books and journals for dates, this time recording sources. Since then I have worked and reworked the Calendar, revising old entries and adding many, many more. The Roman Calendar The calendar was reformed twice, once by Caesar in 46 BC and later by Augustus in 8 BC. Each of these reforms is described in A. K. Michels’ book The Calendar of the Roman Republic. In an ordinary pre-Julian year, the number of days in each month was as follows: 29 January 31 May 29 September 28 February 29 June 31 October 31 March 31 Quintilis (July) 29 November 29 April 29 Sextilis (August) 29 December. The Romans did not number the days of the months consecutively. They reckoned backwards from three fixed points: The kalends, the nones, and the ides. The kalends is the first day of the month. For months with 31 days the nones fall on the 7th and the ides the 15th. For other months the nones fall on the 5th and the ides on the 13th. -
'Temple States' of Pontus: Comana Pontica and Zela A
‘TEMPLE STATES’ OF PONTUS: COMANA PONTICA AND ZELA A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY EM İNE SÖKMEN IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN SETTLEMENT ARCHAEOLOGY APRIL 2005 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Sencer Ayata Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Prof. Numan Tuna Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Asist. Prof. Dr .Deniz Burcu Erciyas Supervisor Examining Committee Members (first name belongs to the chairperson of the jury and the second name belongs to supervisor) Prof. Dr. Suna Güven (METU,AH) Asist. Prof. Dr. Deniz Burcu Erciyas (METU, SA) Asist. Prof. Dr. Jan Krzysztof Bertram (METU, SA) I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name : Emine Sökmen Signature : iii ABSTRACT ‘TEMPLE STATES’ OF PONTUS: COMANA PONTICA AND ZELA Sökmen, Emine M.S., Department of Settlement Archaeology Supervisor : Asist. Prof. Dr. Deniz Burcu Erciyas April 2005, 68 pages Before the Roman rule in Asia Minor, under the Hellenistic kings, small communities lived independently within areas surrounding temples with local powers. -
Ancient Greece from Homer to Alexander: the Evidence / Joseph Roisman
Roisman Historical Sources in Translation Ancient Greece from Homer to Alexander Ancient Greece from Homer to Alexander to Homer from Greece Ancient “Students of ancient Greece will respond to this book as John Sheffield (1709) did to Homer: ‘you will hardly need another book.’ The new compilation of evidence merits the same praise for its range, aids, and the quality of its illustrations and commentaries.” Carol Thomas, University of Washington “This wide-ranging collection of passages from the ancient sources, judiciously selected and edited by Joseph Roisman, and freshly translated by John Yardley, provides students of Greek history with an essential corpus of evidence for the period from Homer to the Macedonian conquest of the East. Roisman and Yardley are richly deserving of our praise and gratitude.” Waldemar Heckel, University of Calgary “If you want a thorough and expert introduction to the evidence of ancient Greek history – in other words, to the building blocks of western civilization – read this book.” Barry Strauss, Cornell University Incorporating fresh, new translations of original Greek and Roman texts and drawing on a range of sources, including artistic evidence, this sourcebook provides an inclusive and integrated view of Greek history, from Homer to Alexander the Great. Linking the political, military, and social history of the Greeks to their intellectual accomplishments, Ancient Greece from Homer to Alexander offers a full and integrated perspective on the period. Rather than Historical Sources in Translation compartmentalizing Greek history and civilization into a number of thematic studies, the book focuses on important developments, placing them within their political, economic, cultural, and intellectual contexts, and examining both their influences and their effects. -
BIBLICAL TURKEY a GUIDE to the JEWISH and CHRISTIAN SITES of ASIA MINOR Mark Wilson Table of Contents Author's Introduction
BIBLICAL TURKEY A GUIDE TO THE JEWISH AND CHRISTIAN SITES OF ASIA MINOR Mark Wilson Table of Contents Author’s Introduction General Introduction Abbreviations Maps Turkey’s Seven Regions with Biblical Sites Jewish Communities in Asia Minor Paul’s Anatolian Journeys John’s Seven Churches of Asia Peter’s Communities Chapter 1: East Region (Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi) Natural Sites Mount Ararat (Ağrı Dağ) Euphrates River Tigris River Ancient Voice: The Gilgamesh Epic Ancient Regions Ararat, Urartu Togarmah Ancient Cities Tushpa Sidetrip: Urartian Fortresses and Ahtamar Church Chapter 2: Southeast Region (Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi) Natural Sites Mount Ararat (Cudi Dağ) Ancient Regions Aram-naharaim Eden Gozan Paddan–aram Ancient Cities Carchemish Modern Voice: Leonard Wooley Ancient Voice: Jeremiah and the Babylonian Chronicles Edessa/Ur? Ancient Voice: Eusebius and the Abgar Tradition In-Site: Abraham and Ur Haran (Harran) Sidetrip: Göbekli Tepe Nahor Tiphsah/Zeugma Ancient Voice: Apollonius of Tyana Sidetrip: Nemrut Dağı In-Site: Harmagedon (Armageddon) on the Euphrates Sidetrip: Tur Abdin Chapter 3: Mediterranean Region (Akdeniz Bölgesi) Ancient Regions Cilicia Lycia Muzur, Musru, Musri Pamphylia Pisidia Syria Ancient Cities Adana Alexandria ad Issum In-Site: The Churches in Syria and Cilicia Sidetrip: Plain of Issus Antioch on the Orontes In-Site: Peter and Antioch Ancient Voice: The Seleucus Inscription Sidetrip: Syria Attalia Daphne Mopsuestia Sidetrip: Hierapolis Castabala and Karatepe Myra Sidetrip: Andriace In-Site: Travel on the Mediterranean Sea Patara Ancient Voice: The Lycian League and America’s Founding Fathers Sidetrip: Xanthos and Letoon Perga In-Site: Paul’s Anatolian Journeys In-Site: Why Did John Mark Leave Paul and Barnabas? In-Site: The Route from Perga to Pisidian Antioch Phaselis Pisidian Antioch In-Site: New Testament Timeline in Asia Minor In-Site: Sergius Paulus Sidetrip: Apollonia Seleucia Pieria Sidetrip: The Monastery of Simeon Stylites the Younger Sidetrip: Cyprus In-Site: Mt.