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Snakeheadsnepal Pakistan − (Pisces,India Channidae) PACIFIC OCEAN a Biologicalmyanmar Synopsis Vietnam
Mongolia North Korea Afghan- China South Japan istan Korea Iran SnakeheadsNepal Pakistan − (Pisces,India Channidae) PACIFIC OCEAN A BiologicalMyanmar Synopsis Vietnam and Risk Assessment Philippines Thailand Malaysia INDIAN OCEAN Indonesia Indonesia U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1251 SNAKEHEADS (Pisces, Channidae)— A Biological Synopsis and Risk Assessment By Walter R. Courtenay, Jr., and James D. Williams U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1251 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GALE A. NORTON, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES G. GROAT, Director Use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. Copyrighted material reprinted with permission. 2004 For additional information write to: Walter R. Courtenay, Jr. Florida Integrated Science Center U.S. Geological Survey 7920 N.W. 71st Street Gainesville, Florida 32653 For additional copies please contact: U.S. Geological Survey Branch of Information Services Box 25286 Denver, Colorado 80225-0286 Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Walter R. Courtenay, Jr., and James D. Williams Snakeheads (Pisces, Channidae)—A Biological Synopsis and Risk Assessment / by Walter R. Courtenay, Jr., and James D. Williams p. cm. — (U.S. Geological Survey circular ; 1251) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN.0-607-93720 (alk. paper) 1. Snakeheads — Pisces, Channidae— Invasive Species 2. Biological Synopsis and Risk Assessment. Title. II. Series. QL653.N8D64 2004 597.8’09768’89—dc22 CONTENTS Abstract . 1 Introduction . 2 Literature Review and Background Information . 4 Taxonomy and Synonymy . -
The Irish Pollan, Coregonus Autumnalis: Options for Its Conservation
Journal of Fish Biology (2001) 59 (Supplement A), 339–355 doi:10.1006/jfbi.2001.1755, available online at http://www.idealibrary.com on The Irish pollan, Coregonus autumnalis: options for its conservation C. H*¶, D. G*, T. K. MC† R. R‡ *School of Environmental Studies, University of Ulster, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, U.K., †Zoology Department, National University of Ireland, Galway, Republic of Ireland and ‡Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Newforge Lane, Belfast, BT9 5PX, U.K. The ecology of four relict Irish populations of pollan (Coregonus autumnalis) is compared with that of the species elsewhere, and used to advocate conservation. The threats to these populations from introduced/invasive species, habitat degradation, climate warming and commercial exploitation are summarized and the legislation governing conservation of the stocks is reviewed. Conservation options (legislation, habitat restoration, stock translocation and stock augmentation) are outlined and their practicality and efficacy considered. A preliminary search indicates that there are a number of lakes that appear to be suitable for pollan translocation. 2001 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles Key words: Coregonus autumnalis; conservation ecology; legislation; eutrophication; translocation. INTRODUCTION Owing to its recent glacial history, Ireland has a depauperate native freshwater fish fauna of only 14 species, all of euryhaline origin. Human introductions have augmented the Irish ichthyofauna and today 25 species are found in Ireland’s fresh waters (Griffiths, 1997). Of the native species, only one, the pollan Coregonus autumnalis Pallas is not found elsewhere in Europe (Whilde, 1993). Ireland has more than 4000 loughs (lakes) >5 ha, but pollan occur in only four large lowland loughs. -
Management of Shark Fin Trade to and from Australia
MANAGEMENT Scalloped hammerhead sharks OF SHARK FIN TRADE TO AND FROM AUSTRALIA In preparing this report the author has made all reasonable efforts to ensure the information it contains is based on evidence. The TABLE OF CONTENTS views expressed in this report are those of the author based on that evidence. The author does not guarantee that there is not further evidence relevant to the matters covered 1. Executive Summary 2 by this report and therefore urges those with an interest in these matters to conduct their own due 2. Introduction 5 diligence and to draw their own conclusions. 3. Shark Fin Trade 7 Trends in shark fin trade 8 Australian shark fin trade 13 4. Shark Fishery Management 17 5. Fins Naturally Attached 23 6. Traceability 29 Principle 1: Unique Identification 31 Principle 2: Data Capture and Management 31 Principle 3: Data Communication 33 7. Managing International Trade 34 8. Conclusion 36 Annex A – Protected Species as of October 2020 38 Annex B – Country Specific HS Codes for Shark Fin 40 Annex C – Fisheries Specific Shark Management Measures 45 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Healthy shark populations are an indicator of the health of the marine environment. Sharks play This report looks at the current trends in the global a key role in marine and estuarine environments, and people around the world rely on healthy shark fin trade and actions that Australia can take marine ecosystems for their livelihoods. It has been predicted that by 2033, shark based eco- to drive improvement in the shark fin industry, tourism will be worth more than 785 million USD. -
Sperm Cryopreservation
animals Article Effects of Cryoprotective Medium Composition, Dilution Ratio, and Freezing Rates on Spotted Halibut (Verasper variegatus) Sperm Cryopreservation Irfan Zidni 1 , Yun Ho Lee 1, Jung Yeol Park 1, Hyo Bin Lee 1, Jun Wook Hur 2 and Han Kyu Lim 1,* 1 Department of Marine and Fisheries Resources, Mokpo National University, Mokpo 58554, Korea; [email protected] (I.Z.); [email protected] (Y.H.L.); [email protected] (J.Y.P.); [email protected] (H.B.L.) 2 Faculty of Marine Applied Biosciences, Kunsan National University, 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan, Jeonbuk 54150, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-61-450-2395; Fax: +82-61-452-8875 Received: 12 October 2020; Accepted: 16 November 2020; Published: 19 November 2020 Simple Summary: The spotted halibut, Verasper variegatus, is a popular fish species occurring naturally in the East China Sea and coastal areas of Korea and Japan. However, when reared in captivity, male and female spotted halibut do not usually mature synchronously. Maintaining production of this commercial fish in hatcheries through sperm cryopreservation is important. This study investigated the effect of several factors for successful cryopreservation of fish sperm including cryoprotective agents (CPAs), diluents, dilution ratios (Milt: CPA + diluents), and freezing rates. The observed factors significantly affected movable sperm ratio (MSR), sperm activity index (SAI), survival rate, and DNA damage after cryopreservation. In the present study, the mixture of 15% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) + 300 mM sucrose with a dilution ratio lower than 1:2 and a freezing rate slower than 5 C/min provided the best treatment and reduced DNA damage. -
Monitoring Fish Populations in Lower Lough Erne 65
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Aquatic Commons MONITORING FISH POPULATIONS IN LOWER LOUGH ERNE 65 MONITORING FISH POPULATIONS IN LOWER LOUGH ERNE, NORTHERN IRELAND: APPLICABILITY OF CURRENT METHODS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE MONITORING UNDER THE EC WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE ROBERT ROSELL (Dr R. Rosell, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development for Northern Ireland, Agricultural and Environmental Science Division, Newforge Lane, Belfast, N. Ireland.) Introduction The proposed EC Water Framework Directive (WFD), with its emphasis on defining and monitoring for a measure of overall ecological quality, will require member states to monitor both biotic and abiotic components of lake environments, to determine their status against notional "good ecological condition". This will create a fundamental shift in the monitoring requirement from that contained in the current series of directives, which currently only require demonstration that designated waters are of adequate quality when monitored for a limited number of chemical determinands. With adoption of the WFD some measurement of the fish populations will also be required. The measures required are likely to include abundance, species diversity and population age structures for individual species. This paper describes work carried out since 1971, and particularly since 1991, on the status of fish populations in Lower Lough Erne, Northern Ireland, with an emphasis on defining change over time due to human impacts on the lake. This offers a reasonable starting point from which to develop a monitoring programme suitable for the needs of the WFD in this lake and perhaps also in other systems. -
Zooplankton Feeding Induces Macroscopical Gonad Malformations in Whitefish (Coregonus Ssp.) from Lake Thun, Switzerland
fishes Article Zooplankton Feeding Induces Macroscopical Gonad Malformations in Whitefish (Coregonus ssp.) from Lake Thun, Switzerland Daniel Bernet 1,2, Thomas Wahli 1, Christoph Küng 2 and Helmut Segner 1,* 1 Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Länggass-Strasse 122, Post-Box, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland; [email protected] (D.B.); [email protected] (T.W.) 2 Fisheries Inspectorate Bern, Schwand, CH-3110 Münsingen, Switzerland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 11 June 2020; Accepted: 10 August 2020; Published: 20 August 2020 Abstract: Alterations in gonad morphology are widespread in wild fish populations. Whitefish (Coregonus spp.) from Lake Thun, Switzerland, display a high prevalence of macroscopical gonad malformations including fusions to the musculature, segmented gonads and intersex condition. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the gonad morphological changes in Lake Thun whitefish are caused by genetic factors, environmental factors (water, diet) or “gene environment” × interaction. We performed two independent experiments of a three-year duration in which we reared whitefish from fertilization until adulthood and tested the possible causative factors using a matrix design: (i) genetics—comparing the prevalence of gonad malformations in whitefish of different genetic origin reared under identical environmental conditions (same diet, same water, same experimental facility); (ii) environment—comparing the prevalence of gonad malformations in whitefish of the same genetic origin reared in different water sources and/or fed with different diets; and (iii) gene-environment interaction—comparing the prevalence of gonad morphological alterations in relation to the combinations of genetics and environmental factors. -
Channel Catfish Review Life-History, Distribution, Invasion Dynamics and Current Management Strategies in the Pacific Northwest
Channel Catfish Review Life-history, distribution, invasion dynamics and current management strategies in the Pacific Northwest Thomas K Pool University of Washington Figure 1 Illustration of a channel catfish by Ted Walke (http://www.fish.state.pa.us/pafish/chancatm.jpg) Figure 2 Thomas L. Wellborn SRAC Publication No. 180 http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us/huntwild/wild/species/ccf/) Figure 3 Channel catfish: Note the barbels Figure 4 Channel catfish: Characteristic deeply forked located near the mouth© George tail © George Burgess (http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu) Burgess(http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu) All information in this report was compiled in November, 2007. Current distribution maps and background information may be outdated at this time. Diagnostic information 1a) Adipose fin a flag-like fleshy lobe, well- separated from caudal fin; tail squared, rounded, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque, 1818) or forked; adults to over 24 inches Kingdom Animalia-- animals 1b) Adipose fin long, low, and 'keel-like', nearly Phylum Chordata-- chordates continuous with caudal fin; tail squared or Subphylum Vertebrata-- vertebrates rounded; adults small, never over 6 inches Superclass Osteichthyes-- bony fishes 2a) Tail deeply-forked, lobes pointed; anal fin Class Actinopterygii-- ray-finned fishes, spiny with 24 to 30 rays; bony ridge connecting skull rayed fishes and origin of dorsal fin; head relatively small Subclass Neopterygii-- neopterygians and narrow; young with small spots, larger Infraclass Teleostei adults blue-black in color without spots channel Superorder Ostariophysi catfish Ictalurus punctatus Order Siluriformes-- catfishes Family Ictaluridae Overview Genus Ictalurus Species Ictalurus punctatus Channel catfish are often grey or silver in color and can be one of the largest catfish species with a maximum size up to 915 mm and Basic identification 13 kg. -
Variation in the Abundance of Arctic Cisco in the Colville River: Analysis of Existing Data and Local Knowledge
OCS Study MMS 2007-042 VARIATION IN THE ABUNDANCE OF ARCTIC CISCO IN THE COLVILLE RIVER: ANALYSIS OF EXISTING DATA AND LOCAL KNOWLEDGE VOLUME II: FINAL REPORT APPENDICES November 2007 Prepared for The U.S. Department of the Interior Minerals Management Service Alaska Outer Continental Shelf Region Environmental Studies Section 3801 Centerpoint Drive, Suite 500 Anchorage, AK 99503-5823 Contract No.: 1435-01-04-CT-34979 Prepared by ABR, Inc.–Environmental Research & Services Sigma Plus, Statistical Consulting Services Stephen R. Braund & Associates Kuukpik Subsistence Oversight Panel, Inc. OCS Study MMS 2007-042 VARIATION IN THE ABUNDANCE OF ARCTIC CISCO IN THE COLVILLE RIVER: ANALYSIS OF EXISTING DATA AND LOCAL KNOWLEDGE VOLUME II: FINAL REPORT APPENDICES November 2007 Principal Investigator: Stephen M. Murphy ABR, Inc.–Environmental Research & Services Co-principal Investigator: Franz J. Mueter Sigma Plus, Statistical Consulting Services Co-principal Investigator: Stephen R. Braund Stephen R. Braund & Associates ABR, Inc.—Environmental Research & Services P.O. Box 80410 Fairbanks, AK 99708-0410 This study was funded by the U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service (MMS), Alaska Outer Continental Shelf Region, Anchorage, Alaska, under Contract No. 1435- 01-04-CT-34979, as part of the MMS Environmental Studies Program. Disclaimer: The opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this report or product are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Department of the Interior, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the federal government. OCS Study MMS 2007-042 TABLE OF CONTENTS Appendix A. -
Herring Milt and Herring Milt Protein Hydrolysate Are Equally Effective In
marine drugs Article Herring Milt and Herring Milt Protein Hydrolysate Are Equally Effective in Improving Insulin Sensitivity and Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function in Diet-Induced Obese- and Insulin-Resistant Mice Yanwen Wang 1,2,* , Sandhya Nair 1,3 and Jacques Gagnon 3,4,* 1 Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada; [email protected] 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada 3 VALORES¯ Research Institute, Shippagan, NB E8S 1J2, Canada 4 Department of Sciences, Shippagan Campus, University of Moncton, Shippagan, NB E8S 1P6, Canada * Correspondence: [email protected] (Y.W.); [email protected] (J.G.) Received: 24 October 2020; Accepted: 8 December 2020; Published: 11 December 2020 Abstract: Although genetic predisposition influences the onset and progression of insulin resistance and diabetes, dietary nutrients are critical. In general, protein is beneficial relative to carbohydrate and fat but dependent on protein source. Our recent study demonstrated that 70% replacement of dietary casein protein with the equivalent quantity of protein derived from herring milt protein hydrolysate (HMPH; herring milt with proteins being enzymatically hydrolyzed) significantly improved insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. As production of protein hydrolysate increases the cost of the product, it is important to determine whether a simply dried and ground herring milt product possesses similar benefits. Therefore, the current study was conducted to investigate the effect of herring milt dry powder (HMDP) on glucose control and the associated metabolic phenotypes and further to compare its efficacy with HMPH. -
Red Drum: Reproductive Biology, Broodstock Management, and Spawning
SOUTHERN REGIONAL SRAC Publication No. 0320 AQUACULTURE CENTER October 2018 VI PR Red Drum: Reproductive Biology, Broodstock Management, and Spawning Todd Sink1, Robert Vega2, and Jennifer Butler2 The red drum Sciaenops( ocellatus), also known as 1980's regulations proliferated until commercial harvest redfish, is a popular marine sportfish and aquacultured was eliminated throughout the Gulf. Recreational fishing food fish. The red drum is a coastal inshore and nearshore is still permissible but is highly regulated. Demand for species of the western Atlantic ranging from Massachusetts red drum as a food fish commercially remained despite south to the Florida Keys and Bahamas, and throughout the void in supply left by the closure of commercial har- the Gulf of Mexico from Florida to northern Mexico, vest in the Gulf, and as a result culture of red drum has but is largely absent from the Yucatan Peninsula. Recre- become a moving force in marine and inshore aquacul- ational fishermen along the Gulf and lower Atlantic Coasts ture as food fish and for enhancement of wild stocks. have prized the red drum as a challenging, hard-fighting A detailed understanding of the reproductive biology sportfish. Red drum was commercially harvested due to its of red drum and how to successfully manipulate environ- popularity as food fish including dishes such as blackened mental conditions and broodfish physiology is required redfish, redfish Pontchartrain, and redfish on the half shell. for reliable production of eggs and larvae. Significant Production of red drum began in the 1970s to supplement but well-documented technical expertise is required to declining wild stocks, and production as a food fish has secure and maintain healthy red drum broodstock, to since grown into a global aquaculture industry. -
How Does Iceland Manage to Use 85% of a Cod?
Landing Obligation 2019: What have we learned, what are the next steps? A Science - Policy conference for the closing of H2020 DiscardLess project How does Iceland manage to use 85% of a cod? Jónas R. Viðarsson Matís Ltd. Iceland The Big Picture 71% of the world’s is covered by water Total food production (5.000 million tn) 3.5% Total fish production (178 million tn) Source: FAO food outlook 2018 Jónas R. Viðarsson ©Matís The Big Picture What of this actually becomes human food? Biomass lost as discards at sea 10% on average • EU finfish discards 20-60% prior to LO Utilization in processing of finfish 30-75% • Common to have 40% utilization for finfish Biomass wasted in retail & distribution 7% Biomass wasted at consumer level 28% In the end it is only 21% of the catch that is actually consumed Jónas R. Viðarsson ©Matís Source: (Maria Amparo Pérez Roda et al. 2019 and Love et a.l 2015) Whole fish 116 100,0% Roes / Milt 5 4,3% liver 5 4,3% Viscera 6 5,2% Head 30 25,9% Fraim 18 15,5% Pinbones & cutoffs 2 1,7% Skin 4 3,4% Bellyflap 3 2,6% Fillet 43 37,1% Jónas R. Viðarsson ©Matís …also Skin Viscera Swim bladder Pharmaceuticals Nutraceuticals Flavorings Collagen Gelatin Enzymes …. Jónas R. Viðarsson ©Matís Key to be able to maximize value of all catches Whole fish 116 100,0% Roes / Milt 5 4,3% liver 5 4,3% Viscera 6 5,2% Head 30 25,9% Fraim 18 15,5% Pinbones & cutoffs 2 1,7% Skin 4 3,4% Bellyflap 3 2,6% Fillet 43 37,1% Jónas R. -
9. Palolo Swarming Previous Section | Park Home Page | Table of Contents
previous section | park Home page | table of contents NATURAL HISTORY GUIDE 9. Palolo swarming Once or twice a year, palolo swarm to the surface of the sea in great numbers. Samoans eagerly await this night and scoop up large amounts of this delicacy along the shoreline with hand nets. This gift from the sea was traditionally greeted with necklaces made from the fragrant moso’oi flower and the night of the palolo was and still remains a happy time of celebration. The rich taste of palolo is enjoyed raw or fried with butter, onions or eggs, or spread on toast. Palolo is the edible portion of a polychaete worm (Eunice viridis) that lives in shallow coral reefs throughout the south central Pacific, although they do not swarm at all of these locations. This phenomenon is well known in Samoa, Rarotonga, Tonga, Fiji, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. Palolo are about 12 inches long and live in burrows dug into the coral pavement on the outer reef flat. They are composed of two distinct sections (see drawing). The front section is the basic segmented polychaete with eyes, mouth, etc., followed by a string of segments called the “epitoke” that contain reproductive gametes colored blue- green (females) or tan (males). Each epitoke segments bear a tiny eyespot that can sense light (that's why islanders are able to use a lantern to attract the palolo to their nets). When it comes time to spawn, palolo will back out of their burrows and release the epitoke section from their body. The epitokes then twirl around in the water in vast numbers and look like dancing spaghetti.