Best Practices in Urban Transport
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Best Practices in Urban Transport Report Prepared by Institute of Urban September, 2013 Transport (India) Best Practices in Urban Transport Acknowledgements This study has been undertaken by a team led by Ms Kanika Kalra, (Urban Transport Expert, IUT) with support from Ms Anindita Ghosh (Transport Planner, IUT) and Mr Daniel Kriske (Intern-April- July 2013, IUT). The team is thankful to Mr BI Singh (Director General, IUT) for his constant guidance and support and very important source of inspiration and mentor for the conduct of this study. The team would like to thank all the stakeholders for their constant assistance in providing information about the projects, data on urban transport, as well as granting in-person interviews. In addition, this study draws reference from various documents like Comprehensive Mobility Plans, toolkits prepared by The World Bank, UNDP, SUTP and Asian Development Bank. IUT offers its sincere gratitude for allowing such integral material to form one of the core bases of this study. i Best Practices in Urban Transport Table of Contents 1. Acknowledgement …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...i 2. Executive Summary.......................................................................................................................1 3. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……….. 7 4. Objectives………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...7 5. Methodology…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....8 6. Organization of Report……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..9 7. Part I- Case Studies- Public Transport without Private Sector Involvement • Innovative Sustainable Public Transport- BMTC Model……………………….………………………………12 • Mumbai Suburban Rail…………………………………………………………………………………………………….….16 • Delhi MRTS...............................................................................................................................20 • Sustainable Public Transport for small and medium size cities, Karnataka……………………….….23 8. Part I- Case Studies- Private Sector Involvement In Bus Operations • Janmarg BRTS, Ahmedabad…………………………………………………………………………………………….….27 • Corporatization of Private stage carriage Buses in Delhi……………………..………………………………31 • Operation of Modern low floor buses on PPP, Bhopal City……………………………..…………………..34 • Vadodara city bus services………………………………………………………………………………………………….37 • G- Auto, Rajkot…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...39 • Traffic Transit Management Centres, Bangalore………………………………………………..…………...….41 9. Part I- Case Studies-Non- Motorised Transport • Fazilka Ecocabs-Dial A rickshaw service……………………………………………………………………………….44 • Green bike, Delhi…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….47 • Dipbahan Rickshaw bank Project………………………………………………………………………………….…….50 • NMT Implementation in Visakhapatnam city………………………………………………………………….…..52 • Improvement of movement network ,Nanded- JnNURM Project………………………..……….….….54 • ATCAG Bike share, Bangalore………………………………………………………………………………………….…..56 10. Part I- Case Studies- Traffic Engineering & Demand management • Mumbai Area Traffic Control System…………………………………………………………………………………..59 • Station Area Traffic Improvement, Pune City………………………………………………………………………61 • Electronic Ticketing Machine in KSRTC, Mysore…………………………………………………………………..63 • Automated Electronic Driving Test, Bangalore…………………………………………………………………….65 • CGRAPS, Pune…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………...67 ii Best Practices in Urban Transport • Intelligent Public Transport System integrated with PIS, Delhi…………………………………………….70 • Bangalore Traffic Improvement Project………………………………..…………………………………………….72 • Intelligent Transport System, Mysore city……………………………………………………………………………75 11. Part I-Review Results of 4 categories.................................……………………….. ………………………78 12. Summary..............................................................................................................................82 13. Part II-Project Cycle Stages • Project Planning stages-Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………..85 • Steps for Planning for Public Transport Projects – Bus and Rail………………………………………….89 • Steps for Planning for NMT Projects……………………………………………………………………………………90 • Steps for Planning for Traffic engineering and Demand Management Projects………………...91 • Steps for project implementation and Impact assessment stages……………………………………....92 14. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..93 15. Annexure 1…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…94 16. Annexure 2 A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………96 17. Annexure 2 B…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….97 18. Annexure 3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...…….99 19. Annexure 4……………………………………………………………………………………………………...…….…………100 20. Annexure 5……………………………………………………………………………………………………...…….…………101 List of Figures Figure 1 Project Cycle stages………………………………………………………………………………………...87 Figure 2 – Project Planning Stages…………………………………………………………………………………..88 Figure2A- Public Transport Planning Stage……………………………………………..………………….…..89 Figure 1B NMT Planning Stage………………………………..……………………………………………………...90 Figure-2 C Traffic management Planning Stage……………………………………………………………....91 Figure 3 Project Implementation and Impact Assessment stage.…………………………………....92 iii Best Practices in Urban Transport Executive Summary Several cities are active in improving urban mobility in their cities and have implemented projects with benefits. To encourage such ‘good practices’ Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India, award selected ‘Best Practiced Projects’ every year. Between 2008-2011, 164 entries have been received, out of which 34 projects have been awarded as best practice (23) and emerging good projects (11).This report is based on a review of these projects. The objective of the study was to: • To assess the current status of the UMI awarded projects from 2008-2011. • To assess any other projects (Non awarded) that have shown growing benefits and scope for replication by other cities. • To describe process for replication of successful projects along with relevant references. Letters and brief questionnaires were sent to the civic bodies responsible for the projects, enquiring about the present status. 4 projects were inactive and no information was received from 7 projects. Therefore in total 23 Awarded projects were analysed in detail through site visits and correspondence(Table 1).At a later stage 7 other urban transport projects, showing growing benefits in scope, but have not received recognition or awards were assessed. The 12 categories under which awards were given by the Ministry were categorized into 4 broad groups i.e, public transport without private participation(Rail/STUs), private sector involvement in bus operations, non- motorized transport (Infrastructure/public bike sharing),Traffic engineering and demand management including ITS and compiled into brief case studies. Table 1-Summary of projects reviewed Total Awarded Projects Entries awarded as awarded Projects Non reviewed by IUT projects not Awarde Awarded Entries reviewed d Through years received Best Emerg- for lack of projects Site Corres- Practice ing response/ reviewe Visit pondenc Projects projects inactive* d e UMI 2008 43 6 4 2 8 1+3 UMI 2009 44 7 1 5 3 2 7 UMI 2010 26 4 2 34 4 2 2+1 UMI 2011 51 6 4 5 5 2 Total 164 23 11 16 18 7+4 7 Total reviewed 23 7 projects * Inactive Projects 1 Best Practices in Urban Transport A few general trends emerged from the case studies. Public transport projectswithout private sector involvement (Table 2.) like Delhi Metro, BMTC, and Mumbai Suburban rail, showed growth in terms of network/services/routes , investments, use of new technologies like ITS and good management and HR policies. In the category of bus operation with involvement of private sector (Table 3), Ahmedabad Janmarg shows growth in terms of ridership and revenue due to addition of new corridors when compared to Delhi and Bhopal projects. However all 4 projects - Ahmedabad, Bhopal, Vadodara and Delhi show growth in terms of increase in revenue due to innovative financing mechanism, continuous growth in fleet and use of modern ITS Technology. Table 2.Public Transport without Private Sector Involvement Performance Name of Projects Indicators BMTC Bangalore, Sub urban Railway Delhi MRTS, Delhi Karnataka Mumbai, Maharashtra 128% Increase Ridership 19% 11% Increase revenue 53% 204.63% 47.42% 591(out of which 110 Reduction in 91% could have been N.Q.* accidents fatal)* Reduction of 3 hrs Increased speed from 80 Reduced travel N.Q. journey to 8o mins kmph to 100 kmph time/Increase speed Increase in 11% additional 14% additional lines 34% additional services routes/lines/services routes N.Q.-Not quantified N.Q* - Not quantified as MRVC not involved with operations. *As on date Non Motorized Transport Projects (Table 4) with innovative, revolutionary ideas like Fazilka EcoCabs, Dipbahan Rickshaw Bank, Green Bike, Delhi Project are excellent examples that balance both social and environmental sustainability. Also the Fazilka Ecocabs and Green Bike of Delhi help to provide the last mile connectivity to the commuters. Thus all three projects are said to be a success in its own way. 2 Best Practices in Urban Transport Table 3: Private Sector Involvement in Bus Operations Performance Name of Projects indicators Corporatisation Operation of Janmarg BRTS City bus services of Private Stage Modern Low Floor Ahmadabad, Vadodara, Carriage Buses in Buses on PPP Gujarat Gujarat Delhi Bhopal, MP Increased 564% 41% 79% 133% Ridership Earning