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Sand Lizard Surveys at Newborough Warren NNR and Sand Dune Habitat Management Guidance Sand lizard surveys at Newborough Warren NNR and sand dune habitat management guidance Peter Hill, Nick Moulton and Jim Foster Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Trust Report No 302 Date www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk About Natural Resources Wales Natural Resources Wales’ purpose is to pursue sustainable management of natural resources. This means looking after air, land, water, wildlife, plants and soil to improve Wales’ well-being, and provide a better future for everyone. Evidence at Natural Resources Wales Natural Resources Wales is an evidence based organisation. We seek to ensure that our strategy, decisions, operations and advice to Welsh Government and others are underpinned by sound and quality-assured evidence. We recognise that it is critically important to have a good understanding of our changing environment. We will realise this vision by: • Maintaining and developing the technical specialist skills of our staff; • Securing our data and information; • Having a well resourced proactive programme of evidence work; • Continuing to review and add to our evidence to ensure it is fit for the challenges facing us; and • Communicating our evidence in an open and transparent way. This Evidence Report series serves as a record of work carried out or commissioned by Natural Resources Wales. It also helps us to share and promote use of our evidence by others and develop future collaborations. However, the views and recommendations presented in this report are not necessarily those of NRW and should, therefore, not be attributed to NRW. www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk Page 1 Report series: NRW Evidence Report Report number: 302 Publication date: October 2018 Contract number: 8004055 Contractor: Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Trust Contract Manager: M.A. Ellis Title: Sand lizard surveys at Newborough Warren NNR and sand dune habitat management guidance P. Hill, N. Moulton and J. Foster Authors: Technical Editor: M.A. Ellis Peer Reviewer E.A. Howe Restrictions: None Distribution List (core) NRW Library, Bangor 2 National Library of Wales 1 British Library 1 Welsh Government Library 1 Scottish Natural Heritage Library 1 Natural England Library (Electronic Only) 1 Distribution List (others) Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Trust, Bournemouth 3 Paul Edgar, Natural England 1 John McKinnell, Scottish Natural Heritage 1 Rob Raynor, Scottish Natural Heritage 1 NNR Warden, Newborough Warren, NRW 1 NNR Warden team 1 Emmer Litt, NRW 1 Julie Creer, NRW 1 Matthew Ellis, NRW 1 Jane Garner, NRW 1 Recommended citation for this volume: Hill P, Moulton N & Foster J. 2018. Sand lizard surveys at Newborough Warren NNR and sand dune habitat management guidance. NRW Evidence Report No: 302, 103 pp, Natural Resources Wales, Bangor. Photo credits: all images by Peter Hill (Amphibian and Reptile Conservation) unless otherwise stated. www.naturalresourceswales.gov.ukwww.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk Page 2 Contents 1. Crynodeb Gweithredol .................................................................................................... 7 2. Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ 9 3. Part A: Main Report, Introduction .................................................................................. 11 3.1 Background and aims of project .......................................................................................11 3.2 Sand lizard ecology ...........................................................................................................12 3.2.1 Habitat requirements ......................................................................................................13 3.2.2 Hibernation .....................................................................................................................19 3.2.3 Egg-laying (oviposition) ..................................................................................................19 3.2.4 Population dynamics and dispersal ................................................................................20 3.3 Dune re-mobilisation works at Newborough Warren in winter 2014-15 ...........................20 4. Methods ........................................................................................................................ 23 4.1 Recent sand lizard status, habitat condition and habitat associations .............................23 4.2 Sand lizard survey and habitat condition assessment in September 2015 ......................23 4.2.1 Methods and effort ..........................................................................................................23 4.3 Assessment of implications for sand lizards of dune re-mobilisation ...............................24 4.3.1 Implications for sand lizards at Newborough Warren NNR ............................................24 4.3.2 Implications for guidance on habitat restoration and management ................................24 4.3.3 Implications for regulation and conservation planning ...................................................25 5. Results ......................................................................................................................... 26 5.1 Recent sand lizard status, habitat condition and habitat association ...............................26 5.2 Sand lizard surveys in September 2015 ...........................................................................30 5.3 Habitat condition in September 2015 ................................................................................31 5.3.1 Locations 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 ...............................................................................................31 5.3.2 Locations 6, 7, 8 and 9 ...................................................................................................35 5.4 Comparing habitat condition before and after management ............................................37 6. Discussion .................................................................................................................... 42 6.1 Effects of dune re-mobilisation works on the sand lizard population at Newborough Warren NNR......................................................................................................................42 6.2 General issues raised by dune re-mobilisation impacts on sand lizards ..........................44 6.3 Implications for guidance on habitat restoration and management ..................................46 6.4 Implications for regulation and conservation planning ......................................................47 6.4.1 Key drivers and constraints for habitat works on sand lizard sites .................................47 6.4.2 Reconciling designated site and protected species issues ............................................49 6.4.3 Recommendations for future re-mobilisation projects ....................................................52 6.5 Recommendations for future investigations ......................................................................54 6.5.1 Further surveys at Newborough Warren ........................................................................54 6.5.2 Surveys at other sand dune sites supporting sand lizards .............................................55 6.5.3 Further spatial analysis ...................................................................................................55 6.6 Conclusions.......................................................................................................................55 7. Acknowledgements....................................................................................................... 56 8. References ................................................................................................................... 57 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.ukwww.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk Page 3 9. Annex1: Use of sand dunes by herpetofauna other than sand lizards ........................... 59 9.1. Amphibians .......................................................................................................................59 9.2. Reptiles .............................................................................................................................61 9.3. Adder (Vipera berus) .........................................................................................................63 9.4. Grass snake (Natrix natrix) ...............................................................................................63 9.5. Common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) ....................................................................................64 9.6. Slow-worm (Anguis fragilis) ..............................................................................................64 10. PART B: Results from 2015 site surveillance ................................................................ 66 10.1. Summary of observations .................................................................................................66 10.2. Detailed results .................................................................................................................66 10.3. Conclusions from September 2015 surveys .....................................................................76 11. PART C: Recommendations for short-term habitat enhancement measures ................ 77 11.1. Potential short-term impacts of re-mobilisation measures on sand lizards ......................77 11.2. Recommended short-term habitat enhancement measures ............................................77
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