Z Thus Spakez
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August 2010 - Volume 08 Number 07 Monthly Calendar z z Thus Spake “God tells the thief to go and steal, and at the same time warns the householder against the thief.” … Sri Ramakrishna “All things appear and disappear because of the concurrence of causes and conditions. Nothing ever exists entirely alone; everything is in relation to everything else.” … Lord Buddha Yakuoin Yukiji Shrine Mount Takao Birthdays July Zushi Retreat Avatar, Incarnation of God Swami Ramakrishnananda A talk by Swami Medhasananda Sunday, August 8 Swami Niranjanananda Tuesday, August 24 I have not seen the film, but you may know of a very successful movie entitled “Avatar,” filmed at high cost using innovative technologies and screened in 3D. An “avatar” in the cyber-world is also a two-dimensional picture, a 3D game Events model or even just a username to represent a computer user’s alter ego. There is also a self-development course called “Avatar”. These, however, do not really • EMBASSY DISCOURSE • reflect the Indian meaning or concept of avatar, except in the minimal sense of Indian Embassy one species being transformed into another, as in the film, or simply any 1st Saturday, August 8, 2 PM transformation. It is interesting that some words of Indian origin, such as karma, are attractive enough that, although often misused, are finding their • KARMA YOGA • way into popular vernacular. Zushi Centre 2nd Saturday, August 14, 10AM Avatar is a Sanskrit word meaning to descend or descending. Incarnation is of • AUGUST ZUSHI RETREAT • Greek origin meaning to take the form of flesh. So in the word avatar we have some concept of above and below, from a higher position to a lower one, and 3rd Sunday, August 15, 11 AM in incarnation we have the idea of taking a flesh and blood form. The Hindu Talk: concept of avatar is a combination of these two. All are welcome! [cont page 2] nnn Avatar, Incarnation of God • Golden Jubilee Closing Ceremony In This Issue: A talk by Swami Medhasananda Welcome Address by Swami … page 1 Medhasananda … page 6 • Monthly Calendar … page 1 • Thought of the Month … page 4 • Swami Attends Annual Yoga • Thus Spake … page 1 Therapy Meet … page 9 • Story to Remember … page 6 • July Zushi Retreat - • Swami Visits Singapore … page 9 The Vedanta Kyokai Newsletter - August 2010 Vol. 08 No. 07 Page 1 of 9 Avatar [from page 1] an incarnation of God, and in many Buddhist temples worldwide you will witness the same forms of ritualism It is imagined that God resides in Heaven above this as those practiced in Hindu temples–the same earthly plane and when descends to this earth He is obeisance, the same chanting, incense, offerings, even called an ‘avatar’. Should the Lord descend without the same festivals. Moreover, it is believed that Buddha taking some form, it would be difficult to achieve His also incarnates Himself as Boddhisattwas out of mission unless He is identified by those for whom He compassion to guide humanity and to show the path to has descended. God needs to take some form that we enlightenment. can easily identify. That’s why Swami Vivekananda said that if God wants to appear for the buffalos, He In the Hindu tradition there is a lot of scripture and must take the form of a buffalo. much discussion and debate on this idea of incarnations of God. The Upanishads are regarded as The Avatar in Religious Traditions the essence of the Vedas and the Bhagavad Gita as the essence of the Upanishads and in Chapter IV of the This concept of ‘Incarnation of God’ can be found in Bhagavad Gita, Lord Krishna says very clearly in many religious traditions. In Christianity we see this verses seven and eight that: concept. The famous Western philosopher Spinoza wrote of this concept of incarnation of God in ‘Whenever and wherever there is a decrease in dharma (religion), Christianity. He said that God is manifested in O Arjun, and a predominant rise of adharma (irreligion) – everything, but manifested in Jesus Christ in the fullest at that time I descend (incarnate) Myself, way. This “manifested more fully in a human being” is to reestablish principles of religion and to destroy the wicked.’ the Hindu concept of incarnation. God is present in every one of us, to a greater degree than any animal How Many Incarnations? being. Then among all human beings a greater manifestation is found in a sage, and in a personality Different commentaries on the Gita explain this like Jesus Christ, we see His fullest manifestation. concept of ‘incarnation of God’. One question that arises is: How many incarnations of God are there? Christians, however, claim that Jesus is the “only The Christians tell us there is only one, Jesus. There begotten son of God”; the “only” incarnation of God. has never been before His advent and his According to Islam, while Jesus is accepted as a reappearance portends an apocalyptic end for all. prophet, their emphasis is on Muhammad as the “last” According to some Hindu interpretations there are ten prophet. And the Buddhist tradition? When I had incarnations of God. been referring to this concept of incarnation of God in my discourses here, I got the distinct impression that There is a very famous Sanskrit hymn called the this concept was strange and unheard of to some in Dasavatara Stotra composed by the celebrated poet, the audience. I was a little shocked that such a Jayadeva, of the Middle Ages. It says that Krishna first commonly discussed and debated subject in India incarnated as a fish, then a tortoise, then a boar, a would seem strange to an audience of the Buddhist giant lion-man, a dwarf, Rama with an axe, Sri Rama, tradition. The reason became apparent that the Balarama with plough, Buddha and at the culmination concept of incarnation was not discussed in the Shinto of this present yuga or age, Kalki will arrive to or Japanese Buddhist traditions. In fact, there is no complete the present cycle of ages. Here we see a God in the Buddhist tradition. Buddha did not teach process of evolution; fish living in the water, then a of any God. So if there is no God, no incarnation of amphibian, a mammal in the boar, the giant lion-man, God is possible. Buddha only believed in the then a dwarf man, Rama with an axe is still somewhat manifestation of pure consciousness and taught the violent, the ideal character in Sri Rama, Sri Balaram way to attain to it. then deals with human nature, and in Buddha the path and way to end suffering and to finding supreme For the common people, however, the concept of a consciousness is taught. The tenth avatar is said to be Supreme Reality is hard to grasp, and it is even harder Kalki, and this school says there cannot be any other to have faith in it. People need some anthropomorphic avatars afterward. Yet another scripture called the form of God for refuge in times of trouble. Buddha Bhagavata Purana professes the advent of 24 avatars. himself took that position and became the focus of worship as God for the common followers of Buddhism. Interestingly, Hindus believe in Buddha as [cont page 3] The Vedanta Kyokai Newsletter - August 2010 Vol. 08 No. 07 Page 2 of 9 Avatar [from page 2] become more powerful than the righteous, the Lord incarnates. When many people suffering from Then according to the Bhagavad Gita, perhaps the bondage desire freedom and liberation, the Lord greatest Hindu scripture, there is no limit to the comes to grant that freedom. When the multitudes number of incarnations of God, since He says therein become confused as to what is or isn’t religion, such as that He descends to the earth whenever He feels the these ‘spiritual healing’ practitioners as we see now-a- necessity. Once when Krishna and Arjuna are out for days on television - which has no real connection with a walk, Arjuna praised Krishna as the Supreme spirituality - the Lord comes. When the people Reality. Krishna did not respond to this, but as they earnestly pray to be shown the way and suffer from a approached a tree Krishna pointed to it and asked spiritual hunger, when this hunger and yearning for Arjuna what he saw there. “I see a huge tree,” he God reaches a near universal state with great numbers responded. “What else?” asked Krishna. “I see the tree of people in the same condition, the Lord comes. is laden with many, many black berries,” he said. “No, observe more attentively,” Krishna said. “You will see How can I love God? those berries are multitudes of Krishnas hanging on the tree of the Supreme Reality.” From this remark we When devotees are advised to grow love for God if understand that there really is no limit to the number they want to grow in spirituality and to realize God, of possible incarnations of God. the question that confronts them is, How can I love God when I cannot see Him? I love my husband; I Prophet or Incarnation? love my wife; I love my children, because I can see them! This is a rational, natural question. Many Another question that arises is: What is the difference people cannot make progress in spiritual life because between a prophet and an incarnation? For example, of this difficulty, and since they cannot see God, they Swami Vivekananda is regarded as a prophet. So what cannot cultivate a sincere love of God. So here is is the difference between Sri Ramakrishna, who is another justification for the incarnation of God; the regarded as an incarnation of God, and Swami people can see and love the avatar, or God, in human Vivekananda the prophet.