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Mobility on Demand Operational Concept Report

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Mobility on Demand Operational Concept Report Mobility on Demand Operational Concept Report www.its.dot.gov/index.htm Final Report – September 2017 FHWA-JPO-18-611 Produced by Booz Allen Hamilton U.S. Department of Transportation Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office Notice This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. The U.S. Government is not endorsing any manufacturers, products, or services cited herein and any trade name that may appear in the work has been included only because it is essential to the contents of the work. Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. FHWA-JPO-18-611 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Mobility on Demand Operational Concept Report September 2017 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Susan Shaheen, Adam Cohen, Balaji Yelchuru, and Sara Sarkhili 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Booz Allen Hamilton 20M Street, SE, Suite 1000 11. Contract or Grant No. Washington, DC 20003 HOITXX1700000152PR Transportation Sustainability Research Center (TSRC) University of California Richmond Field Station 1301 S. 46th Street, Building 190 Richmond, CA 94804-3580 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office U.S. Department of Transportation 14. Sponsoring Agency Code 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE Washington, DC 20590 15. Supplementary Notes 16. Abstract This operational concept report provides an overview of the Mobility on Demand (MOD) concept and its evolution, description of the MOD ecosystem in a supply and demand framework, and its stakeholders and enablers. Leveraging the MOD ecosystem framework, this report reviews the key enablers of the system including business models and partnerships, land use and different urbanization scenarios, social equity and environmental justice, policies and standards, and enabling technologies. This review is mostly focused on the more recent forms of MOD (e.g., shared mobility). 17. Keywords 18. Distribution Statement Mobility on Demand, shared mobility, mobility as a service, Transportation as a Service, MOD 19. Security Classif. (of this report) 20. Security Classif. (of this page) 21. No. of Pages 22. Price 162 Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed page authorized Table of Contents Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................. v Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................ 1 How to Use this Document .......................................................................................................................................... 4 Report Overview ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 Key Takeaways ............................................................................................................................................................ 5 Key Research Areas .................................................................................................................................................. 10 Key Terms Used in this Report ................................................................................................................................. 11 Preface ................................................................................................................................................ 13 Chapter 1. Background and Overview of the MOD Concept........................................................ 17 Disrupting Mobility ...................................................................................................................................................... 17 What is Mobility on Demand (MOD) ......................................................................................................................... 18 MOD Ecosystem ........................................................................................................................................................ 19 MOD Ecosystem – The Supply Side ........................................................................................................................ 20 MOD Ecosystem – The Demand Side ..................................................................................................................... 20 MOD Stakeholders ..................................................................................................................................................... 21 MOD Key Enablers .................................................................................................................................................... 22 Key Takeaways .......................................................................................................................................................... 23 Chapter 2. MOD and Shared Mobility .............................................................................................. 25 Trends Leading to MOD ............................................................................................................................................ 25 Changing Consumption and Delivery Disruption ..................................................................................................... 28 Key Takeaways .......................................................................................................................................................... 29 Chapter 3. State of the Industry, Business Models, and Partnerships ....................................... 31 State of the Industry ................................................................................................................................................... 32 Shared Mobility Sector ........................................................................................................................................ 32 Supply Chain/Goods Movement Sector ............................................................................................................ 32 Automotive Sector ............................................................................................................................................... 33 Business Models ........................................................................................................................................................ 34 MOD Partnership Types ............................................................................................................................................ 35 Benefits of MOD for Partners ............................................................................................................................. 38 MOD Use Case Studies on Public-Private Partnerships ................................................................................. 39 U.S. Department of Transportation Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office MOD Operational Concept Report – Final | v Error! No text of specified style in document. Key Takeaways .......................................................................................................................................................... 44 Chapter 4. Built Environments ......................................................................................................... 45 Primary Travel Constraint Types............................................................................................................................... 45 MOD in Different Built Environments ........................................................................................................................ 47 City Center MOD ................................................................................................................................................. 49 Suburban MOD ................................................................................................................................................... 51 Edge City MOD ................................................................................................................................................... 53 Exurban MOD...................................................................................................................................................... 55 Rural MOD ........................................................................................................................................................... 56 Key Takeaways .......................................................................................................................................................... 58 Chapter 5. MOD and Social Equity Considerations ...................................................................... 61 Environmental Justice, Social Equity, and Access Laws and Regulations in Transportation .............................. 61 Key MOD Equity Challenges ....................................................................................................................................
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