WHITE PAPER SEPTEMBER 2017 ROAD TESTED: COMPARATIVE OVERVIEW OF REAL-WORLD VERSUS TYPE-APPROVAL NOX AND CO2 EMISSIONS FROM DIESEL CARS IN EUROPE Chelsea Baldino, Uwe Tietge, Rachel Muncrief, Yoann Bernard, Peter Mock www.theicct.org
[email protected] BEIJING | BERLIN | BRUSSELS | SAN FRANCISCO | WASHINGTON ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors thank the reviewers of this report for their guidance and constructive comments, with special thanks to John German, Jan Dornoff, and one anonymous reviewer. For additional information: International Council on Clean Transportation Europe Neue Promenade 6, 10178 Berlin +49 (30) 847129-102
[email protected] | www.theicct.org | @TheICCT © 2017 International Council on Clean Transportation Funding for this work was generously provided by the ClimateWorks Foundation and Stiftung Mercator. REAL-WORLD VERSUS TYPE-APPROVAL NOX AND CO2 EMISSIONS FROM DIESEL CARS IN EUROPE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Following the discovery in 2015 of an illegal defeat device on 590,000 Volkswagen vehicles with diesel engines in the United States (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2017), several independent European organizations and governments conducted emissions testing on Euro 5 and Euro 6 passenger cars. This paper combines the publicly available emissions data from these organizations and government bodies, as well as data that ICCT purchased from a commercial provider, to compare official laboratory-test and on-road nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions for 541 Euro 5 and Euro 6 diesel passenger cars, representing 145 of the most popular European models. Previous research found that there is a gap between type-approval and real-world carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions that has grown from less than 10% in 2001 to 42% in 2015 (Tietge et al., 2016).